广东省某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷一、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AChinareleasesguidelinestorisingyouthobesity,whichfocusonpreciseweightmanagementamongyoungpeople,andprovidepracticalsuggestionsforyoungpeopleondietandphysicalactivitieswithoutaffectingtheirgrowth.TheNHC’s(国家卫生健康委员会)guidelineshighlightproperwaystomanageweightforkidsandadolescents(青少年)aged6to17.Let’stakealook.●DietarymanagementAdjustdietarystructure:Youshouldcontroltheintakeoftoomuchfatandmakesureyougetgood-qualityprotein.●Developgoodeatinghabitsandbehaviors:Eatthreeregularmealsadayandlimitsweets,snacksandsugarydrinks.Youshouldalsoavoidovereating,focusonyourmeals,andnoteattooquickly.●Loseweightinahealthyway:Crashdietsandrapidweightlossarenotrecommended.Physicalactivities●Atleast60minutesofmoderate-to-vigorousintensityaerobic(有氧)exerciseshouldbeguaranteedeachday.●High-intensityorresistanceexercisethatstrengthensmuscleandbonehealthshouldalsobeincludedforatleast3daysaweek.RecipesforyouthTheNHCrecommendedsomehealthyrecipesindifferentareas.Let’stakealookatsomedisheswithlocalcharacteristics.●NortheastChinaFriedfishwithtofu;Stewedspareribs(排骨)andpotatoes;FriedChinesecabbagewithvinegarsauce●NorthwestChinaBraisedbeefwithpotatoeswithpepper;Mincednoodles;Sauteed(炒，煎)lambliver●SouthwestChinaBraisedduckwithblackfungus(木耳)andshreddedkonjak;Friedricewithmeatandvegetables;Mapotofu●SoutheastChinaSauteedshrimpwithcelery;SauteedShanghaigreenswithchoppedgarlicSteamedspareribswithChineseyam(山药)1.WhatisthemaingoaloftheNHCguidelines?A.Tointroducepopularlocaldishes. B.Toprovidequickweightlossmethods.C.Topromotehealthyweightforyouth. D.Tocompareregionaleatinghabits.2.WhichpracticeissuggestedaccordingtoNHC?A.Havingmoremeatwithoutexercise. B.Prohibitingsugarydrinksandsweets.C.Tryingrunningfor2hourseveryday. D.Eatingmealsregularlywithnutrition.3.WhichrecipemightbepreferredbyaCantonesevisitingChengdu?A.Sauteedshrimpwithcelery B.FriedricewithmeatandvegetablesC.Chinesecabbagewithvinegarsauce D.BraisedBeefwithPotatoeswithpepper【答案】1.C2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国发布的针对青少年肥胖问题的指南，该指南聚焦于青少年精准的体重管理，提供了饮食和身体活动方面的实用建议，同时推荐了一些不同地区的健康食谱。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Chinareleasesguidelinestorisingyouthobesity,whichfocusonpreciseweightmanagementamongyoungpeople,andprovidepracticalsuggestionsforyoungpeopleondietandphysicalactivitieswithoutaffectingtheirgrowth.(中国发布了针对日益严重的青少年肥胖问题的指南，该指南聚焦于青少年的精准体重管理，为青少年在不影响其成长的情况下提供饮食和身体活动方面的实用建议。)”可知，国家卫生健康委员会（NHC）发布指南的主要目的是促进青少年的健康体重。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“Dietarymanagement”部分中“Adjustdietarystructure:Youshouldcontroltheintakeoftoomuchfatandmakesureyougetgood-qualityprotein.(调整饮食结构：你应该控制过多脂肪的摄入，并确保获得优质蛋白质。)”以及“Developgoodeatinghabitsandbehaviors:Eatthreeregularmealsadayandlimitsweets,snacksandsugarydrinks.Youshouldalsoavoidovereating,focusonyourmeals,andnoteattooquickly.(养成良好的饮食习惯和行为：一日三餐要规律，限制甜食、零食和含糖饮料的摄入。你还应该避免暴饮暴食，专心吃饭，不要吃得太快。)”可知，NHC建议青少年要规律饮食，保证营养。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据常识可知，广东人(Cantonese)的饮食口味偏清淡，而成都位于四川，口味偏麻辣。根据“Recipesforyouth”部分中“SouthwestChina”的食谱“Friedricewithmeatandvegetables(什锦炒饭)”可知，这道菜口味相对清淡，且营养均衡，符合广东人的饮食习惯，因此一个去成都的广东人可能会更喜欢这道菜。故选B项。BZhangShengwu,a60-year-oldfarmerfromHanshanCounty,Anhuiprovince,hasspentnearlyadecademakingafive-ton,two-seaterhomemadeinventionofsubmarine(潜水艇)—the“BigBlackFish”.ZhanggrewupneartheYangtzeRiverbasin,earningalivingasacarpenter(木匠),welder(焊接工人)intheshippingindustry.“I’dwatchedboatsallmylife,”hesaid,“butIalwaysfeltsomethingwasmissing.”Itappearedin2014whenhesawasubmarineonTV.“I’dseenwoodenandironboats,”herecalled,“butneveronethatcouldgounderwater.”Withindays,hegathered5,000yuan,purchasedsteel,anengine,andabattery,andbeganwelding.Severalmonthslater,hisfirstsubmarine,6meterslong,1.2metershigh,weighingtwotons,wasready.Theone-mansubcoulddivejustameterandleakedbadly,butitwasenoughtoearnanationalpatentin2016.Unsatisfied,hepouredmoremoneyintoasecondone.NowtheBigBlackFishis7meterslongand1.8metershigh,seatstwopeopleandcandiveto8meters.Tomakeitmorestable,Zhangpouredconcreteintothebottomandaddedtwoballasttanks(压载舱)atbothends,whichfilledwithwatertodive,andcometothesurface.Inaddition,apolewithawaterproofcameraletsZhangchecktheriverbedbeforeeachdive.Thisprovedpracticalwhenhelocatedafisherman’slostnetduringtesting.Zhangsayseachsuccessfultrialsteelshisresolve.“Onlywhenyoutryandsucceeddoyourealizewhatyou’retrulycapableof,”hesaid,“peopleshouldhavesomethingtodreamabout.”Hehopestomakealarger,fullyoperationalmodelcapableofdeeperdivesandlongerdistance.4.WhydidZhangwanttobuildasubmarine?A.Togetanationalpatent. B.Tohelpthelocalfishermen.C.Topracticehisweldingskills. D.Tofulfillhisdriveofinvention.5.Whatisparagraph3ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Theprocessofimprovingthesubmarine. B.Thedifficultiesinmakingthesubmarine.C.Theinspirationtobuildsomethingnovel. D.Thepreparationsofmakingthesubmarine.6.Whatdoesthephrase“steelshisresolve”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Lowershisspirit. B.Reduceshiseffort.C.Comfortshismind. D.Strengthenshiswill.7.WhichofthefollowingwordsmightbestdescribesZhangShengwu?A.Richandfamous. B.Curiousandgenerous.C.Determinedandcreative. D.Traditionalandcautious.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自安徽省含山县的60岁农民张胜武，凭借对船舶的浓厚兴趣和不懈努力，花费近十年时间自制了一艘名为“大黑鱼”的潜水艇的故事。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段““I’dwatchedboatsallmylife,”hesaid,“butIalwaysfeltsomethingwasmissing.”(“我一辈子都在看船，”他说，“但我总觉得少了些什么。”)”和第三段“Itappearedin2014whenhesawasubmarineonTV.“I’dseenwoodenandironboats,”herecalled,“butneveronethatcouldgounderwater.”(2014年，他在电视上看到潜水艇，由此萌生了（造潜水艇的）想法。“我见过木船和铁船，”他回忆道，“但从未见过能潜入水下的船。”)”可知，张想造一艘潜艇是为了实现他的发明愿望。故选D。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Severalmonthslater,hisfirstsubmarine,6meterslong,1.2metershigh,weighingtwotons,wasready.Theone-mansubcoulddivejustameterandleakedbadly,butitwasenoughtoearnanationalpatentin2016.Unsatisfied,hepouredmoremoneyintoasecondone.NowtheBigBlackFishis7meterslongand1.8metershigh,seatstwopeopleandcandiveto8meters.Tomakeitmorestable,Zhangpouredconcreteintothebottomandaddedtwoballasttanks(压载舱)atbothends,whichfilledwithwatertodive,andcometothesurface.Inaddition,apolewithawaterproofcameraletsZhangchecktheriverbedbeforeeachdive.(几个月后，他首艘长6米、高1.2米、重达两吨的潜水艇终于造好了。这艘单人潜水艇只能下潜一米，且漏水严重，但即便如此，它还是在2016年为张胜武赢得了国家专利。张胜武并不满足于此，他又投入更多资金打造了第二艘。如今，“大黑鱼”号潜水艇长7米、高1.8米，可容纳两人乘坐，并能下潜至8米深。为了使潜水艇更加稳定，张胜武在艇底浇筑了混凝土，并在两端加装了两个压载舱，通过注水实现下潜，排水实现上浮。此外，潜水艇上还装有一根带有防水摄像头的杆子，以便张胜武在每次下潜前检查河床情况。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是改进潜艇的过程。故选A。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Hehopestomakealarger,fullyoperationalmodelcapableofdeeperdivesandlongerdistance.(他希望制造一个更大的、完全可操作的模型，能够下潜更深、航行更远。)”和划线词前文“eachsuccessfultrial(每次成功的试验)”可知，成功的试验坚定了他的决心，steelshisresolve意为“坚定他的决心”，和Strengthenshiswill意思相近。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ZhangShengwu,a60-year-oldfarmerfromHanshanCounty,Anhuiprovince,hasspentnearlyadecademakingafive-ton,two-seaterhomemadeinventionofsubmarine(潜水艇)—the“BigBlackFish”.(来自安徽省含山县的60岁农民张胜武，耗时近十年打造出一艘重达五吨、可容纳两人的自制潜水艇——“大黑鱼”。)”可知，他建了一个潜水艇，因此他是有创造力的；根据最后一段“Zhangsayseachsuccessfultrialsteelshisresolve.(张说，每一次成功的试验都坚定了他的决心。)”可知，他是有决心的，因此可用determined和creative来描述他，故选C。CCitiesaredifficulttonavigate(导航)atthebestoftimes,butforpeoplewithdisabilitiestheycanbelikecourseswithhurdles(障碍)andbringinconveniencetodisabledpeople.AUKnationaltravelsurveyfoundthatadultswithmobilitydifficultiestook39%fewertripsthanthosewithnodisabilityin2017.Yetthatcouldchangeasdevicesandcitiesgrowsmarter.Assistivetechisplayingabigroleinthetransformation.Theglobalvalueoftheindustryisexpectedtoincreasefrom$14billionin2015to$30.8billionin2024,accordingtoZionMarketResearch.OneofthethingsthatcouldtransformlivesisasmartwalkingstickdesignedbyengineersfromYoungGuruAcademy(YGA)inTurkey.TheWeWalkstickhasasensorthatdetectshurdlesabovechestlevelandusesvibrations(振动)towarntheuser.Itcanbepairedwithasmartphonetohelpnavigation,andisconnectedwithavoiceassistantandGoogleMaps.Ceylan,whohasbeenblindsincebirth,saysthatconnectingthesticktotheInternetofThingsandsmartcitysolutionsmakesituser-friendly.“Asablindperson,whenIamattheMetrostationIdon’tknowwhichismyexit...Idon’tknowwhichbusisapproaching...whichstoresarearoundme.ThatkindofinformationcanbeprovidedwiththeWeWalk,”hesays.“Thesmartwalkingstickisreallyanexcitinginitiativethatwillmakeahugedifferencetosomepeople,”saysAnnaLawson,thedirectoroftheCenterforDisabilityStudiesatLeedsUniversityintheUnitedKingdom.“Buttheyareveryexpensive...they’renotgoingtobeavailabletothevastmajorityofdisabledpeople,”sheadded.BryanMatthews,alecturerattheInstituteforTransportStudiesattheUniversityofLeeds,sharestheconcernsaboutcost.Hesaysthereshouldalsobeafocusoninclusivedesign,andanythingthathelpspeoplenavigatetheirenvironmentispositive.8.WhatisakeyfeatureoftheWeWalksmartwalkingstick?A.Itcanautomaticallycallabusfortheuser.B.Itusessoundtodetecthurdlesabovechestlevel.C.Itssensorwarnstheuserofhighobstaclesthroughvibrations.D.Itisdesignedtobeaffordableforthemajorityofdisabledpeople.9.What’sthepurposeofquotingCeylan?A.Toshowthevalueofsmarttech. B.Tourgemoreattentiontotheblind.C.Toincreasethepotentialmarketshare. D.Toencouragetechresearchanddevelopment.10.What’sthemeaningof“initiative”inParagraph5?A.apersonalhobby B.afinancialproblem.C.ascientifictheory. D.anewplanorprocess.11.WhatisthedisadvantageoftheWeWalkstick?A.Confusinginstructions. B.Poornavigation.C.Inclusivedesigns. D.Highprices.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能手杖WeWalk的设计特点、功能优势以及其面临的价格问题，展现了科技为残疾人生活带来改变的同时，也指出了新科技产品推广面临的挑战。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheWeWalkstickhasasensorthatdetectshurdlesabovechestlevelandusesvibrations(振动)towarntheuser.(WeWalk手杖有一个传感器，可以检测胸部以上的障碍物，并通过振动向使用者发出警告。)”可知，WeWalk智能手杖的关键特点是其传感器通过振动警告使用者有高处障碍物。故选C项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段Ceylan所说的话“Asablindperson,whenIamattheMetrostationIdon’tknowwhichismyexit...Idon’tknowwhichbusisapproaching...whichstoresarearoundme.ThatkindofinformationcanbeprovidedwiththeWeWalk”(作为一个盲人，当我在地铁站时，我不知道哪个是我的出口……我不知道哪辆公交车即将到来……我不知道我周围有哪些商店。这些信息可以通过WeWalk提供。)可知，Ceylan通过自身使用WeWalk的经历，展示了智能科技为盲人带来的便利和价值，从而说明智能科技的重要性。故选A项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第五段“Thesmartwalkingstickisreallyanexcitinginitiativethatwillmakeahugedifferencetosomepeople”(智能手杖确实是一项令人兴奋的_____，它将给一些人带来巨大的改变)以及后文提到“Buttheyareveryexpensive...they’renotgoingtobeavailabletothevastmajorityofdisabledpeople”(但是它们非常昂贵……大多数残疾人都买不起)可知，这里是在说智能手杖这个新事物，虽然能带来巨大改变，但存在价格问题。由此可推测，“initiative”在这里指的是一个新的计划或过程，即智能手杖这一新的发明或举措。故选D项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Buttheyareveryexpensive...they’renotgoingtobeavailabletothevastmajorityofdisabledpeople”(但是它们非常昂贵……大多数残疾人都买不起)以及第六段“BryanMatthews,alecturerattheInstituteforTransportStudiesattheUniversityofLeeds,sharestheconcernsaboutcost.(利兹大学交通研究所讲师BryanMatthews也表达了对成本的担忧。)”可知，WeWalk手杖的缺点是价格高昂。故选D项。DAlthoughSouthAfricansareknownfortheirfriendlinessandwarmth,ouraccent(口音)isnotwell-received,withanewstudyshowingouraccentistheworld’s12thfriendliest.Accordingtothestudy,only1inevery100participants(参与者)consideredtheSouthAfricanaccentasthemostfriendly-sounding—abigdropsince2019whenitwasconsideredthesecondmostbeautifulaccentworldwide,whichwasanastonishingresultforme.ThestudyfoundAmericanshadthefriendliestEnglishaccentintheworldwithoneinfiveseeingtheAmericanaccentasthefriendliest.ThoughtheCanadianaccentisthemostcloselyrelatedtogeneralAmericanEnglish,withsimilarrulesforpronunciationandaccent,onlyonein12selecteditasthefriendliestaccent.TheBritishaccentisconsideredthesecondmostfriendlyaccent,withoneinsevenselectingitasthefriendliest.TheAustralianaccentcameinthirdplace,withalmostonein10consideringittobefriendly.AlthoughtheNewZealandaccentissimilartotheAustralianaccent,NewZealanderscame15thwithjust1in100choosingtheKiwiaccentasthefriendliest.Inunderstandingwhysomeaccentsareviewedasmorefriendlythanothers,DrChristopherStrelluffromtheUniversityofWarwicksaidattitudestowardslanguagevarieties(变体)usuallyshowtheideas“wehaveaboutpeoplewhospeakthosevarieties”.“IfpeoplearoundtheworldthinkAmericanEnglishsoundsfriendly,it’sgoodnewsforAmericansbecauseitmeanspeoplethinkofAmericansasfriendlypeople.”“ThemeaningsofEnglishesworldwidearealsochangingrapidlyacrossmanydimensions(维度).Forexample,whileBritishEnglishhashistoricallyprovidedaninternationalmodelfor‘correct’English,peoplewholiveincountrieswhereEnglishisbeinglearnedforgettingintotheglobal(全球的)marketplaceincreasinglypreferAmericanEnglishastheirstandard,”saidStrelluf.“Inthisstudy,theattitudestowardsEnglishshowthebasicwayswecontinuetofindourwaythroughsocialrelationshipsusinglanguageandourthoughtsaboutlanguage.”12.Howdoestheauthorprobablyfeelaboutthestudy?A.Excited. B.Doubtful. C.Surprised. D.Satisfied13.Whichofthefouraccentsisleastfriendlyaccordingtothestudy?A.TheAmericanaccent. B.TheCanadianaccent.C.TheAustralianaccent. D.TheBritishaccent.14.WhatmaythestudyleadpeopletothinkaccordingtoStrelluf?A.Americansareniceandwarm. B.Americansareusuallytalkative.C.Americanslikelanguagetobevaried. D.Americansliketoexploretheworld.15.WhydoesStrellufmentionpeople’spreferredEnglishesinparagraph4?A.Toshowthedevelopmentoftheglobalmarketplace.B.Toexplaintheimportanceoflearning“correctEnglish”.C.TodrawattentiontothechangingfaceofglobalEnglish.D.TocomparethedifferenceofEnglishintheUKandtheUS.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于不同英语口音友好程度的研究，并探讨了人们对不同口音的态度及其背后的原因。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Accordingtothestudy,only1inevery100participants(参与者)consideredtheSouthAfricanaccentasthemostfriendly-sounding—abigdropsince2019whenitwasconsideredthesecondmostbeautifulaccentworldwide,whichwasanastonishingresultforme.(根据这项研究，每100名参与者中只有1人认为南非口音听起来最友好——自2019年以来大幅下降，当时南非口音被认为是世界上第二美丽的口音，这对我来说是一个惊人的结果)”可知，作者对这项研究的结果感到惊讶。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThestudyfoundAmericanshadthefriendliestEnglishaccentintheworldwithoneinfiveseeingtheAmericanaccentasthefriendliest.ThoughtheCanadianaccentisthemostcloselyrelatedtogeneralAmericanEnglish,withsimilarrulesforpronunciationandaccent,onlyonein12selecteditasthefriendliestaccent.TheBritishaccentisconsideredthesecondmostfriendlyaccent,withoneinsevenselectingitasthefriendliest.TheAustralianaccentcameinthirdplace,withalmostonein10consideringittobefriendly.(研究发现，美国人的英语口音是世界上最友好的，每五个人中就有一个认为美国口音最友好。尽管加拿大口音与通用美式英语最为接近，发音和口音规则相似，但只有十二分之一的人选择它作为最友好的口音。英国口音被认为是第二友好的口音，每七个人中就有一个选择它作为最友好的口音。澳大利亚口音排在第三位，几乎每十个人中就有一个认为它很友好)”可知，美国口音、英国口音和澳大利亚口音都被认为比较友好，而加拿大口音被认为最不友好。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““IfpeoplearoundtheworldthinkAmericanEnglishsoundsfriendly,it’sgoodnewsforAmericansbecauseitmeanspeoplethinkofAmericansasfriendlypeople.”(“如果全世界的人都认为美式英语听起来很友好，这对美国人来说是个好消息，因为这意味着人们认为美国人是友好的人。”)”可知，根据斯特雷卢夫的说法，这项研究可能会让人们认为美国人很友好。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段““ThemeaningsofEnglishesworldwidearealsochangingrapidlyacrossmanydimensions(维度).Forexample,whileBritishEnglishhashistoricallyprovidedaninternationalmodelfor“correct”English,peoplewholiveincountrieswhereEnglishisbeinglearnedforgettingintotheglobal(全球的)marketplaceincreasinglypreferAmericanEnglishastheirstandard,”saidStrelluf.(斯特雷卢夫说：“世界各地的英语含义也在许多维度上迅速变化。例如，虽然英式英语历来为“正确”英语提供了国际模式，但生活在以学习英语进入全球市场的国家的人们越来越倾向于以美式英语为标准。”)”可知，斯特雷卢夫提到人们偏爱的英语是为了引起人们对全球英语不断变化的关注。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。Nostalgia—thewarmfeelingoflongingforthepast—iseverywhereintoday’sculture.MovieslikeBarbie,IndianaJones,andTopGunaredrawinghugecrowdsbybringingbackoldfavorites.____16____Onthesurface,nostalgiasimplymakesusfeelgood.____17____AccordingtoProfessorZiyanYangfromtheInstituteofPsychology,CAS,nostalgiacreatesfeelingsofwarmth,belonging,andevenamentalescapetothepast.Duringtoughtimes—whetherpersonalstrugglesorglobalcrises—nostalgiaactslikeanemotionalsafetynet.Moviesandmusicarepowerfultriggersbecausetheyrecreatefamiliaremotionsandexperiences.____18____First,itgivesusasenseofcontrol.Evenwhenlifefeelsunpredictable,reflectingonourpasthelpsusfeelmoregroundedandsecure.Second,nostalgiastrengthenssocialbonds.Thoughitseemslikeapersonalexperience,nostalgicmemoriesoftenremindusoffamily,friends,andsharedmoments.Whatdoesnostalgiadotoourbrains?Mostlygoodthings!Studiesshowitboostshappiness,creativity,andenergybyactivatingpositiveemotions.____19____Thisyouthfuloptimismencouragesustotakerisksandchaseourgoals.Someresearcherssuggestnostalgiaactslikea“psychologicalimmunesystem”,helpinguscopewithstress.Butcantoomuchnostalgiabeharmful?Insmallamounts,it’shealthy.However,ifwethinkaboutthepasttoomuch,itcankeepusfrommovingforward.Thekeyisbalance—enjoyingmemorieswithoutlosingsightofthepresent.____20____Ithelpsusreconnectwithourtrueselvesandrememberwhowereallyare.Inshort,nostalgiaisn’tjustaboutrelivingthepast—it’satoolthathelpsusnavigatethepresentandfuturewithhope.A.Butwhydowelovenostalgiasomuch?B.Thisiswhyreunionsfeelsomeaningfultous.C.Nostalgiaalsoserveskeypsychologicalneeds.D.However,psychologyexpertssaythere’smoretoit.E.Itcanevenmakeusfeelyoungerandmoreoptimistic.F.Rememberinghappymemoriesbringscomfortandjoy.G.Still,ingeneral,nostalgiaisanaturalandpositivepartoflife.【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.E20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述怀旧的普遍现象、心理作用、对大脑的积极影响及平衡之道，指出其有助于应对当下与未来。【16题详析】由上文“Nostalgia—thewarmfeelingoflongingforthepast—iseverywhereintoday’sculture.MovieslikeBarbie,IndianaJones,andTopGunaredrawinghugecrowdsbybringingbackoldfavorites.(怀旧之情——对过去的温暖渴望——在当今的文化中无处不在。像《芭比》、《夺宝奇兵》和《壮志凌云》这样的电影通过重现经典而吸引了大量观众。)”及下文“Onthesurface,nostalgiasimplymakesusfeelgood.(从表面上看，怀旧只是让我们感觉良好。)”对怀旧情感的详细解释可知，本空应询问为什么人们喜欢怀旧。A选项“Butwhydowelovenostalgiasomuch?(但我们为什么这么喜欢怀旧呢？)”以问句形式开启原因探讨，能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。【17题详析】由上文“Onthesurface,nostalgiasimplymakesusfeelgood.(从表面上看，怀旧只是让我们感觉良好。)”及下文“AccordingtoProfessorZiyanYangfromtheInstituteofPsychology,CAS,nostalgiacreatesfeelingsofwarmth,belonging,andevenamentalescapetothepast.Duringtoughtimes—whetherpersonalstrugglesorglobalcrises—nostalgiaactslikeanemotionalsafetynet.Moviesandmusicarepowerfultriggersbecausetheyrecreatefamiliaremotionsandexperiences.(据中国科学院心理研究所杨紫嫣教授介绍，怀旧之情会让人产生温暖、归属感，甚至是一种精神上对过去的逃避。在艰难时期——无论是个人困境还是全球性危机——怀旧都如同一道情感安全网。电影和音乐是强大的怀旧触发因素，因为它们能重现熟悉的情感和经历。)”可知，本空需体现“表面现象”与“深层作用”的转折。D选项“However,psychologyexpertssaythere’smoretoit.(然而，心理学专家表示，事情远不止于此。)”既转折上文“简单的表面感受”，又引出下文专家对怀旧深层意义的解读，符合逻辑。故选D。【18题详析】由下文“First,itgivesusasenseofcontrol.Evenwhenlifefeelsunpredictable,reflectingonourpasthelpsusfeelmoregroundedandsecure.Second,nostalgiastrengthenssocialbonds.(首先，它给我们一种控制感。即使生活感觉不可预测，回顾过去也能让我们感到更加踏实和安全。其次，怀旧加强了社会联系。)”可知，本段说明怀旧带心理上的满足。C选项“Nostalgiaalsoserveskeypsychologicalneeds.(怀旧也满足关键的心理需求。)”直接概括了下文的内容，起到了引领下文的作用。故选C。【19题详析】由上文“Whatdoesnostalgiadotoourbrains?Mostlygoodthings!Studiesshowitboostshappiness,creativity,andenergybyactivatingpositiveemotions.(怀旧对我们的大脑有什么影响？大部分都是好东西！研究表明，它通过激活积极情绪来提高幸福感、创造力和能量。)”及下文“Thisyouthfuloptimismencouragesustotakerisksandchaseourgoals.(这种年轻的乐观心态鼓励我们冒险、追求目标。)”可知，本空应继续解释怀旧对大脑的影响，强调怀旧能让人们感觉年轻乐观。E选项“Itcanevenmakeusfeelyoungerandmoreoptimistic.(它甚至能让我们感觉更年轻、更乐观。)”能承上启下，且句中“youngerandmoreoptimistic”与下文“Thisyouthfuloptimism”相照应。故选E。【20题详析】由上文“Butcantoomuchnostalgiabeharmful?Insmallamounts,it’shealthy.However,ifwethinkaboutthepasttoomuch,itcankeepusfrommovingforward.Thekeyisbalance—enjoyingmemorieswithoutlosingsightofthepresent.(但太多的怀旧会有害吗？少量摄入是健康的。然而，如果我们过多地思考过去，它可能会阻碍我们前进。关键在于平衡——在不忽视当下的情况下享受回忆。)”及下文“Ithelpsusreconnectwithourtrueselvesandrememberwhowereallyare.(它帮助我们重新连接真实的自我，记住自己的本质。)”可知，本空需回归“怀旧的整体积极属性”，引出下文对其正面作用的补充。G选项“Still,ingeneral,nostalgiaisanaturalandpositivepartoflife.(不过，总的来说，怀旧是生活中自然且积极的一部分。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。二、语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whileboardingtheplane,Ifeltanexcitementriseinme.Iwasabouttorealizeadream—travelingabroadaloneforthefirsttime.AndIhadthe____21____togo!Itwasamixtureofpride,recognitionandadmirationformyself.LandingattheSanFranciscoairport,Irealized:I’llhaveto____22____myselfinthistotallystrangecity.ButI’mnotafraid.I’mgoingtotakeadvantageofevery____23____.Thequestionthat____24____memostbeforedeparturewas:AmIreallygoingtobealone?____25____,thisfirsttripalonewasalsothefirsttripduringwhichI____26____manypeople:travelersofallages,allstylesandallorigins.Therefore,Ihave____27____beenalone.I’mnotsayingthatIneverfeltaloneorafraid.Surely,thereweretimeswhenIimaginedhow____28____itwouldhavebeenwithmyfamily,especiallywhenIgotlostwhiletryingtofindmyhotel,andwhenItravelledonanightbusnexttoamanwhokepttalkingtome,so____29____thatIcouldhardlysleep.Thistripgavemeenormous_____30_____andallthedoubtsandfearsbeforethedeparturehad_____31_____.Throughoutmy_____32_____there,Ionlyfeltahugepositiveenergy!Itwasaverywell-plannedtripbutitwasstillthemost_____33_____journeyIeverhad!Howeverhardwetryto_____34_____thetrip,therewillalwaysbesurprisesandaccidents.NowIdo_____35_____whata“richandunforgettableexperience”is.21.A.rejection B.freedom C.excuse D.urge22.A.lookfor B.relyon C.trustin D.reflectupon23.A.message B.flight C.moment D.platform24.A.bothered B.interested C.threatened D.comforted25.A.Initially B.Strangely C.Sadly D.Hopefully26.A.assisted B.amused C.encountered D.guided27.A.finally B.rarely C.apparently D.basically28.A.awkward B.stressful C.complex D.different29.A.annoying B.appealing C.surprising D.inspiring30.A.energy B.warmth C.enjoyment D.honor31.A.disappeared B.deepened C.remained D.raised32.A.service B.stay C.wait D.research33.A.unnecessary B.unavoidable C.uneventful D.unexpected34.A.plan B.extend C.adjust D.support35.A.suspect B.remember C.understand D.deny【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者独自去国外旅行的经历和感受。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且我有去的冲动！A.rejection拒绝；B.freedom自由；C.excuse理由；D.urge冲动。根据上文“Ifeltanexcitementriseinme.”以及“Iwasabouttorealizeadream”可知，作者非常想去，有强烈的欲望，故选D。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在旧金山机场降落时，我意识到：在这个完全陌生的城市，我必须依靠自己。A.lookfor寻找；B.relyon依靠；C.trustin信任；D.reflectupon反思。根据上文“travelingabroadalone”以及空后“inthistotallystrangecity”可知，作者独自出行，在陌生的城市里只能依靠自己，故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要好好利用每一刻。A.message信息；B.flight航班；C.moment时刻；D.platform平台。根据上文“ButI’mnotafraid.”可知，作者虽然独自出行在外，但是并不害怕，而是打算好好利用在这里的每一个时刻，故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出发前最困扰我的问题是：我真的要一个人去吗？A.bothered困扰；B.interested使感兴趣；C.threatened威胁；D.comforted安慰。根据上文“Thequestion”和下文“AmIreallygoingtobealone?”可知，作者出发前这个问题困扰着作者，故选A。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，这第一次独自旅行也是我第一次遇到很多人的旅行：各种年龄、各种风格和各种出身的旅行者。A.Initially最初；B.Strangely奇怪地；C.Sadly悲伤地；D.Hopefully有希望地。根据上文“AmIreallygoingtobealone?”和下文“manypeople”可知，上文提到作者出发前因独自出行而感到困扰，下文提到很多人，故此处指让作者感到奇怪，故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.assisted帮助；B.amused逗笑；C.encountered遇见；D.guided指导。根据下文“travelersofallages,allstylesandallorigins”可知，此处指作者旅行时遇到的很多其他旅行者，故选C。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我很少是一个人。A.finally最后地；B.rarely很少；C.apparently明显地；D.basically基本地。根据上文“manypeople:travelersofallages,allstylesandallorigins”可知，有很多人一起，作者很少是一个人，故选B。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时候我也会想象和家人在一起会有多么不同，尤其是当我在找酒店的路上迷路的时候，以及当我乘坐夜车时，旁边有个男人不停地和我说话，烦得我几乎睡不着觉的时候。A.awkward令人尴尬的；B.stressful有压力的；C.complex复杂的；D.different不同的。根据下文“withmyfamily”可知，作者独自出行，有时会想象要是有家人在情况会有多么不同，故选D。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.annoying令人厌烦的；B.appealing有吸引力的；C.surprising令人惊讶的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据下文“Icouldhardlysleep”可知，那个人一直说话，令人厌烦，导致作者睡不着，故选A。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行给了我极大的快乐，出发前所有的怀疑和恐惧都消失了。A.energy能量；B.warmth温暖；C.enjoyment快乐；D.honor荣誉。根据下文“Ionlyfeltahugepositiveenergy”可知，这次旅行让作者感到快乐，故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.disappeared消失；B.deepened加深；C.remained保留；D.raised提高。结合下文“Ionlyfeltahugepositiveenergy”可知，作者出发前所有的怀疑和恐惧都消失了，故选A。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的整个逗留期间，我只感受到一股巨大的正能量！A.service服务；B.stay逗留；C.wait等待；D.research研究。根据第二段首句中“LandingattheSanFranciscoairport”和上文“Thistripgavemeenormous”可知，此处是描述作者下飞机后整个旅行期间的感受，故指“在我的整个逗留期间”，故选B。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次计划周密的旅行，但它仍然是我经历过的最意想不到的旅行！A.unnecessary不必要的；B.unavoidable不可避免的；C.uneventful平淡无奇的；D.unexpected出乎意料的。根据上文“Itwasaverywell-plannedtripbut”和下文“therewillalwaysbesurprisesandaccidents”可知，计划再周密的旅行也会遇到意料之外的事情，故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我们多么努力地计划这次旅行，总会有惊喜和意外。A.plan计划；B.extend延长；C.adjust调整；D.support支持。根据上文“Itwasaverywell-plannedtrip”可知，此处指“无论我们多么努力地计划这次旅行”，故选A。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我明白什么是“丰富而难忘的经历”了。A.suspect怀疑；B.remember记得；C.understand明白；D.deny否认。结合上文描述作者独自旅行的感受和空后“whata“ri