北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年度第一学期期未英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年度第一学期期未英语第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。YesterdayIwasflyinghomeafteraweekaway.We____1____ourflightandleftontime,butwhenwereachedthedestination,weweretoldthepilotswereflyingustoasmallerairportbecauseofbadweather.Whenwedeplaned,Ifiguredoutitwasmore-than-oneplanethathadbeendiverted(改变航线).Everybodywas____2____wheretheydidn’twanttobe.Peoplewerealltryingtogetonthefewflightsleavingthatevening.Ikeptcheckingmyphone,onlytodiscoverIhadbeenrebookedonaflight.Yay!Irantothenewgate,choseaseat,andscarfedmysnackssinceIhadn’teatenlunch.Soon,myrowwas____3____bya20-somethingwomaninthemiddle.She____4____aconversation,andsaidthatshefelt___5___becauseshehadatightconnectingflight.Ifshe____6____it,she’dstayovernightintheairport.Nothavingeatenallday,sheaskediftherewouldbeanywheretobuyfoodwhenwearrivedat9:45p.m.Itoldhermanyplaceswouldn’tbeopenthatlate.Then,Ihandedhertworicebars,____7____shedidn’tfindfoodbeforehernextflight.Shewas____8____,holdingthesnackswithhervoiceshakingalittle.“Really?Whatareyougoingtoeat?”ItoldherI’dbehomeanhourafterwelandedandIalreadyknewdinnerwouldbe____9____.Butshecouldbetravelingallnight.Thecrewturnedthelightsoffinthecabin,andI____10____listenedtothebarscrunching(嘎吱地嚼)forminutes.SheneededthemalotmorethanIdid!Andyes,whenIgothomeacoupleofhourslater,therewasabowlofwarmnoodlesforme.1.A.changed B.delayed C.boarded D.canceled2.A.stuck B.dragged C.hidden D.invited3.A.visited B.joined C.blocked D.reserved4.A.cutin B.brokeoff C.keptup D.struckup5.A.bored B.shocked C.worried D.confused6.A.lost B.made C.found D.missed7.A.evenif B.asthough C.sothat D.incase8.A.inspired B.touched C.satisfied D.interested9.A.wasted B.packed C.waiting D.cooling10.A.happily B.curiously C.confidently D.gratefully第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A语法填空。OnOctober1,JaneGoodallpassedaway____11____(natural)attheageof91.Shewasfamousforbeingthefirsttoobservechimpanzeesusetoolstocatchtermites(白蚁)inTanzania.From1985onwards,shecampaignedtirelessly____12____(protect)chimpanzees’habitats,whichmadeheralegendaryfigurewhosestoryfeaturesinChinesetextbooks.Besides,sheinspiredgenerationstocarefornature,____13____(prove)oneperson’spassionandperseverancecandrivemeaningfulchangefortheplanet.B语法填空Althoughpositiveenergyissometimesviewedasanabstractidea,itcanbeapproachedfromvariousperspectives.Spiritually,positiveenergyisoftenassociatedwithinnerpeace.Scientifically,energycanbemeasured____14____brainwavesandstresshormones.Sofar,research____15____(show)ourmentalstatesdirectlyinfluenceouremotion.So,focusingonpositiveenergy,wefosterageneralsenseofwell-being.Environmentalsomatters.Choosingtheveryenvironment____16____offerscalmnessandinspiration,youcansignificantlyimproveyourenergylevels.C语法填空。Scientistsfoundtheoldestandmostcompletesetoffossilsofadome-headed(圆顶头)dinosaur____17____(call)apachycephalosaur.Pachycephalosaurswereplant-eatingdinosaursknownfortheirthickdomes.Thefossils____18____(discover)inMongoliain2019.Theyincludeacompleteskull,whosedomewasfullygrown,suggestingthatthecreatureslikelypractisedhead-hittingbeforematurity.Thesample,whichisbetween108millionand115millionyearsold,____19____(represent)anewspeciesandcanthrowlighton____20____thesecreaturesdeveloped.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)AThePlantaformIndoorGardenisa26-inch-tallegg-shapedsmartgardenthatmakesgrowingfresh,organicvegetablessimple,allyearround.Withnoneedforsunlightorsoil,justaddwaterandnutrients,andthesystem’sautonomousfeaturestakecareoftherest—monitoringwaterlevels,temperature,andlighting,ensuringfreshfoodforhomewithlittleeffort.HowdoesthePlantaformwork?NutrientAbsorption:Bycreatinganutrient-richfogfromwaterandnutrients,thesystemdeliversessentialnutritiondirectlytotheplants’roots,resultinginhealthierandfaster-growingplants.Built-inTechnology:ThePlantaformisequippedwithsensorsthatmonitorkeyenvironmentalfactorssuchastemperature,fanspeed,andlightlevels.ThesmartLEDlightsinitcanimitate(模仿)naturalsunlight,ensuringyourplantsreceiveconsistentlightingevenduringthedarkestwintermonths,regardlessofoutdoorconditions.App-controlled:YoucanmanageasmanyPlantaformIndoorGardensasyouwishfromthesamePlantaformAccount.Whetherathomeorinaworkplace,youcancontrolallyourgardensconvenientlywithintheapp,andreceivetailorednotifications:whenit’stimetoremovetheprotectivecovertoallowyouryoungplantstogrowintheopenair.whenit’stimetorefillthewatertanks,ensuringyourplantsalwayshaveenoughwater.whenyourplantsarereadytobeharvested,soyoucanenjoyfreshproduceatitspeak.whenit’stimetorunaQuickCleaningCycleaftereachgrowthcycleends.Ifyouhavefurtherquestions,pleasefeelfreetoreachouttousatsupport@.We’reheretohelpyougrowwithconfidenceandsuccess!21.WiththePlantaform,userscan.A.operateasoil-basedgardenB.plantvegetablesonceayearC.harvestfoodwithhardworkD.growplantswithoutsunlight22.HowdoesthePlantaformwork?A.Itsendsnutritiontotheplants’roots.B.Itadjustslightingtooutdoorconditions.C.Itexaminestheplants’healthwithsensors.D.Itrequiresseparateaccountsforeachgarden.23.ThePlantaformappwillsendanotificationwhen.A.thewatertankistoofullB.theproduceisperfectlyripeC.aQuickCleaningCycleendsD.thegardenneedsmovingoutsideBLikemanyparents,wecanonlyputoffourkids’askingforadogsolonguntilwefinallygivein.Lastfallwelookedthroughdog-rescuewebsitesand,beforelong,adoptedEtti,aspottedDalmatian:ItwasroughatfirstbecausealthoughEttiisasweet,lovingdogwithus,she’shighlyreactivetoanythingelsethatmoves:people,dogs,cats,etc.Thankfully,we’vefoundanexcellenttrainer.OnachallengingtrainingsessionduringwhichIbecamefrustrated,hesaid:“Sir,youdon’tgetthedogyouwant.Yougetthedogyouneed.”Irememberthinkingtomyself,“Need?DoIreallyneedananxious,high-strungDalmatian?”Infact,thelastthingIneededwasmorestressinmyalreadystress-filledlife.Yet,overtime,I’vecometoappreciatethewisdomofthisexpression.WhenItookEttionawalktheotherday,mywholebodytensedup,scanningtheenvironmentforpossibledanger.Anunsuspectingpasser-bycrossedthestreettowardusandEttibarkedloudly.Isaidtoher,“You’resoworkeduptoday,Etti.What’sgoingon?”AndthenithitmethatthroughoutourwalkI’dbeentheonewhowastenseandworriedaboutthedayahead.Intheend,maybeEttiwasjustactingoutwhatIwasfeeling,servingasagoodreminderthatIneedtopayattentiontomymoodsandhowtheyaffectthose—bothdogsandhumans—aroundme.AnothernotablethingaboutEttiistheeasewithwhichsheshiftsfromonemoodtothenext.Ettidoesn’tkeepthinkingaboutwhathappenedlastweek,yesterday,oreventwominutesago.Eachmomentforherisanew“now”.Thisisn’ttosaythatshe’snotaffectedbyherpast.Ettiisarescuesowhoknowswhatshehadtodealwithinherpreviouslife.However,shedoesnotletitdragherdownanddeterminewhatcomesnext,unlikemostofushumans.WhenwewereconsideringadoptingEttilastfall,wereadthroughherdescriptionontherescuesiteandgotagoodlaughatthestatementthatshewouldneedhelp“beingthebestdogshecanbe.”Yet,wehadneverthoughtthatshewasactuallytheonethatguidedustobethebetterhumans.24.WhatbotheredtheauthorshortlyafteradoptingEtti?A.Etti’shistoryasarescue.B.Etti’ssensitivitytomovingthings.C.Etti’sneedforprofessionaltraining.D.Etti’sinabilitytogetalongwiththefamily.25.Howdidtheauthorfeeluponhearingthetrainer’swords?A.Empowered. B.Hopeless.C.Appreciative. D.Unconvinced.26.WhatdoesthestorytellusaboutEtti?A.Shegotmoodyeasilyafterreceivingtraining.B.Sheremindedherownertocareaboutothers.C.Shemirroredherowner’sinneremotionalstate.D.Shewasfreefromtheimpactofherpastexperience.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Everydoghasitsday.B.Loveme,lovemydog.C.Misfortunebetterscharacter.D.Withunexpectedwisdom,werise.CWhat’sthefirstthingyounoticewhenyoustepintoamuseum?Isitthelong-fadedcolorsofancientobjectsfromallaroundtheworldorthewhisperedsoundsofvisitorsdiscussingwhattheysee?Museumsallowustoindirectly“experience”thepastbytappingintoourprimarysenses,suchassightorhearing,butmoreoftenthannot,smellismissing.Wedon’tthinkaboutsmellwhenstudyingthepast.Oneoftheproblemsisthatitisincrediblyhardtostudy.Thescents(香味)andsmellshadalreadybeengonebeforearchaeologists(考古学家)couldcomeandstudythesites.“Newchemicalandbiomolecular(生物分子)methodsinarchaeologyhavekindofreopenedthedoortocontinuetostudythesethings.Ofcourse,whatwehavefromancienttextscanalsohelpalot,”saysBarbaraHuber,anarchaeochemistfromGermany.“Whenwedofindallthesedetails,theycanenrichourunderstandingofalotofaspectsofpastwaysoflife,includingmedicine,tradeandsocialstatus.”Inthestudyofancientmaterials,thestudyoftradeandtheincenseroadwasalwaysaninterestingpointforresearchers.Buttheproblemisthattheincenseroadwasoftenlookedatfromtheperspectiveofclassicalscholars—namelytextsfromancientGreeceorancientRome.Fromtheverybeginning,thestoryoftheincenseroadwastoldbyoutsiders,whowerealsonotcontemporary.“Wedon’thaveanyevidencefromtheearlierperiods,theIronAgeandtheBronzeAgeinancientArabia,”Hubersays.“Soitwasveryinterestingtotrackdownmolecularremainsthatcantellusalotaboutancientmaterials.Inonecasestudy,HuberandherteamlookedatthecontentofincenseburnersandfoundPeganum—amedicinalandpsychoactiveplant.Theyrealizedthatintheseincenseburners,specifically,peopleactuallyuseditformedicinalorpsychoactivepurposes.Thiswasinterestingbecausethepracticeofincenseburningseemstonotonlybesensorialbutalsohavethismedicinalcomponent.Thestudyrevealedsomethingwherewehadabsolutelynoidea:medicinalpracticesinancientArabia.We,allofasudden,hadanideaofhowpeopleusedtheirlocalpharmacopoeia—thedocumentofmedicinalingredientsissuedbythegovernmentfortreatingillnesses;inthiscase,theyburnedPeganumandthenprobablybreathedthesmoke—notjustappliedittotheskinordrankit.Thepracticeofburningincenseisstillpartofpeople’slivestoday,butitgoesallthewayback.Andifwefollowittotherootsofwhereitbegan,historyisn’tsomethingthatweonlysee.28.WhydoestheauthorraisetwoquestionsinParagraph1?A.Tostressaprejudice.B.Tocomparephenomena.C.Torevealalimitation.D.Tointroduceanexperience.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Incenseremainshelpedidentifyancientmedicinalpractices.B.Sensorialpurposesofincenseburningusedtobeoverlooked.C.Theuseofmedicinalincenseneededapprovalfromgovernment.D.Thetradeontheincenseroadwaswitnessedbyclassicalscholars.30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Whysmellsareabsentwhenwestudythepast.B.Howarchaeologistsscentoutsmellsofthepast.C.Howwecanbringlong-lostsmellsintomodernlife.D.Whychallengesariseinthestudyofhistoricalsmells.DNearly2millionyearsago,oneofourancestorsdevelopedbonecancerintheirfoot.Thefateofthisindividualisunknown,butthefossilisedremainsleavenodoubtthatcancerhasbeenapartofourstoryforaverylongtime.Butthesecancercellsweren’ttheonlyinternalthreatourancestorsfaced.Theirsurvivalwasalsothreatenedbyindividualsattemptingtounderminethegroup.Attheheartofthestoryisthisquestion:ishumannatureselfishoraltruistic,competitiveorcooperative?Theanswerhasprofoundimplicationsforhowweaimtostructuresociety.Ifwearebornaltruists,theninstitutionsareunnecessary.Butifselfishnessdominates,strongcontrolisessential.Inthelanguageofevolutionarybiology,wehaveacooperationdilemma:therearesituationswhereitisinourinterest,toworkwithothers,andtherearesituationswhereitisnot.Asaresult,visiblerivalry(竞争)wasreplacedbywhatIcall“invisiblerivalry”—theabilitytohideselfish,competitiveintentionswhilemaintainingtheappearanceofacooperativenature.Inotherwords,weevolvedtocompeteinacooperativeworld.Thisiswheretheanalogy(类比)withcancerarises.Humanity’slonghistoryoflivingwiththediseasemeanswehaveevolvedbiologicalmechanismstoreducetheriskitposes.Manyreactionsatthecellularlevelevolvedtohelpourbodiesfightoffcancers.Itisthisstrongimmunesystemthatexplainswhy,althoughwearefrequentlyexposedtoviruses,theseoftendon’tleadtoillness.Similarly,thethreatstooursocialgroupsposedbytheevolutionofinvisiblerivalryledustodeveloppracticesandinstitutionstomaximizecooperation.Icallthisourculturalimmunesystem.However,justascancersfindwaystoescapefromourimmunesystems,someindividualsusetheirintelligencetodestabilizethegroup’ssocialnormsfortheirownbenefit.Tofighttheenemy,wecanboosttheculturalimmunesystem,muchlikehowwecanimproveourbiologicalimmunesystemsthroughhealthylifestylesandvaccination.Butthisisn’tgoingtohappenuntilwefirstrecognizetheproblemthatinvisiblerivalryposes.Inmyview,thebestwayisthrougheducation.Weareallpartoftheculturalimmunesystem.Ifweunderstandourevolutionaryheritage,wewillbeopen-eyedtothedangerthatfreeloadersposetosocietyandplaceourtrustmoreclear-sightedly—muchasthebody’sdefencesystemlearnstorecognizetheagentsassociatedwithcancerstodealwiththem.Wemustworktogethertostayonestepaheadofhumanity’sopportunisticnature.Withoutbeliefs,normsandaproperunderstandingofhumannature,weareatthemercyofourselfishbiologicalheritage.Evolutionhasmadeusthiswaybutwecanlearntoovercomeit.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruistic”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Far-sighted. B.Humane.C.Self-interested. D.Adaptable.32.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheculturalimmunesystem?A.Itcontributestohumanity’scompetitivenessB.Humandishonestyissaidtobeitsbyproduct.C.Internalthreatsinsocietycannotescapefromit.D.Itcanbeimprovedthroughenhancingcooperation.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theminority’sselfishnessdoesn’tmeancancersforsocietyB.Itishardtomaintaintheappearanceofacooperativenature.C.WeneedagreeonthefactthatinvisiblerivalrybringsharmD.Thestabilityofsocietyliesinhumanity’sopportunisticnature.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheCureforSocialIllsB.TheMercyofHumanityC.TheValueinInstitutionsD.TheRootofInvisibleRivalry第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)Formostofus,frisson,anintenseemotionalpleasureaccompaniedbytearsandgoosebumps(鸡皮疙瘩),issomethingthathappensunexpectedlyandrarely.Butwhatiftherewasawayyoucouldexperiencethisfeelingmore?Theanswermaylieintheartof”slowlooking“.Slowlookingistheactofobservinganartworkforanextendedperiodoftime.Thatcouldbeanuninterruptedfiveminutes,anhour,orevenanentireday.____35____However,slowlookingextendsbeyondagallerysetting.It’ssimilartomeditation(冥想),butit’snotlimitedtokeepingusfocusedonthebreathandclosedeyes.____36____Inmanyways,itistheartofsimplynoticing,withoutdistractions,andwithoutgivingintotheurgetomakeita“productive”activity.Sohowtotryslowlooking?Itmighttakesometimetogetusedto.____37____.Whetherit’sobservingaworkofart,gardening,staringoutthewindowduringyournexttrainjourney,birdwatching,orpausingduringawoodlandwalktoobservetheplantlifearoundyou,therearecountlesswaystoslowlookeveryday.____38____Whenweslowdown,the“restanddigest”modeofournervoussystemrisesup.Thisrelaxationofmindcreatesspacefornewthoughtsandfeelingstosurface.Thisiswhenwemightstarttonoticesmallthingsinourenvironment.____39____Wesimplynotice.Webecomethewitness,causingasmallyetprofoundshiftthatsupportsreducedanxiety,andimprovedoverallwell-being.A.Slowlookingoffersvaluablementalbenefits.B.Butit’ssomethingwecouldstartaddingtoourdailylife.C.Certainkindsofartmaybebettersuitedforslowlookingthanothers.D.Expertsrecommendgoingtoanartexhibitionwhentherearefewerpeople.E.Itisbasedontheideathattounderstandanartwork,youneedtospendtimewithit.F.Instead,ittakesusoutintothesensoryworldinwhichlightshiftsandwindwhispers.G.Forexample,leavesdancinginthewindandthewingbeatsofabirdpassingoverheadrevealthemselves.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)任务型阅读Thinkaboutthetoughestperiodofyourlife.Thetimeyoufeltmostlost,mostchallenged,mostbroken.Itprobablyfeltlikeanimpassiblewall,adeadend.Butwhatifthatwallwasactuallyadoorway?Whatifthestruggleitselfwastheverythingyouneededtogrow?There’sabeautiful,ancientLatinphrasethatexpressesthisideaperfectly:AdAstraperAspera.Ittranslatesto”atoughroadleadstothestars,“anditisoneofthemostpowerfulandinspiringphilosophicalideaseverpackedintofourlittlewords.Thisphraseisn’tsomemodern,feel-goodstatement.It’sold.Reallyold.It’sbeenadoptedasamottobycountlessfamilies,cities,andevenusedbyspaceprograms,whichisbe