2025-2026学年北京市丰台区高二（下）期中英语试卷（含答案）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年北京市丰台区高二（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共14小题，共28分。AIfyou'realoverofliteratureandwanttostudyitfurther，Harvard'sonlinecoursesareagreatoption!

AbouttheCourses

TheAncientGreekHeroexploreswhatitmeanstobehumantodaybystudyingwhatitmeanttobeaheroinancientGreektimes.Toachievethis，learnerswillexperience，inEnglishtranslation，someancientGreekliteraturefromthe8thcenturyBCtothe3rdcenturyAD.

NobleCultureandtheCosmopolitanTanglooksathownoblefamiliesandtheircultureandliteraturecontributedtothereunification（重新统一）ofChinaundertheTangDynasty.You'llalsolearnhowtocomposeandanalyzepoetryandcalligraphy.

Shakespeare'sLifeandWorkexploresrelationshipsbetweenShakespeare'sworldandpresentday.Throughshortvideosandreadings，youwillseehowthemeaningofaworkofartchangesdependingonthetime，context，andculture.

MasterpiecesofWorldLiteraturerevealshowgreatwritersreflectontheirworldandhowtheirworksarechangedintoday'sglobalculture.Ithelpsusunderstandthedeeprootsoftoday'sinterconnectedglobalculture.

WaystoTaketheCourses

Whenyousignupforthesecourses，youwillhavetheoptionofauditing（旁听）thecourseorpursuinganofficialcertificate.

Intheauditingtrack，learningisfreeandself-pacedwithin18weeks.Learnershaveaccesstopartofourcourseresources.Besides，coursevideosandhandoutsarenotavailablefordownloading.Pleasenotethatthistrackdoesnotofferanofficialcertificate.

Alternatively，learnerscanpay＄299topursueanofficialcertificate，whichoffersunlimitedaccesstocourseresourceswithinayear.Attheendofthecourse，learnerswhoearnapassinggradecanreceiveacertificate.

Ifyou'reinterestedandwanttolearnmore，clickhere：https：//1.Ifyouwanttoknowhowtoanalyzepoetry，youcanchoose______.A.TheAncientGreekHero

B.Shakespeare'sLifeandWork

C.MasterpiecesofWorldLiterature

D.NobleCultureandtheCosmopolitanTang2.Intheauditingtrack，youcan______.A.determinethelearningpace B.accesshandoutsforafee

C.earnanofficialcertificate D.downloadcoursevideos3.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage？______A.Toadvertiseonlinecourses.

B.Toexploretherootsofhumanity.

C.Tocomparedifferentcultures.

D.Tohighlightthevalueofliterature.B"Yourmotherneedsanewheart，"myfathertoldmewhenIcalledonthatDecemberafternoon.Anunrelentingoptimist，hespokeasifshemerelyneededtohaveapartreplaced.But，althoughmytwosistersandIknewthatourmotherhadheartproblems，thisnewsstillmadeusfrozenforawhilewithoureyeswideningindisbelief.

Dr.MarcSemigranofthetransplantteamreviewedmymother'smedicalhistory.She'dhadanirregularandrapidheartbeatformostofherlife.Herpresenttreatment—theuseofaseriesofcardioversions，orelectricjolts，torestoreanormalheartbeat—wouldnotworkinthelong-term.Shehadanenlargedandweakenedheart，aswellasafaultyvalve.

"Withmedication，"Dr.Semigransaid，"youhavea60percentchanceoflivingsixmonths.Youcouldhavealongerlifewithatransplant，buttherearerisks.You'reatthetopendoftheagegroupofsixtyyearsold.Thelungsandotherorgansmustbehealthyandstrong.Whilethetransplantsurgeryisactuallyastraightforwardprocedure，acceptancebythebodyisthedifficultthing."

Myfamilycametogether，tryingtoprovidestrengthandworkoutwhattodo.We'dalreadygonefromshock，overourmother'scondition，toworrythatshewouldn'tbeasuitablerecipient.Despiteoftherisk，wechosetobelievethatshewouldmakeiteventually.

WordcamelaterinDecemberthatshehadbeenacceptedintotheprogramme.Dr.JeremyRuskintoldusoneofthereasonsshehadbeenacceptedwasthatshehadsuchstrongfamilysupport.

OneMondayinMay，atabout8p.m.，mymotherreceivedaphonecallfromthehospitalthataheartwasavailable.Asshewasabouttobewheeledoff，myfathertookherfaceinhishandsandlookedintohereyes.Hislooksaideverythingabouttheir42-yearrelationship.

Thehearttransplantoperationwassuccessfulandtheconditionscouldnothavebeenbetter.

Theironyofthetransplantprocessisthatonefamily'slossisanother'sgain；thattragedybegetsfortune.Itisakindoflifeafterdeath，ourheartsbeatingbeyondus.Wedevelopedafeelingofloveforthisnewpart，ofgratitudeforthedoctors，fortheprocess，andforthosepeoplewhomadeadecisionjustforhumanity.4.Howdidthesistersfeeltothenewsthattheirmotherneededanewheart？______A.Frightened. B.Astonished. C.Worried. D.Annoyed.5.Whichisthefactortoaffectthepossibilityoftheirmother'shearttransplant？______A.Herabnormalheartbeat.

B.Theageofoversixtyyearsold.

C.Herwillingnesstothetransplant.

D.Theadaptationofthenewheartinthebody.6.Whatmadethetransplantteamdecidetohavetheoperation？______A.Thatherlungswerehealthy.

B.Thatanewhearthadbeenfound.

C.Thatherfamilywereexpectingtheoperation.

D.Thatherfamilytrustedthedoctors'medicallevel.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______A.Familysupportisofgreatimportance.

B.Fortunefavorsthosewhoareoptimistic.

C.Confidencehelpspatientsovercomedifficulties.

D.Gettingpreparedbeforeacceptingatreatmentmatters.CCreativityiscommonlythoughtofasapersonalitytraitthatresideswithintheindividual.Wecountoncreativepeopletoproducethesongs，movies，andbookswelove，toinventthenewgadgetsthatcanchangeourlives，andtodiscoverthenewscientifictheoriesandphilosophiesthatcanchangethewayweviewtheworld.Overthepastseveralyears，however，socialpsychologistshavediscoveredthatcreativityisnotonlyacharacteristicoftheindividual，butmayalsochangedependingonthesituationandcontext.Thequestion，ofcourse，iswhatthosesituationsare：whatmakesusmorecreativeattimesandlesscreativeatothers？

Oneanswerispsychologicaldistance.AccordingtotheConstrualLevelTheory（CLT）ofpsychologicaldistance，anythingthatwedonotexperienceasoccurringnow，here，andtoourselvesfallsintothe"psychologicallydistant"category.It'salsopossibletoinduceastateof"psychologicaldistance"simplybychangingthewaywethinkaboutaparticularproblem，suchasattemptingtotakeanotherperson'sperspective，orbythinkingofthequestionasifitwereunrealandunlikely.Inthisnewpaper，byLileJiaandcolleaguesatIndianaUniversity，scientistshavedemonstratedthatincreasingpsychologicaldistancesothataproblemfeelsfartherawaycanactuallyincreasecreativity.

Whydoespsychologicaldistanceincreasecreativity？AccordingtoCLT，psychologicaldistanceaffectsthewaywementallyrepresentthings，sothatdistantthingsarerepresentedinarelativelyabstractwaywhilepsychologicallynearthingsseemmoreconcrete.Consider，forinstance，acornplant.Aconcreterepresentationwouldrefertotheshape，color，taste，andsmelloftheplant，andconnecttheitemtoitsmostcommonuse-afoodproduct.Anabstractrepresentation，ontheotherhand，mightrefertothecornplantasasourceofenergyorasafast-growingplant.Thesemoreabstractthoughtsmightleadustocontemplateother，lesscommonusesforcorn，suchasasourceforethanol，ortousetheplanttocreatemazesforchildren.Whatthisexampledemonstratesishowabstractthinkingmakesiteasierforpeopletoformsurprisingconnectionsbetweenseeminglyunrelatedconcepts，suchasfast-growingplants（corn）andfuelforcars（ethanol）.

Inthismostrecentstudy，Jiaexaminedtheeffectofspatialdistanceoncreativity.Participantsperformedacreativegenerationtask，inwhichtheywereaskedtolistasmanydifferentmodesoftransportationaspossible.ThistaskwasintroducedashavingbeendevelopedeitherbyIndianaUniversitystudentsstudyinginGreece（distantcondition）orbyIndianaUniversitystudentsstudyinginIndiana（nearcondition）.Aspredicated，participantsinthedistantconditiongeneratedmorenumerousandoriginalmodesoftransportationthanparticipantsinthenearcondition.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutpsychologicaldistance？______A.Itbringsmoreabstractconceptsintoourmind.

B.Itbuildsuncommonconnectionsinourmind.

C.Itenablesustoknowmoreusesofcommonthings.

D.Itmakesproblemseasiertobesolved.9.WhichofthefollowingistrueofspatialdistanceaccordingtoJia'sstudy？______A.Distantconditionisrelatedtopeople'screativeability.

B.ItmakesstudentsinIndianalistmoremodesoftransportation.

C.Itenablespeopletogeneratemoreabstractideas.

D.Ithelpsonetotakeanotherperson'sperspective.10.Whichwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage？______A.FormationofAbstractThoughts

B.FormationofConnectionsamongConcepts

C.WaystoCreatePsychologicalDistance

D.AnEasyApproachtoPromoteCreativityD

Wehumanistshavebeendefendinghumanities（人文学科）formanydecadesnow，butthecrisisofthehumanitiesonlygrows.Inthefaceofdecliningstudentinterestandmountingpoliticalscrutiny（审查），universitiesandcollegesareincreasinglycuttingfundingforhumanitiesdepartments.

Asahumanist，someonewhoreads，teachesandresearchesmainlyphilosophyandliterature，IampreparedtoadmitthatIdonotknowwhatthevalueofthehumanitiesis.Idon'tknowwhetherthestudyofhumanitiespromotesdemocracy（民主）orimprovesyourmoralcharacterorenrichesyourleisuretimeorimprovesyourcriticalthinkingskillsorincreasesyourempathy.IonceaskedthebestteacherIeverhadwhyshenolongertaughtherfavoritenovel，andshesaidthatshestoppedteachingabookwhenshefoundshewasnolongercuriousaboutit.Thehumanisticspiritis，fundamentally，aninquisitive（好奇的）one.

Incontrast，defensesofthehumanitiesarenotandcannotbeconductedinaninquisitivespirit，becauseadefensivespiritisinimicaltoaninquisitiveone.Defensivenessis，itmustbeadmitted，anunderstandableresponsewhenthechoppingblock（砧板）isbroughtoutandyouneedtoexplainwhyyoushouldn'tbeonit.Itmaybethathumanistsneedtospendtimejoiningpoliticalbattles，whichrequirestheirparticipantstopretendtoknowthingsthattheydonotactuallyknow.

Nonetheless，anatmosphereofurgencyandcallsforimmediateactionareunfavorabletofieldsofstudylikeliteratureandphilosophythatrequireareflectivemood，andpretendingtoknowwhatonedoesn'tactuallyknowisunfavorabletoformsofinquirythatdemandanopenmind.

Adefensivemindsetalsoencouragespoliticization.Ifthestudyofliteratureorphilosophyhelpstofightracismortopromotedemocracyandeveryoneagreesthatracismisbad，anddemocracyisgood—thenyouhaveyouranswerastowhyweshouldn'tcutfundingforthestudyofliteratureorphilosophy.Politicizationisawayofarmingthehumanitiesforitspoliticalbattles，butitcomesatanintellectualcost.Whyisracismsobad？Whyisdemocracysogood？Politicizationsilencestheseandotherquestions，whereasthefunctionofthehumanitiesistoraisethem.

Humanistsarenotaloneintheirignoranceaboutthepurposeoftheirdisciplines.Butscientistsareunderalotlesspressuretoexplainwhytheyexistbecausethesocietyatlargebelievesitselftoalreadyhavetheanswertothatquestion.Imaynotknowwhyit'simportanttoreadHomerandPlato，butIdohaveadeeploveforreading，teachingandponderingthetexts.TheloveiswhatIwanttosharewithothers，aswellasthesurpriseanddelightoffindingresonance（共鸣）.

Thetaskofhumanistsistoinvite，towelcome，toexcite，toengage.Andwhenweletourselvesbeourselves，whenweallowthehumanisticspirittoflowoutnotonlyintoourclassroomsbutalsoinourpublic-selfpresentation，wefindwedon'tneedtodefendorproveanything：Weareirresistible.11.Whattroublesthehumanistsmostregardingthecrisisinhumanities？______A.Students'lackofinterestinstudyinghumanitiescourses.

B.People'slittleknowledgeregardingthepurposeofhumanities.

C.Themountingpoliticalscrutinyfacedbyhumanitiesdepartments.

D.Thepressureonhumaniststoargueforthevalueoftheirdisciplines.12.Whatdoestheword"inimical"underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymean？______A.Sensitive B.Contrary C.Immune D.Relevant13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutadefensivemindset？______A.Itweakenshuman'sintellectualcapacity.

B.Itistheworstactiontotakeinthefaceofthecrisis.

C.Itrequiresareflectivemoodonthestudyofhumanities.

D.Itbringsaboutalowerchanceofsurvivalforhumanities.14.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthormostprobablyagree？______A.Humanitiesmaynotneedanydefense.

B.Scienceismoreusefulthanhumanities.

C.Thefutureofhumanitiesremainscloudy.

D.Thebattleofhumanitiesisahardonetofight.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。

ThePositiveEffectsofaPositiveAffect

Parentsoftenhavehighhopesforhowtheirchildrenwillturnoutinadulthood,suchaswantingthemtobehealthy,tofeelsatisfiedwiththeircareer,andtohavestrongfriendships.

(15)

Recentresearchsuggeststhatateen'saffect—especiallypositiveaffect—isonecriticalfactor.Whatexactlyisaffect?Affectisthetendencytoexpresspositiveornegativeemotions,whichinturninfluenceshowweexperiencethingsanddeterminewhethertojudgeagivensituationaspositiveornegative.

(16)

Moreover,researchsuggeststhataperson'saffectisrelativelystableovertime,especiallybythetimeonereachesadulthood.

Affectistypicallydescribedintermsofbeingeitherpositiveornegative,anditseemsthatpositiveaffect,inparticular,isrelatedtoanumberofbeneficialoutcomesinadulthood.

Insupportofthiscrucialrolethatpositiveaffecthasindevelopment,astudybyresearchersattheUniversityofVirginiafollowedteenagersandyoungadultsfromages14to25,allowingthemtounderstandthepredictivepowerofpositiveaffectacrossthecriticaldevelopmentalperiodfromadolescencetoyoungadulthood.

(17)

Forexample,teenswithahigherpositiveaffectreportedhadastronger,healthierattachmenttotheirfriends.

​

(18)

Positiveaffectalsopredictedincreasedself-worthandjobcompetence,suggestingthat,overall,positiveaffectseemstobeakeypredictorofyoungadultsuccessacrossseveralimportantareasoffunctioning.

Butwhatabouttheeffectsofnegativeaffect?Theresearchersalsoexaminedwhethernegativeaffectwouldpredictproblemsinyoungadulthood.

(19)

Thus,theimportanttakeawayisthatadolescentpositiveaffectmayhavepowerfullinkstoimportantlifeoutcomesinthedomainsofpersonalwell-being,career,andsocialrelationshipsuptoadecadelater.

​​​​​A.Affectiveresponsestoeventstypicallyhappenautomatically.

B.Sohowcanparentshelptheirchildrengraspthemeaningofpositiveaffect?

C.Butwhatfactorshelpproducetheseoutcomesasteensmovefromadolescencetoadulthood?

D.Interestingly,theresultssuggestedthatpositiveaffectmaygobeyondhelpingteensbuildpositiverelationships.

E.Theresultsuncoveredthatnegativeaffectmightaccountformanylifeproblemswhenateenagerbecameayoungadult.

F.Unlikepositiveaffect,havinggreaternegativeaffectdidnothaveanysignificantassociationswithanyofthelaterlifeoutcomes.

G.Thisstudyfoundthatpositiveaffectwasstronglypredictiveoflifeoutcomesinyoungadulthood,suchasdevelopingbetterfriendships.15.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。Movementisourfirstlanguage；Ibelievewe'reborntodance.I'vealwayshadaspeciallikingfordance，andmyjob.

Igotgreat（1）______workinginthetherapeutic（治疗的）world；itfeltmorelikeacalling.Ienjoyedeverymoment；mypurposeandmission（2）______me.MyhighlightsarewhenI'vewitnessedoncedullandhopelesseyeslightupwhenthepersonfeltseen，heard，andaccepted.

Then，illhealthstruck.Asmyhealthdeclinedprogressively，IhadtostopdoingwhatIloved.（3）______，allIhadwasbeingabletofacilitatetheoccasionalworkshopwhenopportunityandenergyaligned（一致）.Chronicfatiguesyndrome（慢性疲劳综合症）isamercilessbeast.

In2020，theunimaginablehappened.Inadditiontosoul-destroyingfeelingofbeing（4）______，Ibeganexperiencingfrequentvocalchallengesofvaryingdegrees.Icouldnolongeracceptfacilitationinvitationsbecausemy（5）______wasnowunreliable.Igrieved，feelinglikeIwasbeingswallowedbyadamp，darkfog.

Afteranextendedperiodofbeinginself-pity，I（6）______mythinking.Ihaveinternalvalue.Myvalueoridentityisnot（7）______bywhatIcanorcannotdo.Regardingmyhealthjourney，intime，I（8）______this：itiswhatitis.Forthisseason，thisismypath.

So，Istarteddancingagain.Lifeisfullofsurprises，pleasant，unpleasant，andneutral，yetwhatmattersishowwe（9）______tothosesurprises.Despiteongoingvoicelossandhealthchallenges，Ifoundnewwaystomakeadifference.

YouandImaynotbeabletochoosethe（10）______lifeplaysforus；however，wedogettochoosehowwewilldancetoit.Maywedancewithstrength，courage，andgrace.20.A.fame B.surprise C.pleasure D.inspiration21.A.fuelled B.attracted C.instructed D.calmed22.A.Simply B.Particularly C.Eventually D.Apparently23.A.tired B.annoyed C.disappointed D.injured24.A.mind B.sight C.sense D.voice25.A.discovered B.adjusted C.abandoned D.controlled26.A.ignored B.selected C.defined D.assisted27.A.accepted B.recalled C.questioned D.expected28.A.refer B.appeal C.turn D.respond29.A.role B.music C.joke D.game四、语法填空：本大题共3小题，共15分。30.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Emotionalintelligenceistheability

(1)

（understand），useandmanageyourownemotionsinpositivewaystorelievestressandcommunicateeffectively.Itisavaluableskill，

(2)

（help）youbuildstrongerrelationshipsandsucceedatwork.Itcanalsohelpyoutoconnectwithyourfeelingsandmakegooddecisions.Inmanycases，emotionalintelligenceisconsideredmoreimportantthanIQ.Themoreyoupracticeit，the

(3)

（easy）itbecomestohandledifficultsituations.(1)

(2)

(3)

31.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AnnaJonesisajournalist，

(1)

firstbook，Divide—TheRelationshipCrisisBetweenTownandCountry，waslonglistedforthe2022JamesCropperWainwrightPrize.GrowinguponafarmandworkinginthecityhavegivenAnnaarareinsight

(2)

rural（农村的）life.Annastartedthenon-profitcommunicationsproject"JustFarmers"in2018.Shealsorunsamediaeducationprogramtohelpfarmersfindconfidencetoshare

(3)

theyhaveexperiencedwiththewiderworld.(1)

(2)

(3)

32.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Chinahasalargenumberofglobalculturalheritagesites

(1)

（recognize）byUNESCO.Overthepastdecades，greatefforts

(2)

（make）bythecountrytopreservethem.Theseculturalheritagesitesenrichourdailylivesincountlessways，whetherweexperiencethem

(3)

（direct）orthroughthemediumofaconnecteddevice.WebelievethatChina

(4)

（apply）moderntechnologiestotherestorationandpreservationofmoreculturalheritagesitesintheyearstocome.(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

五、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共12分。33.Mypathwaslongtorecognizingmyvocation（职业），muchlongerthanithadtobe.Myparentswereprofessorsofengineering.Sciencewasthehorizonofpossibilityinmyfamily；nothingelsecountedorevenexisted.NomatterhowmuchIlovedtoreadandwrite，itneveroccurredtometomajorinanythingelse.

Ihadbeencuriousaboutbiologyandpsychologyinhighschool，sowhenIknewColumbiaofferedajointmajorinthetwofields，Ichoseitonthespot.Thefeeling，otherthanexcitement，wasoneofrelief.Icouldn'tbeartheuncertaintythatcollegerepresented.Insteadofopeningoptionsup，Ineededtoshutthemdown.Ihadlockedupthree-quartersofmycoursesforthenextfouryears，andIhadn'tevengonetoasingleclass.

Therewasnoonetheretostopme.Iwouldmope（消沉）inthebackofthoselectures，readinganovelbehindmynotebook，unawareofthefactthatIwastryingtotellmyselfsomething.Idon'tknowexactlywhenthingswentwrongwithmychosencourseofstudy.BythetimeIrealizedthatIshouldhavebeenanEnglishmajor，itwastoolatetomaketheswitch.Iendedupworkinginatinynonprofitthatmeantnothingtome，withnoideawhereIshouldgonext.

AndthenIhappenedtobevisitingafriendinarchitectureschool.Shewasn'thappy，either；herprogramwaswaytoopretentiousandtheoretical.Wewerewalkingalongandshesaid，"Ihavetogetoutofgraduateschool."AndIimmediatelythought"Ihavetogotograduateschool."Meaning，I'llneverbehappyuntilIgivemyselfthechancetostudyEnglishliteratureafterall.Meaning，it'snottoolate—I'mnotgoingtoletitbetoolate.Everythingwassuddenlyclearandcalm.

Itwasn'teasygettinginatthatpoint.Butforthefirs