阅读理解微技能之细节事实（解析版）-高考英语二轮复习（新高考专用）

A专题14同读理解微技能之事实细节题

【思维导图】

比较简单，只需要带着题干关键词在文

直接信息题e

中定位答案

隐蔽性比较强，正确选项是对文中信

间接信息题

e息的同义转换或归纳概括

细节理解题J

新曳件曾的需要对文中提供的数字信息进行分析

奴子IT昇度D理解和简单计算

代词指代题或名词指代题。找出代词或名词指代的内容

【事实细节题微技能】

1.直接信息题——题干定位法

解答细节理解的直接信息题时，由于题目普遍较容易，不必通篇细读全文，一般是先通过题干信息来选择定位

关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词，即问题的核心信息，再进行信息定位，运用略读及寻读的

技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干有关的关键词，找出相关的句子，得出正确答案。

,认真阅读题干，根据关键词明确答题方向。

运用略读及查读技巧迅速找到文中与问题

题干定位法《相关的信息。

仔细比较所给选项，与原文信息对应，锁定

、正确选项。

【典例剖析】

SummerEmploymentOpportunities（机会）

ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarchiredeachyearinavarietyofsummer

posiiiunsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,ilsrelatedagenciesandcoiiimuiiilygroups.

Whoiseligible：Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29Ibrpersons

withadisability.

23.Whichprogramfavors（hedisabled?

A.JobsforYouth.

B.SummerCompany.

C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.

D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.

答案D

分析:本题属「直接信息题。根据题干中的关键词disabled,迅速在文中找到最后一段的personswithadisability,

通过分析这句话可知，与题干中的(hedisabled属于典型的同义词替换，故选D项。

2.间接信息题——断章取义法

考查间接信息题时，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。常用方式是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言(词

汇和结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思。因此在做细节理解题时，要根据所找信息，分析选项，对比其中所用

词汇，避免误选答案。命题人主要从以下两个角度命制正确选项。

(1)同义替换

同义替换是指命题人利用同义词或近义词对原文的关键信息进行解释。解题时，同学们应该根据题意，快

速跳送全文，找到关键信息，然后在选项中寻找与原文信息最接近为同义词或近义词，这样就可确定正确答案。

(2)归纳信息

归纳信息是指命题人用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，这是命题人设计细节理解题时经

常使用的手段之一。同学们首先应抓住该题所涉及的重要信息去理解、提炼其中的关键信息，可尝试用自己的

语言去归纳文中的信息或事实，然后再看选项，挑选出和自己所归纳的信息最接近的选项作为正确答案。

，阅读题干，有针对性地扫读原文，锁定相关词

句等信息。

仔细比较选项和原文信息，选择正确或最佳

断章取义法＜

的答案。

准确理解每个选项的意思，寻找与原文信息

＜相关的同义词、近义词或反义词。

【典例剖析】

Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarchighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontain

alittlemoreprotein（蛋白质）,ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.B1ueberriesareparticularlyhighin

antioxidants（抗氧化物质）.Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturninto

vitaminAandwhichareantioxidanls.Asforcherries（樱桃），theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However：theyarerichin

vitaminC.

24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?

A.Theycontainprotein.

B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.

C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.

D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.

答案C

解析：本题属于间接信息题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，应该选C项，樱桃很美味。haveapleasanttaste与

besodelicious表义相同,属于同义替换。

3.排序题一首尾排除法

这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。做比类试题时可采

用“首尾排除法”，即先找出第一件事情和最后一件事情，使用排除法迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确选项；

也可，更用“代入淘汰法”按顺序逐一排除，得出正确选项。

【典例剖析】

Aschoolgirlsavedherfather'slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic（过敏的）reaction

whichstoppedhisheart.

Izzy,nine,restartedherfatherColm'sheartbystamping（踩）onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstopped

breathing.

Jzzy'smother,Debbie,immcdiatslycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveherfather,

sodecidedtouseCPR.

However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren'tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfather'schestinstead.

Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestcompressions（按压）untiltheambulancearrived.

Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said：4,Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.Mymumtaughtme

CPRbutIknewIwasn'tstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctorora

nurse.MymumsaidthatDadwasgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest.

40.What'stherightorderoftheevents?

①IzzykickedColm.

②Debbiecalled999.

@IzzylearnedCPR.

④Colm'sheartstopped.

A.③®B.④②®①

C.③®®①D.④③®®

答案C

解析事件排序题。根据文章的叙述可知，女孩以前就学会了CPR,在父亲的心脏停止跳动之后，她的母亲先

拨打了999,女孩想要在救护车到来前对父亲进行急救，却发现自己的手臂力气不够用，才采用踩父亲胸部的

方式。故选C。

4.数字计算题一查读分析法

此类试题在文章中直接表现出事实细节，但要经过具体的计算才能得出正确答案。具体可以是对年代、月份、

费用等计算。此类题目宜采用“查读分析法”，即先阅读题干，然后对文中相关的数字、时间、年代等作出标记,

按照一定的规律分门别类地列出相关数字，然后进行简单的计算。

【典例剖析】

Mothershavelongknownthattheirhomeworkloadwasjustasheavyaspaidwork.Now,thenewstudyhas

shownthatiftheywerepaidfortheirparentallabours,theywouldearnasmuchas£172,000ayear.

Thestudylookedattherangeofjobsmothersdo,aswellasthehourstheyareworking,todeterminethe

figurc.Thiswouldmaketheiryearlyincome£30,00（）morethanthePrimeMinistercams.

38.Howmuchwouldamotherearnayearifworkingas（hePrimeMinister?

A.£30,000.B.£142,000.

C.£172,000.D.£202,000.

答案B

解析数字计算题.根据文中的“...iheywouldearnasmuchas£172,000ayear.”以及“Thiswouldmaketheir

yearlyincome£30,000morethanthePrimeMinisterearns.”可知，总理的工资是£172000—£30000=L142000。

故选择B.

2022年1月浙江卷

Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebeihhasbeenaself-employedpeliransporispecialist.Herperiranspon

jobwasbornof由efinancialcrisis（危机）inthelate2000s.Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地产）firm

whereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanew

job.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookit

home,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.It

didn'ttakelongforMcrcbcthtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.

Merebeth'speldeliveryservicesatisfiesherwanderlusl.1(hastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexcept

Montana.WashingtonandOregon.shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapet

withtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,

heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.

Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.HemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoCalifornia

whenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.Assoonasshegraduated

fromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromher

parents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.

Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30,000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn'tworkin

summer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithairconditioning.Asautumn

conies,shegetsrestlessthesameoldwanderlustreturning.It'sacallshemusthandlealone,though.Merebeth

says,"WhcnI'montheroad.I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeel

stronglythatImusthelpanimals."

21.WhydidMerebethchangeherjob?

A.Shswantedtoworknearherhome.

B.Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.

C.HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.

D.Hcrformeremployerwasoutofbusiness.

23.WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?

A.Sh?haschancestoseerareanimals.

B.Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.

C.Shereliesonherselfthewholetime.

D.Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.

第21题细节事实题。根据文章第一段第三、四句--Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.可知原

先公司破厂导致要找份新工作。与D选项意思一致。故答案选D。

第23题细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数她自己说的话：WhenIamon(heroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I've

alwaysbeenindependenl-spiriled.可知，当她在路上的时候，就只依靠自己。她总是非常独立。故答案选C。

2021年6月北京卷

Irememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutoursemesterprojectof

volunteeringatanon-profitorganization.Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthat

neededourhelp,mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC).Myfirstimpressionoftheorganization

wasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind.

Then,anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails,whichsomewhatinterestedme.Afterdoingsome

research,Ibelievedthatwccouldreallydosomethingforthosekids.WhenIwentonlinetotheOICwebsite,I

sawpicturesoftheIraqichildren.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair(绝望)

andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible,

andmakethemintokits-onekit,onechild.

Themostrewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday,whenall(heeffortsweputintocollecting(he

itemsfinallycametogether.WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected,ithitmethateverykitwewere

tobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild.Overthepastfourmonths,Ihadnever

imaginedhowIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits,IrealizedthatIhadlost

sightofthetruemeaningbehindit.IhadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneI

wantedtogetagoodgradeon.Whenthekitswerecompleted,andreadytobesentoverseas,thewarmfeelingI

hadwasoneIwouldneverforget.

Inthebeginning,Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson.Nowthatourprojectis

over,IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife,butten.Withourefforts,tenyoungboysandgirlswillnow

beabletofurthertheireducation.

1.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoining(heOICprojectinthebeginning?

A.Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.

B.Rwouldinvolve(ravelingoverseas.

C.Itwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade.

DJtwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.

2.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject?

A.ImagesofIraqichildren.

B.Researchbyhis/herclassmates.

C.Ateacher'sintroduction.

D.Arepresentative'scomments.

3.Theauthor'sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento.

A.becomeOICvolunteers

B.furthertheireducation

C.studyinforeigncountries

□.influenceotherchildren

本文是一篇故事类记叙文，主要讲的是作者加入了一个帮助伊拉克儿童的组织（OIC）,开始感到不会达到他/她

的期望，后来看到伊拉克儿童的照片，作者亳不犹豫地加入这个项目，并且为这些孩子收集尽可能多的学习用

品，帮助他们继续接受教育。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Myfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofa

differencewiththeplansIhadinmind.（我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计戈U产生足够的影响。）

可知作者开始感到加入OIC不会达到他/她的期望。故选D.

2细节题。结合第二段中的WhenIwentonline（otheOICwebsite.IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren.Theirfaces

weresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair（绝望）andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation.We

decidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible,andmakethemintokits-onekit,onechild.（当我上网访问伊

斯兰会议组织的网站时，我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸是如此有力地传达了他们的绝望和需要，所以

我亳不犹豫地加入了这个项目。我们决定收集尽可能多的学习用品，把它们做成套件，一个套件，一个孩子。）

可推出伊拉克儿童的形象主要帮助作者改变了对这个项目的态度，结合选项，故选A.

3细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Wiihoulefforts,tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation.

（在我们的努力下，10名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知作者的OIC项目组将帮助10名伊拉克儿

童继续他们的教育，结合选项，故选B。

2021年6月新高考2卷B篇

]haveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZoo,Parisfor11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercubsthathave

everbeenbornhere.Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethem

round-thc-clockcareathome.

I'vegottwochildren-theyoungerone,Kynan,wasextremelyhappyaboutthetigersarriving-butallofusreally

lookedforwardtobeingpartoftheirlivesandwatchingthemgrow.Iwasn'tworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhome

withmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.Theyweighedabout2.5kgandweresosmallthattherewasabsolutelynorisk.

As(heygrewmoremobile,welet(hemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduring(heday,butwhenwewereasleepwe

hadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.We'dcomeclowninthemomingtofindthey'd

turnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.

Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.Thereweresome

toughtimesand1justfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratefulthatmyfamilywastheretohelp.Wchadtchaveabitofa

productionlinegoing,makingup“tigermilk”,washingbabybottles,andcleaningthefloors.

WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewit

reallywastimeforthem(ogo.1(washardforustofinallypartwithihem.Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabit

disappointedthatthecubsweren'tthere.

I'mnotsadaboutit.I'mhands-onwiththemeverydayatthezoo,andIdolookbackveryfondlyonthetimethatwe

hadthem.

4.Whydidtheauthorbringthetigercubshome?

A.Toensuretheirsurvival.B.Toobservetheirdifferences.

C.Toteachthemlifeskills.I).Toletthemplaywithhiskids.

7.WhydidtheauthordecidetosendSpotandStripebacktothezoo?

A.Theyfrightenedthechildren.B.Theybecamedifficulttocontain.

C.Theyannoyedtheneighbours.D.Theystartedfightingeachother.

[4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzcosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogive

themround-the-clockcareathome.(在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我

决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为「确保他们的存活。故选A。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第一.段中"WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,(heywerelearninghowtoopendoors

andjumpfences,andwcknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.(当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如

何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot和Slripe送回动物园是因为他们变

得难以控制。故选B。

|2021年6月新高考2卷D篇

AnAustralianprofessorisdevelopingarobottomonitor(hehealthofgrazingcattle,adevelopmentthatcouldbring

bigchangestoaprofessionthatsreliedlargelyonalow-techapproachfordecadesbutisfacingalaborshortage.

SalahSukkarieh.aprofessorat(heUniversityofSydney,seesrobotsasnecessarygivenhowcattlemenareaging.He

isbuildingafour-wheeledrobotthatwillrunonsolarandelectricpower.Itwillusecamerasandsensorstomonitorthe

animals.Acomputersystemwillanalyzethevideotodeterminewhetheracowissick.Radiotags(标签)ontheanimals

willmeasuretemperaturechanges.Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoringtheshape,colorandtexlure(质

地)ofgrass.Thatway,cattlemenwillknowwhethertheyneedtomovetheircattle(oanotherfieldfornutritionpurposes.

Machineshavelargelytakenoverplanting,wateringandharvestingcropssuchascomandwheat,butthe

monitoringofcattlehasgonethroughfewerchanges.

ForTexascattlemanPeteBonds,it'sincreasinglydifficult(ofindworkersinterestedinwatchingcattle.ButBonds

doesn'tbelievearobotisrightforthejob.Yearsofexperienceintheindustry-andfailedattemptstousetechnology-

haveconvincedhimthatthebestwaytocheckcattleiswithamanonahorse.Bonds,whoboughthisfirstcattlealmost50

yearsago,stillhaseachofhiscowboysinspect300or400cattledailyandlookforsignsthatananimalisgettingsick.

Othercattlemenseemorepromiseinrobots.MichaelKelseyParis,vicepresidentoftheOklahomaCattlemen's

Association,saidarobotcouldbeex:remelyusefulgivenrisingconcernsaboutcattletheft.Cattletendtobekeptin

remoteplacesand(heirvaluehasrisen,makingthemappealingtargets.

12.Whatisaproblemwith(hecattle-raisingindustry?

A.Soilpollution.B.Lackofworkers.

C.Agingmachines.D.Lowprofitability.

13.WhatwillSukkarich'srobotbeabletodo?

A.Monitorthequalityofgrass.B.Curethediseasedcattle.

C.Movecattletoanotherfield.D.Predictweatherchanges.

14.WhydoesPeteBondsstillhirecowboystowatchcattle?

A.Hewantstohelpthemearnaliving.B.Hethinksmencandothejobbetter.

C.Heisinexperiencedinusingrobots.D.Heenjoysthetraditionalwayoflife.

15.HowmayrobotshelpwithcattlewatchingaccordingtoMichaelKelsey?

A.Increasethevalueofcattle.B.Bringdo认nthecostoflabor.

C.Makethejobmoreappealing.D.Keepcattlefrombeingstolen.

【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D

【解圻】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛健康状况。

【12题详解】

细节理.解题。根据文章第一段“AnAustralianprofessorisdevelopingarobottomonitorthehealthofgrazingcattle,a

developmentthatcouldbringbigchangestoaprofessionthat'sreliedlargelyonalow-techapproachfbrdecadesbutis

facingalaborshonage.（澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛的健康状况，这•开发可能会

给畜牧业带来重大变化。几十年来，畜牧业主要依靠低技术手段，但目前正面临劳动力短缺的问题。）”可知，

畜牧产业面临劳动力短缺的问题。故选B.

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段，Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoringtheshape,colorandtexture（质

地）ofgrass.（通过监测草的形状、颜色和质地来跟踪草地的质量。）“可知，Sukkarieh的机器人可以监测草的质

量。故选A。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ButBondsdoesn'tbelievearobotisrightfor（hejob.Yearsofexperienceintheindustry

-andfailedattemptstousetechnology-haveconvincedhimthatthehestwaytocheckcattleiswithamanonahorse.

（但邦兹认为机器人并不适合这份工作.多年的行业经验——以及使用技术的失败尝试——使他确信，检查牛

的最好方法是让一名男子骑在马上。）“可知，皮特・邦兹仍然雇佣牛仔看牛是因为他认为人能做得更好。故选Bo

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章最后一段'MichaelKelseyParis,vicepresidentoftheOklahomaCattlemen'sAssociation,saida

robotcouldbeextremelyusefulgivenrisingconcernsaboutcattletheft.（俄克拉荷马州养牛人协会副会长迈克尔•凯

尔西・帕里斯说，鉴于人们对偷牛的担忧不断上升，机器人可能会非常有用Q”可知，机器人帮助照看牛，可以

防止牛被偷。故选D。

2021年6月全国甲卷C篇

V/henIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.

Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,

Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.

Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashing

ofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.1lovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wcspokeourownlanguage.

Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrick

onthebeam（横杆）,Ifellontothe丈ones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,

man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedIhetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:"Safe!Safe!

Safe!'Andthat'swhatmattered-landingtricks,beingagoodskater.

WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarless

welcoming.Withinacoupleofyears.I'dgivenitup.

V/henIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I've

traveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear;touristsandLondoners

stoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothe

beam.Thenarail-thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT-shirt,skidded（滑〕uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemed

nottcnoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances."!wasalocalhere20yearsago,"1toldhim.

Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead."Safe,man.Safe/'

"Yeah,MIsaid?4Safe."

3.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?

A.Tojointheskateboarding.

B.Tbmakenewfriends.

C.Tblearnnewtricks.

D.Torelievehischildhooddays.

3细节理解题。根据题干关键词"whenhereturnedtoLondon"定位在原文第四段"WhenIreturnedtoLondonin

2（X）4.1foundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.当我2（X）4年回到伦敦时，我发现自己在

南岸漫步，在那里呆了几个小时。”所以这里是漫步，重温童年时光。故选D项。

2021年3月天津卷B篇

Aboutfiveweeksago,Inoticedtheskinofourpellizard（蜥蜴）wasgrowingdusty.Itworriedme.Ireportedthe

strangesurfaceontheskinofthelizardtomyhusbandandchildrenthenextmorning.Secondslater,ourlizardemerged

fromitstankwithitsoldskinflowingbehindit.

Ididn'tthinkaboutitmuchuntilamorninglastweekwhenIknockedmyfavoriteteapotoffthetable.Itburstinto

hundredsofpieces.AsIsweptupthemess,Iwonderedwhyweh<idbeenbreakingsumanythingsovertheinonllis.

Thedestructionstartedthreemonthsago.Itwasmyhusband'sbirthday.Hehadjustlosthisjob.Theuncertainty

wasstartingtowearonus,soIwantectodosomethingspecial.

"Let'smakeacakeforDad!"Icried.

Mykidsscreamedwithjoy.Webaked,icedandsprinkledformostoftheday.Candlesonthecake!Balloonson（he

walls；Flowersonthetable!

Twohoursbeforemyhusbandcamebackhomefromanotherjobinterview,mydaughterclimbeduptograbaglass

vasefromahighshelf.Itfellandcrashedbesidethecake.Tinypiecesofglasswereeverywhere.ShesobbedloudlyasI

threwthecakeaway.Myhusbandhadbananapuddingforhisbirthday.

Threedaysago,thelightinourlivingroomsuddenlywentout.Afterseveralfrustratinghoursofunsuccessful

attemptstofixit,myhusbandsuggestedwatchingtheMichaelJordandocumentary（Z己录片）seriesTheLastDance.

Thepoignancy（酸楚）ofJordanretiringfromhisbelovedbasketballtoplaybaseballandwhathadpushedhimto

makesuchatoughdecisiontookmebysurprise.AsIwatchedhimtakeoffhisbasketballuniformandreplaceitwitha

baseballuniform,IsawhimleavingbehindIhelayerthatnolongerservedhim,justasourlizardhad.Neitherofthem

chosethemomentthathadtransformedthem.Buttheyhadtolivewithwhotheywereaftereverythingwasdifferent.

Justlikeus.Irealizedthatwehave（olearntoleavethepastbehind.

Humansdonotshedskin（蜕皮）aseasilyasotheranimals.Thebeginningofchangeisupsetting.Theprocessis

tiring.Damagechangesusbeforeweareready.Iseeourlizard,rawandnearlynew.

Jordansaidthatnomatterhowitends,itstartswithhope.Withourtender,hopefulskin,thatiswherewebegin.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepetlizardfromParagraph1?

Altstankgrewdirty.

B.Itsoldskincameoff.

C.Itgotaskindisease.

D.Ilv/enimissing.

2.Whydidtheauthor'shusbandhavebananapuddingforhisbirthday?

A.Thebirthdaycakewasruined.

B.Thcauthormadegoodpuddings.

C.Puddingwashisfavoritedessert.

D.Theycouldn'taffordabirthdaycake.

3.WhydoestheauthormentionTheLastDanceinthepassage?

A.Toproveatheory.

B.Todefineaconcept.

C.Todevelopthetheme.

D.Toprovidethebackground.

【解析】

文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者的丈夫刚刚丢了工作，这种不确定性开始影响到家人，直到作者

看到家里的宠物蜥蜴换皮和观看了MichaelJordan的纪录片《最后的舞蹈》后，领悟到我们必缜学会把过去抛

在脑后，像蜥蜴一样，用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，作为人生的起点。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句"Ireportedthestrangesurfaceontheskinofthelizardtomyhusbandand

childrenthenextmorning.Secondslater,ourlizardemergedfromitstankwithitsoldskinflowingbehindit.（第二天

早上，我向丈夫和孩子们报告了蜥蜴皮肤上奇怪的表面。几秒钟后，我们的蜥蜴从水箱里出来，旧皮肤蜕了下

来）"可知，宠物蜥蜴旧的皮肤脱落了。故选：Be

2.细节理解题。根据第六段"Twohoursbeforemyhusbandcamebackhomefromanotherjobinterview,mydaughter

climbeduptograbaglassvasefromahighshelf...Myhusbandhadbananapuddingfbrhisbirthday.（就在我丈夫参力口

另一场工作面试回家前两个小时，我女儿爬到一个高高的架子上，抓起一个玻璃花瓶。它掉下来摔碎在蛋糕旁

边。到处都是细小的玻璃碎片。我把蛋糕扔掉时，她大声抽泣。我丈夫生日吃了香蕉布丁）"可知，作者的丈

夫过生日吃了香蕉布丁是因为生日蛋糕毁了。故选：Ao

3.细节理解题根据倒数第三段"Thepoignancy（酸楚）ofJordanretiringfromhisbelovedbasketballtoplay

baseballandwhathadpushedhimtomakesuchatoughdecisiontookmebysurprise....Neitherofthemchosethe

momentthathadtransformedthem....Justlikeus.Irealizedthatwehavetolearntoleavethepastbehind.（Jordan从

心爱的篮球退役，转而打棒球，这是多么令人痛心的事情，是什么促使他做出如此艰难的决定，让我感到惊讶。

当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。他们

都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一-样。我意识到

我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后）"以及最后一段"Jordansaidthatnomatterhowitends,itstartswithhope.With

ourtender,hopefulskin,thatiswherewebegin.（Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、

充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点）”可推知，作者在文章中提到TheLastDance是为了展开文章关于放手过

去，重新开始的主题。故选：Co

|2021年3月天津卷D篇____________________________________________________________________________

Thereissomethingtobesaidforbeingageneralist,evenifyouareaspecialist.Knowingalittleaboutalotof

thingsthatinterestyoucanaddtotherichnessofawhole,well-livedlife.

Societypushesustospecialize,tobecomeexperts.Thisrequirescommitmenttoaparticularoccupation,branchof

studyorresearch.Thedrawbacktobeingspecialistsisweoftencometoknowmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.

Thereisagreatdealofpressureiomasterone'sfield.Youmaypjrsuetraining,degrees,orincreasinglevelsof

responsibilityatwork.Thenyoudiscoverthepressureofhavingtokeepup.

Somepeopleseemwillingtoworkaroundtheclockintheirnarrowspecialty.Butsuchcommitmentcanalso

weakenasenseoffreedom.Thesespecialistscouldworkattheofficeuntilteneachnight,thenlookbackandrealize

theywouldhavelovedtohavegonehomeandenjoyedthesweetnessoftheirfamilyandfriends,ortraveledtoexciting

places,meetinginterestingpeople.Masteringonethingtotheexclusion（排除）ofotherscanholdbackyourtruespirit.

Generalists,ontheotherhand,knowalotaboutawiderangeofsubjectsandviewthewholewith