备战2026年高考英语新热点时文阅读5（含答案与解析）

备战2026年高考时文阅读5（每个2.5分，共37.5分）文章导读阅读理解 A篇：不同国家独特的圣诞节传统B篇：聚焦于动物如何感知和发出声音的书C篇：DeepMind利用人工智能工具预测大量新材料及其对材料科学的影响 D篇：这篇文章主要探讨了**"追求幸福"与"寻找人生意义"的关系。ABigguns.Insteadofcoal,AustriankidswhoenduponSanta’snaughtylist,arevisitedbyKrampus-ahairy,hornedbeast-onChristmasEve,whothenputsthemintothehalf-goat-demonparadethroughthestreets.

Witchesandwine.

Likemostfamiliesaroundtheworld,theItalianscelebrateChristmaswithawine-drinkingwitch,whoisn’tactuallyamemberoftheirfamily.TwelvedaysafterChristmas,ontheEpiphany(January5),familiesacrossItalyleaveoutaglassofvinoandaplateoflasagnafor“LaBefana”-thegoodwitchoftheholidayseason.Befanapopsdownthechimneyonherbroomsticktodeliverpresentstothechildreninside.Wellbehavedchildrenfindlollipopsintheirstockings,whilethenaughtyonesgetcoal.LaBefana’sstoryiscloselyconnectedwiththenativitystory.

WewishyouapoopingChristmas.

No,that’snotatypo.InSpain,itisbelievedtohavestartedasagood-old-pagantradition.TheCatalansthinkthatCagaTió-whichisnotonebuttwo-log-likefigureswithaface,istheonewho“poops”outpresentsforchildren.OnChristmasEve,childrenbeatthelogwithstickswhilesingingasongaskingittopoopouttheirgifts.Themoretheybeat,themoregiftstheyget.

Jinglebells,someone’sinthere.

MostfamiliesstickjinglebellsunderablankettomakesurethatgoodluckvisitsthemduringChristmas.1.WhatdoAustrianchildrenexpectonChristmasEve?

A.Avisitfromawine-witch. B.AvisitfromKrampus.

C.GiftsfromBefana. D.Tohitawoodenfigure.2.WhendoestheItaliantraditionofBefanatakeplace?

A.OnDecember25th. B.OnDecember24th.

C.OnJanuary5th. D.OnJanuary6th.3.Accordingtothetext,whatisthepurposeofputtingjinglebellsunderablanket?

A.Tomakesurethereisavisitfromawitch.

B.ToensureagoodsleepduringChristmas.

C.Tomakeawoodenfigure“poop”gifts.

D.TobringgoodluckduringChristmas.BInthebook

TheSoundsofLife,authorKarenBakkerdelvesintothefascinatingworldofhowanimalssensesound,eventhosewithoutears.Thisexplorationrevealsthenoisesthatstrikefearintotheheartsofelephantsandexplainswhybatsrelyonecholocation.Bakkertakesreadersonajourneythroughtenchapters,eachfocusingonadifferentorganism,fromsingingwhalesanddancinghoneybeestogrowingturtles.Byintroducingreaderstotheemergingfieldofdigitalbioacoustics,shehelpsusunderstandthemeaningsbehindthesoundsanimalsmake.Thesesoundshavebecomecrucialkeystounderstandingandconservingspeciesandecosystems.Forinstance,thesoundsmadebybatsarefarmorecomplexthanweoncethought.Beyondjustthefunctionalaspects,somebatspeciesevenhavebehaviorssimilartohumanones.Youngbatslearn“courtshipsongs”fromtheirfathers,muchlikehumanjuvenileslearningfromelders.Meanwhile,real-timelisteningstationsareplayingasignificantroleinreducingthenumberofshipstrikesontheNorthAtlanticrightwhale,oneofthemostendangeredmarinemammalsinNorthAmerica.Bakkeralsolookstothefuture,imaginingatimewhenartificialintelligence-enabledrobotscouldmonitorbiodiversityinanimalworldsthroughbattery-lessaudiorecordingnetworks.Althoughthebook'svocabularymightbeabitchallengingforsome,itoffersathought-provokingandrigorouslookatourunderstandingoftheanimalsoundscape.Comparedtootherbooksthattouchonbioacoustics,

TheSoundsofLife

meticulouslyresearchesandconnectsvariousaspectsofthefield,makingitaccessibletoawiderangeofreaders.Itcombineselementsofanimalecology,science-doingnarratives,futurism,andaccountsofIndigenousknowledge,presentingarichandinterdisciplinaryview.1.Whatisthemainfocusofthebook

TheSoundsofLife?

A.Thelanguageofdifferentanimalspecies.

B.Howanimalssenseandmakesounds.

C.Therelationshipbetweenanimalsandhumans.

D.Thefutureofartificialintelligenceinanimalresearch.2.Whyarethesoundsmadebyanimalsimportantaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theycanbeusedtocreatenewlanguages.

B.Theyhelpusunderstandandprotectspeciesandecosystems.

C.Theyshowtheuniqueintelligenceofeachanimal.

D.Theyaretheonlywaytostudyanimalbehavior.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthebook

TheSoundsofLife

fromthepassage?

A.Itonlyfocusesonafewcommonanimals.

B.Itsvocabularyistoosimpleformostreaders.

C.Itcombinesmultiplefieldsofknowledge.

D.Ithasbeenwidelyusedinanimalconservation.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Bats'soundsaresimplerthanpreviouslythought.

B.Real-timelisteningstationshavenoeffectonprotectingwhales.

C.Thebookmayinspirereaderstothinkabouttheanimalsoundworld.

D.Artificialintelligence-enabledrobotsarealreadywidelyusedinanimalmonitoring.CDeepMind,anAIinnovatorunderGoogle,hasmaderemarkableprogressinmaterialsscience.Thematerialscookbookhassuddenlygrownmuchlarger.Moderntechnologieslikesmartphonesandplanesrelyonjust20,000inorganicmaterials,mostlydiscoveredthroughtrialanderror.Scientistshavepredictedbutnotmadetensofthousandsmore.

Thisweek,researchersreportedanewartificialintelligence(AI)tool.WiththisAI,calledGNoME,theypredictedthepropertiesofanother2.2millionmaterials.Inacompanionstudy,aseparateteamhasshownthatsuchpredictedmaterialscanbemadeefficientlywiththehelpofAI.

Fortheircurrentwork,DeepMindresearchersuseddataon48,000knownandpredictedmaterialsfromthecompany'sdatabaseandotherrelatedones.Theytrainedan"activelearning"AImodel.Afterseveralrounds,GNoMEwoundupwithpredictionsforthe2.2millionnewmaterials.

Thepredictions,publishedinNature,areanotherachievementforDeepMind.Lastmonth,theydescribedanAIthatcouldpredicttheweatherasaccuratelyaslargesupercomputer-drivenmodels.Now,thisnewworkinmaterialsscienceisliketheAlphaFoldequivalentformaterialsscience.AlphaFoldisanAIthat'sabletopredictthe3Dshapeofhundredsofmillionsofproteinsfromtheiraminoacidsequencealone.

Researcherssaytherevolutioninmaterialsscienceiscoming,withAIprogramsandrobotspoweringthesearchfornovelmaterialsinelectronics,batteries,andsolarcells.It'sveryimpressive,saysAndrewRosen,acomputationalmaterialschemistatImperialCollegeLondon.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Theprocessofdiscoveringnewmaterials.

B.TheachievementsofDeepMindinpredictingnewmaterialsanditsimpactonmaterialsscience.

C.ThecomparisonbetweendifferentAIsdevelopedbyDeepMind.

D.Theroleofrobotsinmaterialsscience.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutGNoME?

A.Itcanonlypredict20,000materials.

B.Itwastrainedondatafromonlyonedatabase.

C.Itpredictedthepropertiesof2.2millionnewmaterials.

D.ItisnotrelatedtoAI.

3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.AIhasnoroleinmaterialsscience.

B.Thediscoveryofnewmaterialswillhavenoimpactontechnology.

C.DeepMind'sworkmayleadtosignificantchangesinvariousfields.

D.Predictingmaterialsisaneasytask.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"revolution"inthepassageprobablymean?

A.smallchange. B.majortransformation.

C.slowprogress. D.nochange.DDrMax,ahospitaldoctor,author,andcolumnist,delvesintoathought-provokingquestion:Isthepursuitofhappinessmoreimportantthanthesearchforpurposeinlife?

We'reconstantlytoldthatbeinghappyiscrucial.ButDrMaxsuggeststhere'smoretolifethanjustchasinghappiness.Purehedonism,thepursuitofpleasure,quicklylosesitsappeal.Instead,ourlivesgainmeaningandasenseofpurpose.

Toillustratehispoint,hepresentsathought-experiment.Imaginescientistsinventamachinethatcanbehookeduptoyourbrain.Thismachinecanstimulateyourbraintocreateeverypleasurableexperienceyoucouldeverdesire,fromreadinganinterestingbooktohavingagreattimewithabestfriend.It'ssowell-designedthatyoucan'ttellthedifferencebetweenthefeelingsitgeneratesandthosefromreal-lifeexperiences.You'dbecompletelyunawarethatyou'reactuallyfloatinginatank,isolatedfromtherealworld,withelectrodesinyourbrain.

Then,you'regivenachoice:behookeduptothemachinefortherestofyourlifeorchoosereallife.Mostpeoplewouldoptforreallife,eventhoughitmeansfacingdiscomfort,sorrow,andsadnessattimes.Thisidea,firstproposedbyphilosopherRobertNozickinthe1970s,aimstoshowthatthereareaspectsoflifebeyondpurepleasureandhappiness.

1.WhatisthemainquestionDrMaxexplores?

A.Howtobeahappyperson.

B.Whetherthepursuitofhappinessismoresignificantthanthequestforpurpose.

C.Whatthemeaningoflifeis.

D.Howtocreateamachineforpleasurableexperiences.

2.Whydoespurehedonismloseitsappealaccordingtothepassage?

A.Becauseitcan'tbringrealhappiness.

B.Becauseitmakespeopleisolatedfromtherealworld.

C.Becauselife'smeaningandpurposearemoreimportant.

D.Becauseitonlyfocusesonshort-termpleasure.

3.Whatcanweinferfromthethought-experiment?

A.Peoplepreferalifefullofpleasure.

B.Themachineforpleasurableexperiencesalreadyexists.

C.Mostpeoplevaluereal-lifeexperiencesmore.

D.Happinessisnotimportantatallinreallife.

4.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningRobertNozick?

A.Tointroduceafamousphilosopher.

B.Toshowtheoriginofthethought-experiment.

C.ToproveDrMax'sideaiswrong.

D.Tocomparedifferentviewsonhappiness.

【答案】A1.B文中提到“Insteadofcoal,AustriankidswhoenduponSanta’snaughtylist,arevisitedbyKrampus-ahairy,hornedbeast-onChristmasEve”，说明奥地利孩子在圣诞夜期待的是Krampus的到来，所以选B。A选项葡萄酒女巫是意大利传统中的角色；C选项Befana是意大利给孩子送礼物的角色；D选项打木像是西班牙的传统，均不符合奥地利孩子的情况。2.C根据“TwelvedaysafterChristmas,ontheEpiphany(January5),familiesacrossItalyleaveoutaglassofvinoandaplateoflasagnafor“LaBefana””可知，意大利关于Befana的传统发生在1月5日，所以选C。3.D由“MostfamiliesstickjinglebellsunderablankettomakesurethatgoodluckvisitsthemduringChristmas.”可知，把铃铛放在毯子下是为了在圣诞节带来好运，所以选D。B1.B根据文中“Inthebook

TheSoundsofLife,authorKarenBakkerdelvesintothefascinatingworldofhowanimalssensesound,eventhosewithoutears”可知，这本书主要聚焦于动物如何感知和发出声音，所以选B。2.B从“Thesesoundshavebecomecrucialkeystounderstandingandconservingspeciesandecosystems”可知，动物发出的声音重要是因为它们帮助我们理解和保护物种及生态系统，所以选B。3.C依据“Itcombineselementsofanimalecology,science-doingnarratives,futurism,andaccountsofIndigenousknowledge,presentingarichandinterdisciplinaryview”可知，这本书结合了多个领域的知识，所以选C。4.C根据“Althoughthebook'svocabularymightbeabitchallengingforsome,itoffersathought-provokingandrigorouslookatourunderstandingoftheanimalsoundscape”可推断出，这本书可能会激发读者对动物声音世界的思考，所以选C。C1.B文章主要介绍了DeepMind利用人工智能工具GNoME预测大量新材料及其对材料科学的影响，包括可能带来的在电子、电池和太阳能电池等领域的变革，B选项准确概括了主旨。

2.C文中明确提到“WiththisAI,calledGNoME,theypredictedthepropertiesofanother2.2millionmaterials.”，C选项正确；A选项与原文不符，GNoME预测了220万种