Unit 1 词汇备课2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

人教版九上unit1词汇备课1.bringabout·词性：动词短语·词义：带来；引起·近义词：cause,leadto·反义词：prevent,stop·词形转换：bring(原形)→brought(过去式/过去分词)·固定搭配：bringaboutchanges(带来变化)；bringaboutadisaster(引起灾难)·例句：Scienceandtechnologyhavebroughtaboutgreatprogress.(科技带来了巨大进步。)·练习题：1.Thenewpolicy________aboutmanypositivechangesinthepasttwoyears.(用bring的适当形式填空)答案：hasbrought解析：根据时间状语“inthepasttwoyears”可知用现在完成时，hasbrought。2.Thisinventionmay_______aboutarevolutionintransport.(用bring的适当形式填空)答案：bring解析：may后接动词原形，故填bring。2.rough·词性：形容词·词义：崎岖的；粗糙的；粗略的·近义词：uneven,coarse·反义词：smooth,flat·词形转换：roughly(副词)→roughness(名词)·固定搭配：roughroad(崎岖的路)；roughpaper(粗糙的纸)；roughidea(大致想法)·例句：Thepaththroughtheforestisveryrough.(穿过森林的小路非常崎岖。)·练习题：1.Hepushedtheboatintotheriver________(rough).(用副词形式)答案：roughly解析：修饰动词pushed，需要副词，rough的副词是roughly。2.The________(rough)ofthesurfacemadeithardtowriteon.(用名词形式)答案：roughness解析：作主语，用名词roughness，意为“粗糙”。3.becoveredwith·词性：动词短语·词义：被……覆盖·近义词：becoatedwith·反义词：beexposedto·词形转换：cover(v.覆盖)→uncovered(adj.未覆盖的)·固定搭配：becoveredwithsnow(被雪覆盖)；becoveredwithdust(布满灰尘)·例句：Themountainiscoveredwiththicksnowallyearround.(这座山终年被厚厚的雪覆盖。)·练习题：1.She________herfacewithherhandswhensheheardthenews.(用cover的适当形式填空)答案：covered解析：主动语态，表示“用手捂住脸”，用过去式covered。2.Thegroundwas________(cover)withfallenleaves.(用适当形式)答案：covered解析：becoveredwith固定搭配，cover用过去分词。4.sandstorm·词性：名词·词义：沙尘暴·近义词：duststorm·反义词：无·词形转换：sand(n.沙子)+storm(n.风暴)→复合名词·固定搭配：aseveresandstorm(严重的沙尘暴)；sandstormwarning(沙尘暴预警)·例句：SandstormsoftenhappeninspringinnorthernChina.(中国北方春季常发生沙尘暴。)·练习题：1.The________(sand)blewintooureyesduringthestorm.(用名词适当形式)答案：sand解析：sand表示“沙子”，不可数名词，这里直接作主语。2.Manytreescanhelpreducethefrequencyofsand________(storm).(用复数)答案：storms解析：可数名词，此处表示多场沙尘暴，用复数storms。5.farmland·词性：名词·词义：耕地；农田·近义词：cropland,field·反义词：desert,wasteland·词形转换：farm(n./v.)+land(n.)→farmer(n.农民)·固定搭配：protectfarmland(保护耕地)；fertilefarmland(肥沃的农田)·例句：Thegovernmenttriestostopthelossoffarmland.(政府努力阻止耕地流失。)·练习题：1.Myuncleisa________(farm).Heworksonthefarmlandeveryday.(用名词)答案：farmer解析：指人“农民”，加-er。2.They________(farm)thatlandformanyyears.(用动词适当形式)答案：havefarmed解析：根据时间状语“formanyyears”用现在完成时。6.shortage·词性：名词·词义：短缺；不足·近义词：lack,deficiency·反义词：surplus,abundance·词形转换：short(adj.)→shortage(n.)→shorten(v.)→shortly(adv.)·固定搭配：watershortage(缺水)；foodshortage(食物短缺)；ashortageof…(缺乏……)·例句：ManyAfricancountriessufferfromwatershortage.(许多非洲国家面临缺水问题。)·练习题：1.Thedaysget________(short)inwinter.(用比较级)答案：shorter解析：冬季白昼变“更短”，用比较级。2.Weneedto________(short)thedistancebetweenthetwocities.(用动词)答案：shorten解析：表示“缩短”，动词shorten。7.lack·词性：名词&动词·词义：缺乏；不足·近义词：shortage,need·反义词：sufficiency,plenty·词形转换：lacking(adj.)(作表语时常见)·固定搭配：lackof(缺乏)；lackfornothing(什么都不缺)；belackingin(缺少……)·例句：Lackofexercisecanleadtohealthproblems.(缺乏锻炼会导致健康问题。)·练习题：1.Sheis________(lack)inconfidence.(用适当形式)答案：lacking解析：belackingin为固定搭配，表“缺乏”。2.Theydidn’tselltheproductbecauseof________(lack)ofdemand.(用名词)答案：lack解析：alackof…名词用法。8.bush·词性：名词·词义：灌木·近义词：shrub·反义词：tree(高大树木)·词形转换：bushy(adj.灌木茂密的)·固定搭配：beataroundthebush(拐弯抹角，初中可选讲)·例句：Arabbithidinthebush.(一只兔子藏在灌木丛中。)·练习题：1.Thegardenisfullof________(bush)plants.(用形容词)答案：bushy解析：修饰plants，需要形容词bushy，意为“灌木茂密的”。2.Wewalkedthroughthe________(bush)togettotheriver.(用复数)答案：bushes解析：可数名词，复数加-es。9.root·词性：名词&动词·词义：根；根源；(使)生根·近义词：origin(n.),radix·反义词：branch,top·词形转换：rooted(adj.根深蒂固的)·固定搭配：therootoftheproblem(问题的根源)；takeroot(扎根)·例句：Treeshavestrongrootstoholdthesoil.(树有强壮的根来固定土壤。)·练习题：1.Theideaisdeeply________(root)inChineseculture.(用形容词)答案：rooted解析：berootedin表示“根植于”，rooted作形容词。2.Weneedto________(root)outthecausesoftheconflict.(用动词)答案：root解析：rootout为动词短语，意为“根除”，不定式后用原形。10.soil·词性：名词·词义：土壤·近义词：earth,dirt·反义词：rock,sand·词形转换：soiled(adj.脏的，被污染的)·固定搭配：richsoil(肥沃的土壤)；soilpollution(土壤污染)·例句：Plantsneedgoodsoiltogrowwell.(植物需要好土壤才能长得好。)·练习题：1.He________(soil)hisshirtwhenhewasplantingtrees.(用动词)答案：soiled解析：soil作动词意为“弄脏”，过去式soiled。2.Thefarmerturnedoverthe________(soil)carefully.(用名词保留原形)答案：soil解析：这里soil为名词，无需变化。（以下条目按相同格式精简处理，确保每个词完整）11.sandy·词性：形容词·词义：铺满沙子的；含沙的·近义词：gritty·反义词：muddy,clayey·词形转换：sand(n.)→sandy(adj.)→sandiness(n.)·固定搭配：sandybeach(沙滩)；sandysoil(沙质土壤)·例句：Thechildrenplayedonthesandybeach.(孩子们在沙滩上玩耍。)·练习题：1.The________(sand)ofthedesertisveryfine.(用名词)答案：sand解析：定冠词后需名词，sand为不可数名词。2.Thisareais________(sand),notgoodforfarming.(用形容词)答案：sandy解析：作表语，形容词sandy。12.government·词性：名词·词义：政府·近义词：administration·反义词：opposition,people·词形转换：govern(v.)→government(n.)→governmental(adj.)·固定搭配：localgovernment(地方政府)；governmentofficial(政府官员)·例句：Thegovernmenthasbuiltmanynewschools.(政府已经建了许多新学校。)·练习题：1.Thecountryis________(govern)byanewleader.(用动词过去分词)答案：governed解析：被动语态，begovernedby。2.Weneed________(govern)supporttosolvetheproblem.(用形容词)答案：governmental解析：修饰support，用形容词governmental。13.support·词性：名词&动词·词义：支持·近义词：back,uphold·反义词：oppose,reject·词形转换：supporter(n.支持者)→supportive(adj.支持的)·固定搭配：supportsb./sth.(支持某人/某物)；insupportof(为了支持)·例句：Thankyouforyoursupport.(谢谢你的支持。)·练习题：1.Heisastrong________(support)oftheteam.(用名词)答案：supporter解析：指人“支持者”。2.Herparentsarevery________(support)ofherdecision.(用形容词)答案：supportive解析：besupportiveof表示“支持”。14.corn·词性：名词·词义：玉米；谷物(美式英语常用)·近义词：maize·反义词：无·词形转换：无直接转换，可拓展cornfield(玉米地)·固定搭配：popcorn(爆米花)；cornfield(玉米地)·例句：Wegrowcornandwheatonthefarm.(我们在农场种植玉米和小麦。)·练习题：1.Thefarmerisharvesting________(corn)inthefield.(用名词原形)答案：corn解析：corn为不可数名词，无复数变化。2.Sheboughtabagof________(corn)chips.(用复合形容词)答案：corn解析：cornchips玉米片，corn作定语。15.high-tech·词性：形容词·词义：高科技的·近义词：advanced,cutting-edge·反义词：low-tech·词形转换：technology(n.)→technological(adj.)→high-tech(adj.)·固定搭配：high-techindustry(高科技产业)；high-techproducts(高科技产品)·例句：Thissmartphoneuseshigh-techmaterials.(这款智能手机使用高科技材料。)·练习题：1.Modern________(technological)haschangedourlife.(用名词)答案：technology解析：作主语，用名词technology。2.Thecompanyfocuseson________(high-tech)fieldslikeAI.(用形容词)答案：high-tech解析：修饰名词fields，已给出形容词。16.greenhouse·词性：名词·词义：温室·近义词：glasshouse,nursery·反义词：无·词形转换：green(adj.)+house(n.)→greenhouseeffect(温室效应)·固定搭配：greenhousegas(温室气体)；greenhousefarming(温室种植)·例句：Tomatoesgrowwellinthegreenhouseinwinter.(冬天西红柿在温室里长得很好。)·练习题：1.Weneedtoreduce________(greenhouse)gasemissions.(用名词作定语)答案：greenhouse解析：greenhousegas固定搭配，greenhouse本身不变。2.The________(house)neartheriverareallpaintedgreen.(用复数)答案：houses解析：普通名词house，此处无需green，只是单独house的复数。17.highway·词性：名词·词义：公路；高速公路·近义词：expressway,freeway·反义词：localroad,path·词形转换：high+way→highwayman(古:拦路强盗)·固定搭配：takethehighway(走高速公路)；highwaypatrol(公路巡逻)·例句：Thehighwayconnectsthetwocities.(这条公路连接两个城市。)·练习题：1.Drivecarefullyonthe________(highway).(用原形)答案：highway解析：名词作宾语，无需变化。2.Theroadwas________(high)thanthesurroundingfields.(用比较级)答案：higher解析：high的比较级，指路面更高。18.railway·词性：名词·词义：铁路·近义词：railroad·反义词：road,airway·词形转换：rail+way→railwaystation(火车站)·固定搭配：railwayline(铁路线)；high-speedrailway(高速铁路)·例句：Therailwaywasbuiltin1990.(这条铁路建于1990年。)·练习题：1.The________(railway)acrossthecountryisverylong.(用单数)答案：railway解析：主语为单数，用原形。19.attraction·词性：名词·词义：向往的地方；吸引力·近义词：draw,lure·反义词：repulsion·词形转换：attract(v.)→attraction(n.)→attractive(adj.)·固定搭配：touristattraction(旅游景点)；mainattraction(主要吸引力)·例句：TheGreatWallisafamoustouristattraction.(长城是著名的旅游景点。)·练习题：1.Thebrightlights________(attraction)manyinsects.(用动词)答案：attract解析：作谓语，动词原形，主语为复数。2.Sheisan________(attract)girlwithanicesmile.(用形容词)答案：attractive解析：修饰女孩，形容词attractive。20.product·词性：名词·词义：产品·近义词：goods,merchandise·反义词：waste,rawmaterial·词形转换：produce(v.)→product(n.)→production(n.生产)·固定搭配：localproduct(本地产品)；endproduct(最终产品)·例句：Thecompany’snewproductsellswell.(公司的新产品卖得很好。)·练习题：1.Thisfactory________(product)cars.(用动词)答案：produces解析：动词produce，三单形式。2.Mass________(produce)reducesthecost.(用名词)答案：production解析：massproduction“批量生产”。21.greatly·词性：副词·词义：大大地；非常·近义词：extremely,vastly·反义词：slightly,barely·词形转换：great(adj.)→greatly(adv.)→greatness(n.)·固定搭配：greatlyimprove(大大提高)；greatlyappreciate(非常感激)·例句：Hishealthhasgreatlyimproved.(他的健康已大大改善。)·练习题：1.Sheisa________(great)womaninhistory.(用形容词)答案：great解析：修饰名词woman，用形容词。2.We________(great)needyourhelp.(用副词)答案：greatly解析：修饰动词need，用副词。22.socialist·词性：形容词&名词·词义：社会主义的；社会主义者·近义词：communist(部分语境)·反义词：capitalist·词形转换：socialism(n.)→socialist(adj./n.)→social(adj.)·固定搭配：socialistcountry(社会主义国家)；socialistconstruction(社会主义建设)·例句：Chinaisasocialistcountry.(中国是一个社会主义国家。)·练习题：1.KarlMarxwasafamous________(socialism).(用名词指人)答案：socialist解析：表示“社会主义者”。2.Theybelievein________(social)equality.(用形容词)答案：social解析：socialequality“社会平等”，social为形容词。23.e-payment·词性：名词·词义：电子支付·近义词：digitalpayment·反义词：cashpayment·词形转换：electronic(adj.)+payment(n.)→pay(v.)·固定搭配：e-paymentsystem(电子支付系统)；makeane-payment(进行电子支付)·例句：E-paymentisveryconvenientinChina.(在中国电子支付非常方便。)·练习题：24.housing·词性：名词·词义：住房；住宅·近义词：accommodation,residence·反义词：无·词形转换：house(n.)→housing(n.集合概念)·固定搭配：housingproblem(住房问题)；affordablehousing(经济适用房)·例句：Thegovernmentprovideshousingforthepoor.(政府为穷人提供住房。)·练习题：1.They________(house)thehomelessaftertheearthquake.(用动词过去式)答案：housed解析：house作动词“提供住房”，过去式。2.The________(house)priceshavegoneup.(用名词单数作定语)答案：housing解析：housingprices房价，固定用法。25.digital·词性：形容词·词义：电子的；数字的·近义词：electronic,numerical·反义词：analog,physical·词形转换：digit(n.)→digital(adj.)→digitally(adv.)·固定搭配：digitalcamera(数码相机)；digitalage(数字时代)·例句：Weliveinadigitalworld.(我们生活在数字世界。)·练习题：1.Enterthe________(digit)codetoopenthedoor.(用形容词)答案：digital解析：修饰code，用digital。2.Thenumber9isasingle________(digit).(用名词)答案：digit解析：digit意为“数字”。26.audio·词性：形容词&名词·词义：音频的；音频·近义词：sound,acoustic·反义词：video,visual·词形转换：无直接转换，注意audience(听众)同根。·固定搭配：audiobook(有声读物)；audiofile(音频文件)·例句：Theaudioqualityisveryclear.(音频质量非常清晰。)·练习题：1.Herecordedthe________(audio)forthepodcast.(用名词)答案：audio解析：作宾语，名词“音频”。2.Weneedboth________(audibly)andvideoequipment.(用形容词)答案：audio解析：修饰equipment，用形容词audio。27.dirt·词性：名词·词义：泥土；尘土·近义词：soil,dust·反义词：cleanliness·词形转换：dirty(adj.)→dirtiness(n.)·固定搭配：dirtroad(土路)；alayerofdirt(一层灰尘)·例句：Hisclotheswerecoveredindirt.(他的衣服沾满了泥土。)·练习题：1.Thekids________(dirt)theirhandsplayingoutside.(用动词过去式)答案：dirtied解析：dirty作动词“弄脏”，过去式。2.Thewateristoo________(dirt)todrink.(用形容词)答案：dirty解析：be动词后接形容词dirty。28.track·词性：名词&动词·词义：小路；轨道；追踪·近义词：path(n.),follow(v.)·反义词：losetrackof(失去线索)·词形转换：tracked(adj.有履带的)；tracking(n.)·固定搭配：ontherighttrack(走对路)；keeptrackof(记录)·例句：Thetrainrunsonthetracks.(火车在轨道上行驶。)·练习题：1.Thepolice________(track)thethiefallnight.(用过去式)答案：tracked解析：动词“追踪”的过去式。2.Helost________(track)oftime.(用名词)答案：track解析：losttrackof固定搭配。29.wide·词性：形容词·词义：宽的；宽阔的·近义词：broad·反义词：narrow·词形转换：width(n.)→widen(v.)→widely(adv.)·固定搭配：wideroad(宽阔的路)；wideopen(大开的)·例句：Theriveris100meterswide.(这条河宽100米。)·练习题：1.Theyplanto________(wide)theroad.(用动词)答案：widen解析：动词“加宽”。2.The________(wide)oftheroomis5meters.(用名词)答案：width解析：width意为“宽度”。30.link·词性：名词&动词·词义：交通路线；联系；连接·近义词：connect(v.),connection(n.)·反义词：separate,disconnect·词形转换：linkage(n.连接)·固定搭配：linkto/with(与……连接)；alinkbetween(……之间的联系)·例句：Thenewbridgelinkstheislandtothemainland.(新桥把岛屿和大陆连接起来。)·练习题：1.Thereisastrong________(link)betweensmokingandcancer.(用名词)答案：link解析：astronglink“强关联”。2.Thetwocompaniesare________(link)closely.(用过去分词作形容词)答案：linked解析：arelinked被连接，表状态。31.port·词性：名词·词义：港口·近义词：harbor,dock·反义词：inland·词形转换：portable(adj.便携的)不同义；porter(n.搬运工)·固定搭配：seaport(海港)；portcity(港口城市)·例句：Theshipwillleavetheportat6a.m.(船将在早上六点离开港口。)·练习题：1.Shanghaiisamajor________(port)inChina.(用名词原形)答案：port解析：名词“港口”。2.The________(port)carriedourluggagetothetrain.(用名词指人)答案：porter解析：porter搬运工。32.capital·词性：名词·词义：首都；资本·近义词：metropolis(首都)；funds(资本)·反义词：province,countryside·词形转换：capitalize(v.资本化)·固定搭配：capitalcity(首都)；capitalmarket(资本市场)·例句：BeijingisthecapitalofChina.(北京是中国的首都。)·练习题：1.Youneedalotof________(capital)tostartabusiness.(用名词)答案：capital解析：表“资金”，不可数。2.Thecompanywas________(capital)bytwobanks.(用动词过去分词)答案：capitalized解析：becapitalizedby由……提供资本。33.Kenyan·词性：名词&形容词·词义：肯尼亚人；肯尼亚的·近义词：无·反义词：无·词形转换：Kenya(n.肯尼亚)·固定搭配：Kenyanrunner(肯尼亚跑步运动员)·例句：TheKenyanathletewonthemarathon.(那位肯尼亚运动员赢得了马拉松。)·练习题：1.________(Kenyan)isacountryinEastAfrica.(用国家名词)答案：Kenya解析：国家名Kenya。2.Many________(Kenyan)speakSwahili.(用复数名词指人)答案：Kenyans解析：指肯尼亚人，复数加s。34.benefit·词性：动词&名词·词义：得益于；使受益；益处·近义词：profit(v./n.),advantage(n.)·反义词：harm,disadvantage·词形转换：beneficial(adj.)·固定搭配：benefitfrom(从……中获益)；beofbenefitto(对……有益)·例句：Regularexercisebenefitsyourhealth.(经常锻炼有益健康。)·练习题：1.Readingis________(benefit)toyourmind.(用形容词)答案：beneficial解析：bebeneficialto对……有益。2.Whowill________(benefit)fromthenewpolicy?(用动词原形)答案：benefit解析：will后接动词原形。35.behappywith·词性：形容词短语·词义：对……感到满意·近义词：besatisfiedwith,bepleasedwith·反义词：beunhappywith,bedissatisfiedwith·词形转换：happiness(n.)→happily(adv.)·固定搭配：behappywiththeresult(对结果满意)·例句：Sheisveryhappywithhernewjob.(她对她的新工作很满意。)·练习题：1.Everyonewantstofind________(happy)inlife.(用名词)答案：happiness解析：findhappiness找到幸福。2.Hesmiled________(happy)whenhesawthegift.(用副词)答案：happily解析：修饰动词smiled，用副词。36.convenient·词性：形容词·词义：方便的·近义词：handy,accessible·反义词：inconvenient·词形转换：convenience(n.)→conveniently(adv.)·固定搭配：itisconvenientforsb.todosth.(某人方便做某事)·例句：Itisconvenienttopaybymobilephone.(用手机支付很方便。)·练习题：1.Onlineshoppingbringsgreat________(convenient)tous.(用名词)答案：convenience解析：greatconvenience极大的便利。2.Thebusstopis________(convenient)locatedneartheschool.(用副词)答案：conveniently解析：修饰located，用副词。37.business·词性：名词·词义：生意；商业；职责·近义词：commerce,trade·反义词：leisure,hobby·词形转换：busy(adj.)→business(n.)→businessman(n.)·固定搭配：onbusiness(出差)；dobusinesswith(与……做生意)·例句：HeisinShanghaionbusiness.(他在上海出差。)·练习题：1.Sherunsasmall________(busy).(用名词)答案：business解析：runabusiness经营生意。2.Theshopsarevery________(business)onweekends.(用形容词)答案：busy解析：bebusy繁忙。38.ease·词性：名词&动词·词义：容易；自在；缓解·近义词：comfort(n.),relieve(v.)·反义词：difficulty,discomfort·词形转换：easy(adj.)→easily(adv.)→ease(n.)·固定搭配：withease(轻而易举地)；easepain(缓解疼痛)·例句：Hepassedthetestwithease.(他轻而易举地通过了考试。)·练习题：1.Thisquestionis________(ease)forme.(用形容词)答案：easy解析：beeasyforsb.2.She________(ease)theheavyboxontothetable.(用动词过去式)答案：eased解析：ease作动词“小心地移动”，过去式。39.withease·词性：介词短语，作状语·词义：轻而易举地·近义词：easily,effortlessly·反义词：withdifficulty·固定搭配：同短语本身·例句：Theathleteclearedthehurdlewithease.(运动员轻松跨过栏杆。)·练习题（由于是短语，结合ease考查）：1.Shesolvedtheproblem________(ease).(填介词短语)答案：withease解析：固定搭配“轻松地”。2.Itis________(ease)tosaythantodo.(用比较级形容词)答案：easier解析：easy的比较级。40.lorry·词性：名词·词义：卡车（英式）·近义词：truck(美式)·反义词：无·词形转换：lorrydriver(卡车司机)·固定搭配：bylorry(用卡车运输)·例句：Alorrycarriesgoodsacrossthecountry.(卡车在全国各地运送货物。)·练习题：1.Several________(lorry)wereparkedintheyard.(用复数)答案：lorries解析：以y结尾，变y为i加es。2.Thegoodswere________(lorry)totheport.(用动词，注意这里一般不用lorry做动词，可改为truck作动词。但题目要求转换，建议改：使用“transportedbylorry”。此处灵活：Thegoodswereloadedonto________(lorry).用复数）答案：lorries解析：ontolorries指多辆卡车。（为确保正确，不用lorry作动词，改为名词填空更佳。）41.manager·词性：名词·词义：经理·近义词：director,boss·反义词：employee,worker·词形转换：manage(v.)→management(n.)→manager(n.)·固定搭配：generalmanager(总经理)；managetime(管理时间)·例句：Themanagerisinchargeoftheteam.(经理负责这个团队。)·练习题：1.He________(manager)abigcompany.(用动词三单)答案：manages解析：manage作动词，主语he三单。2.Goodtime________(manage)isimportant.(用名词)答案：management解析：timemanagement时间管理。42.conclusion·词性：名词·词义：总结；结论·近义词：finding,deduction·反义词：beginning,introduction·词形转换：conclude(v.)→conclusive(adj.)→concluding(adj.)·固定搭配：drawaconclusion(得出结论)；inconclusion(总之)·例句：Inconclusion,I’dliketothankeveryone.(总之，我想感谢大家。)·练习题：1.He________(conclusion)hisspeechwithajoke.(用动词过去式)答案：concluded解析：conclude“结束”，过去式。2.Thereisno________(conclude)evidence.(用形容词)答案：conclusive解析：conclusiveevidence确凿证据。43.narrow·词性：形容词·词义：狭窄的·近义词：tight,slender·反义词：wide,broad·词形转换：narrowly(adv.)→narrowness(n.)→narrow(v.变窄)·固定搭配：narrowroad(狭窄的路)；anarrowescape(九死一生)·例句：Thegapistoonarrowforacar.(缝隙太窄，汽车过不去。)·练习题：1.Theroad________(narrow)atthebridge.(用动词三单)答案：narrows解析：动词“变窄”，主语三单。2.He________(narrow)missedthebus.(用副词)答案：narrowly解析：narrowlymissed“差点错过”。44.villager·词性：名词·词义：村民·近义词：peasant,ruraldweller·反义词：citydweller,urbanite·词形转换：village(n.)→villager(n.)→suburban(adj.郊区的)·固定搭配：localvillagers(当地村民)·例句：Thevillagershelpedthelostchild.(村民们帮助了迷路的孩子。)·练习题：1.Helivesinasmall________(village).(用名词)答案：village解析：asmallvillage小村庄。2.Many________(village)growtheirownfood.(用复数)答案：villagers解析：指多个村民。45.theOlympics·词性：专有名词·词义：奥林匹克运动会·近义词：OlympicGames·反义词：无·词形转换：Olympic(adj.)→Olympian(n./adj.)·固定搭配：hosttheOlympics(举办奥运会)；WinterOlympics(冬奥会)·例句：TheOlympicsareheldeveryfouryears.(奥运会每四年举办一次。)·练习题：1.Shewonan________(Olympics)goldmedal.(用形容词)答案：Olympic解析：Olympicgoldmedal奥运金牌。2.The________(Olympics)athletetrainedveryhard.(用形容词形式，但Olympic即可)答案：Olympic解析：Olympicathlete奥运运动员。46.lead·词性：动词(led,led)&名词·词义：带领；过（某种生活）；领先地位；主角·近义词：guide(v.),star(n.)·反义词：follow(v.),supportingrole(n.)·词形转换：leader(n.)→leadership(n.)→misleading(adj.)·固定搭配：leadto(导致)；leadasimplelife(过简朴生活)；takethelead(领先)·例句：Thisroadleadstothestation.(这条路通往车站。)·练习题：1.Hiscarelessness________(lead)totheaccident.(用过去式)答案：led解析：lead的过去式是led。2.Sheisaborn________(lead).(用名词)答案：leader解析：bornleader天生的领导者。47.man-made·词性：形容词·词义：人造的；非天然的·近义词：artificial,synthetic·反义词：natural,organic·词形转换：man(n.)+made(p.p.)→复合形容词·固定搭配：man-madesatellite(人造卫星)；man-madedisaster(人为灾难)·例句：Thelakeisman-made,notnatural.(这个湖是人造的，不是天然的。)·练习题：1.Many________(man-made)objectsorbittheEarth.(用形容词)答案：man-made