《名词性从句（Noun Clauses）》教学设计

《名词性从句（NounClauses）》教学设计一、语法概述名词性从句（NounClauses）是指在句子中起名词作用的从句，其功能相当于名词，可充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。根据句法功能，名词性从句共分为四类：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句。所有名词性从句均需通过连接词引导，连接词分类及功能如下：连接词（仅起引导作用，不充当句子成分，不可省略）：that,if,whether连接代词（在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语）：what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever连接副词（在从句中充当状语）：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however二、分类详解（一）主语从句主语从句即在句子中充当主语的名词性从句，可置于句首，也可置于句末，用形式主语it代替，以平衡句子结构。当从句作主语时，主句谓语动词需用单数形式。例句展示WhatIdoisakindoflegwork.Thatthepresidentisingexcitesallofus.Whyhelovesmeisunknown.Whenandwherehewillarriveisimportant.Itisapitythathehatesme.Itremainstobeseenwhether/ifhelovesthegirl.核心要点引导词使用：主语从句中的that不可省略，而宾语从句中的that常可省略。it作形式主语的常见结构：（1）It+be+名词+that从句例：Itisapity/ashame/afact/anhonor/monknowledge/nowonderthat…（2）It+be+形容词+that从句例：Itisnecessary/important/likely/certain/natural/strangethat…特殊：当形容词为advised/requested/required/ordered/insisted等时，从句需用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形。（3）It+be+过去分词+that从句例：Itistold/reported/said/hasbeenprovedthat…（4）It+不及物动词+that从句例：Itseems/appears/happens/matters/remainstobedonethat…主语从句不可位于句首的三种情况：（1）if引导的主语从句不能置于句首，需用whether或形式主语it结构。（2）it作形式主语的结构中，真正的主语从句不可提前。（3）含主语从句的复合句为疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。即时填空Itissaid___heisfocusingonabookonspaceexploration.But___itwilleoutisunknown.（二）宾语从句宾语从句即在句子中充当宾语的名词性从句，常置于主句及物动词、介词或某些形容词之后。核心法则需关注引导词选择、从句语序（陈述语序）及时态呼应三大要点。例句展示ShethinksthatIamawoman.Teachersalwaystellmethatlifeis10%whathappenstoyouand90%howyoureacttoit.Youarewhatyousay.Thatwilldependonwhethertheycangetthechance.WhetherIwillhavethetimeIamnotsureatthemoment.Theboyknewwhenandwherethegirlwouldsaytheworstwords.具体用法作动词的宾语：（1）that引导的宾语从句（that通常可省略）：Iheard(that)hewantedtowatchDeathNote.（2）what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句：Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened./Iwonderwhether/ifyoucanflyonthemoon.（3）动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句：ShetoldmethatAdamwasthefirstman.作介词的宾语：Oursuccessdependsuponhowmuchhealthwehave.作形容词的宾语：Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.常见可接that宾语从句的形容词：anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。it作形式宾语：当宾语从句较长时，可将it置于句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语从句放在句尾，常见结构：...think/find...think/find/make/feel/believe/consider+it+adj/n+that从句...（2）动词hate/dislike/enjoy/appreciate+it+that从句...（3）短语动词seeto/dependon/relyon+it+that从句...（4）固定搭配takeitforgranted/oweittosb+that从句...（认为这是理所当然的/把……归功于）例句：Ithinkitdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays./Youmaydependonitthatshewillhelpyou./Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull.whether与if的用法区别：（1）两者均表“是否”，引导宾语从句时不可省略；（2）从句中含ornot时，只能用whether；（3）whether引导的从句可置于介词后，if不可。否定前移：当主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等表示“认为、猜想”的动词时，若宾语从句含否定意义，需将否定词转移至主句谓语，从句谓语用肯定形式。例句：Idon’tthinkIlostherforever.（三）表语从句表语从句即在句子中充当表语的名词性从句，常用结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。例句展示Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.Thisiswhywecan’tgetthesupportofthepeople.Butthefactremainsthatwearebehindtheotherclasses.Youarewhatyousay.核心要点引导词使用：that常可省略；if不能引导表语从句；特殊连接词asif/asthough（意为“仿佛、好像”）可引导表语从句。常见连系动词：be,seem,appear,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,keep,stay,remain等。常用结构：（1）thereasonisthat…（原因是……）（2）thereasonwhy...isthat...（……的原因是……）（3）It/That/Thisisbecause+表语从句（表原因）（4）It/That/Thisiswhy+表语从句（表结果）（四）同位语从句同位语从句是对名词的具体内容进行解释说明的名词性从句，与所修饰的名词构成“同等关系”。例句展示Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.HehasgotthenewsfromMikethatthesportsmeetwaspostponed.核心要点常见先行词：advice,news,fact,hope,idea,promise,question,suggestion,thought,truth,wish,word,conclusion,doubt等。同位语从句与定语从句的区别：（1）逻辑关系：同位语从句是对先行词的具体内容进行解释说明，与先行词构成“同等关系”；定语从句是对先行词进行修饰限制，构成“修饰关系”。（2）引导词that的用法：同位语从句中的that仅起引导作用，不充当句子成分，不可省略；定语从句中的that是关系代词，需在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分，作宾语时可省略。三、巩固练习选用恰当的连接词、连接代词或连接副词完成下列句子。1.what和that的用法①Theschoolisnolonger_______itusedtobe.＝Theschoolisnolongertheone________itusedtobe.②Finallyhetolduseverything_____hehadseen.＝Finallyhetoldus________hehadseen.③Theyarrivedin_____wasonceaschool.＝Theyarriveintheplace____wasonceaschool.④Don'tcare________othersthinkaboutyou.⑤Doyouknow________theydowithwastepaper?2.whether和that的用法①________theyaretwinsisclear./________theyaretwinsisnotclear.②Thereisaquestion/anargument________wehaveenoughtimetodoit.③Theproblemis________heispooratEnglish./Theproblemis________hecanimprovehisEnglish.④_______hewilletotheconferencehasexcitedeveryoneofus.⑤It'snowonder________you'veachievedsomuchsuccess.⑥Ithappenedtome_______Ihadbeenawaywhenhecalled.⑦Ifeelitapity________Ihaven'tbeentothegettogether.⑧Weallfinditimportant_______we(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismatter.⑨_______MengWanzhoureturnedtomotherlandafter3yearsofdetentiongreatlyarousepeople’spatrioticenthusiasm.⑩Hetoldmethenews,believeitornot,______hehadearned$1000inasingleday.3.whether/if①Itisnotaproblem________wecanwinthebattleornot;it'sjustamatteroftime.②_________we'llgocampingtomorrowornotdependsontheweather.③________the2028OlympicGameswillbeheldasscheduledisnotknownyet.④Whatyouwillattaingreatlydependson_______youwillputheartintoit.⑤Wehaven’tdecided__________totakepartinthepetition.⑥Noonehavesettledthequestionsofar______theworldwilletoanendoneday.⑦Noneknows______shewillmarrythatboy,but_______shemarrieshim,herparentswillbedisappointed.4.“疑问词＋ever”和“nomatter＋疑问词”的区别①________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights./________leavestheroomlast，heoughttoturnoffthelights.②Hewouldn'tlistento________Isaid./________Isaid，hewouldn'tlistentome.③Sarahhopestobeeafriendof________sharesherinterest./________es，youmustn'topenthedoor.④Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose________suitsyoubest.5.who和whoever的区别（who表示疑问；whoever与anyonewho同义）用who，whoever填空：①________hasstolenthemoneyhasn'tbeenfoundoutyet.②________hasstolenthemoneyshouldbepunished.③Iwillspareaticketforthenewly－madefilmto________desirestogetit.6.“众