福建省三明市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省三明市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APhiladelphia,whereindependencetookshape,isn’tjustarelic.Itbreathes.ForthoseplanningatriptoPhiladelphia,it’sworthgivingittime.TopAttractionsIndependenceHallDownthere,youwalkinthefootstepsoftheFoundingFathers.It’stheveryplacewheretheDeclarationandConstitution(《独立宣言》)tookformin1776.Wornfloorboards,quietrooms,asenseofsomethingheldthere.PhiladelphiaMuseumofArtIthasalargecollectionandhighlights—likethestrangestillnessofthemedievalgalleries,thelightfallingonawallofImpressionists,andthebuildingitself—makeyourvisittrulyworthwhile.RodinMuseumOutsideofFrance,it’sthemostcompletespacedevotedtoRodin.You’reabletoseenotonlyfamiliarworks—TheThinker,TheBurghersofCalais—butalsopiecesseldomseen.Thegardennearbyaddsitsownquiet.FairmountParkCovering3,700hectares,itrunsalongtheSchuylkillRiver,offeringgreenspacetostopandbreathe.Youcanfindpicnictablespackedundertheoldtrees,experiencethePhiladelphiaZooinitsquietmorninghours,andadmirethefadedbutproudcolonialhousesthatlineKellyDrive.PracticalTipsforYourStayHowLongtoStay?Threeorfourdaysworks:1daytofollowhistory’sfootsteps,1forart,lightandshadow,1forexploringurbannatureandhalfaday,justtoeatslowly.WheretoStay?Itdependsonyourpreference.AccommodationintheCenterCitycanbeabitnoisy,buteverythingisclose.RittenhouseSquareisasofterandgreenerchoice.TheOldCity,withitsstonestreets,feelssteepedinhistory.1.Whatisamust-seeforafanofAmericanhistory?A.IndependenceHall. B.PhiladelphiaMuseumofArt.C.RodinMuseum. D.FairmountPark.2.What’stheadvantageoflivingintheCenterCity?A.Itispeaceful. B.Itoffersagreenspace.C.Itisconvenient. D.Itoffersstonestreets.3.Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanwereadthepassage?A.Nature. B.Travel. C.Culture. D.Economy.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了费城的顶级景点，包括独立厅、费城艺术博物馆、罗丹博物馆和费尔蒙特公园，还提供了在费城停留时长、住宿选择等实用建议，为计划前往费城旅行的人提供参考。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据IndependenceHall部分“Downthere,youwalkinthefootstepsoftheFoundingFathers.It’stheveryplacewheretheDeclarationandConstitution(《独立宣言》)tookformin1776.（在那里，你追寻着开国元勋们的足迹。1776年，《独立宣言》和《宪法》就是在这个地方形成的)”可知，对于美国历史爱好者来说，独立厅是必看景点。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据WheretoStay?部分“AccommodationintheCenterCitycanbeabitnoisy,buteverythingisclose.(中心城的住宿可能有点吵，但一切都很近)”可知，住在中心城的优势是很方便。故选C项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Philadelphia,whereindependencetookshape,isn’tjustarelic.Itbreathes.ForthoseplanningatriptoPhiladelphia,it’sworthgivingittime.(费城，这座见证独立诞生的城市，并非仅仅是历史的遗迹。它充满着生机活力。对于计划前往费城旅行的人而言，花些时间好好领略它是很值得的)”可知，文章主要介绍了费城的景点以及旅行实用建议，所以最有可能在杂志的“旅行”板块读到这篇文章。故选B项。BOnaThursdayeveninginMarch,EkibenRestaurantinBaltimoregotane-mailorderforbroccoli(西兰花)withfreshherbs.Buttherewasaspecialreasonbehindtheorder.BrandonJones,whosentthee-mail,explainedthathewashopingtogettherecipe(食谱)tomakeitforhismother,whowasnowinthefinalstagesoflungcanceratherhomeinVermont.SteveChu,aco-owneroftherestaurant,repliedquickly.Insteadofgivingtherecipe,heofferedtogotoVermonttocookthedishfresh.Brandonwasshocked.HeremindedStevethatVermontwasfaraway,butStevesaiditwasnoproblemaslongashegotthedateandplace.ThenextFridayafterwork,Steve,withhispartners,drovetoVermontwithahotplateandcookingsupplies.Assoonastheteampulledintotheparkinglot,theygottowork.Theypulleddownthegateofthetruck,hookedthehotplatetothetruck’selectricity,andstartedcooking.Inadditiontobroccoli,theyalsomadetofuandsomesteamedrice.Afterboxingeverythingup,theyknockedonthedoor.“Mymom,whohadvisitedBaltimoreeveryyearforsixyears,recognizedSteveimmediately,”Brandonsaid,“Shekeptsaying,‘Youdroveallthewayupheretocookforme?’”TheJonesesinvitedSteveandhisteamtojointhemfordinner,buttheyneededtogetbacktoBaltimore.Stevealsowouldn’tacceptanymoneyfromthefamily.“Itwasanhonortohelprealizethefamily’swishes,”Stevesaid.“Therewasalotofgood,positiveenergyindoingthis.”Brandonwashappythathismotherwasabletoenjoyherbelovedbroccoliwithasideorderofimpressivekindnessonelasttime.“I’llcarrythatkindnesswithmealways,”Brandonsaid.4.What’smentionedinthee-mail?A.Acancerreport. B.Acookingskill.C.Awish. D.Aninvitation.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hooked”inparagraph3mean?A.Connected. B.Added. C.Carried. D.Referred.6.HowdidBrandon’smotherfeelatSteveChu’sact?A.Confused. B.Annoyed. C.Disappointed. D.Unbelievable.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Kindness,Delivered B.Wish,UnderstoodC.AnUnforgettableDinner D.AHeartwarmingRecipe【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴尔的摩Ekiben餐厅收到BrandonJones的电子邮件订单，他希望得到西兰花鲜香草的食谱为患肺癌晚期的母亲制作这道菜，餐厅老板SteveChu没有给食谱，而是亲自驱车前往佛蒙特州为其母亲烹制这道菜，展现了温暖人心的善意。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“BrandonJones,whosentthee-mail,explainedthathewashopingtogettherecipe(食谱)tomakeitforhismother,whowasnowinthefinalstagesoflungcanceratherhomeinVermont.(发邮件的BrandonJones解释说，他希望得到这个食谱，为他在佛蒙特州家中处于肺癌晚期的母亲制作这道菜)”可知，邮件里提到了一个愿望。故选C项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Theypulleddownthegateofthetruck,hookedthehotplatetothetruck’selectricity,andstartedcooking.(他们放下卡车的门，把加热板hooked卡车的电源，然后开始做饭)”可知，要使用加热板做饭需要将其连接到电源上，“hooked”意思是“连接”。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段““Mymom,whohadvisitedBaltimoreeveryyearforsixyears,recognizedSteveimmediately,”Brandonsaid,“Shekeptsaying,‘Youdroveallthewayupheretocookforme?’”(Brandon说：“我妈妈六年来每年都会去巴尔的摩，她立刻认出了Steve。她不停地说：“你大老远开车到这儿来给我做饭？”)”可推知，Brandon的母亲对SteveChu的行为感到难以置信。故选D项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了巴尔的摩Ekiben餐厅收到BrandonJones的电子邮件订单，他希望得到西兰花鲜香草的食谱为患肺癌晚期的母亲制作这道菜，餐厅老板SteveChu没有给食谱，而是亲自驱车前往佛蒙特州为其母亲烹制这道菜，展现了温暖人心的善意。由此可知，A选项“善意，送达”能准确概括文章内容，为最佳标题。故选A项。CLanguageisnotjustatoolforcommunication;it’salsoaplaygroundforthemind.English,especially,isfamousforitsrichvocabularyandinfluencefrommanydifferentlanguages,whichprovidesagreatbasisforcreativityandhumor.Oneexampleofthisistheuseofpuns(双关语)—thecleverorhumoroususeofawordthathasmorethanonemeaning,orofwordsthathavedifferentmeaningsbutsoundthesame.Punscanbedividedintodifferenttypes.Homophonic(同音的)punsdependonwordpairsthatsoundalikebuthavedifferentmeanings,like“Abicyclecan’tstandonitsownbecauseit’stwo-tired.”Homographic(语义)punsusewordsthatarespelledthesamebuthavedifferentmeaningsandsometimesdifferentpronunciations,forexample,“Ican’tbeartheweightofthatbear.”Anothertypeofpunoftenjoinshomophonicandhomographic,creatingevenmoredifficultwordplay,forexample,“Iwasstrugglingtoworkouthowlightningworks,butthenitstruckme.”ThehistoryofpunsinEnglishliteratureandcultureisrichandinteresting.Theirdevelopmentshowshowlanguage,culture,andhumorhavechangedovertime.PunshavebeenapartofEnglishliteraturefromtheearlydays,appearingintextsfromtheMiddleAgesandShakespeare’splays,oftenusedforhumorortoexpressdoublemeanings.DuringtheVictorianEra,strictsocialstandardpromotedtheuseofpuns,astheyallowedpeopletocommentonissueswhileavoidingdirectness.Today,punsarewidelyusedinadvertising,television,andsocialmedia,showinghowEnglishwordplayadaptstodifferentcontextsandmedia.People’sopinionsofpunshavechangedthroughouthistory.Onceseenasasignofcleverness,punsweresometimesregardedaslow-levelhumor.However,inrecentyears,they’veregainedpopularity,largelyduetotheInternetandsocialmedia,whichallowforquicksharingandcreativityinpun-basedhumor.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutpunsfromparagraph1?A.Theylaythebasisforlanguage. B.TheyareonlyusedinEnglish.C.Theyarecreativeandhumorous. D.Theyallsoundthesame.9.Whichofthefollowingisahomographicpun?A.YoucancallabeefromAmericaaUSB.B.Sixisafraidofsevenbecausesevenatenine.C.Ionlyknow25lettersofthealphabet;Idon’tknowY.D.Idon’tshoulderalltheresponsibilitybecauseIdon’thaveanyshoulders.10.WhatwasthemainpurposeofusingpunsintheVictorianEra?A.Tobreakrulescompletely. B.Toexpressideasindirectly.C.Tospreadopinionsclearly. D.Topassmessagesquickly.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theriseandfallofpuns’popularity.B.Thechangesoflanguageinhistory.C.Theinfluenceofsocietyonmodernhumour.D.Therelationshipbetweenlanguageandsociety.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语双关语，包括其特点、类型，在英国文学和文化中的历史，以及人们对双关语看法的演变，展示了英语双关语作为语言智慧和幽默表达的独特魅力。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Oneexampleofthisistheuseofpuns(双关语)—thecleverorhumoroususeofawordthathasmorethanonemeaning,orofwordsthathavedifferentmeaningsbutsoundthesame.(其中一个例子就是双关语的使用——巧妙或幽默地使用一个有多种含义的单词，或者使用发音相同但含义不同的单词)”可知，双关语具有创造性和幽默感。故选C项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Homographic(语义)punsusewordsthatarespelledthesamebuthavedifferentmeaningsandsometimesdifferentpronunciations(语义双关使用拼写相同但含义不同，有时发音也不同的单词)”可知，D选项“Idon’tshoulderalltheresponsibilitybecauseIdon’thaveanyshoulders.”中，前一个“shoulder”是“承担”的意思，后一个“shoulders”是“肩膀”的意思，拼写相同但含义不同，属于语义双关。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“DuringtheVictorianEra,strictsocialstandardpromotedtheuseofpuns,astheyallowedpeopletocommentonissueswhileavoidingdirectness.(在维多利亚时代，严格的社会标准促进了双关语的使用，因为双关语允许人们在评论问题时避免直接表达)”可知，在维多利亚时代使用双关语的主要目的是间接表达想法。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“People’sopinionsofpunshavechangedthroughouthistory.Onceseenasasignofcleverness,punsweresometimesregardedaslow-levelhumor.However,inrecentyears,they’veregainedpopularity,largelyduetotheInternetandsocialmedia,whichallowforquicksharingandcreativityinpun-basedhumor.(纵观历史，人们对双关语的看法一直在变化。双关语曾被视作聪明才智的标志，但有时也被认为是低级幽默。然而近年来，它们再度流行起来，这在很大程度上要归功于互联网和社交媒体，它们使得基于双关语的幽默能够快速传播，并激发了相关的创意)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了人们对双关语的看法在历史上发生了变化，曾经被视为聪明的标志，后来有时被认为是低级幽默，近年来由于互联网和社交媒体又重新流行起来。由此可知，最后一段主要讲的是双关语受欢迎程度的起伏变化。故选A项。DBirdsinthecitystayupmuchlaterthanthoselivinginthecountryside,accordingtoresearchthatstressestheeffectoflightpollutiononwildlife.Thestudyshowedthatlightpollutioncausedbirdstosingforanaverageof50minuteslongereachday,withsomespecieswakingupanhourearlierandsettlingdownforthenightanhourlater.“Wewereshockedbyourfindings,”saidDrBrent,anassistantprofessoratSouthernIllinoisUniversityCarbondale.ThestudyusedrecordingsfromBirdWeather,acitizenscienceproject.Itcollectsusers’recordingsofbirdsintheirlocalareatoproduceagloballivelibraryofbirdsongandthenallowsuserstoidentifybirdsintheirgardensthroughAItools.Intotal,thescientistsstudied2.6millionobservationsofmorningbirdssoundand1.8millionofeveningbirdcalls,forhundredsofspecies.Thedatawasjoinedwithlightpollutionmeasurementsfromglobalsatellites.“BirdWeathermadeitpossibletostudybirdbehaviorsoveralargeareaandalongtime,”saidDrBrent.Theresultsshowedthatforbirdsinlight-pollutedareas,thewakingdaywaslengthenedby50minutesonaverage.Specieswithlargeeyes,relativetotheirbodysize,weremostaffectedbyman-madelight.“TheAmericanrobin,NorthernmockingbirdandEuropeangoldfinchalllengthenedtheirdaybymorethanaverage,”saidBrent.“Small-eyedspeciessuchassparrowsweren’taffectedasmuch.”Theeffectofalongerwakingdayforbirdswasnotyetclear,theresearcherssaid.“Weknowthatsleeplossisnotgoodforhumans,butbirdsaredifferent,”saidDrBrent.“Theyhavedevelopedinterestingstrategiestodealwithlossofsleepduringmigratory(迁徙)periods.”Thechangemessinguphowanimalsnaturallybehavewasworrying,DrBrentadded,althoughresearchshowed,insomespecies,thatman-madelightingmaygivethemmoretimetolookforfoodandfindpartnersandimprovethesurvivalrateofbabybirds.12.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectbirds?A.Itshortenstheirwakingday. B.Itmakesthemsinglouder.C.Itchangestheirbehavior. D.Itdamagestheirhabitat.13.Whichpartoftheresearchdoesparagraph2focuson?A.Itsprocess. B.Itsvalue.C.Itsapplication. D.Itslimitation.14.Whatkindofbirdsareaffectedmostbylightpollution?A.Small-eyedbirds. B.Large-eyedbirds.C.Birdsinthecity. D.Birdsinthecountryside.15.WhatdoesDrBrentthinkoftheman-madelighting?A.Itdoesmoregoodthanharm. B.Itbenefitsallspecies.C.Ithasnoeffectonhumans. D.Itshouldattractattention.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于光污染对鸟类影响的研究，研究表明光污染会改变鸟类行为，使它们的活动时间延长，大眼睛鸟类受影响最大，虽然人造光对鸟类有一定益处，但它扰乱动物自然行为的影响也令人担忧。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thestudyshowedthatlightpollutioncausedbirdstosingforanaverageof50minuteslongereachday,withsomespecieswakingupanhourearlierandsettlingdownforthenightanhourlater.(研究表明，光污染导致鸟类每天唱歌的时间平均延长50分钟，一些物种醒来的时间提前一小时，晚上休息的时间推迟一小时)”以及第四段“Thechangemessinguphowanimalsnaturallybehavewasworrying,DrBrentadded,althoughresearchshowed,insomespecies,thatman-madelightingmaygivethemmoretimetolookforfoodandfindpartnersandimprovethesurvivalrateofbabybirds.(布兰特博士补充说，尽管研究表明，在一些物种中，人工照明可能会给它们更多的时间来寻找食物和伴侣，并提高幼鸟的存活率，但这种改变打乱了动物的自然行为，这令人担忧)”可知，光污染改变了鸟类的行为。故选C项。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ThestudyusedrecordingsfromBirdWeather,acitizenscienceproject.Itcollectsusers’recordingsofbirdsintheirlocalareatoproduceagloballivelibraryofbirdsongandthenallowsuserstoidentifybirdsintheirgardensthroughAItools.Intotal,thescientistsstudied2.6millionobservationsofmorningbirdssoundand1.8millionofeveningbirdcalls,forhundredsofspecies.Thedatawasjoinedwithlightpollutionmeasurementsfromglobalsatellites.“BirdWeathermadeitpossibletostudybirdbehaviorsoveralargeareaandalongtime,”saidDrBrent.(这项研究使用了来自“鸟类天气”这一公民科学项目的录音。该项目收集用户在当地录制的鸟类声音，以建立一个全球鸟鸣实时库，然后用户可以通过人工智能工具识别自家花园里的鸟类。科学家总共研究了针对数百个鸟类物种的260万次晨鸣观测数据和180万次晚鸣观测数据。这些数据与全球卫星测量的光污染数据相结合。布伦特博士说：“‘鸟类天气’使大范围、长时间研究鸟类行为成为可能。”)”可知，这一段重点介绍的是研究过程。故选A项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Specieswithlargeeyes,relativetotheirbodysize,weremostaffectedbyman-madelight.(相对于体型而言，眼睛较大的物种受人造光的影响最大)”可知，大眼睛鸟类受光污染影响最大。故选B项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thechangemessinguphowanimalsnaturallybehavewasworrying,DrBrentadded,althoughresearchshowed,insomespecies,thatman-madelightingmaygivethemmoretimetolookforfoodandfindpartnersandimprovethesurvivalrateofbabybirds.(Brent博士补充说，这种扰乱动物自然行为的变化令人担忧，尽管研究表明，对于一些物种来说，人造光可能会给它们更多时间寻找食物和伴侣，并提高雏鸟的存活率)”可知，Brent博士认为人造光虽然对一些鸟类有好处，但它扰乱动物自然行为的影响令人担忧。由此推知，人造光应该引起关注。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou’veeverpulledanall-nighterorhadabadnightofsleep,youknowit’sdifficulttostayawakeinclasswhenyou’retired.Yourteacher’svoicemightbegintosoundlikeasongthatmakesyousleepy.____16____.Sitinthefrontoftheroom.You’llbemoreencouragedtostayawakeifyouknowthattheteachercanseeyou.Besides,it’llbeeasiertopayattentionwhenyou’reinfrontandcenterforthelecture.____17____.Thesoundoftheirvoicesmightkeepyouawake.Listenactivelytothelesson.Activelisteningisagreatwaytoforceyourselftostayawake.____18____.Toeffectivelylistentoyourteacher,youshouldtrytokeepeyecontact,paycloseattentiontowhatthespeakerissayingandaskquestionsduringabreakinthelecture.Drinksomecoldwater.Itcanhelpkeepyouawakeandaware.Cometoclasswithabottleofcoldwater.____19____.Also,havingenoughwaterinyourbodywillkeepyouawareandhelpyouavoidfeelingconfusedandtired.____20____.Suchactivitytellsyourbodythatit’snottimeforsleepjustyet.Walkaroundduringbreaks,gooutsideifyou’reallowedto,andgetyourbloodmovingtokeepaclearmind.Afteryoustopmoving,youmightfeeltiredagain,butitcanhelpforalittlebit.A.ItusesbothyourmindandbodyB.WalkaroundbeforeorafterclassC.TakethestairsonyourwaytoclassD.You’llalsobenearmoreactivepeopleinclassE.Ifit’sallowed,bringasnacktobreakupthelectureF.Tokeepawake,youcangetcreativewithyourstrategiesG.You’llgetenergyfromthecoldeverytimeyoutakeadrink【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在课堂上保持清醒的几种方法。【16题详析】由上文“Ifyou’veeverpulledanall-nighterorhadabadnightofsleep,youknowit’sdifficulttostayawakeinclasswhenyou’retired.Yourteacher’svoicemightbegintosoundlikeasongthatmakesyousleepy.(如果你曾经熬过夜或者晚上睡得不好，你就会知道当你累的时候在课堂上很难保持清醒。你老师的声音可能会开始听起来像一首让你昏昏欲睡的歌。)”及下文各段给出的保持清醒的建议可知，上文描述了疲惫时在课堂上难以保持清醒的情景，下文给出了保持清醒的具体策略，本空应引出下文这些策略，说明可以创造性地采用一些方法来保持清醒。F选项“Tokeepawake,youcangetcreativewithyourstrategies(为了保持清醒，你可以在策略上发挥创意)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】由上文“Sitinthefrontoftheroom.You’llbemoreencouragedtostayawakeifyouknowthattheteachercanseeyou.Besides,it’llbeeasiertopayattentionwhenyou’reinfrontandcenterforthelecture.(坐在教室的前排。如果你知道老师能看见你，你会更有动力保持清醒。此外，当你坐在前排正中间听讲座时，注意力也会更容易集中。)”及下文“Thesoundoftheirvoicesmightkeepyouawake.(他们的声音可能会让你保持清醒。)”可知，上文说明了坐在前排的好处，下文提到“他们的声音可能会让你保持清醒”，本空应说明坐在前排的另一个好处，即靠近更活跃的同学。D选项“You’llalsobenearmoreactivepeopleinclass(你在课堂上也会靠近更活跃的人)”能承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选D。【18题详析】由上文“Listenactivelytothelesson.Activelisteningisagreatwaytoforceyourselftostayawake.(积极听课。积极倾听是强迫自己保持清醒的好方法。)”及下文“Toeffectivelylistentoyourteacher,youshouldtrytokeepeyecontact,paycloseattentiontowhatthespeakerissayingandaskquestionsduringabreakinthelecture.(为了有效地听老师讲课，你应该尝试保持眼神交流，密切注意演讲者说的话，并在讲座休息时提问。)”可知，上文说明了积极倾听是保持清醒的好方法，下文给出了积极倾听的具体做法，本空应说明积极倾听需要身心共同参与。A选项“Itusesbothyourmindandbody(它使用你的身心)”能承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】由上文“Drinksomecoldwater.Itcanhelpkeepyouawakeandaware.Cometoclasswithabottleofcoldwater.(喝点冷水。它可以帮助你保持清醒和警觉。带一瓶冷水来上课。)”及下文“Also,havingenoughwaterinyourbodywillkeepyouawareandhelpyouavoidfeelingconfusedandtired.(此外，体内有足够的水分会让你保持警觉，帮助你避免感到困惑和疲劳。)”可知，上文建议带一瓶冷水来上课，下文说明了体内有足够水分的好处，本空应说明喝冷水能带来能量，从而保持清醒。G选项“You’llgetenergyfromthecoldeverytimeyoutakeadrink(每次你喝水的时候都会从寒冷中获得能量)”能承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。【20题详析】由下文“Suchactivitytellsyourbodythatit’snottimeforsleepjustyet.Walkaroundduringbreaks,gooutsideifyou’reallowedto,andgetyourbloodmovingtokeepaclearmind.Afteryoustopmoving,youmightfeeltiredagain,butitcanhelpforalittlebit.(这样的活动告诉你的身体现在还不是睡觉的时候。休息时四处走走，如果允许的话出去走走，让你的血液流动起来，保持头脑清醒。当你停止运动后，你可能会再次感到疲劳，但这会有一点帮助。)”可知，本段建议通过活动来保持清醒，如休息时四处走走，出去走走等，本空应概括本段内容，即课前或课后四处走走。B选项“Walkaroundbeforeorafterclass(课前或课后四处走走)”符合语境。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It’sbeenmorethanaweeksinceHurricaneHelenesweptawayentirecommunities.Laury’shomewasalmostcompletely_____21_____.“IknewIneededtogotoshelters,butIjustcouldn’tcarrymy____22____withme,becausetraditionallypetsaren’t____23____inshelters,”shelatertoldthelocalnewspaper.When____24____theneighborhood,Brooks,amemberoftheCoastGuard,foundLaury____25____inherfloodedhouseandofferedtobringhertotheshelter.ButLaurytoldshecouldn’t____26____toloseherdog.BrooksthenpromisedLaurythatworkerswoulddotheirbestto____27____herdogcomfortably.Afteralongconversation,Laurywas____28____broughttotheRedCrossshelter,whereRitchie,avolunteer,____29____her.“WhenLauryarrivedhere,shewasnearlydeadandsufferingfrom____30____anxiety,”Ritchiesaid.Intheshelter,hundredsofvolunteersworked24/7toprovidefood,waterand____31____tosurvivorslikeLaury.ToLaury’s____32____,herdogwasalsogivenawarmandsafeplacetostaynearby.“Everythingyouseemewearingwas____33____tomeandevenmydogwasgivenalltheattention.Thevolunteersdideverythingintheir____34____tohelpme,”Laurysaidemotionally.ThankstotheRedCrossworkers’selflesshelp,Lauryandthose____35____withthedisastercouldgetthroughthedifficulttimeafterthehurricane.21.A.destroyed B.burnt C.turned D.recovered22.A.house B.dog C.family D.neighborhood23.A.born B.refused C.allowed D.injured24.A.rebuilding B.exploring C.searching D.uniting25.A.bathed B.locked C.hidden D.trapped26.A.afford B.pretend C.manage D.beg27.A.walk B.feed C.accommodate D.train28.A.luckily B.finally C.actually D.lately29.A.tookcareof B.tookcontrolof C.relatedto D.focusedon30.A.amazing B.specific C.little D.extreme31.A.tools B.money C.comfort D.space32.A.shock B.joy C.concern D.confusion33.A.presented B.donated C.reserved D.limited34.A.power B.process C.company D.department35.A.playing B.competing C.communicating D.struggling【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.B33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述海伦飓风过后，红十字会工作人员和志愿者伸出援手，帮助劳里等灾民渡过难关，还贴心照料其宠物的暖心故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：劳里的家几乎完全被毁了。A.destroyed摧毁、毁坏；B.burnt烧毁；C.turned转动；D.recovered恢复。根据前文“It’sbeenmorethanaweeksinceHurricaneHelenesweptawayentirecommunities.”可知，海伦飓风席卷了整个社区，因此劳里的家在飓风中几乎被完全毁坏。故选A项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我得去避难所，但我实在没办法带着我的狗一起，因为按照惯例，避难所里不允许养宠物。A.house房子；B.dog狗；C.family家人；D.neighborhood邻居。根据后文“becausetraditionallypetsaren’t________inshelters”和“ButLaurytoldshecouldn’t________toloseherdog.”可知，劳里舍不得自己的宠物狗，因此是无法带着狗前往避难所。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我得去避难所，但我实在没办法带着我的狗一起，因为按照惯例，避难所里不允许养宠物。A.born出生；B.refused拒绝；C.allowed允许；D.injured受伤。根据前文“IknewIneededtogotoshelters,butIjustcouldn’tcarrymy________withme”可知，劳里无法带着狗去避难所，原因是避难所按惯例不允许宠物进入，beallowedin为固定搭配表“被允许进入”。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海岸警卫队的布鲁克斯在搜寻社区时，发现劳里被困在被洪水淹没的房子里，并提出带她去避难所。A.rebuilding重建；B.exploring探索；C.searching搜寻；D.uniting团结。根据后文“foundLaury________inherfloodedhouseandofferedtobringhertotheshelter.”可知，布鲁克斯是在对受灾社区进行搜寻的过程中发现了被困的劳里。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海岸警卫队的布鲁克斯在搜寻社区时，发现劳里被困在被洪水淹没的房子里，并提出带她去避难所。A.bathed沐浴；B.locked锁上；C.hidden隐藏；D.trapped困住。根据后文“inherfloodedhouseandofferedtobringhertotheshelter.”可知，劳里的房子被洪水淹没，她因此被困在了里面。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但劳里说她实在不能失去她的狗。A.afford承受得起；B.pretend假装；C.manage设法；D.beg乞求。根据前文“becausetraditionallypetsaren’t_______inshelters”且布鲁克斯要带劳里去避难所可知，劳里若去避难所就要与狗分离，她无法承受失去狗的结果，couldn’taffordtodosth为固定搭配表“不能承受做某事”。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布鲁克斯随后向劳里保证，工作人员会尽最大努力为她的狗提供舒适的住处。A.walk散步；B.feed喂养；C.accommodate为……提供住处；D.train训练。根据前文“becausetraditionallypetsaren’t_______inshelters”可知，劳里因担心狗不愿去避难所，结合后文“herdogwasalsogivenawarmandsafeplacetostaynearby”可知，布鲁克斯承诺会为狗安排舒适的住处，让劳里放心。故选C项。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过长时间的交谈，劳里最终被带到了红十字会的避难所，志愿者里奇在那里照顾她。A.luckily幸运地；B.finally最终；C.actually实际上；D.lately最近。根据前文“Afteralongconversation”可知，布鲁克斯和劳里经过了长时间的沟通，劳里才放下顾虑，最终被带去了避难所。故选B项。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过长时间的交谈，劳里最终被带到了红十字会的避难所，志愿者里奇在那里照顾她。A.tookcareof照顾；B.tookcontrolof控制；C.relatedto与……相关；D.focusedon专注于。根据后文“Intheshelter,hundredsofvolunteersworked24/7toprovidefood,waterand________tosurvivorslikeLaury.”可知，避难所的志愿者会为灾民提供各类帮助，因此里奇是在避难所里照顾劳里。故选A项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里奇说：“劳里到这里的时候，已经奄奄一息，还极度焦虑。”A.amazing令人惊讶的；B.specific具体的；C.little少量的；D.extreme极度的。根据前文“foundLaury________inherfloodedhouseandofferedtobringhertotheshelter.ButLaurytoldshecouldn’t________toloseherdog.”可知，劳里被困在洪水淹没的房子里，且因担心狗内心煎熬，结合“shewasnearlydead”可知，劳里此时不仅身体虚弱，还承受着极度的焦虑。故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在避难所里，数百名志愿者全天候工作，为像劳里这样的灾民提供食物、水和安慰。A.tools工具；B.money钱；C.comfort安慰；D.space空间。根据前文“WhenLauryarrivedhere,shewasnearlydeadandsufferingfrom______anxiety”可知，劳里抵达避难所时极度焦虑，因此志愿者除了物资还会为灾民提供心理上的安慰。故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让劳里高兴的是，她的狗也在附近有了一个温暖安全的住处。A.shock震惊；B.joy喜悦；C.concern担忧；D.confusion困惑。根据前文“BrooksthenpromisedLaurythatworkerswoulddotheirbestto________herdogcomfortably.”且劳里此前因担心狗不愿去避难所可知，狗得到妥善安置让劳里满心喜悦，toone’sjoy为固定搭配表“让某人高兴的是”。故选B项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你看到我身上穿的一切都是捐赠给我的，甚至我的狗也得到了悉心照料。A.presented颁发；B.donated捐赠；C.reserved保留；D.limited限制。根据前文“It’sbeenmorethanaweeksinceHurricaneHelenesweptawayentirecommunities.Laury’shomewasalmostcompletely________.”可知，劳里的家在飓风中被毁，一无所有，其身上的衣物都是他人捐赠的。故选B项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：志愿者们尽了最大的努力来帮助我。A.power能力；B.process过程；C.company公司；D.department部门。根据前文“Everythingyouseemewearingwas________tomeandevenmydogwasgivenalltheattention.”可知，志愿者为劳里提供了衣物，还悉心照料她的狗，竭尽所能帮助她，doeverythinginone’spower为固定搭配表“尽某人最大努力”。故选A项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了红十字会工作人员的无私帮助，劳里和其他遭遇这场灾难的人们才能渡过飓风后的艰难时期。A.playing玩耍；B.competing竞争；C.communicating交流；D.struggling挣扎。根据前文“It’sbeenmorethanaweeksinceHurricaneHelenesweptawayentirecommunities”可知，海伦飓风席卷了整个社区，众多灾民的家园被毁，都在这场灾难中苦苦挣扎，strugglewith为固定搭配表“遭遇、与……抗争”。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）根据句子意思，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。36.Iwanttomakeagoodfirst________(impress).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】impression【详析】考查名词。句意：我想给人留下一个好的第一印象。分析句子结构可知，在a和first后要使用名词形式，构成短语makeagoodfirstimpression“留下良好的第一印象”，故填impression。37.Thefirstweekwasalittle______________（confuse）.（所给词的正确形式填空）【答案】confusing【详析】考查形容词。句意：第一周有点混乱。分析句子可知，句子为主系表结构，设空处应填形容词作表语。所给词confuse为动词，其形容词confusing，意为“令人费解的，令人迷惑的”，修饰物；形容词confused意为“困惑的，糊涂的”，修饰人。句子主语为Thefirstweek，为物，故填confusing。38.Icouldn’tconcentrate________theexperiment.（用适当的词填空）【答案】on【详析】考查介词。句意：我无法集中精力做实验。根据句意表示“集中精力”可知短语为concentrateon。故填on。39.________(obvious),Iwasunhappy,butIwon’tquit.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Obviously【详析】考查副词。句意：显然，我不开心，但我不会放弃。此空应填副词作状语，修饰整个句子，obviously，表“显然地”，为副词，符合句意，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Obviously。40.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingto_________end.(用适当的词填空)【答案】an【详析】考查冠词。句意：好像要到世界末日了。此处为固定短语cometoanend“结束”，end的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。41.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayin________(ruin).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】ruins【详析】考查名词。句意：不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了一片废墟。inruins为固定短语，意为“成为废墟；破败不堪”，需用ruin的复数形式作宾语。故填ruins。42.Icanacceptfailure;everyone________(fail)atsomething.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】fails【详析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我可以接受失败；每个人都会有失败的时候。此处描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语everyone是第三人称单数，谓语动词用fail“失败”的第三人称单数形式。故填fails。43.Thearmysent15,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthose________weretrapped.(用适当的词填空)【答案】who【详析】考查定语从句。句意：军队派出15000名士兵到唐山去挖出那些被困的人。空处引导定语