大学基础英语教程 7

Unit2KeepReading

LanguagePointsWordsandPhrasesTograspthewordsandphrasesrelevanttoreadinganddifferentreadingmedia.WordBuildingTograspthewordformationwiththesuffix“-tion”.GrammarTograspthebasicknowledgeofdeterminers.SkillsReadingSkillToimprovereadingefficiencybyscanning.WritingSkillTounderstandthedenotationsandconnotationsofwords.LiteracyTorealizethebenefitsofreadingsuchashelpingpersonalgrowth,improvingthinkingpatterns,cultivatingemotionalresonance,andpromotingculturalinheritance.Tomakegooduseofdifferentreadingmedia.TounderstandtheChineseculturalconceptof“ReadingEnrichestheMind（开卷有益）”.PartOneWarm-up(1)Peopleenjoyreadingborrowedbooksmorethantheirownbooks.(2)Aborrowedbookshouldbetreatedwithgreatcareandformality.(3)Itisacceptabletomarkorfoldthepagesofaborrowedbook.(4)Oneshouldownbooksthattheyareafraidtomarkup.(5)Markingfavoritepassagesinbookshelpsrememberimportantsayings.(6)Collectingaprivatelibrarywhenyounghasbadeffectsondevelopingthesenseofprivateproperty.(7)Booksmakebetterwalldecorationsthanwallpaper.(8)Livingfriendsarebetterthanbook-friendsinallaspects.1.Listentothepassageanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).(

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Thehabitofreadingisoneofthegreatestresourcesofmankind;andweenjoyreadingbooksthatbelongtousmuchmorethaniftheyareborrowed.Aborrowedbookislikeaguestinthehouse;itmustbetreatedwithgreatcare,withacertainkindofpoliteformality.Youmustmakesurethatitdoesn’tgetdamaged;itmustnotbeharmedwhileit’sinyourhome.Youcan’tleaveitcarelessly,youcan’tmarkit,youcan’tfolddownthepages,youcan’tuseitinacasualway.Andthen,someday,althoughthisisrarelydone,youreallyshouldreturnit.

Butyourownbooksbelongtoyou;youtreatthemwiththatlovingclosenessthatgetsridofformality.Booksareforuse,notforshow;youshouldownnobookthatyou’reafraidtomarkup,orafraidtoputonthetable,wideopenandfacedown.Agoodreasonformarkingfavoritepassagesinbooksisthatthispracticemakesiteasierforyoutoremembertheimportantsayings,tofindthemquickly,andtheninlateryears,it’slikevisitingaforestwhereyouoncemadeapath.Youhavethepleasureofgoingovertheoldplace,andrememberingboththementalscenesandyourownearlierself.PartOneWarm-up

Everyoneshouldstartcollectingaprivatelibrarywhenthey’reyoung;thesenseofprivateproperty,whichisbasicinhumanbeings,canbedevelopedherewithallthebenefitsandnobadeffects.Oneshouldhaveone’sownbookshelvesfreeandaccessibletothehandaswellastotheeye.Thebestwalldecorationsarebooks;they’remoredifferentincolorandappearancethananywallpaper,they’remoreappealingindesign,andtheyhavethemainadvantageofbeinglikeseparateindividuals,sothatifyousitaloneintheroombythefirelight,you’resurroundedbyclosefriends.Theknowledgethatthey’rethereinclearviewisbothexcitingandrefreshing.

Thereareofcoursenofriendslikeliving,breathing,realmenandwomen;myloveforreadinghasnevermademeapersonwholivesalone.Howcouldit?Booksareofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople.Literatureistheunendingpartofhistory;it’sthebestandmostlastingpartofpersonality.Butbook-friendshavethisadvantageoverlivingfriends;youcanenjoythemosttrulynoblesocietyintheworldwheneveryouwant.Thegreatdeadareoutofourphysicalreach,andthegreatlivingareusuallyalmostashardtoreach;asforourpersonalfriendsandpeopleweknow,wecan’talwaysseethem.Maybethey’reasleep,orawayonatrip.Butinaprivatelibrary,youcanatanymomenttalkwithSocratesorShakespeareorCarlyleorDumasorDickensorShaworBarrieorGalsworthy.Andthere’snodoubtthatinthesebooksyouseethesemenattheirbest.Theywroteforyou.They“triedtheirbest,”theydidtheirverybesttoamuseyou,tomakeagoodimpression.You’reasnecessarytothemasanaudienceistoanactor;onlyinsteadofseeingthemwithmaskson,youlookintotheirverydeepestfeelings.PartOneWarm-up(1)Howshouldwetreataborrowedbook?(2)Whatistheadvantageofmarkingfavoritepassagesinbooks?2.Answerthefollowingquestions.Weshouldtreatitwithgreatcareandacertainkindofpoliteformality,makingsureitdoesn’tgetdamaged,notleavingitcarelessly,notmarkingit,notfoldingdownthepages,andeventuallyreturningit.Itmakesiteasiertorememberimportantsayings,findthemquickly,andinlateryears,it’slikevisitingafamiliarforestwithapath,bringingpleasureinrecallingmentalscenesandone’searlierself.PartOneWarm-up(3)Whendoesthepassagesuggestpeoplestartcollectingaprivatelibrary?

(4)Whydoesthepassagesaybooksarethebestwalldecorations?2.Answerthefollowingquestions.Whentheyareyoung.Becausetheyaremoredifferentincolorandappearancethananywallpaper,moreappealingindesign,andlikeseparateindividuals,makingonefeelsurroundedbyclosefriends.PartOneWarm-up(5)Whatadvantagedobook-friendshaveoverlivingfriends?2.Answerthefollowingquestions.Wecanenjoythemosttrulynoblesocietyintheworldwheneverwewant,aswecantalkwithgreatpeoplelikeSocratesorShakespeareatanymomentinaprivatelibrary.PartOneWarm-up3.Matchthewordswiththeirexplanations.(1)Thehabitofreadingisoneofthegreatestresourcesofmankind.

A.problems

B.treasures

C.diseases(2)Aborrowedbookmustbetreatedwithacertainkindofpoliteformality.

A.informality

B.rudeness

C.politeness(3)Youcan’tmarkit“aborrowedbook”.

A.drawon

B.ignore

C.protect(4)Booksareforuse,notforshow.

A.hiding

B.display

C.destructionPartOneWarm-up3.Matchthewordswiththeirexplanations.(5)Markingfavoritepassagesinbooks...

A.pages

B.parts

C.covers(6)...it’slikevisitingaforestwhereyouoncemadeapath.

A.road

B.tree

C.river(7)...bookshelvesfreeandaccessibletothehand...

A.unreachable

B.available

C.broken(8)...themosttrulynoblesocietyintheworld...

A.ordinary

B.great

C.rudePartTwoIntensiveReadingTextAHowBooksTransformOurLives❶Inaworldfilledwithconstantdistractionsanddigitalnoise,readingabookoffersaquietescape—achancetoslowdown,disconnectfromdailychaos,andimmerseourselvesintherichworldofliterature.Butreadingdoesmorethanjustpassthetimeorgetlostinpagesofabook;ithasthepowertotransformourlivesinmeaningfulways.❷Firstandforemost,readingbroadensourperspectivesanddeepensourunderstandingoftheworld.Throughbooks,wecanexploredistantplaces,learnaboutdifferentcultures,andgaininsightintothelivesandexperiencesofothers.Whetherit’sabiography,historicalfiction,oranonfictionwork,readingallowsustoseetheworldfromnewangles.Thisfostersempathy,compassion,andastrongersenseofconnectionwithothers,helpingusbuildmoremeaningfulrelationships.书籍如何改变我们的生活在这个充满无休止的干扰和数字噪声的世界里，读书提供了一片远离尘嚣的静谧之地——一个令我们放慢脚步、摆脱日常纷扰、沉浸在丰富文学世界中的机会。但阅读不仅仅是供我们消磨时间或沉浸在书页之中，它有能力以有意义的方式改变我们的生活。首先，阅读拓宽了我们的视野，加深了我们对世界的理解。通过书籍，我们可以探索遥远的地方，了解不同的文化，并洞悉他人的生活和经历。无论是传记、历史小说还是非虚构类作品，阅读都能让我们从新的角度看待世界。这滋养了同理心与悲悯情怀，并强化了我们与他人的情感联结，有助于我们建立更有意义的人际关系。PartTwoIntensiveReadingPartTwoIntensiveReading❸

Readingalsosparkscreativityandimagination.Whenweread,wecollaboratewithauthorstocreatevividworlds,characters,andstoriesinourminds.Whetherit’sthemagicalrealmsoffantasy,thepossibilitiesofsciencefiction,orthewondersoftheuniverse,readingencouragesustothinkcreativelyanddreambig.Itpushesustoexplorenewideasandenvisionabetter,morebeautifulworld.❹

Beyondintellectualandcreativebenefits,readinghasaprofoundimpactonouremotionalandmentalwell-being.Formany,booksprovidecomfortandrefugeduringtoughtimes,offeringsolaceandinspiration.Whetherit’sfindingmotivationinthewordsofamentororrevisitingabelovedchildhoodfavorite,readinghasthepowertoliftourspirits,calmourmindsandhelpusnavigatechallengesinlifewithgreaterconfidenceanddetermination.阅读还能激发创造力和想象力。当我们阅读时，我们仿佛是在与作者合作，在脑海中创造出生动的世界、人物和故事。无论是奇幻的魔法王国、科幻小说中的种种可能，还是宇宙的奥秘，阅读都鼓励我们创造性地思考，大胆梦想。它推动我们探索新思想，构想一个更美好、更美丽的世界。除了智力和创造力方面的益处，阅读对我们的情感和心理健康也有着深远的影响。对许多人来说，书籍在困难时期提供了一个舒适的避风港，带来慰藉和灵感。无论是从导师的话语中汲取力量，还是重温一本心爱的童年读物，阅读都有能力振奋我们的精神，平静我们的心灵，并帮助我们以更大的信心和决心应对生活中的挑战。PartTwoIntensiveReadingPartTwoIntensiveReading➎Scientificstudiesalsohighlightthementalhealthbenefitsofreading.Regularreadingcanreduce

stress,improvecognitivefunction,andevenhelppreventcognitivedeclineasweage.Bykeepingourmindsactiveandengaged,readingpromoteslifelonglearningandintellectualgrowth.It’sasimpleyetpowerfulwaytomaintainmentalsharpnessandemotionalbalance.➏

Inconclusion,readingisatransformativeactivitythatenrichesourlivesincountlessways.Itexpandsourhorizons,sparkscreativity,andprovidesemotionalcomfort.Inaworlddominatedbyscreensanddistractions,pickingupabookcanbearevolutionaryact—onethatoffersknowledge,inspiration,andpeace.So,thenexttimeyoureachforyourphone,considerchoosingabookinstead.Youmightbesurprisedbythejourneyittakesyouonandthewaysitcanchangeyourlife.（409words）科学研究也强调了阅读对心理健康的益处。经常阅读可以减轻压力，改善认知功能，甚至有助于防止我们随着年龄增长而出现认知能力下降。通过思维的活跃和投入，阅读促进了终身学习和智力成长。这种简单却有效的方式有助于保持思维敏锐和情绪平衡。总而言之，阅读是一项具有变革力量的活动，它以无数方式丰富着我们的生活。它拓宽我们的视野，激发创造力，并提供情感上的慰藉。在一个被屏幕和干扰所主导的世界里，拿起一本书堪称一种革命性的行为——它能带来知识、启迪与平静。所以，下次当你伸手去拿手机时，不妨考虑换本书来读。它引领你踏上的旅程以及它改变你生活的方式都可能令你感到惊讶。PartTwoIntensiveReadingPartTwoIntensiveReadingVocabularytransform/trænsˈfɔ:m/v.将……改变；转换distraction/dɪˈstrækʃn/n.分散注意力的事物digital/ˈdɪdʒɪtl/adj.数字的，数字显示的；手指的；脚趾的immerse/ɪˈmɜːs/v.将……浸入；使自己沉浸于……insight/ˈɪnsaɪt/n.洞察力；深刻的了解；领悟；猛省foster/ˈfɒstə(r)/v.培养，培育；鼓励；促进；照顾，抚养；领养；收养empathy/ˈempəθi/n.同感，共鸣；移情，神入compassion/kəmˈpæʃn/n.同情；怜悯collaborate/kəˈlæbəreɪt/v.合作；协作；共同研究；勾结realm/relm/n.领域；范围；王国WordstoKnowPartTwoIntensiveReadingVocabularyenvision/ɪnˈvɪʒn/v.展望；想象；预见；筹划intellectual/ˌɪntəˈlektʃʊəl/adj.智力的；理智的；思维的；要用脑筋的mental/ˈmentl/adj.精神的；心理的；凭脑子做的；精神病的solace/ˈsɔlɪs/n.安慰；慰藉；给予安慰的事物inspiration/ɪnˈspəreɪʃn/n.灵感；启示；妙想；好主意；鼓舞；给予激励的事物motivation/ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃn/n.刺激；诱导；动机；激发beloved/bɪˈlʌvɪd/adj.深爱的；钟爱的；心爱的cognitive/ˈkɒgnɪtɪv/adj.认知的；有关认知的dominate/ˈdɒmɪneɪt/v.支配；控制；操纵；影响；占重要地位；俯瞰revolutionary/ˌrevəˈlʊʃənəri/adj.革命的；彻底改变的；重大变革的WordstoKnowPartTwoIntensiveReadingVocabularyimmerseoneselfin专心从事于……；埋头做……passthetime打发时间；消磨时光firstandforemost首先；首要的是learnabout了解；获悉collaboratewith与……合作dreambig怀有远大的梦想inconclusion总之；最后reachfor伸手去拿PhrasestoKnowPartTwoIntensiveReadingNotes1.Thisfostersempathy,compassion,andastrongersenseofconnectionwithothers,helpingusbuildmoremeaningfulrelationships.(Para.2)译文这滋养了同理心与悲悯情怀，并强化了我们与他人的情感联结，有助于我们建立更有意义的人际关系。讲解主语this指代前文提到的行为，即readingallowsustoseetheworldfromnewangles（阅读使我们从新的角度看待世界），谓语动词foster后有三个并列的宾语，empathy，compassion，以及astrongsenseofconnectionwithothers。三个宾语在语意上从同理心到悲悯情怀再到情感联结，是阅读培养出的情感的不断递进。现在分词短语helpingusbuild...作结果状语，强调“培养……”这一动作自然产生的结果。PartTwoIntensiveReadingNotes2.…readingencouragesustothinkcreativelyanddreambig.(Para.3)译文……阅读鼓励我们创造性地思考，大胆梦想。讲解动名词reading充当主语，强调阅读这一行为本身或习惯。encouragesbtodo是典型的“动词+宾语+不定式补语”结构，两个不定式短语使用了相同的“动词+副词”结构，增强句子的表达力。这里需要注意的是big是副词用法，意为“宏大地；予人深刻印象地；盛大地”。PartTwoIntensiveReadingNotes3.So,thenexttimeyoureachforyourphone,considerchoosingabookinstead.(Para.6)译文所以，下次你伸手去拿手机的时候，不妨考虑换本书来读。讲解thenexttime相当于连词，引导时间状语从句，指某个特定情况，不一定与现在有关联，该时间状语从句的意思与whenyoureachforyourphonenexttime的意思相当。祈使句considerchoosingabookinstead是主句，其中的considerdoingsth是固定的语法搭配，意为“考虑做某事”；instead明确表达替代关系，强化了行为转换的对比。PartTwoIntensiveReadingLanguagePointWordBuildingPartTwoIntensiveReadingLanguagePointWordBuildingExercisesFillintheblankswiththewordsgiveninbrackets.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)Theresearchteamspentmonthsgatheringinformationbeforecomingtoafinal________________(conclude)onthematter.(2)Astrong________________(connect)betweenfriendsisbuiltthroughsharedexperiencesandhonestcommunicationovertime.(3)Despitemanyfailures,hisstrong________________(determine)neverwavered,andhefinallyachievedhisgoal.(4)Whenhewasdoinghishomework,theloudmusicfromthenextroomservedasaconstant_______________(distract).(5)Agoodstorycansparkchildren’s________________(imagine),lettingthempictureworldsfullofmagicandwonderfuladventures.(6)Knowingthathardworkwouldleadtobettergrades,shefoundstrong________________(motivate)tostudyeveryevening.conclusionconnectiondeterminationdistractionimaginationmotivationPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextATextSummaryChoosethebestwordforeachblankfromthelistgiveninthebox.A.challengeB.confirmC.creatingD.deepensE.distractionsF.entertainmentG.magicalH.possiblyI.preventJ.providingK.significantlyL.solaceM.strongerN.ultimatelyO.various

Inourdigitalworldfullof(1)_______________,readingoffersavitalescape.Beyondmere(2)_______________,readingprofoundlytransformslives.Primarily,itbroadensperspectivesand(3)_______________understanding,enablingexplorationofdiverseplaces,cultures,andexperiencesthrough(4)_______________genres.Thisfostersempathyand(5)_______________humanconnections.Secondly,readingsparkscreativityandimagination,asreaderscollaboratewithauthorstobuildvividworlds,encouraginginnovativethinkingandbigdreams.distractionsentertainmentdeepensvariousstrongerPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextATextSummaryChoosethebestwordforeachblankfromthelistgiveninthebox.Crucially,reading(6)_______________benefitsemotionalandmentalwell-being,(7)_______________comfort,solace,andinspirationduringdifficulttimes,liftingspiritsandbuildingresilience.Scientificstudies(8)_______________thesebenefits,showingreadingreducesstress,improvescognitivefunction,andhelps(9)_______________age-relateddeclinebykeepingthemindactive.Ultimately,readingisapowerful,transformativeactivitythatexpandshorizons,ignitescreativity,andoffersemotionalrefuge.Choosingabookoverdigitaldistractionsisarevolutionaryactthatprovidesknowledge,inspiration,andpeace,(10)_______________changingone’slifejourney.significantlyprovidingconfirmA.challengeB.confirmC.creatingD.deepensE.distractionsF.entertainmentG.magicalH.possiblyI.preventJ.providingK.significantlyL.solaceM.strongerN.ultimatelyO.variouspreventpossiblyPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAReadingComprehension1.Readthepassagecarefullyanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T),false(F),ornotgiven(NG).(1)Readingcanhelppeopleescapefromconstantdistractionsanddigitalnoise.(2)Historicalfictionhelpsreadersunderstanddifferentcultures.(3)Readingstimulatescreativitybyrequiringreaderstoimaginestoryelements.(4)Physicalbooksaremoreeffectivethandigitalscreensformentalengagement.(5)Readinghasnoimpactonbuildingrelationships.(6)Bookscanfunctionasemotionalsupportduringpersonaldifficulties.(7)Scientificevidenceshowsreadingpreventsallage-relatedmentaldecline.(8)Readingnonfictionworkslimitsperspective-broadeningopportunities.(

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)TTTNGFTFFPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAReadingComprehension2.Readthepassageagainandchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.(1)Accordingtothepassage,readinghelpsbuildmeaningfulrelationshipsby___________.

A.teachingpeoplesocialskillsdirectly

B.introducingreaderstonewfriends

C.fosteringempathyandcompassion

D.providingtopicsforconversation(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasabenefitofreading?

A.Reducingstress.

B.Enhancingcognitivefunction.

C.Boostingcreativity.

D.Improvingphysicalstrength.PartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAReadingComprehension2.Readthepassageagainandchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.(3)Thepassagesuggeststhatreadingfantasyorsciencefictioncan___________.

A.encourageinnovativethinkingandbigdreams

B.helpreaderssolvereal-lifeproblemsimmediately

C.replacetheneedforscientificresearch

D.makereadersavoiddailyresponsibilities(4)Whatdoestheauthorimplybycallingreadinga“revolutionaryact”?

A.Readingcanchangepoliticalsystems.

B.Choosingbooksoverscreensisapowerfulchoiceinadigitalworld.

C.Readingismorepopularthanusingphones.

D.Bookswillsoonreplacedigitaldevices.PartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAReadingComprehension2.Readthepassageagainandchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Howtoreducedigitaldistractionsindailylife.

B.Thehistoryofreadingasahumanactivity.

C.Thevariousbenefitsofreadinginadistractedworld.

D.Whyscientificstudiesfocusonreadinghabits.PartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAWordsandPhrases1.Completethesentenceswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)Gettingenoughsleepeachnightiscrucialformaintaininggood___________andphysicalhealth.(2)Helikesto___________himselfinpoemsforhours,forgettingallthestressandworriesoftheday.(3)Hisfearoffailurebeganto___________histhoughtsbeforethecompetition.(4)Inthe___________ofAI,researchersaremakingrapidprogressindevelopingsmartmachines.(5)Museumsnowoffer___________archivesallowingglobalaccesstohistoricalartifacts.collaboratedigitaldominateimmerseinsightmentalmotivationrealmrevolutionarytransformmentalimmersedominaterealmdigitalPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAWordsandPhrases1.Completethesentenceswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(6)Scientistsfromdifferentcountriesmust___________closelytofindsolutionstoclimatechangeefficiently.(7)Hisprimary___________forvolunteeringwastohelpothersandmakeadifferenceintheworld.(8)Theoldfactoryhasbeen___________intoamodernartgallery,attractingmanyvisitors.(9)Thisnewmedicaltreatmentoffersa___________approachtotreatingthedisease,withpromisingresults.(10)Yearsofteachinghavegivenhervaluable___________intohowchildrenlearnanddevelopsocialskills.collaboratemotivationtransformedrevolutionaryinsightcollaboratedigitaldominateimmerseinsightmentalmotivationrealmrevolutionarytransformPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAWordsandPhrases2.Choosethebestphrasetocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.(1)Parentsshouldencouragetheirkidsto___________andpursuetheirpassionsbravely.

A.actcautious

B.thinksmall

C.dreambig

D.speaksoftly(2)Childrenvisitingthesciencemuseum___________dinosaursthroughinteractiveexhibits.

A.worryabout

B.learnabout

C.argueabout

D.hearabout(3)___________,effectivecommunicationisthekeytobuildingstrongrelationships.

A.Inconclusion

B.Forinstance

C.Ontheotherhand

D.AsaresultPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAWordsandPhrases2.Choosethebestphrasetocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.(4)Shewouldalways___________hermother’shandwhenfeelingnervousincrowdedplaces.

A.waitfor

B.apologizefor

C.reachfor

D.settlefor(5)Shelikesto___________paintingduringweekendstoforgetworkpressure.

A.involveherselfwith

B.engageherselfto

C.dedicateherselffor

D.immerseherselfinPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAEnglishtoChineseTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Payattentiontothetipsinbrackets.(1)Readingisthebestwaytopassthetimeonthetrain.（passthetime打发时间）(2)Geniusis10%inspirationand90%perspiration.（inspiration灵感）(3)Readingisaveryeffectivewaytoboostyourintellectualcapacity.（intellectual智力的）(4)Readingdifferentbooksmayinfluenceourcreativethinking.（creativethinking创造性思维）(5)Readinghasarevolutionaryimpactonhowweperceivetheworld.（revolutionary革命性的）阅读是在火车上打发时间的最佳选择。天才是10%的灵感加上90%的勤奋。阅读对于提升智力非常有效。阅读不同书籍能够影响我们的创造性思维。阅读对我们感知世界的方式有着革命性的影响。PartThreeExtensiveReadingReadingSkillFocus如何提高阅读速度：扫读在英语阅读中，扫读（scanning）是一项应对信息检索类任务的技巧。它不追求理解全文，而是像雷达一样，精准扫描出所需的关键细节，如数字、人名、术语等，从而显著提升阅读效率。要掌握英语扫读，可遵循以下步骤：1.明确目标，提炼关键词：将问题转化为具体的英文关键词。优先选择不易替换的词，如专有名词（“HarvardUniversity”）、数字（“2026”）或特殊术语，避免使用容易发生同义替换的普通词汇。2.利用结构，缩小范围：利用英文文本的固有结构快速定位。标题、小标题和段落首句（主题句）能帮你迅速判断相关段落。对于数据、步骤类信息，应重点关注表格、图表或项目符号列表区域。3.高效移动视线：不要逐词阅读，而是让视线快速扫描。可以让视线按“Z”字形轨迹扫过每行的开头、结尾及中间突出的视觉线索词，或者让视线像一条竖线一样在页面右侧快速下滑，专门捕捉数字或长单词等打破排版均匀性的信息。PartThreeExtensiveReadingReadingSkillFocus4.精准确认信息：找到与目标关键词匹配的内容后，立即放慢速度，确认拼写是否完全一致，上下文是否相关，以及信息是否完整准确。此外，在进行扫读时，需警惕几个常见误区：逐词翻译：扫读时无须理解每个单词，遇到与目标无关的生词直接跳过，避免因纠结词义浪费时间。忽略同义表述：原文信息与题干关键词可能用不同的词表达相同意思（如“important”对应“significant”），扫读时需灵活识别。盲目求快：若未找到目标，应检查关键词是否准确，或者是否遗漏了图表、脚注等区域；如果文本过长，可以将文本分成几部分逐个扫读。总而言之，扫读是一项通过练习即可熟练掌握的高效技能。它能帮助你在大量信息中迅速锁定目标，是提升英语阅读速度和准确性的利器。PartThreeExtensiveReadingReadingintheDigitalAge:PaperVersusScreens❶E-readersandtabletsarebecomingmorepopularassuchtechnologiesimprove,butresearchsuggeststhatreadingonpaperstillboastsuniqueadvantages.❷InaonceviralYouTubevideo,aone-year-oldgirltriestoswipeandpinchapapermagazineasifitwereaniPad.Herfather,Jean-LouisConstanza,suggeststhisshowshowdigitaltechnologyshapesthemindsofyoungchildren,makingtraditionalmedialikemagazinesseem“useless”tothem.However,babiesnaturallytoucheverything,andchildrenwhohaveneverseenatabletstillinteractwithpaperbooks.WhiledigitalnativesusedeviceslikeiPadsandKindles,theyalsoreadpaperbooksandmagazines,showingthatonetechnologydoesn’texcludeunderstandinganotherTextB数字时代的阅读：纸张与屏幕的较量随着技术的不断进步，电子阅读器和平板电脑等日益普及，但研究表明，纸质阅读仍具有独特的优势。在一段曾经广为传播的YouTube视频中，一个一岁大的女孩试着像操作iPad一样对一本纸质杂志进行滑动和缩放操作。女孩的父亲让-路易·康斯坦扎认为，这表明数字技术正在塑造幼儿的思维，让杂志这类传统媒体在他们眼中显得“毫无用处”。然而，婴儿天生就爱触摸各种东西，即便是从未见过平板电脑的孩子也依然会与纸质书互动。虽然数字原生代会使用iPad和 Kindle 等设备，但他们也会阅读纸质书和杂志，这表明一种技术的使用并不妨碍对另一种技术的理解。PartThreeExtensiveReadingPartThreeExtensiveReading❸Thevideoraisesanimportantquestion:Howdoesreadingonscreensdifferfromreadingonpaper?Thisquestionmatterstoeveryone,fromofficeworkerswhoswitchbetweencomputersandpaperbookstoe-readeruserswhostillpreferpaperforsomereason.Asdigitalreadingbecomesmorecommon,wegainconveniencebutmaylosedepth.Researchsincethe1980sshowsmixedresults:somestudiessuggestpeoplereadslowerandlessaccuratelyonscreens,whileothersfindlittledifference.However,mostpeoplestillpreferpaperforintensivereading,evenase-booksgrowinpopularity,makinguparemarkablepercentageofU.S.booksales.❹Onekeydifferenceishowwenavigatetext.Paperbookshaveaphysicalstructure—pages,corners,andthickness—thathelpsreadersformamentalmapofthecontent.Screens,ontheotherhand,oftenlackthisspatialawareness.Forexample,scrollingthroughadigitaltextmakesithardertoseewhereyouareinthedocument,whichcanaffectcomprehension.Studiesshowthatpeoplerememberinformationbetterwhentheyreadonpaper,possiblybecausethephysicalexperienceofturningpageshelpsthebrainprocessandretaincontent.这段视频提出了一个重要的问题：屏幕阅读与纸质阅读有何不同？这个问题与每个人都息息相关，无论是在电脑和纸质书之间切换的上班族，还是出于某些原因仍偏爱纸质书的电子阅读器用户。随着数字阅读日益普及，我们获得了便利，但可能会失去阅读的深度。20世纪80年代以来的研究结果喜忧参半：一些研究表明，人们在屏幕上阅读速度更慢、准确率更低，而另一些研究则发现两种阅读方式的差别不大。然而，即便电子书近来大受欢迎，在美国图书销量中占相当大的比例，大多数人在进行深度阅读时还是更青睐纸质书。两者的一个关键区别在于我们浏览文本的方式。纸质书具有物理结构——页面、书角和厚度，这有助于读者在脑海中形成内容的思维导图。而屏幕则往往缺乏这种空间感知。例如，在滚动浏览数字文本时，人们很难判断自己在文档中的位置，这可能会影响理解。研究表明，人们在纸质书上阅读时，对信息的记忆效果更好，这可能是因为翻页这一物理体验有助于大脑处理和记住内容。PartThreeExtensiveReadingPartThreeExtensiveReading❺Anotherissueisthementaleffortrequired.Readingonscreenscanbemoretaxingduetoglare,flickering,andeyestrain,especiallyondeviceslikecomputersandtablets.E-inkreadersliketheKindleareeasierontheeyesbutstilllackthetactilefeedbackofpaper.Surveysalsoshowthatpeoplefeelmoreincontrolwithpaperbooks—theycanflippages,highlight,andwritenotesmoreeasily.Thissenseofcontrolmaymakereadingonpapermoreenjoyableandeffective.❻Despitethesechallenges,digitalreadingoffersuniqueadvantages.Scrolling,forinstance,allowsforvisuallyricharticlesandinteractivecontentthatwouldn’tworkonpaper.Innovationsine-readersandtabletsaimtoreplicatethefeelofpaper,withfeaturesliketurninganimationsandprogressbars.However,somearguethatinsteadofmimickingpaper,digitalreadingshouldevolveintosomethingentirelynew,leveragingthestrengthsofscreens,suchasinteractivityandmultimedia.另一个问题是所需的脑力付出。因为存在眩光、闪烁和眼睛疲劳等问题，在屏幕设备上阅读可能更费神，尤其在使用电脑或平板等设备时更为明显。像Kindle这样的电子墨水阅读器对眼睛更友好，但仍然缺乏纸质书的触感反馈。调查还显示，人们觉得阅读纸质书时掌控感更强——他们可以更轻松地翻页、划重点和做笔记。这种掌控感可能会让纸质阅读更令人愉悦，也更有效。尽管存在这些挑战，数字阅读仍有其独特优势。例如，滚动浏览可以呈现视觉效果丰富的文章和互动内容，这是纸质书无法实现的。电子阅读器和平板电脑在不断创新，力求模拟纸质书的质感，比如加入翻页动画和进度条等功能。然而，也有人认为，数字阅读不应局限于模仿纸质书，而是应该利用屏幕的交互性和多媒体等优势，演化成一种全新的形式。PartThreeExtensiveReadingPartThreeExtensiveReading❼Allinall,whilepapermaystillhavetheedgefordeep,focusedreading,digitalreadingisevolving.Astechnologyimprovesandattitudesshift,thegapbetweenpaperandscreensmaynarrow.Fornow,bothformatshav