考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷98

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷98

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共2。题，每题

分,共20分。）

Morethan200organizationsarepreparingtobringtheirteamsofrobots（oRoboCup

2003nextmomhinPadua,Iialy,aneventwhereresearcherstestoutthelatestartificial

intelligencetechniquesingamesoffootballorrescuesimulations.Eventorganizerssaid

lastweekthat183teamsfromaround由eworld,mostlyfromuniversities,haveregistered

fbrrescuesimulationcompetitionsandvariousleaguesoffootball,whileanother80

groupsaretoshowoffrobotsaimedatchildren.Theeventisexpectingmorethan50,000

visitors.WhileRoboCuphasitslighterside,itisoneofthemostprominenteventsinthe

worldforbothartificial-intelligenceresearchersandforcompaniessuchasHondaand

Sonywishingtoshowofftheirlatestroboticstechnology.Inrecentyears,advancesin

roboticsandcomputertechnologyhaveledtorenewedinterestinrobots.Several

companieshaveproducedhumanoidrobotscapableofwalkingontwolegs,evenup

stairsoracrossunevensurfaces,whileSonyhasvirtuallysingle-handedlycreateda

consumerrobotmarketwithitsAibodog,releasedin1999.Robottechnologiessuchas

visionandmobilitysystemshavealsomadetheirwayintothebroaderworldofIT.

Hewlett-Packardiseventestingrobotsthatcouldattendmeetingsinplaceofahuman,in

ordertocutdownonbusinesstravel.AheadofRoboCup,anotherEuropeanuniversity

hassigneduptointegrateitsAiborobotsintotheirresearchcurriculum.RoboCup's

"four-leggedleague"usesAiborobots,whilethe"humanoidleague"pitstwo-legged

robotssuchasHonda'sAsimoagainstoneanother.Theeventsaysitsultimategoalisto

developateamoffullyautonomousrobotsbytheyear2050thatcanwinagainstthe

humanworldsoccerchampionteam.

1、Accordingtothetext,thepurposeofRoboCupisto.

A^createaworldruledbyrobots

B、eliminatetheneedforhumanathletes

C、testoutartificialintelligencetechnology

D、fbrscientiststogettogetherandhaveagoodtime

标准答案：C、

知识点解析：属逻辑关系题，第一段指出：“在本次活动的足球赛或救援仿真赛

中，研究人员将充分检验最新的人工智能技术。”可见，这是RoboCup的目的。

2、Accordingtothetext,interestinrobotshasincreasedinrecentyearsbecause

of.

A、RoboCup

B、Sony'sAibodog

C、ariseinpublicawareness

D^technologicaladvances

标准答案：D

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第三段开头告诉我们：“近年来，机器人技术和计算

机技术的发展使人们对机器人重新发生兴趣。”

3、Sonycreatedaconsumer-robotmarketby.

A、loweringprices

B、marketingarobotdog

C、attendingRoboCup

D^virtueofitsreputation

标准答案；B

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第三段末写道，索尼公司通过销售一种机器狗开创了

一个机器人消费市场。

4、Onecompanyistestingrobotsthatcould.

A、taketheplaceofhumansatmeetings

B、eliminatetheneedforbusinesstravel

C、winagainstthehumanworldsoccerchampionteam

D、becomeman'sbestfriends

标准答案：A

知识点解析：属事实细节题。在第四段最后一句作者提到，惠普公司正在测试能代

替人参加会议的机器人。

5、Whichof(hefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

A、Sonyistheundisputedleaderintheroboticsindustry.

B、SomeuniversitiesareusingSonyrobotsin(heirresearchprograms.

C、SomepeoplehavecriticizedRoboCup'sagenda.

D、By2050.robotswillbeabletobeathumansatsoccer.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属信息推断题。最后一段第一句指出：“另一所欧洲大学签约把索尼

的机器狗Aib。纳入他们的研究课程。”这说明，这样做的大学已不止一所。

Humansareuniqueamongprimatesforournear-totalbodilyhairlessness.Infact,onlya

handfulofthe5,000orsomammals—mostlysemi-aquaticspeciessuchaswhales,

walruses,andhippopotamuses—arenotcoveredindensefur.Now,acontroversialnew

theorysuggeststhathumanhairlessnessevolvedasastrategytoshedlice,fleas,andother

parasitesthatnestledeepinfur.Thescientistsproposethatpressureimposedby

parasites,incombinationwithman'suniqueintelligence,allowedhumanstoshedfur

alongwithitsresidentfleas,andlice.Thoughparasitesalsoinfectclothing,clothescan

moreeasilybecleaned,orchanged,toremovetheproblem.Tlienewtheorymightalso

explainthetraitintheonlyotliervirtuallyhairlessterrestrialmammal,saysthestudy.

Buck-toothcd,pink,nakedmoleratsliveinundergroundcolonics.Thisnotonlymeans

thatthechanceofparasitetransmissionisveryhigh,butalsomeansthatthetemperature

remainsrelativelyconstant.Thisshelteredenvironmentmayhavealsoallowed(hemto

losetheirfur."Oneofthemostunusualthingsabouthumansisthatwedon'thavefur,"

saidstudyco-authorMarkPagel,evolutionai-ybiologistatReadingUniversityin

England.Thoughhumansarcnotliterallyhairless,muchofourhairhasbecomesosmall

andfineastorenderitvirtuallyinvisible.Thenewtheorymayalsoexplainthedifference

inhairinessbetweenmenandwomen.Ifhavinglesshairleadstoareductioninparasites,

(henitwouldofferabigadvantageintheraceoflifeandmightbecomeasexually

attractivefeature,saidPagel.Hairmighthavebeenretainedon(hehead,andontheface

inmen,asafeatureofsexualdisplay,hesaid,likepeacocks'tailsorstags'antlers.

Thoughtheresearchershavenotyetproduceddatatobackuptheiridea,theysuggestit

canbetested.Researchshouldfocusoncomparingamountofbodyhairinpeopleliving

inregionsoftheworldwithlowandhighlevelsofexternalparasites,saidPagel,and

confirmingexistinganecdotalevidencethatparasiteloadsarehigheronhairypartsofthe

body.

6、Accordingtothetext,mosthairlessmammals.

A、arewalruses

B、aresemi-aquatic

C、arccoveredindensefur

D、havebutahandfuloffur

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第•段告诉我们，没有体毛的哺乳动物中大部分是半

水栖动物。

7、Thenewtheorydiscussedinthetextsuggeststhat.

A、allmammalswereoriginallyhairless

B、humanhairlcssncssispartiallydependantonman'suniqueintelligence

C、humanslacktheabilitytoshedparasites

D、humansevolvedfromapes

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属事实细节题。根据第二段所说，人类脱去体毛的部分原因是因为人

类独有的智慧。

8、Moleratsaresimilartohumansinthatthey.

A、arevirtuallyhairless

B、liveinundergroundcolonies

C、haveopposablethumbs

D^areabletokillparasites

标准答案：A

知识点解析：属逻辑关系题。文中提到，人类不长体毛，噩鼠也全身无毛，这是二

者的相似之处。

9、Whydoesthearticlesuggestthatmenhavefacialhair?

A^Inorderioatiractparasites.

B、Inordertoattractwomen.

C、Inordertofrightenpredators.

D、Inordertoconcentratetheparasitepopulation.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属信息推断题。文章第五段指出，男人脸上保留毛发是性别展示的

个特征。据此推断，男人脸上有胡子是为了吸引异性。

10、Accordingtothetext,researchers.

A、havefailedintheireffortstoproducesupportingdata

B、lackexperienceinthefield

C、believethatthenewtheorycanbetested

D、havefacialhair

标准答案：C

知识点解析：属事实细节题。最后一段开头讲到，研究人员认为这项新理论可以得

到验证。

ThefirstmapknowntohavenamedthegreatlandmassoftheWesternHemisphere

"America"hasbeenacquiredbytheLibraryofCongressfortenmillionU.S.dollars.

Describedas"oneofthegreatestfindsofthemodernage"afteritwaslostformorethan

twocenturies,the1507mapoftheentireworldincludeddatagatheredbyexplorer

AmerigoVespucci.Themapwaskept—formorethan350years-inthecastleofPrince

JohannesinGermany.Consideredlostforover250years,itwasdiscoveredinthecastle

in1901.Shortlyafteritwasfound,themapwasdescribedbyPhilipPhillips,thechiefof

thegeographyandmapdivisionattheLibraryofCongressintheearly20thcentury,as

"oneofthegreatfindsofthemodernage."In1992itwasofferedforsale,andthe

LibraryofCongressacquireditaftermakinganinitialdownpaymentinJuneof2001.

TheGennanstateofBaden-Wuerttemburggavepermissiontoexportthemap.Itwas

relocatedtotheLibraryofCongressin2001,pendingcompletionofthesale.Themap

willbehandedoverofficiallyinthepresenceofrepresentativesofthegovernmentsof(he

U.S.andGermanyin2004,whenagallerydevotedtoitsdisplayisexpectedtobe

completed.ThemapwaspaicforbytheU.S.Congressandprivatedonations.Themap

wasdesignedanddrawnbyMartinWaldseemueller,whoincludeddatagatheredby

explorerAmerigoVespucci.Vcspuccisvoyageof1501reinforcedthetheoryofthe

sphericalshapeoftheearth,andconfirmedVespucci'srevolutionaryconceptoftheNew

Worldasaseparatecontinent,which,untilthen,wasunknowntotheEuropeans.In

recognitionofVespucci'sdiscoveiy,Waldseemullernamedthenewcontinent"America",

afterVcspucci'sfirstname.Waldseemullersaidofthegreatnewcontinentinhis

CosinographicIntroductionthat,"itisindeedafourthpartof(heworld,"Europe,Asia,

andAfricabeingtheotherthree.Oftheoriginalthousandprints,theLibraryofCongress

nowpossessestheonlyknownsurvivingcopy—separatedinto12pages,whichare

arrangedlikeapuzzletodepicttheEarthinitsentirety.

11、Theprimarysignificanceofthemapisthat.

A^itisveryold

B、itwaslostforaverylonglime

C、itwasthefirstmaptohavenamedthecontinent"America"

D^itwasdrawnbyrenownedmapmakerMartinWaldseeuller

标准答案：C

知识点解析：属信息推断题，根据第一段的信息，这张地图意义重大，显然是由于

这是最早命名美洲大陆的地图。

12、TheLibraryofCongressacquiredthemapin.

A^(heearlypartofthe20thcentury

B、themiddlepartofthe20thcentury

C、thelatterpartofthe20thcentuiy

D^theearlypartofthe21stcentury

标准答案：D

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第三段告诉我们，2001年国会图书馆将这张地图买

下.

AnimportantresultofVespucci'svoyagewas.

A、confirmationofanewcontinent

B、Vespucci'snamingof''America"

C、improvedrelationsbetweentheU.S.andGermany

D、thediscoverythattheearthisround

标准答案：A

知识工解析：属事实细节题。第四段指出，韦斯普奇的航行证实了新大陆的概念。

14、Accordingtothearticle,theLibraryofCongresspossesses.

A、twelveprintsofthemap

B、anoriginalprintofthemap

C、apuzzleoftheentireearth

D、theoriginalmap

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属事实细节题。最后一段讲：“最初印制了1000张，国会图书馆现在

拥有已知唯一存世的一张。”

15、Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A、Manypeoplestilldenythefactthattheearthisofasphericalshape.

B、Don'tdoubtthatwhichyouarcsureabout.

C、Mapmakingtechniqueshavehardlyadvancedinthelastfewcenturies.

D、Thingsthatarethoughttohavebeenlostmightsomedaybefound.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：属信息归纳题。文章讲到这张地图失而复得，从而可以得出结论：认

为失踪的事物有可能重新被发现。

Videogameswillbeforcedtocarrycigarette-stylehealthwarningsunderproposalsto

protectchildrenfromunsuitabledigitalmaterial.Thereport,commissionedbythePrime

Ministerinresponse(oagrowingmoralpanicaboutvideogames,willconcludethatthey

canharmthedevelopmentofchildren'sbeliefsandvaluesystemsanddesensitisethemto

violence.Thereport,writtenbyTanyaByron,theclinicalpsychologistandtelevision

parentingguru,isalsoexpectedtoaddressthedangersofchildren'suseoftheinternet.

Shewillcallforamassivecampaigntoeducateparents,teachersandchildcarersabout

howtoensurethatchildrengetmaximumbenefitfromthedigitalworldwithoutbeing

exposedtoitsdangers.Thisv/illincludeadrivefbrgreaterawarenessofinappropriate

contentsuchaspornography.Parentswillbeencouragedtomonitorchildren'sonlineuse

andkeepcomputersinlivingroomsrather(hanbedrooms.Dr.Byron,aTimescolumnist

whohas(wochildrenaged9and12,saidthatvideoandonlinegamescouldhave

enormousbenefits"intermsoflearninganddevelopment'\butthattherewastoolittle

awarenessamongparentsabouttheassociatedriskstheyposedandhowtomanagethose

risks."Youwouldnotsendyourchildtothepoolwithoutteachingthem(oswim,sowhy

wouldyouletthemonlinewithoutteachingthemtomanagetherisks?"shesaid.Dr.

Byronsaidthatthecurrentclassificationsystemforvideogameswasconfusingandnot

toughenough.Atpresentonlygamesshowingsexorgrossviolencerequireanagerating

fromtheBritishBoardofFilmClassificationandfewerthan2percentoftitlescarryan

18-certificate.ThealternativePan-EuropcanGameInformationsystemisconsideredto

beineffectivebecauseitusessymbolsthatarcconfusinganddistributorseffectively

chosetheirownratingsbyfillinginaformabouttheirproduct.Dr.Byronwantsasingle

statutoryclassificationsystem.Ratingswouldhavetobedisplayedprominentlyonall

packagingmaterials,likehealthwarningsoncigarettes,aswellasonshopdisplaycases.

"Wehavetomakechilddigitalsafetyapriority.Ifyouareunder1X.youshouldnothe

abletobuyan'18'gameandifyouareunder12,youshouldnotbeabletobuya'12,

game,"shesaid.Shealsowantsallgames'consolestocontainblockingmechanismsthat

wouldenableparentstopreventchildrenplayingunsuitablegamesonthem.

16、Thereportonvideogamesis.

A、aresponsetotheincreasingconcern

B、writtenbygovernmentofficials

C、anarousalofpeople'ssensationtowardsviolence

D、apreludeofamassivecampaign

标准答案：A

知识点解析：属事实细节题。选项B犯了偷梁换柱的错误，第二段第一句讲到这

份报告是总理委托专人发布的，但并非政府官员所撰写，故错误。选项C犯了无

中生有的错误，这份报告是为了让人们关注儿童使用网络的问题，而非选项所讲的

内容，故错误。选项D属于无关干扰，文章并未提及报告与运动之间的关系，故

错误。第二段第一句就讲到这份报告的发布是对人们对于电脑游戏日益增长的恐慌

情绪的回应，故选项A符合题意。

17^Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutDr.Byron?

A、She'sthemotheroftwochildren.

B、Shewritesforanewspaper.

C^Shewascommissionedtoreleasethereport.

D、Sheisanexpertinchildcare.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：属事实细节题。选项A和选项B可在第三段第三句中找到答案，她

是泰晤士报的专栏作家（选项B）,而且有两个孩子（选项A）。选项D可在第二段第

二句中找到，她是电视育儿专家