考博英语模拟试卷292

考博英语模拟试卷292

一、词汇（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

1、AMonitor/TIPPpolllastmonthfoundthatyoungpeopleandseniorsheldsimilar

viewswhenaskedtotheimportanceofUSmilitaryactiontoremoveSaddam

Husseinfrompowerinthenextmonths.

A^advocate

B>foresee

C、supervise

D^gauge

标准答案：D

知识点解析：D项“gauge评价”符合题意,如：Itriedtogaugehowmanypeople

werethere.（我想估计出那里有多少人。）其他三项“A项advocate提倡，鼓吹；B

项foresee预见，预知；C项supervise监督，管理”都不正确。本题空格处是说对美

国军事行动的重要性进行评价。因此D项为正确答案。

2、Thenewspaperreportedontheinitiativeoftheorganizationtoestablishaprivate

companytoprofessionallyprisonersduetobereleasedfromprison.

A、habilitate

B、rehabilitate

C、preclude

D、prelude

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题中，B项“rehabilitate改造，再教育”符合题意。其他三项“A项

habilitale提高周转资金，予以穿着；C项preclude排除；D项prelude为...为

序，以……开头”都不正确。因此B项为正确答案。

3、Ifallthevirusesontheplanetweretodisappear,aglobalcatastrophewould,

andthenaturalecosystemsoftheearthwouldcollapseinaspectacularcrashunder

burgeoningpopulationsofinsects.

A、varnish

B、disperse

C、contaminate

D^ensue

标准答案：D

知识点解析：D项“ensue跟着发生，继起”符合题意。如：Ahandgrenadeexploded

byaccidentandIgotlostintheensuingconfusion.（枚手榴弹意外地发生了爆炸，接

曾是片混乱，使我不知所措。）其他三项“A项varnish修饰，掩饰；B项disperse分

散；C项conlaminale污染”都不正确。本题空格处是说场全球性的大灾难将会跟着

发生。因此D项为正确答案。

4、Thesolutionwassimple:gasthebuildingwithahallucinogenandputtheterroriststo

sleepbeforetheycouldthebombsinthebuilding.Anditworked.

A、detonate

B、dismantle

C、demolish

D、desert

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A项“detonate引爆”符合题意。其他三项“B项dismanUe拆除；C项

detoolish破坏；D项desert放弃，逃跑''都不正确。本题空格处是说在大楼里引爆

炸弹。因此A项为正确答案。

5、Ms.Rice,withcustomaryclass,simplyexpressedhopethatthisepisodewouldn't

thecharilyinspiteofthepreviousscandals.

A、taint

B、enhance

C、sprain

D^sponsor

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题中，A项“taint使腐败，使污染，弄脏”符合题意，如：Bad

bookswilltainttheyoungmind.（坏书会毒害年轻人的思想。）其他三项“B项

enhance提高；C项sprain扭伤；D项sponsor发起，主办”都不正确。因此A项为

正确答案。

6、Theseexamplesshowthatopennessandtheabilitytochangebringscouplesagiant

stepclosertothemaritalharmonythey.

A、request

B、negotiate

C、crave

D、detest

标准答案：C

知识点解析：C项“crave渴望”符合题意，如：craveaftersympathy（渴望同情）。其

他三项“A项request请求，要求；B项negotiate协商；D项detest厌恶”都不正确。

本题空格处是说他们所渴望的和谐融洽的婚姻。因此C项为正确答案。

7、FirstlaunchedinAprilthisyear,.NetMySingaporealsoincludeseffortsthat

training,development,andtheexplorationofnewtechnologiesbasedon.

A、obliterate

sequester

C、encompass

D、terminate

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题中，C项“encompass包围”符合题意，如：Thecoursewill

encompassphysics,chemistryandbiology.（课程将包括物理、化学和生物学。）其

他三项“A项oblileraie删除；B项sequester扣压，没收，使隐退；D项lerminale终

结，结束:“都不正确。因此C项为正确答案。

8、AnxietyisbelievedtodiabetesbyraisinglevelsofthestresshormoneCortisol

whichregulatesinsulinandblood-sugarlevels.

A、impede

B、exacerbate

C、inherit

D、facilitate

标准答案：B

知识点解析：B项“exacerbate恶化”符合题意，如：aspeechthatexacerbatedracial

tensions（个加剧了种族间紧张的演讲）。其他三项“A项impede阻止：C项inherit继

承；D项fadlitate帮助，推动”都不正确。本题空格处是说焦虑被认为会使糖尿病

恶化。因此B项为正确答案。

9、Lastweek,theIISbishopsadoptedrulestotakepriestswhominorsoutofany

ministerialactivities.

A^administer

B、generate

C^implicate

D、molest

标准答案：A

知识点解析:本题中，A项“administer管理”符合题意,如:administerthe

country（管理国家）。其他三项“B项generate产生；C项implicate暗示;D项molest

骚扰，困扰”都不正确。因此A项为正确答案。

10、ThereislittlereasontobelievethattheUnitedStateswillfromitsstatedgoal

ofregimechangeinIraq.

A、backdown

B、blowoff

C>popup

D、stepup

标准答案：A

知识点解析:A项“backdown放弃，让步”符合题意,如：Hehasbackeddownfrom

thepusiliviihelouklastv/cck.（他已放弃他上星期所采取的立场。）其他三项“B项

blowoff吹掉，放出；C项popup突然出现；D项stepup提升”都不正确。本题空

格处是说放弃制定的目标。因此A项为正确答案。

标准答案：D

知识点解析：D项“avert避免”符合题意，如：Accidentscanbeavertedbycareful

driving.（谨慎驾驶可避免发生事故。）其他三项“A项dispel驱逐，驱散；B项

revert恢复；C项Iransfer转移”都不正确。本题空格处是说避免了破产。因此D项

为正确答案。

15>TheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilestablishedtheICTRin1995totrythealleged

perpetratorsofthe1994inRwandathatclaimedthelivesofmorethan800,000

people.

A^genocide

B、immigration

C、discrimination

D^election

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A项“genocide有计划的灭种和屠杀”符合题意。其他三项“B项

immigration移民：C项discrimination歧视；D项election选举”都不正确。本题空

格处是说1994年在卢旺达进行种族大屠杀的罪犯。因此A项为正确答案。

16、Ifyouworkforamajorcorporation,orarecontractedatone,soonerorlater,you

maybecalledupontocreateormaintainaninternalwebsite.Herearetheof

intranets.

A^insandouts

B、inapinch

C^inacleftstick

D^inabreeze

标准答案：A

知识点解析:A项“insandouts细节”符合题意。其他三项“B项inapinch在紧要关

头；C项inacleftstick进退两难;D项inabreeze不费力地”都不正确。本题空格

处是说这是企业内部互联网的细节问题。因此A项为止确答案。

17、Youareexposedtoobtrusiveadsthatseeminglyfromnowhereevenwhen

youaredisconnectedfromtheNet,andyourpersonalinformationisgatheredandsent

offwithoutyoubeingawareofit.

A、sizeup

dwindleaway

C、conjureup

D、popup

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题中，D项“popup突然出现”符合题意。其他三项“A项sizeup评

估的大小;B项dwindleaway减少，缩小；C项conjureup用魔法召唤”都不正

确。因此D项为正确答案。

18、Asapsychotherapistwithmanypatientsintheir20's,Icanthefactthatnot

onlydomostofthemnothaveanyhealthinsurance,buttheyalsodonotexpectitasa

conditionoflivinginthiscountry.

A、attestto

B、contributeto

C、modify

D、interdict

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题中，A项“attestto证实，证明”符合题意，如：Thechild'sgood

healthatteststohismother'scare.（这孩子健康的身体证实他母亲照料周到。）其他

三项“B项contributeto捐献；C项modify修改；D项interdicl阻断''都不正确。因

此A项为正确答案。

19、Ifyoudevelopareputationfbrbeingabletokeepsecretsotherswilltowards

youwithusefulnewsandgossip.

A、feelconstrained

B、feelexcluded

C、propel

D、gravitate

标准答案：D

知识点解析：D项“gravitate（to）被吸引”符合题意,Inthe19thcenturyindustry

gravitatedtowardsthenorthofEngland.（19世纪中，英国的工业移向北方。）其他三

项“A项feelconstrained感觉拘束的;B项feelexcluded感觉被排斥的；C项propel

推进''都不正确。本题空格处是说其他人将被你吸引。因此D项为正确答案。

20、Earlysignsofseenintheherbalmedicinestudyareextremelyencouraging

andbaseduponthesedata,wearenowplanningaregistrationprogram.

A^faculty

B、reception

C^deterioration

D、efficacy

标准答案：D

知识点解析：D项“efficacy功效”符合题意，如：Thisplanwouldhavesomeefficacy

inpreventinganydanger.（这计划对于防止危险会有些效力。）其他三项“A项

faculty才能，我能；B项receplion接待，接收；C项deterioration变坏，堕落”都不

正确。本题空格处是说在草药研究中看到的早期功效的迹象。因此D项为正确答

案。

二、阅读理解（本题共24题，每题1.0分，共24分。）

Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorestressedat

homethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople'sCortisol,whichisastressmarker.

whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatis

supposedtobeaplaceofrefuge."Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefound

thatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,"writesone

oftheresearchers,SarahDamaske.Infactwomenevensaytheyfeelbetteratwork,she

notes.nItismen,notwomen,whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatwork.MAnother

surpriseisthatfindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrenandwithout,butmoreso

fornonparents.Thisiswhypeoplewhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.What

thestudydoesn'tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey'reathome,

whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,the

endoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergetto

leavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplaying

catchup-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefront

lagswellbehindtheworkplaceamakingadjustmentsfbrworkingwomen,it'snot

surprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butit'snotjustagenderthing.At

work,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey'resupposedtobedoing:working,marking

money,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisvery

pure:Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-

sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthe

householdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.There

arealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhome

colleagues—yourfamily—havenoclearrewardsfbrtheirlabor;theyneedtobetalked

intoit,orifthey'reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.

Plus,they'reyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohome

fromhome.Soit'snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethe

tasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workcrsarcmuchhardertomotivate.

21、AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此题细节信息定位到第一段第句话：“Anewstudysuggeststhat

contrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.”即

与绝大部分研究相反，人们在家里的压力要大于工作中。所以，A项“offered

greaterrelaxationthantheworkplace”的说法符合文意，因此选择A*

22、AccordingtoDamaske,whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此题细节信息定位到第二段第三、四句话：“Itismennotwomen,

whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatwork...butmoresofbrnonparents.”即男人在

家比在工作中更高兴的情况对于有孩子的和没有孩子的都是这样，尤其是对于没有

孩子的更是如此。故选择C。

23、Theblurringofworkingwomen'srolesreferstothefactthat.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题要在理解第三段之后进行推断。第三段第二句话中说到，“For

manymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback”；第五句话中说到“Withthe

blurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplacea

makingadjustmentsforworkingwomen...所以可知，女人离开办公室之后还有很

多的家务活耍做，因此选择D。

24>Theword"moola"(Line4,Para.4)mostprobablymeans.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此题要在理解第四段之后进行推断所给单词的意思。第四段第二句话

中说至U：“Atwork...they'resupposedtobedoing：working,markingmoney,

doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.”第三句话中又说到：“The

bargainisverypure：Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployee

drawsoutlifesustainingmoola.”所以,此处意为为了家里的收入工作,雇员付出劳

动来换得维持生活的收入。“moola”有他们挣得的收入的意思，对应原文中的

“income”词,因此选择Co

25、Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此题细节信息定位到最后一段第、二句话："Soi「snotsurprisingmat

peoplearcmorestressedathome.Notonlyarcthetasksapparentlyinfinite,the

coworkersaremuchhardertomotivate.”即人们对于家若活很少分得很清楚，所

以，“seldom”相当于“Rare”，“clearcut”相当于“clinically”，A项的说法符合原文，

因此选择A。

ThetwoclawsofthematureAmericanlobsteraredecidedlydifferentfromeachother.

Thecrusherclawisshortandstout;thecutterclawislongandslender.Suchbilateral

asymmetry,inwhichthefightsideofthebodyis,inallotherrespects,amirrorimageof

theleftside,isnotunlikehandednessinhumans.Butwherethemajorityofhumansare

right-handed,inlobstersthecrasherclawappearswithequalprobabilityoneitherthe

rightsideorleftsideofthebody.Bilateralasymmetryoftheclawscomesabout

gradually.Inthejuvenilefourthandfifthstagesofdevelopment,thepairedclawsare

symmetricalandcutterlike.Asymmetrybeginstoappearinthejuvenilesixthstageof

development,andthepairedclawsfurtherdivergetowardwell-definedcutterandcrusher

clawsduringsucceedingstages.Anintriguingaspectofthisdevelopmentwasdiscovered

byVictorEmmer.Hefoundthatifoneofthepairedclawsisremovedduringthefourth

orfifthstage,theintactclawinvariablybecomesacrusher,whiletheregeneratedclaw

becomesacutter.Removalofaclawduringalaterjuvenilestageorduringadulthood,

whenasymmetryispresent,doesnotaltertheasymmetry;theintactandregenerateclaws

retaintheiroriginalstructures.Theseobservationsindicatethattheconditionsthattrigger

differentiationmustoperateinarandommannerwhenthepairedclawsareintact,butina

nonrandommannerwhenoneoftheclawsislost.Onepossibleexplanationisthat

differentialuseoftheclawsdeterminestheirasymmetry.Perhapstheclawthatisused

morebecomesthecrusher.Thiswouldexplainwhy,whenoneoftheclawsismissing

duringthefourthorfifthstage,theintactclawalwaysbecomesacrusher.Withtwointact

claws,initialuseofoneclawmightprompttheanimaltouseitmorethantheother

throughoutthejuvenilefourthandfifthstages,causingittobecomeacrusher.Totestthis

hypothesis,researchersraisedlobstersinthejuvenileiburthandfifthstagesof

developmentinalaboratoryenvironmentinwhichthelobsterscouldmanipulateoyster

chips.(Notcoincidentally,atthisstageofdevelopmentlobsterstypicallychangefroma

habitatwheretheydriftpassively,totheoceanfloorwheretheyhavetheopportunityto

bemoreactivebyborrowinginthesubstrate.)Undertheseconditions,thelobsters

developedasymmetricclaws,halfwithcrusherclawsontheleft,andhalfwithcrusher

clawsontheright.Incontrast,whenjuvenilelobstersv/ererearedinasmoothtank

withouttheoysterchips,themajoritydevelopedtwocutterclaws.Thisunusual

configurationofsymmetricalcutterclawsdidnotchangewhenthelobsterswere

subsequentlyplacedinama-nipulableenvironmentorwhentheylostandregenerated

oneorbothclaws.

26、Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，只有D项为正确答案。这可从文中的内容推

知，即本文都是围绕龙"不对称螯的形成原因展开讨论，科学家们试图通过试验向

人们解释这现象。

27、Whichofthefollowingexperimentalresults,ifobserved,wouldmostclearly

contradictthefindingsofVictorEmmer?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，只有B项为正确答案。这可从文中的内容推

知，即VictorEmmcr的发现是：如果在龙虾生长的第四或第五期弄掉它只鳌的

话，那么完好的那只螯就会成为crusherclaw,而再生的就会成为ewerclaw。但如

果这发生在这生长期之后，那么龙虾的已有结构就不会改变了。

28、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatonedifferencebetweenlobstersintheearlier

stagesofdevelopmentandthoseinthejuvenilefourthandfifthstagesisthatlobstersin

theearlystagesare.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，只有A项为正确答案。这可从文中最后一段的

内容推知，即龙虾螯不对称的形成是在第四和第五期，因为这时期龙虾的生活环境

发生改变，它们开始使用螯工作，而在这之前它们只是在被动地随波逐流。

29、Whichofthefollowingconditionsdocsthepassagesuggestisapossiblecausefor

thefailureofalobstertodevelopacrusherclaw?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，只有D项为正确答案。这可从文中的最后两句

话“Incontrast,whenjuvenilelobsterswererearedinasmoothtankwithouttheoyster

chips,themajoritydevelopedtwocutterclaws.Thisunusualconfigurationof

symmetricalcutterclawsdidnotchangewhenthelobstersweresubsequentlyplacedina

manipulableenvironmentorwhentheylostandregeneratedoneorbothclaws.“推知，

即在没有可以操作的对象的环境中长大的龙虾是不会长出crusherclaw的。

30、Theauthorregardstheideathatdifferentiationistriggeredrandomlywhenpaired

clawsremainintactas.

标准答案：B

知识点解析•：本题的四个选项中，只有B项为正确答案。这可从文中第三段的第

句话“Theseobservationsindicatethattheconditionsthattriggerdifferentiationmust

operateinarandommannerwhenthepairedclawsareintact,butinanonrandom

mannerwhenoneoftheclawsislost.”推知，即这个观点是有证据支持的，但这些

证据只能说明它的可能性，但不是无可反驳的。

Theearthiswitnessinganurbanrevolution,aspeopleworldwidecrowdintotownsand

cities.In1800onlyfivepercentoftheworld'spopulationwereurbandwellers;nowthe

proponionhasriseniomorethanforty-fivepercent,andbytheyear2010morepeople

willliveintownsandcitiesthaninthecountryside.Humanitywill,forthefirsttime,

havebecomeapredominantlyurbanspecies.Thoughtheworldisgettingmorecrowded

bytheday,absolutenumbersofpopulationarelessimportantthanwherepeople

concentrateandwhethertheseareascancopewiththem.Evendensities,however,tellus

nothingaboutthequalityoftheinfrastructure—roads,housingandjobcreation,for

example-ortheavailabilityofcrucialservices.Themainquestion,then,isnothow

manypeoplethereareinagivenarea,buthowwelltheirneedscanbemet.Density

figureshavetobesetbesidemeasurementsofwealthandemployment,thequalityof

housingandtheavailabilityofeducation,medicalcare,cleanwater,sanitationando:her

vitalservices.TheurbanrevolutionistakingplacemainlyintheThirdWorld,whereitis

hardesttoaccommodate.Between1950and1985thenumberofcitydwellersgrewmore

thantwiceasfastintheThirdWorldasinindustrializedcountries.Duringthisperiod,the

urbanpopulationofthedevelopedworldincreasedfrom477millionto838million,less

thandouble;butitquadrupledindevelopingcountries,from286millionto1.14billion.

Africa'surbanpopulationisracingalongatfivepercentayearonaverage,doublingcity

numberseveryfourteenyears.Bytheturnofthecentury,threeineveryfourLatin

Americanswillliveinurbanareas,aswilltwoineveryfiveAsiansandoneinevery

threeAfricans.Developingcountrieswillhavetoincreasetheirurbanfacilitiesbytwo

thirdsbythen,iftheyaretomaintaineventheirpresentinadequatelevelsofservicesand

housing.In1940onlyoneoutofeveryhundredoftheworld'speoplelivedinareallybig

city,onewithapopulationofoveramillion.By1980thisproportionhadalreadyrisento

oneinten.Twooftheworld'sbiggestcities,MexicoandSaoPaulo,arealreadybursting

attheseams—andtheirpopulationsaredoublinginlessthantwentyyears.Aboutathird

ofthepeopleoftheThirdWorld'scitiesnowliveindesperatelyovercrowdedslumsand

squattersettlements.Manyareunemployed,uneducated,undernourishedandchronically

sick.Tensofmillionsofnewpeoplearriveeveryyear,flockinginfromthecountryside

inwhatisthegreatestmassmigrationinhistory.Pushedoutofthecountrysidebyrural

povertyanddrawntothecitiesinthehopeofabetterlife,theyfindnohouseswaitingfor

them,nowatersupplies,nosewerage,noschools.Theythrowupmakeshifthovels,built

ofwhatevertheycanfind:sticks,fronds,cardboard,tar-paper,straw,petroltinsand,if

theyarelucky,corrugatedironTheyhavetotakethelandnoneelsewants;landthatis

toowet,toodry,toosteeportoopollutedfornormalhabitation.Yetallovertheworld

theinhabitantsoftheseapparentlyhopelessslumsshov/extraordinaryenterprisein

improvingtheirlives.Whilemanysettlementsremainstuckinapathy,manyothersare

graduallyimprovedthroughthevigourandco-opcrationoftheirpeople,whoturnflimsy

shacksintosolidbuildings,buildschool,layoutstreetsandputinelectricityandwater

supplies.Governmentscanhelpbygivingthesquatterstherighttothelandthatthey

haveusuallyoccupiedillegally,givingthemtheincentivetoimprovetheirhomesand

neighborhoods.ThemostimportantwaytoamelioratetheeffectsoftheThirdWorld's

explodingcities,however,istoslowdownthemigration.Thisinvolvescorrectingthe

biasmostgovernmentsshowtowardscitiesandtownsandagainstthecountryside.With

fewsourcesofhardcurrency,though,manygovernmentsindevelopingcountries

continuetoconcentratetheirlimiteddevelopmenteffortsincitiesandtowns,ratherthan

ruralareas,wheremanyofthemostdestitutelive.Asaresult,foodproductionfallsasthe

countrysideslideseverdeeperintodepression.Sincetheprocessofurbanization

concentratespeople,thedemandforbasicnecessities,likefood,energy,drinkingwater

andshelter,isalsoincreased,whichcanexactaheavytollonthesurrounding

countryside.High-qualityagriculturallandisshrinkinginmanyregions,takenoutof

productionbecauseofover-useandmismanagement.Creepingurbanizationcould

aggravatethissituation,furtherconstrictingeconomicdevelopment.Themosteffective

wayoftacklingpoverty,andofstemmingurbanization,istoreversenationalprioritiesin

manycountries,concentratingmoreresourcesinruralareaswheremostpoorpeoplestill

live.Thiswouldboostfoodproductionandhelptobuildnationaleconomiesmore

securely.Ultimately,though,thechoiceofprioritiescomesdowntoaquestionofpower.

Thepeopleofthecountrysidearepowerlessbesidethoseofthetowns;thedestituteofthe

countrysidemaystarveintheirscatteredmillions,whereasthepoorconcentratedinurban

slumsposeaconstantthreatofdisorder.Inallbutafewdevelopingcountriesthebias

towardsthecitieswillthereforecontinue,aswillthemigrationsthatareswellingtheir

numbersbeyondcontrol.

31>Thepurposeofthepassageis.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，只有C项为正确答案。这可从文中的内容推

知，即通过分析城市人口激增以及由此带来的系列问题来建议政府转移重点，优先

发展广大而贫穷的农村。

32、Theurbanpopulationoftheworld.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，只有B项为正确答案。这可从文中第一段的第

三句话“andbytheyear2010morepeoplewillliveintownsandcitiesthaninthe

countryside.”推知。

33、Themostimportantfactoris.

标准答案：B

知识点解析♦：本题的四个选项中，只有B项为正确答案。这可从文中第三段的内

容推知。

34、AthirdofthepeopleinThirdWorldcities.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，只有C项为正确答案。这可从文中第六段的第

句话"AboutathirdofthepeopleoftheThirdWorld'scitiesnowliveindesperately

overcrowdedslumsandsquattersettlements.“推知。

35、ManyThirdWorldcitydwellers.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，只有B项为正确答案。这可从文中第七段的内

容推知，即很多从农村来到城市的居民没有房子，他们就用他们能找到的切东西搭

建小屋。

36、Governmentsgive.

标准答案：c

知识点。析：本题的四个选项中，只有C项为正确答案。这可从文中的“This

involvescorrectingthebiasmostgovernmentsshowtowardscitiesandtownsandagainst

thecountryside.”推知，即正是政府对城市政策的倾斜才导致了城市人口的激增。

Belowisasummaryofsomeofthemainpointsofthepassage.Readthesummaryand

thenselectthebestwordorphrasefromtheboxbelow,accordingtothepassage.You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWER

SHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

AdroxHulHauthority

BhardesttoIpreviouscentury

CelutedJmarked

DslowrdownKwererwersed

EboostLwerealwudmcd

FlasttwocenturiesMconcentrate

Gmftjw*nigrafionNpowerIncreasing

numbersofpeoplehavemigratedfromthecountrysideandmovedintotownsandcites

over[R1]..MostareintheThirdWorld,wheretheyare[R2]accom­

modatebecausefacilitiesareattheirmostinadequateandmeagerresourcesaremost

stretched.Inspiteof[R3]livingconditions,thevastnumbersofpeoplemoving

intocitiesconstitutethebiggest[R4]ever.Whilegovernmentscantakeaction

toimprovetheconditionsofsquatters,therealsolutionisto[R5]theprocessof

urbanization.Buttodothisgovernmentsneedtochangethewaysinwhichthey[R6]

theirdevelopmentfundsontheurbanareas.Iftheirpriorities[R7]rural

productivitycouldbeincreasedandthiswouldhelpdevelopthenationaleconomy.Inthe

end,however,theruralpopulationalsolacksthe[R8]thattheirurban

countrymencanexertongovernments.

37、[Ri]

标准答案：卜

知识点解析：本题的正确答案应为F。这可从文中推知，即从1800年到现在应该

是近两个世纪。

38、［R2I

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的正确答案应为B。这可从文中accommodate的动词原形以及后

文中出现的两个most推知。

39、［R3］

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的正确答案应为A。这可从上下文来推知，即这里应该选用个表

示“糟糕”的形容词。

40、［R4］

标准答案：G

知识点解析：本题的正确答案应为G,因此处是说大量人口涌入城市形成了有史以

来最大规模的移民。

41、［R5］

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的正确答案应为D,因此处是说有效的办法是减缓城市.化进程。

slowdown的意思是“减缓，使慢下来”。

42、［R6］

标准答案：M

知识点解析：本题的正确答案应为M,因此处是说他们将发展基金集中在市区。

concentrate...on的意思是“集中”。

43、［R7］

标准答案：K

知识点解析：本题的正确答案应为K,因此处是说如果把优先权颠倒过来，是虚拟

语气。

44、[R8]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：本题的正确答案应为N,因此处是说农村人缺少城里人所拥有的操纵

政府的权力。

三、英译汉（本题共5题，每题7.0分，共5分。）

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.Inthechaosoftoday'smediaand

technologybrawl—iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo.Windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.

AMD—wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standing（allinafieldofnewtechwonders,

it'sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,

andit'sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.[T1]Asyoutrytofigureout

whereconsumerinfotechisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,

centralreality;Peoplejus【wantmoretelevision.Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday'sbiggest

newsintech.Ilcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycrave

aboveallelse.[T2]SooyfloodedtherecentConsumerElecironicsShowwithDroducts

thatputInternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryolherconsumerelectronics

company.At[hesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintioducedApple

TV.whichdocsthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphone

screens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitall

together,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn'texistevenayearago:unlimited

televisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.It'snosurprise,ofcourse.[T3]

Eversince[hebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecame

aDpaient,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredicted

whatitwouldmean;traditionaltelevision'sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappeared

inthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprograms

thatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

[T4]Whichisexactlyihecupositeofwhathashapened.DespitemanyNe〔Age

alternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissaying

something.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-Cola

companydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesof

Coke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfront

ofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofiti