江苏省南京某中学2024-2025学年高三下学期期初考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南京某中学2024-2025学年高三下学期期初考试英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMasterGardenerVolunteersWantedWhyBecomeaMasterGardener?TheMasterGardenerprogramisanall-volunteerorganizationwhereyoucandevelopyourownleadershipandteachingskillswhileteachingtheyoungeryouthabouthealthyeating,agriculture,andsoon!MasterGardenersinvolvepeopleinactivitiestoimprovetheirgeneralwell-beingandoverallenjoymentoflifebyhelpingthemfindsoundmanagementpracticesforhomeandurbannaturalresources,bycreatingpleasingenvironmentsthroughpeople-plantinteractionsandhorticulturaltherapy(园艺疗法),andbyprovidingasafefoodsupplythroughhomefruitandvegetableproduction.WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?AnyonecanapplytobeaMasterGardener—youdon’tneedtobeanexpertorhaveadegree.Youdo,however,needto:●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.●Bewillingtosharehorticultureinformationwithothers.●Bewillingtoattendatrainingprogramandcandevotetimetovolunteeringandcontinuingeducation.Besides,tobecomeaMasterGardenervolunteer,eachapplicantneedstocompleteanapplication,preparebackgroundscreeningpaperworkandscheduleaninterviewwithextensionstaff.WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?Trainingsessionsareofferedonedayaweekoverathree-monthperiodandareledbyexperteducatorsintheregion.Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand60hoursofvolunteerinternship(实习)workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.InordertoremainacertifiedMasterGardener,30hoursofvolunteerworkand10hoursofcontinuingeducationoradvancedtrainingarerequiredeachyear.1.WhatdoesaMasterGardenerdo?A.Helppromotethewell-beingofpeople. B.Trainvolunteerstohelpwithgardening.C.Teachtheyoungaboutcookingandfarming.D.Increasetheoutputofhomefruitandvegetable.2.WhatisrequiredifyouwanttoapplytobeaMasterGardener?A.Acquiringexcellentteachingskills.B.Havingsomerelevantknowledge.C.Completinggiventrainingsessions.D.Obtainingrichvolunteerexperience.3.HowlongwillittaketobecomeacertifiedMasterGardener?A.Ayear. B.Threemonths. C.About160hours. D.About120hours.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“园艺大师志愿者”这一项目，包括成为园艺大师的好处、申请资格以及培训内容等。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据WhyBecomeaMasterGardener?部分中“MasterGardenersinvolvepeopleinactivitiestoimprovetheirgeneralwell-beingandoverallenjoymentoflife(园艺大师组织人们参与活动，以提高他们的整体幸福感和生活的整体享受)”可知，园艺大师主要做的是帮助提升人们的幸福感。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?部分中“●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.(有一定的经验或了解一些园艺或景观管理知识)”可知，如果你想申请成为园艺大师，需要有一些相关知识。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?部分中“Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand60hoursofvolunteerinternship(实习)workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.(完成该项目并获得认证需要大约60个小时的课堂教学和实地学习，以及60个小时的志愿者实习工作)”可知，成为认证的园艺大师需要大约120个小时。故选D项。BTheLionKingmusical,abeastofashowcaptivatingUSaudiencessince1997,hasbeenstagedallaroundtheworld.CentraltoitssuccesswasJulieTaymor,thetheatre,filmandoperadirectoranddesignerwhoseuniquevisionhelpedthemusicalspringintolifeonstage—provingthattheatricalversionsofDisneymoviescouldnotonlybehugelyprofitable,butcoulddosowhilebeingartisticallyinnovativeintheirownright.ButwhenDisneyinitiallyapproachedher,Taymorhadn’tactuallyseenTheLionKing.“Ithought,well,whynot,let’sgolookatthemovie,”sherecalls.“AndIwasreallytaken.”Thechallengeofadaptinganepic,wide-screenstoryexcitedher:how,sherecallswondering,wouldyouputhundredsofAfricangrasslandanimalsonstage?Theanswerwasbyembracingadistinctlytheatricalapproach:masksandpuppetry(木偶).“Iwentthrougheveryanimal:okay,we’vegotagiraffe.I’llputthepuppetneckontopoftheheadofthedancer,butyou’regoingtoseethedancer’sface…”remembersTaymor.Herdesignsallowedtheaudiencetoseethemechanicsofhoweachcharacterismade.“YoucanseeSimba’semotionontheactor’sface,whileamaskontopofhisheadremindsyouthatthisis,infact,alion.Thereisnoattempttohidethehumanbeingbehindthemasksorinsidethepuppet,”shesays,atechniqueshecalledthe“doubleevent”.“Iwantedtodowhattheatredoesbest,”recallsTaymor.“Filmhidesthestrings:weknowit’sfake,butwe’repretendingthatit’sreallythere.Whereasinthetheatre,wewillenjoyseeingalittlepuppetofaboat,andabigoceanofsilk…Theaudienceisnotplayeddownto—they’rebroughtintothegame.”Thehowwasahit—andanewkindofmusicalwasborn.4.WhatwaskeytothesuccessofTheLionKingmusical?A.Disney’spromotionplan. B.Taymor’screativegenius.C.Disney’smovietechnique. D.Taymor’spublicreputation.5.WhatchallengedidTaymorfaceinadaptingTheLionKing?A.Howtodecoratethestage. B.Howtotrainvariousanimals.C.Howtopresentthecharacters. D.Howtomirrortheoriginalmovie.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“doubleevent”?A.Itprovidedperformerswithconfidence. B.Itreducedthedangerofanimalpresence.C.Ithelpedtodistinguishhumansfromanimals. D.Itcombinedanimalimagerywithactoremotions.7.WhatdoesTaymorappreciatemostabouttheatre?A.Itshigh-techstagedesign. B.Itsever-changingstoryline.C.Itsopenandengagingnature. D.Itsloyalandappreciativeaudience.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了《狮子王》音乐剧的成功及其背后的创意过程，以及Taymor如何通过独特的戏剧方法和技巧实现了这一成功。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“CentraltoitssuccesswasJulieTaymor,thetheatre,filmandoperadirectoranddesignerwhoseuniquevisionhelpedthemusicalspringintolifeonstage—provingthattheatricalversionsofDisneymoviescouldnotonlybehugelyprofitable,butcoulddosowhilebeingartisticallyinnovativeintheirownright.(其核心成功之处在于JulieTaymor，这位剧院、电影和歌剧导演及设计师以其独特的视角让这部音乐剧在舞台上焕发生机——这证明了迪士尼电影的戏剧版本不仅能带来巨大的利润，而且能在保持自身艺术创新的同时实现这一目标。)”可知，音乐剧《狮子王》成功的关键是Taymor的创意天赋。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thechallengeofadaptinganepic,wide-screenstoryexcitedher:how,sherecallswondering,wouldyouputhundredsofAfricangrasslandanimalsonstage?(改编一个史诗般的宽银幕故事的挑战让她兴奋不已：她回忆说，当时她在想，你怎么能把数百只非洲草原动物搬上舞台呢？)”可知，Taymor在改编《狮子王》时遇到的挑战是如何呈现角色。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““YoucanseeSimba’semotionontheactor’sface,whileamaskontopofhisheadremindsyouthatthisis,infact,alion.Thereisnoattempttohidethehumanbeingbehindthemasksorinsidethepuppet,”shesays,atechniqueshecalledthe“doubleevent”.(“你可以从演员的脸上看到辛巴的情绪，而他头上的面具提醒你这实际上是一头狮子。没有人试图把人藏在面具后面或木偶里面，”她说，这种技术被她称为“双重事件”。)”可知，“双重事件”将动物形象与演员情感相结合。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whereasinthetheatre,wewillenjoyseeingalittlepuppetofaboat,andabigoceanofsilk…Theaudienceisnotplayeddownto—they’rebroughtintothegame.(而在剧院里，我们会喜欢看到一艘小船的小木偶，以及一片由丝绸制成的大海……观众并没有被轻视——他们被带入到了这场表演之中。)”可知，Taymor最欣赏戏剧开放和吸引人的性质。故选C。CSmart-glasses,atypeofwearabledevice,haveevolvedsignificantlysincethepioneeringyetill-fatedGoogleGlassfailedcommerciallyin2013,withearlyadoptersbeinglaughedatas“Glassholes”duetoitsstrangeappearance.However,newerdeviceslikeMeta’sRay-BanWayfarerSmartGlasseshaveimprovedinbothdesignandfunctionality.Theseglassesnowcloselyresembleordinaryeyewear,makingthemmoresociallyacceptable,andtheirsecond-generationtechnologyhascontributedtoasignificantincreaseinsales.Whilesmart-glasstechnologyhasevolved,previousresearchoftenoverlookedthebroadersocialconcernsandpublicperceptions.Ourstudyseekstoaddressthesegapsbyexploringhowsmartglassesareusedineverydaycontexts.Wesurveyed1,037adultAustralianstogathertheirviewsonthedevices,revealingarangeofpolarizedopinionsaboutthem.Theresearchspecificallyaimstounderstandtheconcernsregardingprivacy,socialbehavior,andthepotentialbenefitsofthesedevices.Ourfindingsshowacleardividebetweenownersandnon-owners.Smart-glassownerstendtoseethedevicesasenhancingtheirself-imageandsocialstatus.However,theyarealsomorelikelytoengageinriskybehaviors,suchasusingtheglasseswhiledrivingorfilmingpeoplewithouttheirpermission.Incontrast,non-ownersaredeeplyconcernedaboutprivacyproblemsandviewtheuseoftheseglassesinpublicspacesasrudeorinappropriate.Despitethesedifferences,bothgroupsagreeonthepotentialbenefitsofsmartglasses,suchasaidingthosewithvisiondifficulties.ItisimportanttonotethatusingFacebookadstopromoteoursurveymayhaveintroducedsamplebias(偏差),asitlikelyattractedsmart-glassenthusiastswhoownthedevices.Thismaynotfullyrepresenttheviewsofthegeneralpublic.Furthermore,thedominanceofMeta’sRay-Bansmartglassescouldinfluencerespondentstoviewthetechnologymorefavorably.Inconclusion,thestudyhighlightstheurgentneedforstrongregulationtoaddressthegrowingconcernsaboutprivacyandsocialbehavior.Assmartglassesbecomemoreadvanced,theriskofmisuse,suchastheinstallationoffacialrecognitionsoftware,increases.Policymakersmustcloselymonitorsmart-glasstechnologyandestablishframeworksthatensureprivacy,security,andfundamentalrightswhilepromotinginnovation.8.WhatmightcontributedtotheincreaseinsalesofMeta’sRay-BanSmartGlasses?A.Stylishfunction. B.Betterappearance.C.Acceptabletechnology. D.Improvedbattery.9.Whatisthepurposeofthestudyinthesecondparagraph?A.Toexploresmartglasses’dailyuse. B.Toinvestigatepublicprivacyconcerns.C.Tostudysocialrisksandpublicviews. D.Toanalyzethedevices’potentialbenefits.10.WhatwordscanbestdescribeSmart-glassowners?A.Rudeandinappropriate. B.Tech-mindedandcautious.C.Innovativeandconsiderate. D.Status-drivenandrisk-taking.11.Whatisthekeytoaddressingprivacyandsocialconcerns?A.Enforcingpowerfulregulations. B.Promotingtechnologyinnovation.C.Monitoringestablishedframeworks. D.Limitingfacialrecognitionsoftware.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了智能眼镜技术的进展，特别是Meta的Ray-Ban智能眼镜如何通过改进设计和功能提高销量，同时分析了公众对智能眼镜的隐私、社交行为和潜在益处的不同看法。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Smart-glasses,atypeofwearabledevice,haveevolvedsignificantlysincethepioneeringyetill-fatedGoogleGlassfailedcommerciallyin2013,withearlyadoptersbeinglaughedatas“Glassholes”duetoitsstrangeappearance.(智能眼镜是一种可穿戴设备，自2013年开创性但命运多舛的谷歌眼镜商业失败以来，它已经发生了显著的发展，早期采用者因其奇怪的外观而被嘲笑为“玻璃洞”)”以及“Theseglassesnowcloselyresembleordinaryeyewear,makingthemmoresociallyacceptable,andtheirsecond-generationtechnologyhascontributedtoasignificantincreaseinsales.(这些眼镜现在与普通眼镜非常相似，使它们在社会上更容易被接受，他们的第二代技术为销售额的大幅增长做出了贡献)”可知，新一代智能眼镜的“设计和功能”都有了显著提升，这使得它们在外观上更加接近普通眼镜，并因此得到了更广泛的社会接受。由此可以推测，更好的外观是促成销量增加的主要因素。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Ourstudyseekstoaddressthesegapsbyexploringhowsmartglassesareusedineverydaycontexts.(我们的研究试图通过探索智能眼镜在日常环境中的使用方式来解决这些差距)”以及“Theresearchspecificallyaimstounderstandtheconcernsregardingprivacy,socialbehavior,andthepotentialbenefitsofthesedevices.(这项研究专门旨在了解人们对隐私、社交行为以及这些设备的潜在好处的担忧)”可知，调查收集公众对智能眼镜的看法，重点关注隐私、社交行为和设备的潜在益处。由此可知，研究的目的是“研究公众对智能眼镜的社交风险和看法”。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Smart-glassownerstendtoseethedevicesasenhancingtheirself-imageandsocialstatus.However,theyarealsomorelikelytoengageinriskybehaviors,suchasusingtheglasseswhiledrivingorfilmingpeoplewithouttheirpermission.(智能眼镜用户往往认为这些设备能够提升他们的自我形象和社会地位。然而，他们也更容易做出一些冒险行为，比如开车时使用眼镜或未经允许就拍摄他人)”可知，智能眼镜的拥有者看重的是“提升自我形象和社会地位”，而且他们更容易做出“冒险行为”，如在开车时佩戴眼镜或未经同意拍摄他人。由此可推知，最能描述智能眼镜用户的是“地位驱动且冒险”。故选D。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Inconclusion,thestudyhighlightstheurgentneedforstrongregulationtoaddressthegrowingconcernsaboutprivacyandsocialbehavior.(总之，该研究强调了迫切需要强有力的监管来解决人们对隐私和社会行为日益增长的担忧)”可知，该研究强调了迫切需要强有力的法规来解决日益增长的隐私和社会行为问题。因此，解决隐私和社会问题的关键是执行强有力的法规。故选A。DYoumightnotthinkthatanAIcapableofmakingmusicwouldstimulateyouremotion,butothersthinkdifferently,particularlythosewhogatheredatMexicoCity’sSymphonyHallin2019forSchubert’sUnfinishedSymphony,whichIfinishedusingmelodiesgeneratedbyanAI.Astheorchestra(管弦乐团)finishedSchubert’soriginalworkandbeganthemusictheAIandIhadwritten,Icouldfeelthecrowd’senergyshiftfromastonishmenttoindignationandfear.TheyseemedafraidthatanAImightbeabletomakeemotionalsymphonicmusic.Youcanseetheirpoint:anAIthatmakesemotionalmusiccouldaffecttheemotionallivesofthousandsorevenmillionsofpeopleinasmall,butprofoundway,justlikeahumanmusiciandoes.Positiveandnegative,peoplereactedverystronglytoAI’ssymphonicdebut(首秀).Eventhoughmostpeopledon’tbelievethatAIcancreatesomethingenjoyable,they,atleastpartly,didenjoytheUnfinishedSymphony.Enjoymentinmusicimpliesthatthere’ssomethinginthemusicthatthelistenerconnectsto,aperceptionofsharedemotion.But,inthecaseofAImusic,anemotionsharedwithwho?AI,asofyet,hasnoemotions.Sowhatisthemeaningofmusicmadewithoutanemotionalcomposer?Theunsatisfyingansweristhatmusichasnoobjectivemeaning.Acomposercandecidehowapieceofmusicsounds,butit’sthelistenerthatdecideswhatitmeans.Nomatterhowit’screated,musicdoesn’texistinavacuum(真空)tothelistener.Themeaningweassigntomusicdependsonitscontext—howthepiececonnectstootherelementsinourlives.Withoutcontext,musicisliketheresultsofagamewhoseruleshavebeenlost.Thecontextforamusicispartofwhoyouare.Themusicisemotionaltoyoubecauseyouhavethecontexttoappreciateit.Asitcontinuestoevolve,AImusicwilldevelopitsowncontext.Certainly,it’llbedifferentfromhuman-mademusic.It’llmixexistinggenrestocreatenewones;it’llcombineinstrumentsthatwewouldn’tthinkofcombining.Itsruleswillbedifferent.I’mnowalwaysaskedthesamequestion:“Whoputtheemotioninthatmusic:you,thecomposer,ortheAI?”Butthat’snotthequestiontheyreallywanttoask,though.There’sadeeperquestionthatmostpeoplearetooafraidtoaskrightnow:“Aremyemotionssosimplethattheycanbemaneuveredbyamachine?”Inmyexperience,thiscouldbepossibleoneday.IfamodestlycapablemusicAIin2019couldstirupemotionsofanaudience,maybeAIcanhaveamorepowerfuleffectonouremotionallivesthanwe’dliketoadmit.12.Theaudiencereactedstronglytothesymphonymainlydueto______.A.theirdoubtsaboutAI’scapabilities B.theiruneasinessaboutAI’sinfluenceC.theorchestra’sbrilliantpresentationofAImusic D.thelikenessbetweenAImusicandtheoriginalwork13.Whatmighttheauthoragreewith?A.AIposeslittleimpactonpeople’semotions.B.Musicbearsnointendedemotionalmeaning.C.AImusicwilloutperformhuman-mademusic.D.Thecontextreflectspeople’sinterpretationofmusic.14.Whatdoestheword“maneuvered”underlinedinParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Refreshed. B.Challenged. C.Revealed. D.Directed.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AreComposersToBeReplaced? B.WouldAIMusicBeaRisingTrend?C.CouldAIMakeMusicThatMovesYou? D.WastheUnfinishedSymphonySuccessful?【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能是否能创作出富含情感的音乐的问题，论述了作者对于音乐中情感的看法。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Astheorchestra(管弦乐团)finishedSchubert’soriginalworkandbeganthemusictheAIandIhadwritten,Icouldfeelthecrowd’senergyshiftfromastonishmenttoindignationandfear.TheyseemedafraidthatanAImightbeabletomakeemotionalsymphonicmusic.Youcanseetheirpoint:anAIthatmakesemotionalmusiccouldaffecttheemotionallivesofthousandsorevenmillionsofpeopleinasmall,butprofoundway,justlikeahumanmusiciandoes.(当管弦乐队演奏完舒伯特的原创作品，开始演奏人工智能和我共同创作的音乐时，我能感觉到观众的情绪从惊讶转变为愤怒和恐惧。他们似乎担心人工智能可能会创作出充满情感的交响乐。你可以看到他们的观点：一个制作情感音乐的人工智能可以以一种微小但深刻的方式影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，就像一个人类音乐家一样。)”可知，观众之所以对交响曲反应强烈，主要是因为对人工智能的影响感到不安。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“AI,asofyet,hasnoemotions.Sowhatisthemeaningofmusicmadewithoutanemotionalcomposer?Theunsatisfyingansweristhatmusichasnoobjectivemeaning.Acomposercandecidehowapieceofmusicsounds,butit’sthelistenerthatdecideswhatitmeans.(到目前为止，人工智能还没有情感。那么，没有情感作曲家的音乐有什么意义呢?令人不满意的答案是，音乐没有客观意义。作曲家可以决定一段音乐的声音，但听众可以决定它的意义。)”可知，作者可能会同意音乐没有预期的情感含义。故选B。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Youcanseetheirpoint:anAIthatmakesemotionalmusiccouldaffecttheemotionallivesofthousandsorevenmillionsofpeopleinasmall,butprofoundway,justlikeahumanmusiciandoes.(你可以看到他们的观点：一个制作情感音乐的人工智能可以以一种微小但深刻的方式影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，就像一个人类音乐家一样。)”以及划线词上文“Aremyemotionssosimplethattheycanbe”和后文“byamachine”可知，人工智能制作的音乐可以影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，所以大多数人不敢问的问题是：我的情绪是否简单到可以被机器操纵？故划线词意思是“操纵”，与D选项Directed“指示，指导”意思最接近。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Positiveandnegative,peoplereactedverystronglytoAI’ssymphonicdebut(首秀).Eventhoughmostpeopledon’tbelievethatAIcancreatesomethingenjoyable,they,atleastpartly,didenjoytheUnfinishedSymphony.(不管是正面还是负面，人们对AI的交响乐首演反应非常强烈。尽管大多数人不相信人工智能可以创造出令人愉快的东西，但他们（至少在一定程度上）确实喜欢《未完成的交响曲》)”结合文章主要讨论了人工智能是否能创作出富含情感的音乐的问题，论述了作者对于音乐中情感的看法。可知，C选项“人工智能能做出打动你的音乐吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Graduateschoolcanbeanintenseanddemandingperiodinyourlife.____16____Thismaymakeitdifficultforyoutomaintaingoodhealth.Keepingabalanceddietbecomesparticularlychallengingwhenyourdailyroutinerunsaroundacademictasks.____17____Despiteitsconvenienceandlackoftime,itoftenleadstoconsumingmealslowinnutrientsandhighincalories.Thus,mealplanningcanbehighlybeneficial,helpingtoensureabalanceddietdespiteabusyschedule.Also,remembertodrinkmorewater.Thebody’sneedforwaterincreaseswhenunderstress.Ignoringitcanleadtofailureofcorebodyfunctions.Gradstudentsoftenfacegreaterchallengeofbalancinggradschoolandhealth.Graduateschooloftenrequiresstudentstospendmanyhoursabsorbedseated,absorbedinstudies.Thislifestylecancontributetoavarietyofhealthissues,fromobesitytoheartdisease.Besides,thementalandemotionalstressesingraduateschooloftenaddtothephysicalchallenges,leadingtoburnoutifnotmanagedeffectively.____18________19____Researchprovesthatregularexercisereducesstress,improvesmood,andenhancesoverallwell-being.Onepracticaltipforintegratingexerciseintoyourroutineistoaddphysicalactivitiestoyourbreaks.____20____Anothereffectivemethodistojoinclubsorgroupswhereyoucanengageinsportsorphysicalactivities.Thisapproachnotonlypromoteshealthbutalsofacilitatessocialinteraction.A.Manystudentsoptforfastfood.B.Mentalhealthshouldnotbeoverlooked.C.Thelonghoursofstudyingcaneasilyconsumeallyourtime.D.Shortwalks,ordeskexercises,forexample,aregoodchoices.E.Goodhealthdoesnotnecessarilymeansacrificeofacademicsuccess.F.Therefore,it’scrucialtofindabalancebetweenacademicpursuitsandphysicalhealth.G.Exercisingregularlyisanothereffectivetoolformanagingthedemandsofgraduateschool.【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。研究生院生活很紧张且苛刻，对于保持好的健康造成了挑战，本文介绍了研究生院的压力，并对如何处理这些压力保持健康提出了建议。【16题详析】空前“Graduateschoolcanbeanintenseanddemandingperiodinyourlife.(研究生院可能是你一生中紧张而又苛刻的一段时期)”及空后“Thismaymakeitdifficultforyoutomaintaingoodhealth.(这可能会使你难以保持良好的健康)”可知，空处描述研究生院时期的难以保持好的健康的挑战，C选项“长时间的学习很容易消耗你所有的时间”符合语境。故选C项。【17题详析】空前“Keepingabalanceddietbecomesparticularlychallengingwhenyourdailyroutinerunsaroundacademictasks.(当你的日常生活都围绕着学习任务时，保持均衡饮食就变得特别具有挑战性)”表明学习任务重会忽略饮食，空后“Despiteitsconvenienceandlackoftime,itoftenleadstoconsumingmealslowinnutrientsandhighincalories.(尽管它很方便，不用太多时间，但它经常导致人们摄入低营养和高热量的食物)”可知，A选项“许多学生选择快餐”与空后itsconvenienceandlackoftime相呼应，表明快餐方便，时间段，但是营养不均衡。故选A项。【18题详析】空前“Besides,thementalandemotionalstressesingraduateschooloftenaddtothephysicalchallenges,leadingtoburnoutifnotmanagedeffectively.(此外，研究生院的精神和情感压力往往会增加身体上的挑战，如果不能有效管理，就会导致倦怠)”表明压力大引起身体健康的挑战，下文表示如何减少压力，F选项“因此，在学术追求和身体健康之间找到平衡是至关重要的”与前文构成因果关系，引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。【19题详析】第二段“Thus,mealplanningcanbehighlybeneficial,helpingtoensureabalanceddietdespiteabusyschedule.(因此，饮食计划是非常有益的，有助于确保在繁忙的日程安排下均衡饮食)”表明第一个建议是均衡饮食，结合后文“Anothereffectivemethodistojoinclubsorgroupswhereyoucanengageinsportsorphysicalactivities.(另一个有效的方法是加入俱乐部或团体，在那里你可以从事体育运动或体育活动)”及下一句“Researchprovesthatregularexercisereducesstress,improvesmood,andenhancesoverallwell-being.(研究证明，有规律的锻炼可以减轻压力，改善情绪，提高整体幸福感)”可知，空处应表明规律锻炼的必要，G选项“定期锻炼是管理研究生院需求的另一个有效工具”符合语境，且Exercisingregularly与下文regularexercise呼应。故选G项。【20题详析】空前“Onepracticaltipforintegratingexerciseintoyourroutineistoaddphysicalactivitiestoyourbreaks.(将锻炼融入日常生活的一个实用建议是在休息时间增加体育活动)”表明一个建议是增加体育活动，D选项“例如，短距离散步或在办公桌前锻炼都是不错的选择”为具体的建议，符合语境。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mymotherhasalwaysbeenoneofthoserarepeoplethatseesthegoodineveryoneanddoesgoodthings.She’shadherupsanddownsbuthasalways___21___apositive,sunnyoutlookonlifeandbeenvery___22___topeople.Oneday,mylittlesisterfellandhurtherankle,desperatelyneedinga___23___tothehospitalemergencyroom.Mymotherimmediately___24___intocrisismode,packedmysisterintothecar,anddrovetoourlocalhospital.Insucha___25___,mymotherdidn’tcalltotellmyfather.Whenshegottothehospital,sherealizedsheneededto___26___withmyfatherimmediately.Whilewaitingformysistertobeexamined,mymother___27___herwaytothepayphonetoplacehercall.Sheputhercoinin,calledmyfatherandtoldhimeverything.Aftershehungup,thephone___28___severaladditionalcoinsthatMomwasn’towed.Realizingthatthephonewas___29___,mymotherdecidedtoleavethe____30____coinsbythephone.Shetoldusthatinacrisis,peoplemightnotremembertobring____31____withthemtomakethatemergencycall.I’veoftenthoughtabouther____32____fromanadult’sperspective.Irealizethatsomeoneseeingthemoneybyhephonemayhave____33____takenitbecausenoteveryonewasas____34____asmymother.ButIliketobelievethatmymother’sfaithwas____35____andthatsomeonewhoneededthemfoundthecoinswaitingthere.21.A.tolerated B.anticipated C.maintained D.expressed22.A.patient B.helpful C.honest D.polite23.A.rest B.stay C.lift D.visit24.A.cut B.shifted C.looked D.stuck25.A.rush B.way C.relief D.process26.A.comealong B.keepinline C.makeup D.getintouch27.A.made B.felt C.picked D.gave28.A.found B.returned C.collected D.charged29.A.smart B.ready C.convenient D.broken30.A.different B.ancient C.extra D.rare31.A.luck B.phones C.change D.chances32.A.opportunity B.decision C.appointment D.encounter33.A.simply B.suddenly C.obviously D.gradually34.A.thoughtful B.grateful C.hopeful D.successful35.A.hard-won B.newly-built C.well-placed D.deeply-rooted【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.A26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.C32.B33.A34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的妹妹的受伤以后被送往医院，当妈妈在使用公用电话的时候，选择把零钱留给其他需要帮助的人。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她经历了起起伏伏，但一直保持着积极、阳光的人生观，对别人也很有帮助。A.tolerated忍受；B.anticipated预期；C.maintained维护；D.expressed表达。根据后文“apositive,sunnyoutlookonlife”可知，指保持着积极、阳光的人生观，故选C。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她经历了起起伏伏，但一直保持着积极、阳光的人生观，对别人也很有帮助。A.patient有耐心的；B.helpful帮助的；C.honest诚实的；D.polite礼貌的。根据上文“apositive,sunnyoutlookonlifeandbeenvery”以及后文妈妈把零钱留给有需要的人，可知，此处指积极的人生观对别人有帮助。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的小妹妹摔倒了，伤了脚踝，急需去医院急诊室就诊。A.rest休息；B.stay停留；C.lift免费搭车；D.visit就诊。根据后文“tothehospitalemergencyroom”可知，指妹妹弄伤了脚踝，急需去医院急诊室看看。avisittothehospitalemergencyroom此处理解为“去医院急诊室就诊”。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲立即进入危机模式，把我妹妹塞进车里，开车去了我们当地的医院。A.cut切割；B.shifted转换，变换；C.looked看；D.stuck粘贴。根据后文“intocrisismode”指作者的母亲立即转换（shifted）到了危机模式，故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的匆忙中，我母亲没有打电话告诉我父亲。A.rush冲，匆忙；B.way方法；C.relief安慰；D.process流程。根据上文“Oneday,mylittlesisterfellandhurtherankle,desperatelyneedinga…tothehospitalemergencyroom.”可知，妹妹受伤事发突然，所以是在这样的匆忙中，我母亲没有打电话告诉我父亲。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她到达医院时，她意识到她需要立即与我父亲取得联系。A.comealong取得进展；B.keepinline保持纪律；C.makeup组成；D.getintouch取得联系。根据后文“withmyfatherimmediately”可知，指母亲需要立即与父亲取得联系。getintouchwithsb.“和……取得联系”符合语境。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等我妹妹检查的时候，我妈妈走到公用电话前打了个电话。A.made赶往；B.felt感觉；C.picked捡起；D.gave给予。根据后文“herwaytothepayphonetoplacehercall”可知，指妈妈走到公用电话前打了个电话。短语makeone’swayto表示“赶往”。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她挂断电话后，电话又退回了几枚没有用完的硬币。A.found找到；B.returned返回，退回；C.collected收集；D.charged充电。根据后文“severaladditionalcoinsthatMomwasn’towed”可知，指电话又退回了几枚没有用完的硬币。故选B。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到电话中断了，我妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边。A.smart聪明的；B.ready准备好的；C.convenient方便的；D.broken破碎的，中断的。根据上文“Aftershehungup”可知，指电话中断了，故选D。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到电话中断了，我妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边。A.different不同的；B.ancient古老的；C.extra额外的；D.rare少见的。呼应上文“severaladditionalcoins”可知，此处指多余的硬币。故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我们，在危机中，人们可能不记得随身携带零钱来拨打紧急电话。A.luck运气；B.phones电话；C.change零钱；D.chances机会。根据上文“severaladditionalcoins”可知，此处指随身携带零钱拨打紧急电话。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常从一个成年人的角度来思考她的决定。A.opportunity机会；B.decision决定；C.appointment约会；D.encounter遇见。此处指上文“mymotherdecidedtoleavethe”妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边这个决定，故选B。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，因为不是每个人都像我母亲那样体贴。A.simply仅仅；B.suddenly突然；C.obviously显然；D.gradually逐渐地。根据后文“becausenoteveryonewasas_____asmymother.”可知，不是每个人都像作者的母亲那样体贴，即有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，simply符合语境。故选A。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，因为不是每个人都像我母亲那样体贴。A.thoughtful体贴的；B.grateful感激的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.successful成功的。结合上文可知妈妈把多余的零钱留给有需要的人，说明妈妈很体贴，故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我愿意相信，我母亲的信仰是正确的，需要它们的人在那里发现了硬币。A.hard-won来之不易的；B.newly-built新建的；C.well-placed置于适当地点的；D.deeply-rooted根深蒂固的。根据后文“thatsomeonewhoneededthemfoundthecoinswaitingthere”可知，妈妈的信仰是正确的，即我母亲的信仰是置于适当地点的，她相信有人需要它们时，会发现硬币在那里等着。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineselacquerware(漆器),withitslong-standinghistory,representsa____36____(remark)aspectofChinesetraditionalculture.Itdatesback____37____ancienttimeswhenpeoplediscoveredtheuniquepropertiesoflacquer,athickstickyfluidextracted