高中英语选择性必修二Unit 1 基础自测练习

选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists基础自测Part1Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共27空；每空2分，满分54分)1．n．霍乱2．adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的3．vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)4．n．证据；证明；检验5．adj.数量多的；多种多样的6．vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象7．vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n．责备；指责8．n．把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)9．n．介入；出面；干涉10．n．联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联11．adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的12．n．减少；降低；减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低13．n．蛋白质14．n．病毒15．adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的n．固体16．adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→v．使恼怒；挫败17．adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→v．同……矛盾；否认，反驳18．n．感染；传染→vt.使感染；传染19．vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变→n．改观；改变20．n．思想；思维；见解→v．认为；思考21．adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→adv.开始；最初；起初Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共8题；每题2分，满分16分)1．因……而死亡2．最终地；彻底地3．同意；赞同4．幸亏；由于5．(对某事)负有责任6．f因为7．下定决心做某事8．有可能去做某事Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共5小题；每题3分，满分15分)1．Somechildrengothroughacomplete(transform)whentheybecometeenagers.2．Allofthemblamedthemistakeonme,makingmequite(frustrate)anddepressed.3．Hehasindependent(think)，sohecanbeinchargeoftheimportantactivity.4．Unluckily，heiswiththedeadlyvirus.Nooneknowshowtotreatthe.(infect)5．(initial)，Ididn’tquiteunderstandwhathewassaying.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每题3分，满分15分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．Whiletheastronomerisfacedwithmanydifficulties,heovercomethem.2．Withsuitablelearningmethods,youstudymoreefficiently.3．hispracticalsuggestions,IhavemadegreatprogressinEnglishlearning.4．Oncethedeadlydiseasebreaksout,agreatnumberofpeoplewillit.5．Wesuspectedhimofstealingthevaluablewatchhisunnaturalexpression.Part2Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共30空；每空2分，满分60分)1．vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷2．n．阴影；影子；背光处3．n．彩虹4．vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)5．n．混凝土adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的6．adj.爱国的7．n．喷气式飞机8．vt.追溯；追踪；查出n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹9．adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的10．adj.抽象的；理性的n．(文献等的)摘要11．adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的12．n．概念；观念13．prep.除……之外(还)adv.而且；此外14．adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的15．adv.此外；再者16．n．弱点；过错17．n．改变；转换；轮班vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向18．adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的19．adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→n．机械师；机械修理工20．vt.保卫；防守；辩解→n．保卫；防守；辩解21．n．助理；助手→v．帮助→n．帮助22．n．领导；领导地位；领导才能→n．领导→v．引路；引领；导致23．adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→n．天赋；天才；礼物Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)1．n对……有影响2．(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发3．主管；掌管4．患(病)；染上(小病)5．最重要的是；尤其是6．阻止某人做某事7．接受挑战8．在某人的领导下9．追溯到10．对……熟悉Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共5小题；每题2分，满分10分)1．Undertheoftheexcellent,wehaveledthecompanytovictory.(lead)2．Tooursurprise，thelittleboyis(gift)inpaintingalthoughheissilentallthetime.3．Theoutstandingknowshowtohandlevariousmechanicalproblems.(mechanic)4．Thehard­workingandgenerousoftencomestohercolleagues’.(assist)5．IwilldowhateverIcanin(defend)ofmyson.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每题2分，满分10分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．Initially,Iandeventuallymanagedtocompletetheseeminglyimpossibletask.2．Thefriendshipbetweenthetwocountriescanlastcentury.3．Aboveall,artificialintelligenceourlivesinmanyways.4．Iamgreatlyhonoredtobethemeetingonhowtodefendourselveswhenindanger.5．Myfatherplayingcomputergames,evenonweekends,whichmakesmefrustrated.选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists基础自测参考答案Part1Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共27空；每空2分，满分54分)1．choleran．霍乱2．severeadj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的3．subscribevi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)4．proofn．证据；证明；检验5．multipleadj.数量多的；多种多样的6．suspectvt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象7．blamevt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n．责备；指责8．handlen．把手；拉手；柄handlevt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)9．interventionn．介入；出面；干涉10．linkn．联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联11．substantialadj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的12．decreasen．减少；降低；减少量decreasevt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低13．proteinn．蛋白质14．virusn．病毒15．solidadj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的n．固体16．frustratedadj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustratev．使恼怒；挫败17．contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→contradictv．同……矛盾；否认，反驳18．infectionn．感染；传染→infectvt.使感染；传染19．transformvt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变→transformationn．改观；改变20．thinkingn．思想；思维；见解→thinkv．认为；思考21．initialadj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initiallyadv.开始；最初；起初Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共8题；每题2分，满分16分)1．diefrom/of因……而死亡2．onceandforall最终地；彻底地3．subscribeto同意；赞同4．thanksto幸亏；由于5．betoblame(对某事)负有责任6．asaresultof因为7．bedeterminedtodosth.下定决心做某事8．belikelytodosth.有可能去做某事Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共5小题；每题3分，满分15分)1．Somechildrengothroughacompletetransformation(transform)whentheybecometeenagers.2．Allofthemblamedthemistakeonme,makingmequitefrustrated(frustrate)anddepressed.3．Hehasindependentthinking(think)，sohecanbeinchargeoftheimportantactivity.4．Unluckily，heisinfectedwiththedeadlyvirus.Nooneknowshowtotreattheinfection.(infect)5．Initially(initial)，Ididn’tquiteunderstandwhathewassaying.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每题3分，满分15分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．Whiletheastronomerisfacedwithmanydifficulties,heisdeterminedtoovercomethem.2．Withsuitablelearningmethods,youarelikelytostudymoreefficiently.3．Thankstohispracticalsuggestions,IhavemadegreatprogressinEnglishlearning.4．Oncethedeadlydiseasebreaksout,agreatnumberofpeoplewilldiefrom/ofit.5．Wesuspectedhimofstealingthevaluablewatchasaresultofhisunnaturalexpression.Part2Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共30空；每空2分，满分60分)1．castvt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷2．shadown．阴影；影子；背光处3．rainbown．彩虹4．pourvt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)5．concreten．混凝土adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的6．patrioticadj.爱国的7．jetn．喷气式飞机8．tracevt.追溯；追踪；查出n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹9．outstandingadj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的10．abstractadj.抽象的；理性的n．(文献等的)摘要11．steadyadj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的12．conceptn．概念；观念13．besidesprep.除……之外(还)adv.而且；此外14．brilliantadj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的15．furthermoreadv.此外；再者16．faultn．弱点；过错17．shiftn．改变；转换；轮班vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向18．vividadj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的19．mechanicaladj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→mechanicn．机械师；机械修理工20．defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defencen．保卫；防守；辩解21．assistantn．助理；助手→assistv．帮助→assistancen．帮助22．leadershipn．领导；领导地位；领导才能→leadern．领导→leadv．引路；引领；导致23．giftedadj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→giftn．天赋；天才；礼物Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)1．haveanimpacton对……有影响2．breakout(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发3．inchargeof主管；掌管4．comedownwith患(病)；染上(小病)5．aboveall最重要的是；尤其是6．discouragesb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事7．takeonthechallenge接受挑战8．underone’sleadership在某人的领导下9．betracedbackto追溯到10．befamiliarwith对……熟悉Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共5小题；每题2分，满分10分)1．Undertheleadershipoftheexcellentleader,wehaveledthecompanytovictory.(lead)2．Tooursurprise，thelittleboyisgifted(gift)inpaintingalthoughheissilentallthetime.3．Theoutstandingmechanicknowshowtohandlevariousmechanicalproblems.(mechanic)4．Thehard­workingandgenerousassistantoftencomestohercolleagues’assistance.(assist)5．IwilldowhateverIcanindefence(defend)ofmyson.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每题2分，满分10分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．Initially,Itookonthechallengeandeventuallymanagedtocompletetheseeminglyimpossibletask.2．Thefriendshipbetweenthetwocountriescanbetracedbacktolastcentury.3．Aboveall,artificialintelligencehasanimpactonourlivesinmanyways.4．Iamgreatlyhonoredtobeinchargeofthemeetingonhowtodefendourselveswhenindanger.5．Myfatherdiscouragesmefromplayingcomputergames,evenonweekends,whichmakesmefrustrated.第一单元测评第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandothiscomingweekend?A.Callonherclassmates. B.Directtraffic. C.Gohiking.2.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Tohernewflat. B.Totheshop. C.Tohercompany.3.Whendidthewomanbuyherowncar?A.Lastweek. B.Lastmonth. C.Lastyear.4.Whatdoesthewomandonow?A.Aschoolteacher. B.Atouristguide. C.Auniversitystudent.5.HowdoesJohnlook?A.Excited. B.Satisfied. C.Worried.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethedayaftertomorrow?A.Itisrainy. B.Itissunny. C.Itiswindy.7.Whathasthemanbeendoingthesedays?A.Readingbooks. B.Playingfootball. C.Goingcycling.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatdothespeakerswanttodo?A.Goaroundthecity. B.Lookforaman. C.Findabank.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeakers?A.Theyliveinthiscity.B.Theyareunfamiliarwiththecity.C.Theyknowthecitywell.10.Whatdothespeakerswanttobuy?A.Abike. B.Acar. C.Amap.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardjoiningtheSpanishclub?A.Disappointed. B.Nervous. C.Excited.12.WhydidthewomanjointheSpanishclub?A.Toimprovehercollegeapplications.B.Tobeinaclubwiththeboy.C.ToprepareforhervacationinSpain.13.Whatisoneoftheactivitiesthatthemanmentions?A.VisitingSpanishschools.B.LearningSpanishcooking.C.WatchingSpanishtelevisionshows.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.WheredidSamleavethedictionary?A.Athome. B.Atschool. C.Onthebus.15.WhatdoesthemanprobablythinkofSam?A.Nice. B.Careless. C.Generous.16.Whatwillthewomandointheafternoon?A.Godowntown. B.Playtabletennis. C.Buyadictionary.17.Howwillthespeakersgodowntown?A.Bycar. B.Bybus. C.Byunderground.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A.TouringFrance. B.Playingoutdoors. C.Paintingpictures.19.WhatdidJohndoafterhemovedtotheUS?A.Hedidbusiness. B.Hestudiedbiology. C.Heraisedanimals.20.WhatisthesubjectofJohn’sworks?A.Americanbirds. B.Naturalscenery. C.Familylife.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2023·云南玉溪一中高二上学期期中)YesterdaymarkedtheofficialendofPromotionDay,butyoucanstillfindsomeprettygooddealsnow.Theseareitemsunder$50thatyoucanstillshopthisweek.·NCHCushionedRunningShoesListPrice:$75.99Price:$47.75Yousave:$28.24(37%)MadeforRunners:Withimpressivesoftnessfordailyruns,thesecushionedrunningshoesaredesignedspecificallyforthosewholovetorunonavarietyofsurfaces.FierceFootwear:Cutting-edgedesignfeatureslightweightand100%breathabletop.Boldlooksandcomfyconstructionhelpthemstandoutonboththefashionandfunctionfronts.·GKSmartWatchFitnessTrackerListPrice:$55.99Price:$43.99Yousave:$12.00(21%)AccurateOverallHealthData:Ittracksyourheartrateandbloodpressureinrealtime,meaningyoucanhaveafulloverviewofyourhearthealthovertime.FastChargingandLongStandby:Justneeds2.5hourstofillpower,10daysofstandbytime.GoeswellwithIOS9.0orhigher,Android4.4orhigher.·IUGAProNonSlipYogaMatListPrice:$69.95Price:$41.95Yousave:$28.00(40%)NoSlidingNorSlipping:Technologicallydesignedtoprovideyouwithabsolutesafetyandisalwaysinplacenomatterwhattypeofyogayoupractice.SGSCertifiedandSmell-lessMaterial:UnlikeotherPVCmats,thematerialcankeepsmellsatbaythatyourmatwillbealwaysasfreshasthedayyouboughtit.·LHSPour-OverCoffeeMakerListPrice:$30.99Price:$23.99Yousave:$7.00(23%)BPA-FreeGlass:Thiscoffeemakerunlocksthefullpotentialofcoffeefromtheglassthat’sheat-resistantandperfectformodernkitchens.Paperless,StainlessSteelFilter(过滤器):Nopaperfiltersneeded!Filtersarereusable,stainlesssteelwhichisnoteasytogetrustorblocked.21.Asfaraspercentageisconcerned,whichitemsavesthemost?A.NCHCushionedRunningShoes. B.IUGAProNonSlipYogaMat.C.GKSmartWatchFitnessTracker. D.LHSPour-OverCoffeeMaker.22.WhatisthefeatureofGKSmartWatchFitnessTracker?A.Itfeatureslightweightandbreathabletop.B.Italwaysstaysinplaceandkeepssecure.C.Itownsareusableandstainlesssteelfilter.D.Itworkswhenitcomestorecordingtheuser’shealthdata.23.Whereisthistextprobablyfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Abookreview.C.Ashoppingguide. D.Atouristbrochure.B(2023·北京第四十四中学高二上学期期中)WillGladstoneremembersfirstlearningabouttheblue-footedbooby(蓝脚鲣鸟)inhisfifthgradescienceclass.TheyareasymboloftheGalapagosIslands.Theblue-footedboobypopulationintheGalapagoshasfallentoathirdofitssizesincethe1960s.ThisfactstayedwithWill,whogrewupbird-watchingwithhisdadaroundtheirhometown.WillhadneverbeentotheGalapagos,norseenablue-footedboobyinperson,butdecidedhewantedtohelpprotectthem.Afewdayslater,hecameupwithaplan:Hecouldsellbluesocks,thesamecolourasthebird’sfeet,toraisemoneyforprotectionefforts.WillsetuphisonlinesiteTheBlueFeetFoundationinMarch2016.ThewebsitewasupforthreemonthsbeforeWillandhisyoungerbrotherMatthewsoldtheirfirstpairofsocks.“Wereachedouttoalotofpeopleandtheywouldn’ttakeusseriously...becausewewerejustkids.”Butbeing“justkids”comeswithitsownstrengths.TheymadeanInstagramaccountforthefoundationandstarteddirect-messagingstars.Willsaysoneoftheirbiggestsupportersishislong-timefavouritehockeyplayer,KevanMiller.Theyhavesoldabout10,000pairsofsockstocustomersin46countries,raisingabout$90,000aftercosts.AllprofitsgototheGalapagosConservancyandtheCharlesDarwinFoundation,tworesearchandprotectionorganizationsbasedintheGalapagosIslands.Will’sandMatthew’seffortsarealreadyhavingabeneficialeffect.Theirmoneywasusedforablue-footedboobypopulationsurveyin2017byateamof10researchers.Theresearchersreportthattheydidseemanymorebabybirdsthanintheirpreviousstudyin2012.Threeyearsafterformingthefoundation,WillgottovisittheGalapagosonaweek-longschooltrip.AndWillfinallygottoseeablue-footedboobyinperson.“IwascrazilylookingaroundandwhenIsawone,itwasreallycool,”Willsaid.Thebrothershavewonseveralawardsfortheirwork.Buttheysaythebiggestawardthey’vegotisperseverance.24.WhatinspiredWilltoprotecttheblue-footedbooby?A.Thedropofthebirds’number. B.HistriptoGalapagosIslands.C.Hisexperienceofbird-watching. D.Thesymbolicmeaningofthebird.25.WhatdidWillandMatthewdowhilepeopledidn’ttakethemseriously?A.TheystartedTheBlueFeetFoundation.B.Theyaskedprotectionorganizationsforhelp.C.Theyreachedouttotheirclassmatesandotherkids.D.Theyopenedanaccountandcontactedfamouspeople.26.WhatwasthemoneyWillandMatthewraisedusedfor?A.Takingcareofmorebabybirds. B.Doingscientificresearchonthebirds.C.Attractingpeopletowatchthebirds. D.Awardingpeoplewhoprotectthebirds.27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWill?A.Humorous. B.Generous. C.Determined. D.Creative.CSeveralyearsago,whensomeoneusedcameracoverstoprotectagainstpossiblemonitoring,itwasnotpopulartotalkaboutit.Today,peopleusevarioustypesoftapestocoverthewebcamerasandmicrophones.Therearemanytypesofspywarethatcandiveintoourdevicesandsecretlyspyonthem,recordingeverythingtheydo.Suchprogramsmayinfectnotonlycomputersbutalsosmartphones.YourdatamaybeusedbyhackerswhowilltrytorequestmoneyfornotexposingyourprivateinformationorbycompanieslikeNSOGroupwhocreatedthePegasusspywareto“provideauthorizedgovernmentswithtechnologythathelpsfightagainstterrorandcrime”.Inmyopinion,thedescribedprotectiontechniqueishighlyoverestimated.Userstapecamerasandmicrophonesduetothelackofunderstandingofhowtheirdevicesworkandhowmalware(恶意软件)works.Hackersandevensecretservicesdonothaveenoughresourcestomonitorallvictimsusingcamerasormicrophones.Iftheyneedtogetanyinformation,theygetitbysendingatargetedmalwaretoyourdevice,whichwillnotbestoppedbythetapes.Suchaviruswillfindwhattosteal—frompersonalphotosandvideostopasswordsfromsocialnetworks,browserhistory,bankaccountsandmuchmore.Itisunwisetobelievethatattackerswillnotbeabletofindawaytospyonyou,evenifthedevice,dischargedtozero,canstilldeliverdataaboutyourlocation,usingthesmartphonesofthesurroundingpeopleassignalrepeaters.Letusfaceit:weliveinanerawhenitisextremelydifficulttohidesomethingandapieceoftapeisclearlynotthemostusefultoolinthestruggleforyourprivacy.Again,tobeabletospyonyou,attackersneedtoplantmalwareinyourdevice.Topreventmalwarefromenteringyourdevice,donotclicksuspectedlinksandemailattachments.Usestrongpasswordsforemail,socialmediaandonlinebankingaccounts.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph2referto?A.Cameras. B.Types. C.Programs. D.Devices.29.WhatisNSOGroup?A.Agroupofhackers. B.Acompanydevelopingspyware.C.Agroupofterroristsandcriminals. D.Acompanyfightingagainstcrime.30.Whydoestheauthorthink“thedescribedprotectiontechniqueishighlyoverestimated”?A.Peopleknowlittleabouttheirdevices. B.Hackershavenoaccesstoothers.C.Ithardlypreventsmalwarefromgettingprivacy. D.Itcan’tcoverthecamerascompletely.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Protectingprivacyondevices. B.Risingtrendofusingtapes.C.Monitoringdevicesviacameras. D.Avoidingclickingdistrustfullinks.D(2023·辽宁省名校联盟高二上学期联考)Thelossofhousingduetofloodsisanundeniableissue.Butnow,JapanesehousingdeveloperIchijoKomutenrecentlyunveileda“flood-resistanthouse”thatcannotonlyremainwaterproofduringfloods,butalsofloatofftheground.Theirnew“flood-resistanthouse”recentlyappearedonapopularJapaneseTVshowandithasbeengettingalotofattentiononlineeversince.Japan’sTBSTVstationrecentlyvisitedoneofIchijo’stestsiteswherethecompany’snewflood-resistanthousewasbeingputthroughasimulatedflood.Althoughitlookedjustlikeanordinaryhousewhenthetestbegan,bythetimethatwaterstartedrisingaroundit,viewerscouldseethestructureleavethegroundandeventuallyfloatafewinchesaboveit.We’veallseenfloatinghousesbeingsweptawayinseverefloods,butIchijo’snewestinventionfeaturesasystemthatpreventsjustthat.Thehouseisconnectedtoanumberofthickironrodstickingoutofthegroundwiththickcablesthatensureitstaysinplaceasthewaterfloodspast.Whenthewaterrecedes,thefloatinghousecomesbackdowninitsoriginalposition.The“flood-resistanthouse”alsofeaturesspecialvents(通风口)thatcloseupintheeventofflooding,andtheplumbing(管道)alsohasspecialvalves(阀)thatpreventwaterfromgettingintothehome.Electricalequipmentlikeairconditioningispositionedontheupperhalfofthebuildingtoensurethatwaterdoesn’treachit.AccordingtotheengineersinIchijoKomuten’scompany,mosthomesfloodwhenwaterreachesthewindowlevel,butbecausetheirflood-resistanthousecanfloatuptofivemetresaboveground,waterisunlikelytoreachthewindowsandeverythingelseissealedshut.32.WhydoesIchijoKomutendevelopthe“flood-resistanthouse”?A.Tomakehouseswaterproof. B.Togethousesofftheground.C.Tokeephousesforeverfloating. D.Tosecurehousesagainstfloods.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Housesthroughouttheworldareindangerofbeingflooded.B.ElectricalequipmentwillbesafeinIchijoKomuten’sflood-resistanthouse.C.ThickironrodsandcableswereinventedbyIchijoKomuten.D.IchijoKomuten’sflood-resistanthouseshavebeenputintomarketsuccessfully.34.WhatistheattitudeofIchijoKomuten’sengineerstowardtheirnewestinvention?A.Positive. B.Doubtful.C.Unclear. D.Critical.35.What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toassesstheconsequencesoffloods.B.Tostressthenecessityofawaterproofhouse.C.Toprovideguidanceonfloodcontrol.D.Tointroduceanewinventionanditsfunctions.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoSucceedinScienceTosucceedinscience,youneedalotmorethanluck.Inmyview,youhavetocombineintelligencewithawillingnessnottofollowconventionswhentheyblockyourforwardpath.Thus,thesehavecometobemyrulesforsuccess.36

Thatmightsoundproud,butthefactisthatyoumustalwaysturntopeoplewhoarebrighterthanyou.It’slikeplayinganygame.Evenasachild,IneverwantedtoplaygameswithanyonewhowasasbadasIwas.Ifyouwin,itgivesyounopleasure.Andinthegameofscienceorlife,thehighestgoalisn’tsimplytowin;it’stowinatsomethingreallydifficult.37

Takerisks.Tomakeahugesuccess,ascientisthastobepreparedtogetintodeeptrouble.Ifyouaregoingtomakeahugejumpinscience,youwillverylikelybeunqualifiedtosucceedbydefinition.38Thiscanbemorethanpersonallyupsetting.

Neverdoanythingthatboresyou.Myexperienceinscienceisthatsomeoneisalwaystellingyoutodothings,andthenleavesyoualone.I’mnotgoodenoughtodowellinsomethingIdislike.39

It’sveryhardtosucceedifyoudon’twanttobewithotherscientists,becauseyouhavetogotokeymeetingswhereyouspotkeyfactsthatwouldhaveescapedyou.Andyouhavetochatwithyourcompetitors,evenifyoufindthemobjectionable.Somyfinalruleis:40

A.Meetchallengeswithgreatcourage.B.Ifyoucan’tstandbeingwithyourrealpeers,getoutofscience.C.Putitanotherway,it’stogosomewherebeyondyourabilityandcomeoutontop.D.Makesureyoualwayshavesomeonetosaveyoufromadeepmess.E.Avoidfoolishpeople.F.Infact,IfindithardtodowellinsomethingIlike.G.Besides,youevenhavetobepreparedtodisbelieveyourscientificheroes.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2023·广东深圳新安中学高二上学期期中)Afterneighboursgatheredtogethertosavethelifeofanunidentifiedmanearlierthismonth,heusedasigntothankeveryoneforcomingtohisrescue.AlphonsoandDeborahWilliamsweresurprisedbythesoundofacar41ontheirstreetastheywerewatchingtelevisionathome.Astheyrantotheirdoorto42thesoundofthenoise,theyfoundanunconsciousmansittingbesidethewheelofacrashedcar.Asmorepeoplejoinedthematthe43ofthecrash,hestopped44andstartedturningblue.

Aftertheydialled911,theneighboursthentook45performingCPR(心肺复苏)onthemanwhileDeborahbroughtthem46topreventtheheat.Anambulance47arrivedandtookthemantothehospital.Fearingtheworst,sheandtheothergoodSamaritans(乐善好施的人)worriedthatthemanwasn’tgoingto48.“Everybodywasoutthere,wewereall49,”shesaid.

Oneweekaftertheincident50,asignappearedintheneighbourhood.Itread:“GoodSamaritansofPotomacAve—yousavedmylife!Yourquick,immediate,steadyCPRactionsavedme.Forevergrateful,Joe.”

Police51toidentifyJoeaftertheaccident,butthe52saythattheyaresimplyhappytoknowthattheincidenthadahappy53—andthey’regratefultoknowthattheyliveinacommunitywherepeoplearereadyto54atamoment’snotice.

AlphonsotoldThePost:“Whenthere’sanaccident,theywillalwayspull55.”

41.A.crash B.race C.exhibition D.fair42.A.hear B.produce C.investigate D.stop43.A.edge B.scene C.thought D.expense44.A.crying B.driving C.waving D.breathing45.A.trouble B.pains C.turns D.charge46.A.water B.food C.oil D.medicine47.A.suddenly B.slowly C.definitely D.eventually48.A.return B.survive C.escape D.admit49.A.concerned B.satisfied C.desperate D.curious50.A.tookplace B.remained C.lasted D.began51.A.offered B.tried C.decided D.declined52.A.doctors B.police C.neighbours D.witnesses53.A.title B.ending C.development D.clue54.A.know B.comfort C.help D.pay55.A.together B.up C.off D.over第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2023·河南南阳六校高二上学期月考)Nowadays,withthegrowing56.(popular)ofsmartphonesandcomputers,anincreasingnumberofstudentsarechoosingtolearnEnglishbeyondtheclassroomin57.(vary)ways.

Itcaneasilybeseen58.thepercentageofstudentswhochooselisteningtoEnglish59.(song)andwatchingEnglishmoviesisrespectively65%and50%.However,thosechoosingreadingEnglishbooksandvisitingEnglishlearningwebsitesonlyaccount60.18%and12%.

AsfarasI’m61.(concern),itisadisturbingtrend.Forstudents,whatismostbeneficialtotheirstudyisreadingEnglishbooks62.(constant).Becauseoftheirlackofself-discipline,they’remoreeasily63.(addict)tochattingonlineorplayinggames.64.isurgentforstudentsthemselvestoimprovetheirself-discipline,andit’salsourgentforparentsandteachersto65.(strength)theguidance.

第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)(2023·山东济南章丘区高二上学期期中)假定你是校英文报编辑,你校最近举办的科技创新设计比赛圆满结束。请你用英语写一篇报道,内容包括:1.活动简介;2.活动影响。注意:1.词数80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)(2023·江苏苏州吴江汾湖高级中学高二上学期月考)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Theaveragepresentmerelysatisfiesatemporarydesire;thegreatonebecomesmorepreciouswithtimegoingby.WhenIwasaboyoffourteen,Ineededtohave80hoursofcommunityserviceperyearandIusedtotakecareofMrsLong’sgarden.Asajuniorhighschoolstudent,Idevotedmyselftoit,sweepingthefallen