四川省绵阳市2025-2026学年高二上学期期末教学质量测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省绵阳市2025-2026学年高二上学期期末教学质量测试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearethegame-changinginnovationsunveiledlastyearthatcaughtourattentionfortakingimprovementstoanewlevel.Thenext-genAIimagegeneratorChatGPTwasthebiggesttechnewsof2023,butthelesser-knownDALL.Ealsobrokenewground.TheoriginalDALL.EwasoneofthefirstandmostinfluentialAIimagegenerators.Earlierversionswereconfusedbycomplicatedsubjectsandrequests,butDALL.E3’s“brain”hasbeenadjustedtounderstandthembetter.Whetherthistechnologyisbeneficialremainstobeseen.TheperfectfoldingsmartphoneNow,smartphonescanfoldoverandwrap.However,mostoftheseimpressivedesignsignoreonefactor:practicality.Butthat’snotthecasewiththeSamsungGalaxyZFlip5series,whichhitsahappymiddleground.Meanwhile,thecoreprinciplebehindtheseriesistoencourageyoutolookatthesmartphoneless.ThepetlanguagetutorFluentPetmakesacollectionofbuttons,eachoneplayingadifferentwordwhenpressedbyyourpet.This,theoretically,enablesthemtolearntocommunicatewithyou.Animalswillseetheactionsthatfollowafterthey’vepressedabutton.Yourpetcanthus,sotheideagoes,learntoassociatethatbuttonwith,say,“food”.TheVRheadsetofthefutureVRfinallystartedtolooklikeapracticalbusinessproject,thankstothelaunchoftheMetaQuest3.TheVisionProisdueforreleasein2024andwillbepricey,butitlookslikelytopushVRtonewheightsbyimprovingvisualqualityandreducingmotionsickness.1.WhatdoweknowaboutDALL.E3?A.It’saswidelyknownasChatGPT.B.Itsunderstandingabilityhasimproved.C.Itcan’trespondtocomplicatedrequests.D.It’sthemostinfluentialimagegenerator.2.Whichoftheinnovationscanbequiteexpensive?A.FluentPet. B.VisionPro. C.DALL.E3. D.GalaxyZFlip5.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Togiveinformation. B.Tomakecomments.C.Topromoteproducts. D.Toencourageinnovation.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍四款去年推出的革新性科技产品，分别说明各产品的特点、升级之处和功能优势，展现科技的新发展。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Thenext-genAIimagegenerator部分中的“Earlierversionswereconfusedbycomplicatedsubjectsandrequests,butDALL.E3’s“brain”hasbeenadjustedtounderstandthembetter.(早期版本会对复杂的主题和要求感到困惑，但DALL.E3的“大脑”经过调整，能更好地理解这些内容。)”可知，DALL.E3的理解能力得到了提升。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据TheVRheadsetofthefuture部分中的“TheVisionProisdueforreleasein2024andwillbepricey,butitlookslikelytopushVRtonewheightsbyimprovingvisualqualityandreducingmotionsickness.(VisionPro将于2024年推出，价格会十分昂贵，但它有望通过提升视觉质量和减少晕动症，将虚拟现实技术推向新的高度。)”可知，VisionPro这款创新产品的价格相当昂贵。故选B项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Herearethegame-changinginnovationsunveiledlastyearthatcaughtourattentionfortakingimprovementstoanewlevel.(以下是去年推出的具有变革性的创新成果，这些成果因将技术改进提升到新高度而备受关注。)”以及后文依次介绍四款创新产品的相关信息可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍相关信息。故选A项。BOnesummerevening,myfamilyoffourdinedatacharmingrestaurant.Wewereenjoyingourselves,innohurrytoleave,butafterawhile,thekidsgrewimpatientaswewaitedforthecheck.“Where’sthecheck?”Iasked.“Where’sourwaiter?”mywifeechoed.Eventually,Icaughttheattentionofadifferentwaiter.Iaskedifhecouldgetourcheck.Hedisappeared.Weleftwithoutpaying.Beforeyougetthewrongidea,letmeexplain.Ourwaiterturnedupandtoldusthetwogentlemenacrosshadpaidforourdinnerbutrequestedhenotletusknowuntiltheyhadgone.Theysawahappyfamily,thewaiterexplained,andsimplywantedtodosomethingnice.Thosetwomengaveusafreemeal,awarmmemoryandalifelesson.Always,mydaughterandsonrecallthatlong-agospecialdinneraspartoftheirmotivationtoassistothers.MywifeandIhavefeltsimilarly.Whilethebillhasbeen“paidforward”inmanyways,I’vealwaysfeltaproper“thankyou”hasnotbeengiven.Somewherealongtheway,Imusthavestoppedlookingfortheperfectoccasiontoanonymously(匿名地)say,“PuttheirdinneronmyMasterCard.”Recently,asIwaswaitingformytake-outorderatmyfavoriterestaurant,aU.S.soldierdressedinanarmyuniformwalkedin.Heworeabackpackweighingabout60pounds,whichissayingsomething,yetheeffortlesslystoodtallandstraight.“Hi,”Isaid.“Iwanttothankyouforallyoudo.”“Iappreciatethatverymuch,sir,”theauthenticAmericanherohumblyreplied.BeforeIcouldsaymore,thewaiterledhimandhisproudmothertotheirseat.AsIwatchedthembeseated,anideastruckme...Ihopedtheyorderedafeast.Andafterward,Ihopedtheyhadtowaitawhile,enjoyingeachother’scompanyevenastheygrewimpatient,wonderingwheretheirwaiterwaswiththecheck.4.Whatdidthetwogentlemenaskthewaitertodo?A.Deliveragifttothefamily. B.Getthecheckforthefamily.C.Giveadiscountontheirmeal. D.Explainthetruthaftertheyleft.5.Howdidthefamilyfeelwhentheyleftwithoutpaying?A.Gratefulandmoved. B.Impatientandangry.C.Relievedandconfident. D.Confusedandworried.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thesoldierranoutofpatience. B.Thewaiterwouldpaythecheck.C.Theauthorwantedtotreatthem. D.Therestaurantofferedbadservice.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnAwkwardWait B.ACheckNeverFoundC.AnUnforgettableMeal D.AFeastFinallyOrdered【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者一家就餐时被两位绅士悄悄买单，这件事带来温暖与启发，最终作者也想为一位军人及其母亲做同样的事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Ourwaiterturnedupandtoldusthetwogentlemenacrosshadpaidforourdinnerbutrequestedhenotletusknowuntiltheyhadgone.(我们的服务员过来告诉我们，对面的两位绅士已经为我们付了餐费，但要求他等他们走了之后再告诉我们。)”可知，两位绅士要求服务员在他们离开后再把为作者一家买单的真相说出来。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第七段中的“Thosetwomengaveusafreemeal,awarmmemoryandalifelesson.(那两个人为我们提供了免费的晚餐，留下了温暖的回忆，也给我们上了人生一课。)”以及第八段中的“Whilethebillhasbeen“paidforward”inmanyways,I’vealwaysfeltaproper“thankyou”hasnotbeengiven.(尽管这份恩情早已以各种方式传递了下去，但我总觉得，一直没能好好说一声谢谢。)”可知，作者一家对于被陌生绅士买单这件事充满感激，也被这份善意所打动。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ihopedtheyorderedafeast.Andafterward,Ihopedtheyhadtowaitawhile,enjoyingeachother’scompanyevenastheygrewimpatient,wonderingwheretheirwaiterwaswiththecheck.(我希望他们点了一大桌菜。之后，我希望他们也等上一会儿，享受彼此的陪伴，即便会变得不耐烦，疑惑着服务员拿着账单在哪里。)”可知，作者的想法和自己当初被买单时的经历相呼应，由此可推断作者想要为这位军人和他的母亲支付餐费。故选C项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开头以作者一家就餐时迟迟等不到账单展开，后续得知是被他人悄悄买单，最后作者看到军人和其母亲后，也想悄悄为他们买单，让他们也体验一次等不到账单的经历，“一张从未找到的账单”贯穿全文，最能概括文章核心内容，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。CBalancingononelegmaysoundeasy,butnewresearchsaysthatanyslighttrembleornear-fallscouldindicateyourbodyisagingfasterthanyoumighthavehoped.AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalPLOS,howlongyoucanmaintainthisstanding-on-one-legtestindicatesthespeedatwhichyourneuromuscular(神经肌肉的)sensorysystem,orNMSS,isdeclining.Thissystemisacollectionofnervesthatconnectsyourmusclestoyourbrain,allowingyourmusclestomovewhenneeded.Asthissystemweakens,yourmovementsandresponsestendtoslowdownnoticeably.Balancingfor30secondsdoesn’ttaketoomuchmusclestrengthbutrequiresadequateneuromuscularcontrol.Asageincreases,however,bothofthesedecline,causingmoreswaying(摇晃)andashorterbalancingtime.Tomeasurethisdecline,researchersfromtheMayoClinicconductedanexperimentinvolving40participantsaged50to80,employingthebalancetesttoexaminetheirabilitytostandononelegunderdifferentsensoryconditions.Eachparticipantwasaskedtobalancefor30secondsfourtimesinthestudy:twoattemptsperleg,firstwiththeireyesclosed,thenwiththemopen.Thefindingsshowedthatforeveryadditional10yearsofage,swayingtendstoincreaseby6.3percentiftheparticipants’eyesareopenand10.5percentiftheireyesareclosed.Thestudyalsofoundthathowlongtheparticipantscouldbalancedeclinedby2.2secondsperdecadeontheirnon-dominantlegand1.7secondsontheirdominantleg.Evidencefromrelatedstudiessuggeststhatconsistentpracticeinbalance-enhancingexercises,suchasTaiChiandyoga,andregularaerobic(有氧的)activities,suchasswimmingandcycling,caneffectivelypreventthisage-relateddecline.“Attemptstopreventorslowthelossofmusclestrengthandbalanceinolderagecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenremainingfunctionallyindependentandearlyadmissiontoanursinghome,”saidProfDavidProctor,anagingandexerciseexpertatPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.8.WhatisadirectresultoftheweakeningNMSS?A.Fasteraging. B.Slowerreaction. C.Strengthloss. D.Balancingfailure.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthestudy?A.Agehasnothingtodowithbalance. B.Openingeyescausesmoreswaying.C.Thedominantlegagesslightlyslower. D.Visiondeclinesheavilyasageincreases.10.WhydoestheauthorquoteProfDavidProctor’swords?A.Tosupporttheresearchmethod. B.Toexplainthebalancetest.C.Torecommendspecificexercise. D.Tohighlightbalancetraining.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Abalancetestonaging. B.Asecretofstayingyoung.C.Theconcernsoftheelderly. D.Thedifficultyinkeepingbalance.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍单腿平衡测试可反映人体神经肌肉感知系统的衰退速度，还展示了相关研究结果及预防该衰退的方法和重要性。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asthissystemweakens,yourmovementsandresponsestendtoslowdownnoticeably.(当这个系统变弱时，你的动作和反应往往会明显变慢。)”可知，神经肌肉感知系统变弱的直接结果就是人的动作和反应速度明显变慢。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thestudyalsofoundthathowlongtheparticipantscouldbalancedeclinedby2.2secondsperdecadeontheirnon-dominantlegand1.7secondsontheirdominantleg.(研究还发现，参与者非优势腿的平衡保持时间每十年减少2.2秒，优势腿则减少1.7秒。)”可知，优势腿的平衡时间衰退幅度更小，由此可推断，人的优势腿老化速度稍慢。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Evidencefromrelatedstudiessuggeststhatconsistentpracticeinbalance-enhancingexercises,suchasTaiChiandyoga,andregularaerobic(有氧的)activities,suchasswimmingandcycling,caneffectivelypreventthisage-relateddecline.“Attemptstopreventorslowthelossofmusclestrengthandbalanceinolderagecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenremainingfunctionallyindependentandearlyadmissiontoanursinghome,”saidProfDavidProctor,anagingandexerciseexpertatPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.(相关研究的证据表明，坚持进行太极、瑜伽等增强平衡能力的锻炼，以及游泳、骑行等常规的有氧运动，能有效预防这种与年龄相关的身体机能衰退。宾夕法尼亚州立大学研究衰老和运动的专家大卫·普罗克特教授说：“努力预防或减缓老年人肌肉力量和平衡能力的丧失，可能意味着能保持生活自理和提前进入养老院的区别。”)”可知，作者先指出平衡训练能预防相关衰退，再引用教授的话说明平衡能力对老年人的重要性，其目的是为了强调平衡训练的重要意义。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇指出单腿平衡的状态能反映身体老化速度，接着介绍相关研究表明单腿平衡测试可体现神经肌肉感知系统的衰退速度，随后展示了该测试的具体研究结果，最后说明平衡训练可预防相关衰退并强调其重要性，由此可知，全文主要介绍的是与人体老化相关的平衡测试。故选A项。DMultivitamins(复合维生素)arewidelyconsumedbyhumanstoaddtotheirnutritionalintake.However,scientistsarenowexploringanewapplication:boostingthehealthofcoralsystems.Ateamofresearchershasdiscoveredthatkeyingredientsinmultivitaminscanenhancethevitalityofthegrowingcoral,equippingittoresisttheharmfulimpactscausedbyongoingclimatechangeandremainbeautifulinthedeep-seaworld.Coralreefs,complexstructuresformedoverthousandsofyears,consistofnumeroustinymarinecreaturesknownaspolyps(珊瑚虫).Theseorganismsreleaseahardoutershellandarethenpermanentlyfixedinoneplace.Althoughcoralpolypscanbefoundinvariousoceanregions,theexistenceofextensivereefsismainlylimitedtowarmshallowwaters,withtheGreatBarrierReefstandingasthebiggestexampleglobally.Thesebio-diverseecosystemsservecriticalfunctions,fromdefendingcoastlinestoprovidingnecessaryfoodandhabitatformarinespecies.However,theworseningphenomenonofcoralwhitening,primarilydrivenbyhighertemperaturesinthesea,posesadeadlythreat.Inresponse,researchersfromWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutionhavebeentestingawaytostrengthenthecorals’immunesystem.Theirmethodinvolvedputtingessentialnutrients,includingiron,manganese,andzinc,intosmallroundtiles(片状材料).Youngcoralsamplesraisedonthesetilesshowedaclearabilitytoabsorbthemicro-nutrients,resultinginagreaterpossibilitytoendureenvironmentalpressure.Basedontheirpromisingfinding,theteamnowintendstousethetilesonanartificialreefattheUniversityoftheVirginIslandsintheCaribbean.Thishuman-madestructure,designedfortransplantingandraisingyoungcoral,willletitkeepabsorbinghelpfulnutrientsfromthematerial.Themaingoalofthiseffortistwofold:toofferimmediateprotectiontosensitiveshorelinesandtoestablishatemporaryshelterforcoralcommunities,thussupportingongoingworktorestoretheregion’snaturalreefsystems,whoserecoveryisoftenheldbackbyconstanthumanimpacts.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vitality”meaninparagraph1?A.Beauty. B.Hardness. C.Diversity. D.Energy.13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutcoralreefs?A.Theirhistory. B.Theirfunctions. C.Theirformation. D.Theirstructures.14.Whydoescoralwhiteninghappenaccordingtothepassage?A.Heavyoceanpollution. B.Lackofnutrientsinoceans.C.Risingseatemperature. D.Poorimmunesystemsofcoral.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthetiles?A.Theyhelpyoungcoraltosurvive. B.Theycontributetocoolingseawater.C.Theyaredirectlyappliedtonaturalreefs. D.Theyarewidelyusedinoceanprotection.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科学家发现复合维生素中的关键成分可助力珊瑚生长，还讲解珊瑚礁的形成与作用，说明其面临的威胁及研究人员的保护和修复措施。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Ateamofresearchershasdiscoveredthatkeyingredientsinmultivitaminscanenhancethevitalityofthegrowingcoral,equippingittoresisttheharmfulimpactscausedbyongoingclimatechangeandremainbeautifulinthedeep-seaworld.(一组研究人员发现，复合维生素中的关键成分能增强生长中的珊瑚的vitality，使其能够抵御持续的气候变化带来的有害影响，在深海世界中保持美丽。)”可知，复合维生素的关键成分能让珊瑚抵御气候变化的伤害，结合语境可推测该词指珊瑚的活力、生命力，energy意为能量、活力，与之相符。故选D项。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Coralreefs,complexstructuresformedoverthousandsofyears,consistofnumeroustinymarinecreaturesknownaspolyps(珊瑚虫).Theseorganismsreleaseahardoutershellandarethenpermanentlyfixedinoneplace.Althoughcoralpolypscanbefoundinvariousoceanregions,theexistenceofextensivereefsismainlylimitedtowarmshallowwaters,withtheGreatBarrierReefstandingasthebiggestexampleglobally.(珊瑚礁是历经数千年形成的复杂结构，由众多被称为珊瑚虫的微小海洋生物组成。这些生物会分泌出坚硬的外壳，然后永久固定在一个地方。虽然在多个海洋区域都能发现珊瑚虫，但大规模珊瑚礁的存在主要局限于温暖的浅水区，而大堡礁便是全球范围内最典型的例证。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了珊瑚礁的构成、形成过程以及生长的环境，核心是讲解珊瑚礁的形成相关内容。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However,theworseningphenomenonofcoralwhitening,primarilydrivenbyhighertemperaturesinthesea,posesadeadlythreat.(然而，主要由海水温度升高引发的珊瑚白化现象不断加剧，这对珊瑚礁构成了致命威胁。)”可知，珊瑚白化现象发生的主要原因是海水温度的上升。故选C项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theirmethodinvolvedputtingessentialnutrients,includingiron,manganese,andzinc,intosmallroundtiles(片状材料).Youngcoralsamplesraisedonthesetilesshowedaclearabilitytoabsorbthemicro-nutrients,resultinginagreaterpossibilitytoendureenvironmentalpressure.(他们的方法是将铁、锰、锌等必需营养素融入圆形的小片状材料中。在这些材料上培育的幼年珊瑚样本表现出明显的吸收微量元素的能力，从而更有可能承受环境压力。)”可知，这种片状材料能让幼年珊瑚吸收微量元素，提升其承受环境压力的能力，帮助幼年珊瑚存活。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wealllovetocriticize,butwedeeplyhatebeingcriticized.Thiscontradictioncanbechallenging.Tofitinthecultureofcriticism,wemustadoptsmarterhabitsofbothgivingandreceivingcriticalfeedback.Don’ttakeitpersonally.Withoutthinkingtwice,weoftenmakecriticismpersonalbyfocusingonthecritic’smotivesorseeingitasajudgmentonourinherent(固有的)abilitiesratherthanonourperformance.____16____Thesolutionistoconsciouslydepersonalizeit.Trainyourselftoassessthefeedbackpurelyonthefactsofthematterathand—nothingmore,nothingless.____17____Onceyoustoptakingitpersonally,youcanrethinkothers’criticismasvaluableinsiderinformation.____18____Thus,youwillgetapotentialopportunitytocorrectcourseandimprove.Studieshaveshownthatstudentswholearntoactivelyseekandusefeedbackconsistentlyachievebettergradesanddevelopstrongerstudyhabits.Focusonthebehavior,nottheperson.Whenyouaretheonegivingcriticism,rememberthatthegoalistobeconstructive,notcritical.Thismeanstargetingthespecificbehaviororoutcomethatneedschange.____19____Bydoingso,youensureyouradviceisrespectfulandmuchmorelikelytobeacceptedandactedupon.Choosetherightsettingwisely.Theenvironmentwhereyougivefeedbacksignificantlyinfluencesitsimpact.Scholarlyresearchdemonstratedthatpublicpraiseismoremotivatingthanprivatepraise,whilenegativefeedbackdeliveredinprivatewasmoreeffective.____20____A.FocusonthepositivefeedbackB.Viewfeedbackasachancetogrow.C.Theapproachshiftsthefocusfromblametosolution.D.Ithelpsyouknowhowpeoplethinkaboutyouractions.E.Moreover,thefrequencyofcriticismaffectsitseffectiveness.F.Therefore,alwayscarefullyconsiderwheretodeliverfeedback.G.Thenaturalreactioncanpreventusfrombenefitingfromcriticism.【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.C20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍应对批评文化的方法，包括接受批评不主观、视其为成长机会，以及提出批评聚焦行为、选对场合的技巧。【16题详析】根据前文“Withoutthinkingtwice,weoftenmakecriticismpersonalbyfocusingonthecritic’smotivesorseeingitasajudgmentonourinherent(固有的)abilitiesratherthanonourperformance.(我们常常不假思索地将批评个人化，关注批评者的动机，或将其视为对我们固有能力而非行为表现的评判。)”以及后文“Thesolutionistoconsciouslydepersonalizeit.Trainyourselftoassessthefeedbackpurelyonthefactsofthematterathand—nothingmore,nothingless.(解决办法是有意识地避免将其个人化。训练自己纯粹根据眼前事情的事实来评估反馈，不多也不少。)”可知，前文说明人们面对批评的自然反应是将其个人化，后文给出解决这一问题的办法，此空应说明这种自然反应的负面影响，G选项“Thenaturalreactioncanpreventusfrombenefitingfromcriticism.(这种自然的反应会阻碍我们从批评中获益。)”中的Thenaturalreaction指代前文将批评个人化的行为，承接前文且引出后文的解决办法，符合语境。故选G项。【17题详析】此处应为本段的小标题，概括本段核心内容，根据后文“Onceyoustoptakingitpersonally,youcanrethinkothers’criticismasvaluableinsiderinformation.(一旦你不再将批评个人化，你就可以将他人的批评重新视为有价值的内部信息。)”和“Thus,youwillgetapotentialopportunitytocorrectcourseandimprove.(因此，你将获得一个调整方向、取得进步的潜在机会。)”可知，本段核心是将他人的批评看作是让自己获得成长的机会，B选项“Viewfeedbackasachancetogrow.(将反馈视为成长的机会。)”能精准概括本段主题，符合语境。故选B项。【18题详析】根据前文“Onceyoustoptakingitpersonally,youcanrethinkothers’criticismasvaluableinsiderinformation.(一旦你不再将批评个人化，你就可以将他人的批评重新视为有价值的内部信息。)”以及后文“Thus,youwillgetapotentialopportunitytocorrectcourseandimprove.(因此，你将获得一个调整方向、取得进步的潜在机会。)”可知，前文指出批评是有价值的内部信息，后文说明这能带来进步的机会，此空应说明这一有价值的信息的具体作用，D选项“Ithelpsyouknowhowpeoplethinkaboutyouractions.(它能帮助你了解人们对你的行为的看法。)”中的It指代前文的valuableinsiderinformation，承接前文且为后文的进步机会做铺垫，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详析】根据本段小标题“Focusonthebehavior,nottheperson.(关注行为，而非个人。)”以及前文“Whenyouaretheonegivingcriticism,rememberthatthegoalistobeconstructive,notcritical.Thismeanstargetingthespecificbehaviororoutcomethatneedschange.(当你是提出批评的人时，记住目的是给出建设性的意见，而非单纯的指责。这意味着要针对需要改变的具体行为或结果。)”和后文“Bydoingso,youensureyouradviceisrespectfulandmuchmorelikelytobeacceptedandactedupon.(通过这样做，你能确保你的建议是出于尊重的，也更有可能被接受并付诸行动。)”可知，本段核心是提出批评时聚焦具体行为，此空应说明这种做法的转变，C选项“Theapproachshiftsthefocusfromblametosolution.(这种方法将关注点从指责转向了解决问题。)”中的Theapproach指代前文聚焦具体行为提批评的做法，承接前文且引出后文该做法的好处，符合语境。故选C项。【20题详析】根据本段小标题“Choosetherightsettingwisely.(明智地选择合适的场合。)”以及前文“Theenvironmentwhereyougivefeedbacksignificantlyinfluencesitsimpact.Scholarlyresearchdemonstratedthatpublicpraiseismoremotivatingthanprivatepraise,whilenegativefeedbackdeliveredinprivatewasmoreeffective.(提出反馈的环境会极大地影响其效果。学术研究表明，公开的表扬比私下的表扬更能起到激励作用，而负面反馈在私下提出会更有效。)”可知，本段核心是提出反馈要选对场合，且前文用研究结果佐证了场合的重要性，此空应总结前文，说明要认真考虑提出反馈的场合，F选项“Therefore,alwayscarefullyconsiderwheretodeliverfeedback.(因此，要始终认真考虑在何处提出反馈。)”中的Therefore表总结，紧扣小标题的选对场合主题，且承接前文的研究结论，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Therecomesatimeforeveryfamilywhenrolesreverse(颠倒)andparentshavetolistentotheirchildren.MinearrivedrecentlywhenmywifeandI____21____withoureldersonNathanielinLosAngeles,ourfirstvisitinyearsandthelongestsincehemovedwestin2014.Awholeweekunderhis____22____!Onourfirstnight,Nathanielwarnedme____23____nottoleavethewaterrunningwhenwashinghands.I____24____—droughtisamajorconcerninCalifornia.Butthereweremore____25____tofollow:onlyonepumpofhandsanitizer(洗手液),andnotakingextrapapertowelsto____26____thekitchencounter.Iwastoldtouseadishclothinstead.Atfirst,IwonderedhowI’draisedsucha____27____kid.ThenIrememberedmyownwordstohimwhenhewasakid,“Doasweasktillyouhaveyourownhome”.Now____28____hadcome.Despitemyunwillingness,I____29____Nathaniel’sregulations,butoccasionallyslippedbackintomyold_____30_____,likeusingafewextrapapertowelssecretly.Therewere_____31_____too:hecleaneddishes,plannedoutingstoplacesliketheAutryMuseum,anddroveuseverywhere,_____32_____mefromLAtraffic.WhenIcrossedastretchofrocksatElMatadorBeachonourlastafternoon,Nathaniel_____33_____,“Youdidit!I’mproud!”Suddenly,Irealizedrolereversalisn’taboutpaybackatall;it’sthe_____34_____proofthatthecarewepourintoourkids_____35_____andblossomswiththem,comingfullcircletowraparounduswhenweneeditmost.21.A.stayed B.worked C.played D.talked22.A.bed B.room C.roof D.table23.A.proudly B.casually C.eventually D.repeatedly24.A.hesitated B.understood C.apologized D.changed25.A.ideas B.rules C.plans D.routines26.A.remove B.cover C.dry D.wipe27.A.polite B.firm C.strict D.cold28.A.breakthrough B.payback C.makeup D.slowdown29.A.gaveup B.showedoff C.stuckto D.putforward30.A.habit B.custom C.wonder D.talent31.A.sufferings B.benefits C.tasks D.results32.A.sparing B.hiding C.separating D.defending33.A.stated B.explained C.whispered D.exclaimed34.A.hardest B.bravest C.sweetest D.smartest35.A.rises B.boils C.fades D.grows【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.B26.D27.C28.B29.C30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者夫妇去洛杉矶住儿子家，被儿子约束迎来角色颠倒，最终领悟对孩子的关爱会成长并回馈自己的感悟。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我和妻子在洛杉矶和大儿子纳撒尼尔住在一起时，这样的时刻降临到了我家，这是我们多年来的第一次探望，也是自2014年他搬到西部后最久的一次。A.stayed停留、居住；B.worked工作；C.played玩耍；D.talked交谈。根据后文“ourfirstvisitinyearsandthelongestsincehemovedwestin2014.”可知，作者和妻子在儿子家居住。故选A项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他的屋檐下待了整整一个星期！A.bed床；B.room房间；C.roof屋顶；D.table桌子。根据前文“MinearrivedrecentlywhenmywifeandI________withoureldersonNathanielinLosAngeles”可知，作者夫妇住在儿子家，underone’sroof为固定搭配表“在某人家里”。故选C项。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：第一天晚上，纳撒尼尔反复提醒我洗手时不要让水一直流着。A.proudly骄傲地；B.casually随意地；C.eventually最终；D.repeatedly反复地。根据后文“droughtisamajorconcerninCalifornia”以及“onlyonepumpofhandsanitizer(洗手液),andnotakingextrapapertowelsto________thekitchencounter.”等儿子的诸多提醒可知，儿子会反复提醒作者节约用水。故选D项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我理解了——干旱是加州最令人担忧的问题。A.hesitated犹豫；B.understood理解；C.apologized道歉；D.changed改变。根据后文“droughtisamajorconcerninCalifornia”可知，作者知晓加州的干旱情况，因此理解了儿子的提醒。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但接下来还有更多的规定：洗手液只能按一下，不要拿多余的纸巾擦厨房台面。A.ideas想法；B.rules规定；C.plans计划；D.routines日常。根据后文“onlyonepumpofhandsanitizer,andnotakingextrapapertowels”可知，这些是儿子定下的具体规定。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但接下来还有更多的规定：洗手液只能按一下，不要拿多余的纸巾擦厨房台面。A.remove移除；B.cover覆盖；C.dry擦干；D.wipe擦拭。根据后文“Iwastoldtouseadishclothinstead”可知，儿子要求作者不要用纸巾，而是用抹布来擦拭厨房台面。故选D项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我还纳闷自己怎么养出了这么严格的孩子。A.polite礼貌的；B.firm坚定的；C.strict严格的；D.cold冷漠的。根据前文“onlyonepumpofhandsanitizer,andnotakingextrapapertowelstowipethekitchencounter”可知，儿子定下的规定十分细致严苛，作者因此觉得儿子很严格。故选C项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，报应来了。A.breakthrough突破；B.payback报应、回报；C.makeup化妆品；D.slowdown减速。根据前文“ThenIrememberedmyownwordstohimwhenhewasakid,“Doasweasktillyouhaveyourownhome”.”可知，作者曾对儿子提要求，如今儿子反过来约束自己，作者觉得这是一种报应。故选B项。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管心里不情愿，我还是遵守了纳撒尼尔的规定，但偶尔还是会变回老习惯，比如偷偷多用几张纸巾。A.gaveup放弃；B.showedoff炫耀；C.stuckto遵守；D.putforward提出。根据后文“butoccasionallyslippedbackintomyold______,likeusingafewextrapapertowelssecretly.”可知，作者大体上遵守了儿子的规定。故选C项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管心里不情愿，我还是遵守了纳撒尼尔的规定，但偶尔还是会变回老习惯，比如偷偷多用几张纸巾。A.habit习惯；B.custom习俗；C.wonder奇迹；D.talent天赋。根据前文“notakingextrapapertowelstowipethekitchencounter”以及后文“likeusingafewextrapapertowelssecretly”可知，作者还是改不了多用纸巾的老习惯。故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然也有好处：他洗碗，规划去奥特里博物馆等地的外出行程，开车带我们去各处，让我避开了洛杉矶的交通。A.sufferings苦难；B.benefits好处；C.tasks任务；D.results结果。根据后文“hecleaneddishes,plannedoutingstoplacesliketheAutryMuseum,anddroveuseverywhere”可知，儿子为作者夫妇做了很多事，这是被儿子约束之外的好处。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然也有好处：他洗碗，规划去奥特里博物馆等地的外出行程，开车带我们去各处，让我避开了洛杉矶的交通。A.sparing使避免；B.hiding隐藏；C.separating分开；D.defending保卫。根据前文“droveuseverywhere”可知，儿子开车带着作者夫妇，让作者避开了洛杉矶的交通，sparesbfromsth意为“使某人避开某事”。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后一天下午，当我走过埃尔马塔多海滩的一片礁石区时，纳撒尼尔大喊道：“你做到了！我为你骄傲！”A.stated陈述；B.explained解释；C.whispered低语；D.exclaimed呼喊、大叫。根据语境和后文“Youdidit!I’mproud!”可知，儿子是大声喊出这句话的。故选D项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我意识到角色颠倒根本不是什么报应，而是最甜蜜的证明——我们倾注在孩子身上的关爱，会和他们一起成长、绽放，在我们最需要的时候，兜兜转转回馈给我们。A.hardest最艰难的；B.bravest最勇敢的；C.sweetest最甜蜜的；D.smartest最聪明的。根据前文儿子的关心、照顾以及鼓励的话语，以及后文“thecarewepourintoourkids_______andblossomswiththem,comingfullcircletowraparounduswhenweneeditmost.”可知，这份角色颠倒是最甜蜜的证明。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我意识到角色颠倒根本不是什么报应，而是最甜蜜的证明——我们倾注在孩子身上的关爱，会和他们一起成长、绽放，在我们最需要的时候，兜兜转转回馈给我们。A.rises升起；B.boils沸腾；C.fades褪色；D.grows成长。根据后文“andblossomswiththem”可知，此处与“绽放”并列，指倾注在孩子身上的关爱会和他们一起成长。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FromOct16to19,theBeijingBookFairtransformedtheNationalTennisCenterfromavenueofathleticcompetitionintoacelebrationofthemind.Beijing’s____36____(enthusiastic)forreadingextendsfarbeyondthisannualevent,however.Forexample,the“TempleofEarthandMe”BeijingBookFair____37____(hold)twiceayearbylocalpeople.Andthecity’s“15-minutereadingcircle”nowoffersaccess____38____6,026publiclibrariesandreadingroomsaswellas228self-servicelibraries,____39____(reach)communitiesandvillagesacrossBeijing.Independentbookstoreshavealsobecomeimportantthreads(线)inthecity’sliteraryfabric,____40____(flexible)weaving(编织)Beijing’srichreadingcultureintoitseverydaylife.OnesuchexampleisPossiblyBooks,____41____bookstoreinChaomianHutong,foundedin2023byZhaoChen,wholeftastate-ownedcompanytoreturntohischildhoodneighborhood.Zhaodesignedinteractive