山西省晋城市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省晋城市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AToday,culturesworldwidehavetheirownwaysofidentifyingandcelebratingthearrivalofspring.TheNationalCherryBlossomFestivalHereinWashington,D.C.,March20marksthefirstdayoftheNationalCherryBlossomFestival.Thefirstcherryblossomfestivalwasorganizedin1935.Now.eachyear,peoplefromaroundtheworldcometoseethebeautifulpinkandwhiteblossomsonthethousandsoffloweringcherrytrees.ForWashingtonians,thecherryblossomsareawelcomesignthatspringhasarrived.NowruzCountriesalongtheancientSilkRoadtradingpath,includingAfghanistan,Iran,Turkey,Uzbekistan,andotherCentralAsiannations,celebrateNowruz.DuringNowruz,peoplevisitfamilymembersandfriendsandexchangegifts.Iranianfamiliessetupa“haftseen”displayofsevenspecialitemsthatrepresentspringandnewbeginnings.InUzbekistanandotherplacesinCentralAsia,peoplewatchwrestlingevents,horseracesandaspecialhorsebackgamecalled,inUzbek,Kopkari.HolifestivalManyinIndiaandNepalmarkthearrivalofspringwiththeHolifestival,knownalsoasthefestivalofcoloursorthefestivaloflove.Peoplecelebratethefestivalbycoveringeachotherinyouguesseditcolours!Childrenespeciallyenjoythefestival,astheygettothrowcolouredpowderandwater-filledballoonsatothers.LasFallasPeopleinValencia,Spain,havetheirspringcelebrationcalledLasFallas.Itisawildstreetfestivalinvolvingfire.Thefestivalcentresonthecreationandburning—ofhugecolourfulstatuesmadeofwood,paperandplastic.Thestatuesaremeanttolooklikerealpeople.Valenciancommunitiesandorganizationsworkallyeartocreatethesestructuresandplacethemthroughoutthecity,withfireworksinside.1.Whichcountry’sactivitiesaremainlyfocusedonsports?A.America. B.Uzbekistan. C.Nepal. D.Spain.2.Whichcelebrationparticularlyattractskidstoparticipate?A.Cherryblossoms. B.Nowruz. C.Holifestival. D.LasFallas.3.Whatisthetext?A.Atraveladvertisement. B.Apopularsciencearticle.C.Anintroductiontoculture. D.ApaperontheancientSilkRoad.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界各地迎接春天到来的节日和活动。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Nowruz部分第三段“InUzbekistanandotherplacesinCentralAsia,peoplewatchwrestlingevents,horseracesandaspecialhorsebackgamecalled,inUzbek,Kopkari.(在乌兹别克斯坦和中亚其他地方，人们观看摔跤比赛、赛马和一种名为Kopkari的特殊马术比赛)”可知，在乌兹别克斯坦和中亚其他地方，活动主要集中在体育运动上。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Holifestival部分第二段“Childrenespeciallyenjoythefestival,astheygettothrowcolouredpowderandwater-filledballoonsatothers.(孩子们特别喜欢这个节日，因为他们可以向别人扔彩色粉末和装满水的气球)”可知，Holifestival这一节日会特别吸引孩子们参加。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Today,culturesworldwidehavetheirownwaysofidentifyingandcelebratingthearrivalofspring.(今天，世界各地的文化都有自己的方式来识别和庆祝春天的到来)”以及文章内容可知，本文介绍了世界各地迎接春天到来的节日和活动，是文化介绍。故选C。BLawmakersinUgandaareconsideringbarringpeoplefrommakingapopularalcoholicdrinkathome.ThebillbeingconsideredwouldaffectpeopleliketheNdyanabofamily.Atleastonceaweek,GirinoNdyanabo’sfamilygathersaroundaholeinthegroundwherebananashavebeenlefttoripen.Thefamilythenpeelsthebananasandputsthemintoawoodencontainershapedlikeaboat.Thefatherstepsinwithhisbarefeet.Thesweetbananajuicehepressesoutisthenfiltered(过滤).Tothisheaddssorghum(高粱).Thejuiceisthenlefttoferment(发酵)foruptoaday.Thisprocesschangesthejuiceintoanalcoholicdrink.Theresultisthehome-breweddrinkUgandanscalltonto,ortontomera.ItisfamousinUganda.Everyonedrinksit—fromofficialstolabourers.However,therearethreatstothewaytontoiscurrentlyproduced.Morepeoplearenowdrinkinglow-costbottledbeer.Healthofficialswantrulestolimittherisksfromcontaminatedhomebrews(受污染的家庭啤酒).Andofficialswanttogettaxincomefromtheproductionandsaleofthedrink.Butfarmershaveamoreurgentconcern:Notenoughnewbananajuicecultivars(栽培品种)arebeingplantedtoproducethedrink.Instead,morefarmersareplantingadifferentsortofbanana.Thiskindisboiledandeatenasapopulardishcalledmatooke.GirinoNdyanabogetshisbananasfromfarmersnearhimuntilhecanfillthesmallholeonhisfarm.Thenaturalundergroundheatripensthebananaswithindaysashepreparesfortheweeklypressing.Theeventisimportantinthefamily’sdailylifebecausetheyselltonto.Ndyanabosaidhisweeklybrewhasregularbuyers.Butinrecentyears,hehasseenbothdemandandsupplyslow.Thisispartlybecausethesalepriceoftontohasbeenlargelyunchangedformanyyears.However,theprocessofbrewingithasbecomemoredifficult.Tontobrewersmusttravelfartherfortheirbananas.Also,thepriceofsorghumhasgoneup.4.WhatisthemainbusinessoftheNdyanabofamily?A.Producinglow-costbottledbeer. B.Makıngadıshwithbananas.C.Sellingaspecialalcoholicdrink. D.Purchasingvariousfruitsandsorghum.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2referto?A.Thebananapeel. B.Theholeintheground.C.Thewoodencontainer. D.Thefilteredbananajuice.6.WhatcanbeknownfromParagraph3?A.Fewerpeoplearedrinkinghomebrews. B.Thewaytontoisproducedmaycontainrisks.C.Tontohasbroughtaboutmuchtaxincome. D.Officialslimitthesalesoftonto.7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.ThereasonswhytontoisfavouredinUganda.B.PromotionofanewtypeofbananainUganda.C.ThechallengesfacedbyUgandanhomemadedrink.D.Uganda’sleadingroleinproducingbananas.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了乌干达的立法者正在考虑禁止人们在家里制作一种受欢迎的酒精饮料，它的实施会影响很多以此谋生的家庭。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“LawmakersinUgandaareconsideringbarringpeoplefrommakingapopularalcoholicdrinkathome.ThebillbeingconsideredwouldaffectpeopleliketheNdyanabofamily.(乌干达的立法者正在考虑禁止人们在家里制作一种受欢迎的酒精饮料。正在考虑的法案将影响像Ndyanabo家族这样的人)”、第二段“Thisprocesschangesthejuiceintoanalcoholicdrink.(这个过程将果汁变成酒精饮料)”以及第五段“Theeventisimportantinthefamily’sdailylifebecausetheyselltonto.(这个活动在这个家庭的日常生活中很重要，因为他们卖tonto)”可知，乌干达的立法者正在考虑的法案会影响制作酒精饮料的家族，可推知，Ndyanabo家族的主要业务是出售一种特殊的酒精饮料。故选C。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thesweetbananajuicehepressesoutisthenfiltered(过滤).Tothisheaddssorghum(高粱).(然后，他榨出的甜香蕉汁被过滤。他还加了高粱到这里面)”可知，他在过滤过的香蕉汁中加入了高粱，this指代上文中的过滤过的香蕉汁。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“However,therearethreatstothewaytontoiscurrentlyproduced.Morepeoplearenowdrinkinglow-costbottledbeer.Healthofficialswantrulestolimittherisksfromcontaminatedhomebrews(受污染的家庭啤酒).Andofficialswanttogettaxincomefromtheproductionandsaleofthedrink.(然而，目前生产tonto的方式受到了威胁。现在越来越多的人喝低成本的瓶装啤酒。卫生官员希望制定规则来限制受污染的家庭啤酒的风险。官员们希望从饮料的生产和销售中获得税收收入)”可知，卫生官员希望制定规则来限制受污染的家庭啤酒的风险，由此可推知，生产tonto的方式可能包含风险。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“LawmakersinUgandaareconsideringbarringpeoplefrommakingapopularalcoholicdrinkathome.ThebillbeingconsideredwouldaffectpeopleliketheNdyanabofamily.(乌干达的立法者正在考虑禁止人们在家里制作一种受欢迎的酒精饮料。正在考虑的法案将影响像Ndyanabo家族这样的人)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了乌干达的立法者正在考虑禁止人们在家里制作一种受欢迎的酒精饮料，它的实施会影响很多以此谋生的家庭，即乌干达自制饮料面临挑战。故选C。CAmountainousrivervalleyinChina’sHubeiprovinceishometooneoftheAsiancountry’smostimpressivepiecesofinfrastructureahighwaybridgethatrunsthroughthemiddleofariver.Finalizedin2015,China’s“riverhighway”iswidelyregardedasaninfrastructuralwonder.DesignedtolinkthetownofGufuzheninXingshancountytothemainhighwayrunningbetweenShanghaiandChengduinsouthwesternChina,thisuniquesuspendedhighwaydoesn’tmakemuchsenseatfirstglance.WhywasamassivebridgebuiltinthemiddleoftheXiangxiRiver,whenyoucouldjusthaveitrunalongsidetheriveronland?Infact,therewasalreadyaroadrunningalongtheriver,whichmeantitcouldobviouslybedone,sowhynotbuildthehighwaythatway?Well,apparently,Chineseengineersdecidedthatasuspendedhighwayrunningalongthemiddleoftheriverwasnotonlycheapertobuild,butmoreefficient.ItturnsoutthatbuildingahighwaythroughacomplexmountainouslandscapelikeHubei’sXiangxiRiverValleyisharderthanitsounds.Itinvolvesdiggingmilesoftunnelsthroughrock,relocatingpeoplelivingbytheedgeoftheriver,andaffectingthelocalplantsandanimals.Afterdoingthemaths,ateamofengineersshowedthatbuildingahighwaybridgeovertheriverwasbothcheaperandfasterthanbuildingthehighwayonland.Obviously,buildinga4.4-kilometresuspendedroadthatfollowsthecurvesoftheXiangxiRiverwasn’texactlyacheapundertaking,butitwasbetterthanthealternative.The440millionyuan($71million)spentonthisuniqueriverhighwaywasapparentlyseveraltimeslessthanwhatalandhighwayinthisvalleywouldhavecost.Plus,ithasshortenedthetimeittakestodrivefromGufuzhentothemainhighwayfromoveranhourtojust20minutes.Sinceitsinauguration(落成仪式)in2015.China’sriverhighwayhasbecomesomewhatofatouristattraction,withmillionstravellingtoHubeitoexperiencedrivingthroughthemiddleofariverwhiletakinginthebreathtakingsights.8.Whatdifficultiesmightpeoplemeetifthehighwayisbuiltonland?A.Theylackmoneytobuildit.B.Theydon’thaveenoughtime.C.Itmightinfluencethelocalecosystem.D.Therearesomanymountainspeoplecan’tpassthrough.9.Whatadvantagedoesthesuspendedroadhave?A.Itismoreefficientthanalandhighway. B.Ithelpsrelocatepeoplelivingbesidetheriver.C.Itismuchsaferthananyotherroad. D.Itcostspeoplenothingtodriveon.10.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph4?A.Bylistingnumbers. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byaskingaquestion. D.Bymakinganassumption.11.Whydidtheauthorwritethetext?A.ToadvertiseChina’sriverhighwaytoforeigners.B.TointroducetheriverhighwayinHubeiproperly.C.ToshowChineseengineers’outstandingskills.D.Toexpresstheaffectiontotheriverhighway.【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了位于湖北省兴山县古夫镇的“水上公路”因其经济、环保的特色成了当地一道亮丽的风景线。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ItturnsoutthatbuildingahighwaythroughacomplexmountainouslandscapelikeHubei’sXiangxiRiverValleyisharderthanitsounds.Itinvolvesdiggingmilesoftunnelsthroughrock.relocatingpeoplelivingbytheedgeoftheriver,andaffectingthelocalplantsandanimals.(事实证明，在湖北湘西河谷这样复杂的山地景观中修建一条公路比听起来要难。它涉及在岩石中挖掘数英里的隧道，重新安置住在河边的人们，并影响当地的动植物)”可知，在建造陆地公路的过程中可能会遇到的问题包括在岩石中挖掘数英里的隧道，重新安置居住在河边的人们和影响当地的动植物，可能会影响当地的生态系统。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Well,apparently,Chineseengineersdecidedthatasuspendedhighwayrunningalongthemiddleoftheriverwasnotonlycheapertobuild,butmoreefficient.(显然，中国工程师认为，在河中央修建一条悬空的高速公路不仅成本更低，而且效率更高)”可知，悬空道路的优势是成本更低且效率更高。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Obviously,buildinga4.4-kilometresuspendedroadthatfollowsthecurvesoftheXiangxiRiverwasn’texactlyacheapundertaking,butitwasbetterthanthealternative.The440millionyuan($71million)spentonthisuniqueriverhighwaywasapparentlyseveraltimeslessthanwhatalandhighwayinthisvalleywouldhavecost.Plus,ithasshortenedthetimeittakestodrivefromGufuzhentothemainhighwayfromoveranhourtojust20minutes.(显然，沿着湘西河的弯道修建一条4.4公里长的悬索路并不是一项廉价的工程，但它比其他选择要好。这条独特的河流公路花费了4.4亿元人民币（7100万美元），显然比这个山谷的陆地公路的成本低几倍。此外，它还将从古镇到主要高速公路的车程从一个多小时缩短到了20分钟)”可知，本段是通过提供具体数字展开的。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“AmountainousrivervalleyinChina’sHubeiprovinceishometooneoftheAsiancountry’smostimpressivepiecesofinfrastructureahighwaybridgethatrunsthroughthemiddleofariver.(中国湖北省的一个多山的河谷是这个亚洲国家最令人印象深刻的基础设施之一——一座贯穿河流中央的公路桥的所在地)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了位于湖北省兴山县古夫镇的“水上公路”因其经济、环保的特色成了当地一道亮丽的风景线，即作者写作的目的是介绍湖北的水上公路。故选B。DAnonprofitgrouphasidentifiedover1,500booksthatlocalschoolsinAmericahavebannedfromtheirlibrariesandclassroomsin2022—2023.TheAmericanLibraryAssociation(ALA)saysthereweremoreattemptstobanbooksfromschoolslastyearthaneverbefore.GayIvey,professorofliteracyandherresearchpartnerPeterJohnstonhavestudiedstudents’motivationstoread.Theyalsohavestudiedhowstudentsreacttoreadingyoungadultliterature.Iveysaidreadingbooksconsidered“disturbing”bystudentswasbeneficialfortheirlearningandemotionaldevelopment.Andparentsalsonoticedagrowthintheirchildrenaftertheyreadthedisturbingbooks.InoneofIveyandJohnston’sstudies,theyspentayearinamiddleschool.TheyaskedeighthgradestudentsinanEnglishclasstochooseanybooktheywantedtoread.Theteenswerenotunderanypressurefromteacherstofinishthebookortoproduceanyschoolworkaboutthebook.Manyofthestudentschosetoreadbooksthatdealwithdifficultsubjectslikedepression.Someofthebooksstudentschosewereonesthatschoolsaroundthecountryhavebanned.Studentsaredrawntobooksthatdealwithtroublingsubjects.Insteadofbeingharmedbysuchsubjects,readingaboutfictionalcharactersmadethemmoreempathetic(感同身受的).Iveysaidtheyalsoweremorethoughtfulaboutthecharacters’motivationsandactions.Theresearchersfoundthatreadingmadethestudentshappier,andhelpedsomehealfromsadnessordepression.Thedifficultnatureofthebooksmadethestudentsmorelikelytodiscussthesubjectswithteachers,parentsandfriends.Iveysaidreadingtextswithdifficultandtroublingsubjectmattermakesstudentsmoreinvolvedreadersandlearners.Studentsareabletorelatetocharactersfacingdifficultdecisionsandthinkabouthowtheywouldreacttoasituationdescribedinthebook.Readingdisturbingbooksalsomadestudentsmorelikelytolearnasagroup,theresearcherssaid.Withthetroublingtexts,sometimesitis“reallynecessarytograbeverybodyaroundyouandputallheadsarounditandteacheachother,”Iveysaid.“Moreanddifferentkindsoflearninghappensinthosesituations.”12.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Tocallforconfirmingbannedbooks. B.Toencouragepeopletoread.C.Tomakereadersinterested. D.Toleadinthetopicofthetext.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutGrayIvey?A.Sheisengagedinyouthliteraturecreation.B.Sheresearchesstudents’reactiontoreadingyoungadultbooks.C.Shethinksthatrestrictingteenagereadingismeaningless.D.Shesuggeststhatstudentslackmotivationtoreaddisturbingbooks.14.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph6?A.Readingisprofitableforadjustingmentalhealth.B.Rendıngdisturbingbookshaspositiveeffects.C.Toimprovethereadingabilityofadolescentstudentsisimportant.D.Readingcanenhancecommunicationandinteractionwithstudents.15.Whatcanwedrawfromthetext?A.Readingisusuallybeneficial.B.Themoreyouread,themoreinthestomachempty.C.Readingwithouttheuseofthebookisequaltowastingpaper.D.Readingagoodbookisaconversationwithalotofgoodpeople.【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一个非营利组织已经确定了美国当地学校在2022-2023学年禁止在图书馆和教室里阅读的1500多本书，但研究发现阅读这类书籍有其积极的方面。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Anonprofitgrouphasidentifiedover1,500booksthatlocalschoolsinAmericahavebannedfromtheirlibrariesandclassroomsin2022-2023.TheAmericanLibraryAssociation(ALA)saysthereweremoreattemptstobanbooksfromschoolslastyearthaneverbefore.(一个非营利组织已经确定了美国当地学校在2022-2023学年禁止在图书馆和教室里阅读的1500多本书。美国图书馆协会（ALA）表示，去年禁止学校书籍的尝试比以往任何时候都多)”以及第三段“Iveysaidreadingbooksconsidered“disturbing”bystudentswasbeneficialfortheirlearningandemotionaldevelopment.Andparentsalsonoticedagrowthintheirchildrenaftertheyreadthedisturbingbooks.(Ivey说，阅读学生认为“令人不安”的书籍对他们的学习和情感发展有益。家长们也注意到，在孩子们读了这些令人不安的书后，他们的孩子也有了成长)”可知，本段以具体数字展示美国当地学校禁止的书籍数量，用以引入文章主题，介绍被禁止的书籍也有积极作用。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyalsohavestudiedhowstudentsreacttoreadingyoungadultliterature.(他们还研究了学生对阅读青年文学的反应)”可知，GrayIvey研究学生对阅读青年文学书籍的反应。故选B。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第六段“Studentsaredrawntobooksthatdealwithtroublingsubjects.Insteadofbeingharmedbysuchsubjects,readingaboutfictionalcharactersmadethemmoreempathetic(感同身受的).Iveysaidtheyalsoweremorethoughtfulaboutthecharacters’motivationsandactions.Theresearchersfoundthatreadingmadethestudentshappier,andhelpedsomehealfromsadnessordepression.Thedifficultnatureofthebooksmadethestudentsmorelikelytodiscussthesubjectswithteachers,parentsandfriends.Iveysaidreadingtextswithdifficultandtroublingsubjectmattermakesstudentsmoreinvolvedreadersandlearners.Studentsareabletorelatetocharactersfacingdifficultdecisionsandthinkabouthowtheywouldreacttoasituationdescribedinthebook.(学生们被那些涉及棘手问题的书所吸引。阅读虚构人物的故事使他们更感同身受的，而不是受到这些主题的伤害。艾维说，他们对角色的动机和行为也更加深思熟虑。研究人员发现，阅读让学生们更快乐，并帮助一些学生从悲伤或抑郁中康复。这些书的难度使学生更有可能与老师、家长和朋友讨论这些科目。Ivey说，阅读具有困难和令人不安主题的文本会让学生更积极地参与阅读和学习。学生能够与面临艰难决定的角色建立联系，并思考他们将如何应对书中描述的情况)”可知，阅读这类书籍可以让学生们更能感同身受、进行深刻思考、帮助一些学生从悲伤或抑郁中康复，阅读具有困难和令人不安主题的文本会让学生更积极地参与阅读和学习，本段主要介绍了这类书籍会产生积极的影响。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Iveysaidreadingbooksconsidered“disturbing”bystudentswasbeneficialfortheirlearningandemotionaldevelopment.Andparentsalsonoticedagrowthintheirchildrenaftertheyreadthedisturbingbooks.(Ivey说，阅读学生认为“令人不安”的书籍对他们的学习和情感发展有益。家长们也注意到，在孩子们读了这些令人不安的书后，他们的孩子也有了成长)”以及最后一段“Readingdisturbingbooksalsomadestudentsmorelikelytolearnasagroup,theresearcherssaid.(研究人员表示，阅读令人不安的书籍也使学生更有可能作为一个群体学习)”可知，即使阅读令人不安的书籍，也会有积极的影响，由此可推知，阅读通常是有益处的。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。150minutesofexerciseaweek:that’showmuchweshouldallbedoing.___16___Maybe.Buttheyarenotwithouttheirownhealthrisks.Recentstudieshavesuggestedthatsomegym-goers’hygiene(卫生)standardsleavemuchtobedesired.___17___Sweatandtheincreasedtemperaturecausedbyexercisecanhelpdangerousbacteriagrowontheskin,whichcanbetransferredtoourclothing.Toxic(有毒的)gymculturemaybeleadingpeopletofeeljudged.___18___Thisfeelingofbeingjudged,andanoverlycompetitiveatmosphere,couldcreatepressuretoover-exercise.TheClevelandClinicdistinguishesbetweenoverreachingandover-training.Thefirstistheresultofasingleinstanceofover-exertion,whichleadstolittlemorethanmusclesoreness(酸痛).___19___Over-traininghasbeenlinkedtoinjuries,reducedappetiteandproblemswithsleeporweightgain.___20___Feelingguiltatmissedgymsessionsortryingtouseexerciseasawaytocontrolourbodiescouldbesignsthatexercisedependencyisaproblem.Thiscanbelinkedwithhavinganegativebodyimage.Ofcourse,weshouldn’tforgetthatexercisecanreallyhelpourphysicalandmentalhealth,aslongaswecanmaintainahealthyrelationshipwithit.A.Howdowedoitwithoutgettingbored?B.Manypeoplefearthegymbecausetheyfeellost.C.Doesthismeanthatgymsarethebestwaystoguaranteeourhealth?D.Thelatterismorelong-termandcanhavemoreseriousconsequences.E.Ina2019USstudy,overhalfthosesurveyedfeltanxiouswhengoingtothegym.F.Becomingastrongpressure,exercisecanalsobedangerousforourmentalhealth.G.Bacteriathatcancauseseriousillnesswasfoundonthesurfaceofgymequipment.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.D20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了去健身房锻炼时需要关注的健康隐患。【16题详析】上文“150minutesofexerciseaweek:that’showmuchweshouldallbedoing.(每周锻炼150分钟：这是我们都应该做的量)”说明我们应该每周锻炼，C项“这是否意味着健身房是保证我们健康的最佳方式？”承接上文，并提出问题，引出下文答案“Maybe.Buttheyarenotwithouttheirownhealthrisks.(也许吧。但它们并非没有自己的健康风险)”，说明去健身房也可能有健康风险，C项承上启下，符合题意。故选C。【17题详析】上文“Recentstudieshavesuggestedthatsomegym-goers’hygiene(卫生)standardsleavemuchtobedesired.(最近的研究表明，一些去健身房的人的卫生标准还有待提高)”以及下文“Sweatandtheincreasedtemperaturecausedbyexercisecanhelpdangerousbacteriagrowontheskin,whichcanbetransferredtoourclothing.(运动引起的出汗和体温升高会帮助危险的细菌在皮肤上生长，这些细菌会转移到我们的衣服上)”说明健身者的卫生标准需要改进，并介绍了相关的风险，G项“在健身器材的表面发现了可导致严重疾病的细菌。”提到可以导致严重疾病的细菌，符合语境，与卫生风险相关。故选G。【18题详析】上文“Toxic(有毒的)gymculturemaybeleadingpeopletofeeljudged.(有毒的健身房文化可能会让人们感到被评判)”以及下文“Thisfeelingofbeingjudged,andanoverlycompetitiveatmosphere,couldcreatepressuretoover-exercise.(这种被评判的感觉和过度竞争的氛围可能会给过度锻炼带来压力)”说明一些健身房文化会让人们感到被评判，这种氛围可能给过度锻炼带来压力，E项“在2019年美国的一项研究中，超过一半的受访者在去健身房时感到焦虑。”承接上文，说明去健身房的人有时会感到焦虑，并引出下文，符合题意。故选E。【19题详析】上文“TheClevelandClinicdistinguishesbetweenoverreachingandover-training.Thefirstistheresultofasingleinstanceofover-exertion,whichleadstolittlemorethanmusclesoreness(酸痛).(克利夫兰诊所区分了短时期内训练过度和过度训练。第一种是过度劳累的结果，这只会导致肌肉酸痛)”说明两种情况，第一种短时期内训练过度是过度劳累的结果，只会导致肌肉酸痛，空处应对第二种加以说明，D项“后者更为长期，可能产生更为严重的后果。”承接上文，说明过度训练的长期且更严重的后果，符合题意。故选D。【20题详析】下文“Feelingguiltatmissedgymsessionsortryingtouseexerciseasawaytocontrolourbodiescouldbesignsthatexercisedependencyisaproblem.Thiscanbelinkedwithhavinganegativebodyimage.(在错过健身房锻炼时感到内疚，或者试图用锻炼来控制我们的身体，这可能是运动依赖性是一个问题的迹象。这可能与负面的身体形象有关)”说明当去锻炼成为一种压力，可能对心理产生不良影响，F项“运动成为一种强大的压力，也会对我们的心理健康造成危险。”引出下文内容，符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ReturningfromafamilyvacationontheBigIsland,AmiJuelandherhusbandwerewatchingthedamageoftheLahainafiresontelevision.Justatthattimetheirson,Edison,askedthemto___21___theTVbecauseitwastoosad.Theydidn’trealizetheir5-year-oldcouldbecomeso___22___connectedtosomethinghappeningsofaraway,sotheydecidedtotakethetimetomakealife___23___outofitandexplainwhathad___24___tothefamousMauiTown.Edisonimmediatelywantedtohelpandsuggested___25___alemonadestand.Amithoughtitwasagreat___26___andthenpreparedpinkandyellowlemonade,icecreamsandwichesandcandy.Thehard___27___cameonabusySeattlestreet,wherethe___28___greatlysurprisedthefamily.Eventhoughthelemonadesoldfor$1percup,driversregularlypaid$5,$10or$20with___29___todonatethechange.Mostofthemclaimedtheyfelt____30____inthepastbecausetheydidn’tknowwheretodonate.Amisaid,“Alotofpeoplestoppedandtoldussomestoriesor____31____theyhadtothefamoustown.”Edison____32____theideaabitfurtherandsetupwaystodonateonline.Afteraweek,theyraised$17,000anddonatedittothosein____33____.Sothereisnobarriertoentryfordisaster____34____andallittakesisa____35____heart,ahotsummerdayandsomeice-coldlemonade.21.A.turnon B.switchoff C.pickup D.turnup22.A.emotionally B.carefully C.partly D.obviously23.A.rescue B.property C.lesson D.record24.A.broadcast B.transported C.happened D.recommended25.A.searching B.establishing C.purchasing D.donating26.A.investment B.principle C.achievement D.attempt27.A.success B.discussion C.preparation D.opening28.A.arrangement B.response C.doubt D.concern29.A.instructions B.warnings C.responsibilities D.orders30.A.excited B.proud C.helpless D.moved31.A.imagination B.design C.energy D.connection32.A.developed B.simplified C.created D.advertised33.A.repair B.shock C.need D.operation34.A.prevention B.relief C.area D.prediction35.A.willing B.strong C.normal D.faithful【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.B26.D27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一家人在看到拉海纳火灾后，通过孩子经营的柠檬水摊位筹集善款，帮助受灾群众的故事，展现了善意和公益。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，他们的儿子爱迪生让他们关掉电视，因为太难过了。A.turnon打开；B.switchoff关掉；C.pickup捡起；D.turnup调高音量。根据下文“becauseitwastoosad”可知，儿子觉得电视播放的内容让人难过，所以会让父母关掉电视。故选B。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们没有意识到他们5岁的孩子会对如此遥远的事情产生如此强烈的情感联系，所以他们决定花时间从中吸取人生教训，解释著名的毛伊岛小镇发生了什么。A.emotionally情感上；B.carefully仔细地；C.partly部分地；D.obviously明显地。根据上文“Justatthattimetheirson,Edison,askedthemto______theTVbecauseitwastoosad.”可知，此处表达的是5岁的小孩和遥远的事情在情感上产生联系。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.rescue拯救；B.property财产；C.lesson教训；D.record记录。根据下文“andexplainwhathad______tothefamousMauiTown”以及后文让孩子为受灾的人们提供帮助可推知，此时父母试图利用这个机会给孩子分享一个人生教训。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.broadcast广播；B.transported运输；C.happened发生；D.recommended推荐。根据上文“AmiJuelandherhusbandwerewatchingthedamageoftheLahainafiresontelevision.”以及语境可知，此处表示父母向孩子解释毛伊岛发生了什么。故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱迪生立刻想帮忙，并建议设立一个柠檬水摊。A.searching搜索；B.establishing建立；C.purchasing购买；D.donating捐赠。根据下文“andthenpreparedpinkandyellowlemonade,icecreamsandwichesandcandy”可知，此处表示儿子建议设立柠檬水摊。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ami认为这是一个很好的尝试，然后准备了粉红色和黄色的柠檬水、冰淇淋三明治和糖果。A.investment投资；B.principle原则；C.achievement成就；D.attempt尝试。根据上文“Edisonimmediatelywantedtohelpandsuggested______alemonadestand.”以及下文“andthenpreparedpinkandyellowlemonade,icecreamsandwichesandcandy.”可知，Ami认为这是一个好的尝试，所以会为其准备各种物品。故选D。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：艰难的开业发生在西雅图一条繁忙的街道上，那里的反应让这家人大吃一惊。A.success成功；B.discussion讨论；C.preparation准备；D.opening开业。根据下文“Eventhoughthelemonadesoldfor$1percup,driversregularlypaid$5,$10or$20with____todonatethechange.”以及语境可知，儿子的尝试得以实现，柠檬水摊开业后，人们来购买东西，并多付钱。故选D。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.arrangement安排；B.response反应，响应；C.doubt怀疑；D.concern关注。根据下文“Eventhoughthelemonadesoldfor$1percup,driversregularlypaid$5,$10or$20with______todonatethechange.Mostofthemclaimedtheyfelt______inthepastbecausetheydidn’tknowwheretodonate.”可知，此处表示人们的积极的反应。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管柠檬水每杯售价1美元，但司机们经常支付5美元、10美元或者20美元，并附有捐赠零钱的说明。A.instructions说明；B.warnings警告；C.responsibilities责任；D.orders命令。根据下文“Mostofthemclaimedtheyfelt______inthepastbecausetheydidn’tknowwheretodonate.”可知，人们多付的钱是用来捐赠的，推测此处表示的是人们多付钱时附的捐赠零钱的说明。故选A。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们中的大多数人声称，过去他们感到无助，因为他们不知道在哪里捐款。A.excited兴奋的；B.proud自豪的；C.helpless无助的；D.moved感动的。根据下文“becausetheydidn’tknowwheretodonate”可知，以前人们不知道在哪里捐款，所以感到无助。故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ami说：“很多人停下来告诉我们他们与这个著名小镇的一些故事或联系。”A.imagination想象；B.design设计；C.energy能量；D.connection联系。根据上文“Alotofpeoplestoppedandtoldussomestories”以及语境可知，大家停下来分享他们与这个小镇发生的故事或联系。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱迪生进一步发展了这个想法，并建立了在线捐赠的方式。A.developed发展；B.simplified简化；C.created创造；D.advertised广告宣传。根据下文“setupwaystodonateonline”可知，爱迪生将捐赠的想法进一步发展，还建立了在线捐赠的方式。故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周后，他们筹集了17000美元，并将其捐赠给了有需要的人。A.repair修理；B.shock震惊；C.need需要；D.operation操作。根据下文“Sothereisnobarriertoentryfordisaster”以及语境可知，他们筹集到的钱被捐赠给了受灾的人，即捐给那些需要帮助的人。故选C。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，救灾没有障碍，只需要一颗愿意的心、一个炎热的夏天和一些冰冷的柠檬水。A.prevention预防；B.relief救助；C.area面积；D.prediction预测。根据上文“Afteraweek,theyraised$17,000anddonatedittothosein______.”可知，此处表示对灾害救助的行动。故选B。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.willing愿意的；B.strong坚强的；C.normal正常的；D.faithful忠诚的。根据上文“Edisonimmediatelywantedtohelpand