考研英语（二）模拟试卷153

考研英语（二）模拟试卷153

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Poets,songwritersandpoliticianshatetheidea,butfordecadesopinion-pollevidencehas

beenclear;moneybuyshappinessandthericheryouare,themorelikelyyouareto

expresssatisfactionwithyourlife.Untilnow,asurveyof43countries[Cl]on

October30thbythePewResearchCentreofWashington,DC,showsthatpeoplein

[C2]marketsareexpressingalmostthesamelevelofsatisfactionaspeoplein

richcountries.Itisthebiggest[C3]tothestandardviewofhappinessand

incomeseen[C4].ThePewpollasksrespondentsto[C5],onascale

fromzerototen,howgoodtheirlivesare.(Thosewhosaybetweensevenandtenare

countedas[C6])In2007,57%ofrespondentsinrichcountriesputthemselves

inthetopfourtiers;inemergingmarketsthe[C7]was33%;inpoorcountries

only16%—aclassic[C8]ofthestandardview.Butin2014,54%ofrich­

countryrespondentscountedthemselvesashappy,whereasinemergingmarketsthe

percentage[C91to51%.Thiswashappeningjustalatimewhenemerging

markets'chancesofconvergingeconomically[CIO]theWestseemedtobe

[Cl1].Richcountriesdidnotexperience[C12]declinesin

happiness.ThedecreasesinAmericaandBritainweretiny(asinglepercentagepoint),

[03]theshareofhappyGermansrose13points.Alargedropinformerly

joyfulSpainensuredamodestoveralldeclinefortherich.[C14]the

convergencehappened[C15]hugeimprovementsincountriessuchasIndonesia

andPakistan.In12ofthe24emergingmarkets,halformorepeople[C16]their

lifesalisfacliuuintheloptiersofiheladder.Thisisnotlo[C17]山elink

betweenincomeandsatisfactionhasbeensnapped.Poorcountriesstill[CI8];

onlyaquarterofthepeoplethereareinthehappytiers—halftheleveloftheothertwo

groups.Thereis[C19]aclearlinkbetweenhappinessandincomegrowth.

China'sGDProseatanannualaveragerateof10%in2007-2014anditshappinesslevel

rose26points.[C20]countries,richerpeopleexpressmoresatisfactionthan

theirpoorerneighbours.

1、[Cl]

Asissued

B、leased

C、published

D、claimed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：动词辨析题。[A]issued发布，颁布；[B]leased出租.，租借；

[□published出版，发表，公布；[D]claimed宣称,声称。本空修饰survey"调查"一

词，[BHD]两项比较容易排除。issue一词强调发表声明，颁布命令、警告等，而

publish强调出版书刊、发表文章、公布结果等。综上分析，本题选择[0。

2、[C2]

A、dominating

B、emerging

C>vanishing

D、declining

标准答案：B

知识点解析：词汇辨析题。[AJdominating主要的;出Jemerging新兴的;

[C]vanishing消失的;[D]declining衰退的。本空in2markets与下文inrichcountries

形成对比，与富裕、发达国家相对立的自然是发展中国家，即新兴市场，选项[B]

正确。

3、[C3]

A、publication

B、implication

C、provocation

D、qualification

标准答案：D

知识点解析：词汇辨析题。[A]publication出版物；[B]implication暗示;

[□provocation挑衅；[D]qualification资格,资历，条件，限制。原文说：Itisthe

biggest3tothestandardviewofhappinessandincomeseen4."这是迄今为止出现的

最能证明人越有钱越幸福这个观点的证据。”本题比较容易排除[A][C]两项。选项

[B]表示“暗示”，上文明确提到asurveyshows…，其中show”显示，说明”与“暗示”

矛盾，由此可见[B]也非合适选项。利用排除法选择[D],文中thebiggest

qualification表示“最有资格说明，最能够证明”，切合上下文语义，故[D]为正确答

案c

4、[C4]

A、sofar

B、atlarge

C、ineffect

D、bychance

标准答案：A

知识点解析：逻辑关系题。IA|sofar迄今为止；[B]atlarge整体上;[C]ineffect

际上；[D]bychance偶然。原文说“这是_____出现的最能证明人越有钱越幸福这

个观点的证据。''将四个选项代入，不难判断，只有[A]符合逻辑，故木题选择

|A|o

5、[C5]

A^prove

B>measure

C^count

D^inspect

标准答案：B

知识点解析：动词辨析题。［AJprove证明；［B］measure测量，衡量；［C］count计

算；［D］inspect检查。原文说“皮尤民调让被调查者对生活的满意度。'‘首先

［A］［D］比较容易排除。［C］强调“数字计算”，［B］强调“测量,衡量”，显然［B］代入更

符合句意，故本题选择［B］。

6、［C6］

A、sad

B、rich

C、poor

D、happy

标准答案：D

知识点解析：形容词辨析题。［A］sad悲伤的；［B］rich富裕的；［C］poor贫穷的；

［D］happy高兴的，幸福的。文章首段就提出讨论的话题：收入与幸福的关系。第

三段首句也重复提到：Butin2014,54%ofrich-countrjzrespondentscounted

themselvesashappy—L下文多次出现信息都暗示该空应该填入happy—诃，即答

案为［D］。

7、［C7］

A、ratio

B、share

C、digit

D、level

标准答案：B

知识点解析：名词辨析题0［A］ratio比率：［Bkhare份额：［Qdigit数字：［D］level水

平。选项|A|强调两者之间的比率，而非单个数据；［C］强调"数字，数位”；［D］则与

数字无关。四个选项中，只有［B］强调"份额，比重”，符合句意，故本题选择

［B］o,

8、［C8］

A、expression

B、improvement

C、discussion

D、complement

标准答案：A

知识点解析：名词辨析题。IA［expression表达，表现;［B］improvement进步;

［C］discussion讨论；［D］complement补充。原文说：aclassic8ofthestandard

view.”标准观点的典型______。”四个选项中expression最符合句意，故本题选择

|A|o

知识点解析:形容词辨析题。［A］fatal致命的;［BJsleep陡峭的,急剧的；|C］vital

重要的;［D］stable稳定的。下文说:ThedecreasesinAmericaandBritainweretiny...

其中，decreases=该句的declines；故该句not12=tiny。tiny“微小的”自然相当于“不

大的“，故得知该空填入“大的”，能够体现出这层意思，又可以与declines搭配的

只有steep一词，表示“陡峭的，急剧的，大幅度的一故本题答案为［B］。

13、［C13］

A、because

since

C、while

D、when

标准答案：C

知识点解析：逻辑关系题。原文说：ThedecreasesinAmericaandBritainweretiny(a

singlepercentagepoint),13theshareofhappyGermansrose13points.显然，上下句

将美英两国与德国进行对比，能够体现出比较、对比逻辑关系的只有while一词；

|A］because和［B］since强调因果，［D］when强调时间，只有［C］while符合逻辑。

14、［C14］

A、But

B、So

C、Indeed

D、Thus

标准答案：A

知识点解析：逻辑关系题。本题选项中，［B］S。和［D］Thus意思相同，都强调因果

逻辑，故可以同时排除。剩余［A］But表示转折，［QIndeed表示递进。上句的

modestdecline”适度下降，与该句hugeimprovements“巨大进步”是明显的反义信息，

上下文出现反义信息，逻辑必为转折，故本题选择［A］。

15、［C15］

A、accordingto

B、insteadof

C^regardlessof

D、thanksto

标准答案：D

知识点解析：词组辨析题。［A］accordingto根据,按照；［B］insteadof取代;

©regardlessof不管，不顾；［D］lhanksto由于，多亏。原文说:Butthe

convergencehappened15hugeimprovementsincountriessuchasIndonesiaand

Pakistan.u一些国家幸福感大幅提高(比如印度尼西业和巴基斯坦)，这使得

汇合情况发生。”显然只有thanksto符合句意，故本题选择［D］。

16、［C161

A^test

B、vote

C^rate

D、mark

标准答案：C

知识点解析：词汇辨析题。［A］test测试；［B］vote投票；评价,评估；

［D］mark做记号，打分。填入该空的词要与下文lifesatisfaction"生活满意度”形成搭

配，两项容易排除。而［A］的主体更多是“调查、研究人员”等。本空“评价、

评估生活满意度”与句意最搭，故本题选择［0。

17、［C17］

A、talk

B、say

C、mention

D、speak

标准答案：B

知识点解析：固定搭配题。［A］talk谈论;［B］say讲,说；［C|mention提及；

［D］speak说话。本题考查固有句型thisisnotlosay"这并不是说"，say为正确答

案。其余几项不符合上下文要求；其中［C］nottomention可以搭配，但是没有thisis

notiomeniion这样的句型，故排除,本题选择［B］。

18、［C18］

A、catchup

B、fallapart

C、lagbehind

D、setaside

标准答案：C

知识点解析：词组辨析题。［A］catchup赶上；［B］fallapart崩溃；［C］lagbehind落

后：aside放在一边c原文说：Poorcountriesstill18：onlyaquarterofthe

peoplethereareinthehappytiers—halftheleveloftheothertwogroups.”贫困国家仍

然：只有四分之一的人认为自己幸福—是发展中国家和发达国家的一

半。”根据下文提示，该句意思非常明确，即“贫困国家仍然落后"，故［C］为答案。

19、［C19］

A、also

only

C、even

D、neither

标准答案：A

知识点解析：逻辑关系题。上文反复提到Ihelinkbetweenincomeandsatisfaction"收

入与满足感之间的关系”，该句说：Thereis19aclearlinkbetweenhappinessand

incomegrowth.显然二者意思接近，属于并列关系，故本题选择［A］。

20、［C201

A^Without

B、Through

C、Between

D、Within

标准答案：D

知识点解析：选项网Withoutcountries“没有国家”搭配荒谬，比较容易排除；

［B］Throughcountries"穿过国家”也与上下文不搭；［C］Betweencountries”在国家

间”，该项可以搭配，但是between强调“二者之间”，而文章并无明确强调哪两个

国家，故该项也不是答案；［D］Withincountries“在国家内”搭配合理，且下文对比

了富人与穷人，显然是对同一个国家里贫富群体进行比较，该项符合上下文逻辑，

故本题选择［D］。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分,共20分。）

Ifcomfortablyoutpacingyourrivalsisthemainmeasureofautomotiveachievement,

Tesla'seleuliiccarisaresoundingsuccess.TheModelSlastyearuulsuklitsnearest

luxuryrival,Mercedes'spctrol-cngincdS-class,by30%inAmerica.Andinitstop

specificationtheTeslawillalsobeattheGermancarintheracefrom0-60mph.Asa

battery-makerTeslaisalsomovingfast.Thisweekitannouncedplanstobuilda

"gigafactory"inAmericatomakelithium-ionpower-packs,thatithopeswillpropelits

vehiclestothemainstream.Tesla'saccelerationhasbeenrapid.Launchedadecadeago

byElonMusk,afounderofPayPalandserialtechentrepreneur,lastyearitsoldaround

22,000carsandbytheendof2014hopestobemaking1,000aweek.Inearly2015Tesla

willaddtheModelX,amedium-sizedSUV,toitsrange.However,Tesla'simpressive

growthhasnotyettranslatedintosignificantprofits.Aseriesofbattcryfiresalsobriefly

dentedsalesgrowthlastyear.Nevertheless,Tesla'ssharessurgedonFebruary25th,to

valuethecompanyatover$30billionafterMorganStanley,abank,joineditsadoring

fans.Itreckonsthatthebatteryfactorywillnotonlypropelitalongtheroadtomass

manufacturingbutalsomakeitaleadingcompetitorinlow-costenergystorage,thekey

tomakingrenewableenergymorepractical.ThebankisalsoconfidentthatTesla's

SiliconValleylocationwillputitinthedriverlessfrontseatofautonomousmotoring.A

recentmeetingwithApple,andtheiPad-likecontrolpaneloftheModelS,have

convincedsomeobserversthatatakeoverandaniCararearoundthecorner,althoughMr

Muskinsiststhathisfirmisnotforsale.Teslahasdefieditsdoubterswiththesuccessof

theModelS,asmartlystyledluxurycar.Itmaynotsharetheoutrageouslooksofa

supercarliketheLamborghiniAventador,butithastheperformancewithoutthe

$400,000-pluspricetag.ThemostbasicModelScosts$64,000inAmerica.Thishas

wonitravereviewsinthemotoringpress,oftensniffyaboutotherelectriccarswith

limitedrangesanddufflooks.Bydesigningalargecarwithabigbattcrypack,Teslahas

diminished"rangeanxiety"—oneversioncando310miles（500km）betweencharges.

21、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,Teslais.

A、aluxurycarbrandthatbeatsallitsrivals

B、acar-makerthataimsathigh-endcustomers

C^abattery-makerthathasbecomemainstream

D、anelectriccarbrandihatalsoproducesbattery

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。定位到第一段。该段第二行提到luxury一词，但是指的是

Mercedes,并不是Tesla,故选项［A］的luxurycarbrand表述不当,ffubeatsallits

rivals更是过度夸大，故选项［A］是错误的。而选项［B］的high-endcustomers“高端客

户”更是无中生有。选项［C］的battcry-makcr只是Tesla的部分业务，而且has

becomemainstream"已经成为主流”也与原文不符，放该项错误。只有［D］项的an

electriccarbrandthatalsoproducesbattery“同时生产电池的电动跑车品牌”能够概括

Tesla,分别对应该段第二行的Tesla'selectriccar和第四行的Asabattcry-makcr

Teslaisalsomovingfast.故答案为|D|°

22、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that.

A、Tesla'selectriccarwillbecomemainstreaminthemarket

B、Teslawillmakeagreatfortunein2015thankstoitsnewmodel

C^itmaytakeawhileforTeslatorecoverfromthebatteryaccidents

D、Teslapursuesenvironmenially-friendlycarsratherthanhugeprofits

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理题。定位到第二段。首先，选项［A］在该段没有对应内容，该段

未提至Umainstream一词，该项属于无中生有。选项［B］的2015和newmodel对应该

段的“Inearly2015TeslawilladdIheModelX,amedium-sizedSUV,toitsrange.”

一句，但是该项的makeagreatfortune“大赚一笔”文中并无体现，故该项错误。选

项［C］对应该段最后一句：Aseriesofbatteryfiresalsobrieflydentedsalesgrowthlast

year.“去年，一系列电池起火事件削弱了其销售增长势头。”由此可见，该项的it

maytakeawhilefbrTeslatorecoverfromthebatteryaccidents”特斯拉可能需要,段

时间才能从电池事故中恢复过来”的推理正确。选项［D］的cnvironmcntally-fricndly

原文并未提到，该项也是错误的。综上，本题答案为［C］。

23、AccordingtoParagraph3,someobserversbelievethat.

A、Tesla'sfounderwillnotsellhiscompany

B、ApplemaytakeTeslaoverinthenearfuture

C>TeslaandApplemaycooperateanddeveloptheiCar

D、Teslawillbetheleadingcorporationofdriverlesscars

标准答案：B

知识点解析：观点题。艰据someobservers定位到第三段最后一句：Arecent

meetingwithApple,andtheiPad-likecontrolpaneloftheModelS,haveconvinced

someobserversthatatakeoverandaniCararearoundthecorner,althoughMrMusk

insiststhathisfirmisnotforsale.其中答案的来源句为atakeoverandaniCarare

aroundthecomei■“特斯拉很快会被接手，iCar很快会出现"其中，aroundthecorner

的意思是“即将到来”，四项中与该句表述一致的是选项［B］ApplemaytakeTeslaover

inthenearfuture"苹果可能在近期接手特斯拉“，其中takeTeslaover=takeover；in

thenearfuture=aroundthecorner,故该题答案为[B]0

24>WhichoneofthefollowingistrueaboutTesla'sModelS?

A、Ithasdufflooksandlimitedrange.

B、Itlooksasimpressiveasothersupercars.

C、Itisnotworthspendingsomuchmoneyonit.

D、Ithaschangedpeople'sviewtowardstheelectriccar.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干的Icsla'sModels以及出题顺序定位到最后一

段。选项［A］对应该段第四行:Thishaswonitravereviewsinthemotoringpress,

oftensniffyaboutotherelectriccarswithlimitedrangesanddufflooks.其中的limited

rangesanddufflooks指的是otherelectriccars,而不是Tesla,故该项错误。选项［B］

对应本段第二句：Itmaynotsharetheoutrageouslooksofasupercarlikethe

LamborghiniAventador…其中的outrageous“令人震惊的”与该项的impressive”令人

印象深刻的''意思接近，但是原文说的是notsharetheoutrageouslooksofa

supercar,故该项错误。选项［C］对应该段第二、三两句：butithastheperformance

withouttheS400,000-pluspricetag.ThemostbasicModelScosts$64,000in

America.可见ModelS不仅拥有价值40万美元的汽车的表现性能，而且售价仅为

6.4万斐元，性价比很高，该项说的“不值得购买”显然是错误的。选项［D］对应该

段第四行：Thishaswonitravereviewsinthemototingpress,oftensniffyaboutother

electriccars…这使其在汽车报刊上引起轩然大波，该报刊往往对其他电动跑车的有

限行程和笨拙外观嗤之以鼻。可见该项Ithaschangedpeople'sviewtowardsthe

electriccar.“它改变了人们对于电动跑车的看法。”表述正确，即［D］为答案。

25、Themostappropriatetitleforthistextis.

A、Tesla:ElectricCarThatMakesAHit

R、ElectricCar:WhereIstheFuture?

C、Tesla:WilltheTakeoverComeSoon?

D、Tesla:RapidGrowthButNoProfits

标准答案：A

知识点解析：主旨题。本文讨论的是电动跑车品牌Tesla,几个选项基本都吻合。

我们先理解各项大意。选项［A］“特斯拉：大获成功的电动跑车”：选项［B］“电动跑

车：何去何从?选项［C］“特斯拉：距离被接手还远吗?选项［D「特斯拉：猛增

长，零利润”。一般文章各段首句可以表达各段大意，而把各段首句加起来，可以

看出整篇文章大意。第一段提到：Tesla'selectriccarisaresoundingsuccess.第二

段首句指出：Tesla'accelcrationhasbeenrappid.第三段首句重点为：

Nevertheless,Tesla'ssharessurged.最后一段首句又指出:Teslahasdefiedits

doubterswiththesuccessoftheModelS.这几句不断提至success,acceleration,

surge等词，都是积极向上的词，由此可以判断，文章重点讨论特斯拉的成功和发

展，故［A］项为答案。

"Itcan'tbethateveryannualsalarynegotiationmakesitastrainjusttobegintheschool

year,"saidPresidentCristinaFernandezdeKirchnerduringaspeechtoCongresson

March1st.Yesitcan.Strikesthisweekdelayedthestartofclassesin19ofArgentina's

24districts,afterprovincialunionsandgovernmentsfailedtoreachagreementsabout

wagerises.Negotiationsbetweenthenationalgovernmentandfederalunions,whichare

meanttosetaminimumbenchmarkfortheprovinces,alsofoundered.Withsomeunions

demandingmorethan40%hikes,thenationalgovernmentandBuenosAires'sprovincial

government,themostinfluentialnegotiators,offeredincreasesofjust22%and25.5%

thisyearrespectively.Theunionscalledtheproposals"aprovocation".Tensionhadbeen

expected.Theteachers'unionswantsalaryrisesaboveArgentina'sgallopinginflation

rate.SincethestartoftheyearthegovernmenthasdevaluedtheArgentinepesobyover

20%,causinginflationexpectationstospike.AccordingtoEduardoLevyYeyatiof

Elypsis,aconsultancy,pricesareexpectedtojumpby32%thisyear.Andnowthatthe

governmenthasstartedpublishingmorerealisticdata,itcannotsimplypretendthe

problemofrisingpricesdoesnotexist.Theteachers'unionshaveastronghand.In

Decemberprovincialpolicesqueezed35%-100%payincreasesoutoftheiremployers.

Public-sectoremployeesarenotfearfuloflosingtheirjobs.Strikesgiveunionsthepower

tocausewidespreadchaos.Butthegovernmentcannotaffordtoconcedetoomuch

ground.Thenegotiationswiththeteacherswillsetaprecedentforsalarytalkswithother

unionsscheduledforlaterthismonthandApril.Toensurethatinllationdoesnot

continuetoaccelerate,theauthoritiesneedtocurbrealwages.Budgetaryconsiderations

alsoplaytheirpart.AccordingtoEconomia&Regiones,aresearchgroup,ifthe

provincesweretogrant30%raisestotheir2memployees,thatwoulddoubletheir

collectivefiscaldeficit.Thatmaynonethelessbewhathappens.Inthefivejurisdictions

thatwereabletoreachaccords,theteachersandtheprovincesagreedtoincreasesof

around30%.Thatwouldn'tdomuchtobringdowninflation,butitwouldatleasthelp

keepitfromskyrocketing.Anditwouldmeantheschoolyearcanbegin.

26、AccordingtoParagraph2,peoplewentonstrikebecause.

A、thegovernmentrefusedtoraisetheirsalary

B、localunions,demandfbrwagerisewasnotmet

C>unionsandschoolscouldnotreachagreements

D、thenationcouldnotsetastandardfortheprovinces

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。艰据strike一词定位到第二段第一句：Strikes...after

provincialunionsandgovernmentsfailedtoreachagreementsaboutwagerises.原文

after之后的内容说明了罢工的原因，是因为“省工会和政府未能就加薪达成一致”。

选项［A］"政府拒绝涨薪”是错误的，原文并未提到政府拒绝，只是数额未达成共

识，故［A］可以排除。选项［B］"地方工会的加薪要求没得到满足”与原文基本一致，

其中notmet替换了failtoreachagreements,故该项正确。选项［C］”工会和学校未

达成共识''显然是把原文的government一词偷换概念了，故错误。选项［D］“国家未

能为各省设定标准”与答案来源句无关，也是错误选项。故本题答案为［B］。

27、AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A、Theteachers'unionswantawageriseof20%.

B>Argentina'spricesofcommoditiesarerisingfast.

C>Thesamepesomaynotaffordthesamegoodsthisyear.

D^Therelationbetweenthegovernmentandtheunionsistense.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。定位到第三段。选项［A］对应内容在第二句：The

teachers'unionswantsalaryrisesaboveArgentina'sgallopinginflationrate.该句并未

提到任何号体数据，故|A|项的表述错误，即［A］符合题目要求。选项［B］对应该段

倒数第二行：pricesareexpectedtojumpby32%thisyear.其中的prices=pricesof

commodities；jumpby32%=risingfast；故网项与原文相符。选项［C］对应第二行：

SincethestartoftheyearthegovernmenthasdevaluedtheArgentinepesobyover

20%.该句指出：比索贬值，即该项的“今年，等价的比索买不到相同的商品”是正

确的。选项［D］对应首句，上文尾句己经指出：政府和工会意见相左：该句又指

出：Tensionhadbeenexpected.”紧张局势难以避免。”可见该项“政府和工会关系

紧张”的表述正确。综上，本题答案为［A］。

28、Thegovernmentcannotcompromisetoomuchtotheteachers'unions

because.

A、thenegotiationsareineffective

B、thestrikeisactuallyundercontrol

C、itwillsetanexampleforotherunions

D、theteachers5unionswilldemandmore

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干thegovernment,compromise定位到第五段首句：

Butthegovernmentcannotaffordtoconcedetoomuchground.其中，

compromise=concede”让步，妥协”；故答案来自下一句：Thenegotiationswithihe

teacherswillsetaprecedentforsalarytalkswithotherunionsscheduledforlaterthis

monthandApril.其中setaprecedentforsalarytalkswithotherunions”为其他工会的

加薪协商开下先例''是关键，与该信息相符的选项是［C］itwillsetanexamplefor

otherunions”这会为其他工会树立榜样”，故［C］为该题答案。

29、Itcanbeconcludedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat.

A、wagerisesmayleadtofinancialissues

B、30%raiseswillnotinfluencethefinance

C、mostteachersarenotsatisfiedwiththeresult

D、theraiseswillmakepeople'slifetotallydifYerent

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理题。选项［A］对应第五段最后一句：...ifiheprovinceswereto

grant30%raisestotheir2memployees,thatwoulddoubletheircollectivefiscal

deficit.44……如果各省同意为200万名雇员增加30%工资，这将使集体财政赤字

翻倍。“其中wagerises=raises；financialissues"财政问题”=fiscaldeficit”财政赤

字”；故该项正确。选项［B］也对应第五段尾句，该项错误。选项［C］无中生有，文

章未提到教师是否对加薪结果满意，故错误。选项［D|与坡后一段的Thatwouldn't

domuchtobringdowninflation相悖,也是错误的。综上［A］为答案。

30、Theword"skyrocketing"(Line3,Para.6)mostprobablymeans.

A、flying

B、shaking

C>declining

D、surging

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义题。艰据该词的上下文可以进行分析，原文指出Thatwouldn't

domuchtobringdowninflation,butitwouldatleasthelpkeepitfrom

skyrocketing.“这对降低通货膨胀起不到什么作用，但至少能不让它_____。”由

于出现but一词，我们知道上下文必有相反信息，或者反义词，根据背景我们知

道，空缺处填入信息为"上涨”，即为skyrocket—近的大概意思，四个选项中，表

示“上涨”的是surge”猛涨，猛增”一词，故［D］为答案。

ThepastfiveyearshavebeenabadtimetobeataxpayerinEurope.Acrossthe

continent,governmentshavereliedheavilyontaxrisestocutbudgetdeficits,increasing

thetotalburdenbyalmost5%ofGDPinFranceandGreece.Butratherthanraisetaxes

anyfurther,manycountriesarestartingtocutthem.TheEuropeanCommissionreckons

thattheeurozone'stax-to-GDPratiostabilisedin2013andisnowfalling.InJanuary

Franceannouncedplanstocutpayrolltaxesby30billion.ThismonthItalyunveiled

income-taxcutsworth10billionforthoseearninglessthan25,000ayear.Thisweek

Britainproposedtaxcutsformostpeopleonlowormediumincomes.IrelandandSpain

arealsoplanningtaxcutslaterthisyear.Lowertaxesmaybepopular,buthowaresuch

giveawaysbeingfinanced?Fewcountrieshavethescopetoborrowmuchmore.The

commissionhascriticisedFranceandSpainforrepeatedlymissingtheirdeficit-reduction

targets,thoughitisnottakingactionagainstthem.Italy'shighlevelofpublicdebt,which

hit133%ofGDPin2013,hasalsolandeditonthecommission'sfiscal"watchlist".

Instead,mostcountriesplantopayfortheirtaxproposalswithpublic-spendingcuts.Italy

saysitwillreducespendingbyanextra7billionthisyearandsaveafurther2.2billion

thankstoloweryieldsonitsdebt—thoughthesefiguresmayproveoptimistic.The

politicianshopethatlowertaxeswillboostgrowth.Aseuro-zonecountriescannot

devalueorlowertheirowninterestrates,taxcutsarconeofthefewwaysoftrimming

businesscostsfast,saysGuillaumeMenuetatCitigroup.FranceandItalybothhopeto

improvetheircompetitivenessbyreducingthetax"wedge"betweenemployers*costsand

whatworkersactuallytakehome.In2012thistaxtakereachednearly50%ofthepayroll

billinFranceandItaly,againstanOECDaverageofjust36%.Someeconomistsdoubt

thatcuttingincometax,Italy'sapproach,isthebestwayforward.Instead,theyfavour

slashingEurope'shighemployer-paidsocialsecuritycharges,asFranceproposestodo.

Thiswoulddirectlylowerlabourcosts,encouragingcompaniestohireextraworkersas

wellastoincreasetheirinvestment.Thatwouldalsogiveawelcomeboosttogrowth.

31、Inthepasthalfdecade,Europeanshavesufferedfrom.

A^lowincome

B>budgetdeficit

C、heavyrevenue

D^familyburden

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干inthepasthalfdecade”在过去5年”定位到首段第

一句：ihepastfiveyears,再根据Europeans一词定位到首段首句的Europe,确定

答案来源为第一段。而首句仅仅帮助我们定位，具体答案来自下一句：Acrossthe

continent,governmentshavereliedheavilyontaxrisestocutbudgetdeficits.“在整个

欧洲，政府严重依靠税收增长来减少预算赤字。”由此可以知道第一句提到“过去5

年对于欧洲纳税人来说是一段艰难的时光”的原因，是“税收增长"，即［C］项heavy

revenue"繁重的税收|B|budgeldeficit是迷惑选项，定位句中Acrossihe

continent,governmentshavereliedheavilyontaxrisestocutbudgetdeficits,出现了

［B］选项，财政赤字是政府遭遇的状况，而欧洲人面临的是繁重的税收。

32、Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat.

alldomestictaxeswillbecutinFrancesoon

B、taxcutmaybeagoodnewstosomeBritons

C、mostpeopleinItalybenefitfromthetaxcut

D^low-incomepeopleneedn'tpaytaxinIreland

标准答案:B

知识点解析：推理题。定位到第二段。选项［A］alldomesliclaxes,soon等词过于肯

定，从该段第一句提到France的句子中未能推断出来，故该项错误。选项［B］对应

该段第三句，该句提到“英国提议减少大多数中低收入人群的税收”，故该项推理

“减税对于一些英国人来说是好消息”是正确的。选项［C］对应第二句，该句指出：

意大利为年薪低于2.5万欧元的人减税，但是有多少人并不知道，故该项的most

peoplebenefit无法推断出来，该项错误。选项［D］对应最后一句，原文只是提到爱

尔兰计划减税，并没有提到针对哪些群体，故该项错误。综上，答案为［B］。

33、FranceandSpainhavebeenblamedfor.

A、borrowingtoomuchdebt

B、failingtopaytheloansback

C>planningtocutdomestictaxes

D、beingunabletoreducetheirdeficit

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干FranceandSpain,blamedfor等词定位到第三段第

三句：ThecommissionhascriticisedFranceandSpainforrepeatedlymissingtheir

deficit-reductiontargets,thoughitisnottakingactionagainstthem.其中

blamcd=criticised：而原文for之后的内容就是答案来源句，即repeatedlymissing

theirdeficit-reductiontargets”一次又一次未达到减少赤字的目标”，与之届等的选项

是［D］,其中beingunableto=missing；reducetheirdeficit=theirdeficit-reduction

targets；故［D］为正确答案。

34、Accordingtothelastparagraph,someeconomists.

A、preferItaly'sapproachtoFrance's

B、favourslashingemployers'salaries

C^agreetoreducethecostsofemployees

D、reckonthatcuttinglaxistheonlyway

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。定位到最后一段前两句：Someeconomistsdoubtthatcutting

incometax,Italy'sapproach,isthebestwayforward.Instead,theyfavourslashing

Europe'shighemployer-paidsocialsecuritycharges,asFranceproposestodo.选项

［A］prcfcrItaly'sapproachtoFrance与theyfavour...asFranceproposestodo相悖，这

些经济学家赞同法国的提议，而非意大利。故选项［A］是错误的。选项［B］favour

slashingemployers'salaries“赞同减少雇主工资”与原文theyfavour

slashing...employer-paidsocialsecurity”他们赞同减少雇主支付的社会保险“不符，故

错误。选项［Qagreetoreducethecostsofemployees“赞同降低员工成本”与they

favourslashing...socialsecurity.Thiswoulddirectlylowerlabourcosts——句相符，故

正确。选项［D］对应首句Someeconomistsdoubtthatcuttingincometax...,对于减税

这些经济学家持怀疑态度，而非“认为减税是唯一手段"，故［D］项错误。该题答案

为©。

35、Theauthor'sattitudetowardsFrance'sproposalseemstobe.

A、favorable

pessimistic

C、doubtful

D、biased

标准答案：A

知识点解析：态度题。艰据France'sproposal定位到最后一段最后两句：...as

Franceproposestodo.Thiswoulddirectlylowerlabourcosts,encouragingcompanies

tohireextraworkersaswellastoincreasetheirinvestment.Thatwouldalsogivea

welcomeboosttogrowth.这两句话司以表明作者态度，其中directlylowerlabour

costs"直接降低劳动力成本”，encouragingcompanies“鼓励企业"，increasetheir

investment”增力口投资”，和giveawelcomeboosttogrowth”大大促进增长”这些信息

都在表明作者对于法国提议的态度，是积极、认可.的，故［A］favorable“赞同的”为

答案。

Eachsuburbanhousewife,wroteBettyFriedanin1963,struggleswithasinglequestion

asshemakesthebeds,shopsforgroceries,driveschildrentoschoolandliesbesideher

husbandatnight:"Isthisall?"Afewyearsafterherground-breakingbookTheFeminine

Mystiquewaspublished,theCensusBureaubegancollectingdataontheproportionof

motherswhoopttostayathome.Overthesubsequentdecadesthestatisticsanswered

Friedan'squestionwithaheartfeltno.In1967theshareofmotherswhodidnotwork

outsidethehomestoodat49%;bytheturnofthemillenniumithaddroppedtojust23%.

Manythoughtthisnumberwouldcontinuetofallaswomensoughtto"haveitall".

Instead,theproportionofstay-at-homemothershasbeenrisingsteadilyforthepast15

years,accordingtonewdatagatheredbythePewResearchCentre.Thispartlyreflects

demographicchange.Immigrants,arisingshareoftherelevantgeneration,aremore

likelytobestay-at-homemumsthanwomenborninAmerica.Thereisaneconomic

componenttothechange,too:attheendofthe1990s,whenmothersstayingathome

wereattheirrarest,theeconomywascreatingsomanyjobsthatmostpeoplewhowanted

workcouldfindit.Nowmorereportthattheyareunabletodoso,orarestudyinginthe

hopeoffindingworklater.Butthereisalsoanelementofchoice:aquarterofstay-at-

homemothershavecollegedegrees.Takenasawhole,thegroupincludesmothersai

bothendsofthesocialscale.Somearehighlyeducatedbankers'wiveswhochoosenotto

workbecausetheydon'tneedthemoneyandwouldratherspendtheirtimehot-housing

theirtoddlerssothattheymayonedaygetintoHarvard.Othersarcpoorerbutcalculate

that,afterpayingfbrchildcare,themoneytheymakesweepingfloorsorservingburgers

doesnotjustifythetimeawayfromtheirlittleones.Thefirstgroupisfairlysmall.Pew

estimatesthatthereare370,000highlyeducatedandaffluentstay-at-homemothers

(definedasmarriedmothe