河北省名校协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期12月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省名校协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期12月期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChoosingacourseformatisanimportantpartofthecoursedesignanddeliveryphase.Knowingthecourseformatwillhelpyoustructurethedeliveryoflectures,readingsandassignments,andbuildappropriateassessmentsandplans.TypesofCourseFormatsFace-to-face:Lecturesanddiscussionsaredeliveredduringclasstimeandstudentsareassignedworkoutsideofclass.Atypical3-credit,15-weekcoursewouldhavethreehoursperweekofclassroomtimeandsixtoninehoursaweekforreadingsandassignments.Flipped(翻转):Allinstructionalmaterials,includinglectures,arehousedinthelearningmanagementsystem.Classtimeisreservedforactivelearningassignments.Studentshaveclearexpectationsofrequirementsandassignmentstheymustcompletebefore,during,andafterclass.Online:Alllecturesarerecordedinadvanceanddeliveredonline.Atypicalonlinecoursewillhaveonehouroflectureaweek,twohoursofengagement,andsixtoninehoursforreadingsandassignments.Blended(混合):Classtimeisreducedandthelearningmanagementsystemisusedtohouseadditionalmaterials.Studentsarestillexpectedtohavethesameworkloadexpectationsasanonlineorface-to-facecourse,butitispartlydeliveredin-personandpartlyonline.BestPracticesWhenyouaremovingtoadifferentcourseformat,followthesepractices:●Identifycoursegoalsandstudentlearningobjectivesfirst,andthenchoosethecourseformat.Afterthat,youcanstructurethedeliveryofyourcoursetomeetthegoals.●Startsmall.Ifyoutaughtacourseinadifferentformatinthepast,tryadaptingoneortwounitsofcontentinthenewformat.●Keepimproving.Regardlessofthecourseformat,refineitthroughouttheprocess.1.Whichcourseformatissuitablefortask-drivenstudents?A.Theface-to-facecourseformat. B.Theflippedcourseformat.C.Theonlinecourseformat. D.Theblendedcourseformat.2.Whatisrecommendedbeforeapplyinganewcourseformat?A.Learningnewdeliveryofcourses. B.Identifyinglearningmaterials.C.Redesigningsomelearningcontent. D.Keepingauniformcoursestyle.3.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthetext?A.Teachersreadytoarrangecourses. B.Studentseagertochangecourses.C.Teachersintroducingcourseformats. D.Studentsexploringcourseoptions.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是课程形式的选择及其相关要点。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据TypesofCourseFormats部分Flipped中的“Classtimeisreservedforactivelearningassignments.Studentshaveclearexpectationsofrequirementsandassignmentstheymustcompletebefore,during,andafterclass.(课堂时间留给主动学习任务。学生对课前、课中和课后必须完成的要求和作业有明确的期望。)”可知，翻转课程的形式适合任务驱动型学生。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ifyoutaughtacourseinadifferentformatinthepast,tryadaptingoneortwounitsofcontentinthenewformat.(如果你过去用不同的格式教过一门课程，试着用新格式改编一两个单元的内容。)”可知，在申请新的课程形式之前，建议重新设计一些学习内容。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Knowingthecourseformatwillhelpyoustructurethedeliveryoflectures,readingsandassignments,andbuildappropriateassessmentsandplans.(了解课程形式将有助于你规划讲座、阅读材料和作业的安排，并制定恰当的评估方案与教学计划。)”可知，本文是为准备安排课程的教师写的，故选A。BKimbalMuskrecentlystartedtheMillionGardensMovement(MGM)tohelpfeedfamilies.Theorganizationaimstobecometheworld’slargestgardenercommunity,helpingtofightfoodinsecurity,whichaffectsmillionsglobally.ItallstartedwhenKimbalrealizedthatmanypeopleliveinfooddesertswheretheyhavenowaytobuyfreshfruitsandvegetables.Withthisinmind,hecametotheownerofModernFarmermagazine,FrankGiustra,andaskedhimtocooperateonthemassiveproject.WithKimbal’sexperienceingardeninginitiativescombinedwithFrank’sexperienceinfoodcharity,thetwojoinedforcestocreateMGM.Nomatterwheretheseedsareplanted,gettingfruitsandvegetablesistheultimategoal.Tomakeitsimpleforanyfamilytohaveagarden,thetwodecidedto“providethefamiliesthatneeditmostwithabeginner-friendlygardenkit”.CalledLittleGreenGardens,thekitscontainready-to-usefruitandvegetablegardenbeds.Asofnow,5,000gardenkitshavealreadybeendistributedtohelpfeedfamilies.Alongwiththetoolstogrowagarden,eachkitcontainsinstructionslikesoilpreparation,plantselection,plantingtechniquesandsoon.Franksaysthey’vereceivedapositiveresponsetotheirmission,whichismakingadifference.Morefamilieshaveimprovedtheirlifethroughit.Manycelebritieshavegottenonboardandbeenhelpingtospreadthemessage,usingtheirsocialmediaplatformstosharetheimportanceofgardening.“Themovementisaboutreconnectingtoourroots,torealfood,andtoapathtoasustainable,healthylifestyle.IwanttoinspirefamiliesacrossAmerica—eventheglobe—toexperiencethemagicofgrowingyourownfood.Wecanallhaveanincredibleinfluenceonthehealthandhappinessbygardeningmore,”saysKimbal.4.WhatinspiredKimbaltoinitiatetheMillionGardensMovement?A.Poorconditionsindeserts. B.Inaccessibilityoffreshfoodtopeople.C.Theproblemoffoodsafety. D.Hisexperienceingardeninginitiatives.5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutLittleGreenGardens?A.Theyaremeantforfarmers. B.Theycontainusableplantseeds.C.Theyareusedtostorefood. D.Theygiveguidanceongardening.6.Whydoestheauthormentioncelebrities?A.Topraisethesuccessofpromotion. B.Toencouragemorepeopletoengage.C.Toshowtheimpactofthemovement. D.Toprovetheimportanceofgardening.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeKimbal?A.Caringandambitious. B.Braveanddetermined.C.Innovativeandcareful. D.Adaptableandhelpful.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是金巴尔·马斯克发起“百万花园运动”（MGM）的相关情况。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ItallstartedwhenKimbalrealizedthatmanypeopleliveinfooddesertswheretheyhavenowaytobuyfreshfruitsandvegetables.Withthisinmind,hecametotheownerofModernFarmermagazine,FrankGiustra,andaskedhimtocooperateonthemassiveproject.WithKimbal’sexperienceingardeninginitiativescombinedwithFrank’sexperienceinfoodcharity,thetwojoinedforcestocreateMGM.(这一切始于Kimbal意识到，许多人生活在“食物荒漠”地区，根本无法买到新鲜果蔬。有鉴于此，他找到《现代农夫》杂志的老板弗兰克·朱斯特拉，邀请他共同开展这项宏大项目。金巴尔在园艺倡议方面经验丰富，弗兰克则在食物慈善领域颇有建树，两人一拍即合，携手创立了“百万花园运动”。)”可知，人们无法获得新鲜食物激励Kimbal发起百万花园运动。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“CalledLittleGreenGardens,thekitscontainready-to-usefruitandvegetablegardenbeds.Asofnow,5,000gardenkitshavealreadybeendistributedtohelpfeedfamilies.Alongwiththetoolstogrowagarden,eachkitcontainsinstructionslikesoilpreparation,plantselection,plantingtechniquesandsoon.(这些名为“小绿园”的工具套装包含即用型果蔬种植床。截至目前，已发放了5000套花园工具套装，用以养活家庭。每套工具除了配备种植花园所需的工具外，还附有土壤准备、植物选择、种植技巧等方面的说明。)”可知，LittleGreenGardens在园艺方面提供指导。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Franksaysthey’vereceivedapositiveresponsetotheirmission,whichismakingadifference.(弗兰克说，他们的使命得到了积极的回应，这正在产生影响。)”和“Manycelebritieshavegottenonboardandbeenhelpingtospreadthemessage,usingtheirsocialmediaplatformstosharetheimportanceofgardening.(许多名人也加入其中，利用自己的社交媒体平台宣传园艺的重要性，助力传播这一理念。)”可知，作者提到名人是为了展示这个活动的影响。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“KimbalMuskrecentlystartedtheMillionGardensMovement(MGM)tohelpfeedfamilies.Theorganizationaimstobecometheworld’slargestgardenercommunity,helpingtofightfoodinsecurity,whichaffectsmillionsglobally.(金巴尔·马斯克最近发起了“百万花园运动”，旨在帮助养活众多家庭。该组织的目标是成为全球最大的园艺爱好者社区，助力应对全球数以百万计人口面临的粮食不安全问题。)”可知，他是有爱心的；根据最后一段“IwanttoinspirefamiliesacrossAmerica—eventheglobe—toexperiencethemagicofgrowingyourownfood.(我想激励全美乃至全球的家庭体验自己种植食物的神奇之处。)”可知，他是有雄心的，因此可用caring和ambitious来描述他。故选A。CTheraceisontoreverse(彻底转变)globalbiodiversityloss.However,arecentreviewof400globalbusinessesbytheWorldBenchmarkingAlliancefoundthatjustfivepercenthaveanunderstandingofthetrueeffectsandconsequencesoftheiractionstonature.Researchershavealsohighlightedthechallengesfacedbyorganizationswhenitcomestodeliveringambitiousnature-positivetargets,particularlyintheabsenceofwidersystemschange.Theproblem,accordingtoSamSinclair,co-founderanddirectorofBiodiversify,isthatbiodiversitylacksonesimpaticostandardofassessmentandmeasurement.“Thevalueofbiodiversityissocontext-dependent.”Hegivestheexampleofanon-nativeUKspecies,whichshouldberemovedfromBritishwoodlandsbutisprotectedinitsnaturalEastHimalayanhabitat.Whenitcomestoimprovingacompany’simpactonbiodiversity,there’snoone-size-fits-allapproach.“Theamountofvariationbetweencompaniesisabsolutelyenormous,”saysSinclair.Thereisarangeofdifferentreasonswhyacompanywouldwanttoimproveitsrelationshipwithbiodiversity.“Companiesarenowwakinguptothefactthatiftheydon’tstopimpactingthesystemsonwhichtheydepend,theirbusinesseswillceasetooperate,”Sinclairexplains.Hepointstotheworld’scottonmarket,24percentofwhichcomesfromanextremelyclimate-sensitiveregionofIndia,asanexample.“Fromabusinessviewpoint,thelossofthatmarketwouldbeamajorproblem.”However,Sinclairsaysthat,fromhisexperience,alotofbusinesseshavetakentheissueveryseriouslyandgenuinelywanttodotherightthing.It’sunavoidable,saysSinclair,thatmistakeswillbemadeoverthenextfewyears.“Thespeedatwhichthisareaofsuitabilityhasprogressedisbreathtaking,especiallywhenyouconsiderthatittookus15yearstogettowherewearetodaywithcarbonemissions(排放).Wewerethefirstorganizationtopublishadetailedcorporatebiodiversitystrategyin2020.Now,fouryearson,companiesleft,rightandcentrearedoingitandthere’sanewbiodiversitystart-upeveryweek.”8.Whatdothefindingsshowaboutthe400businesses?A.Fewacttoprotecttheenvironment. B.Theyneedtochangemanagement.C.Mostdon’trealizetheirharmtonature. D.Theycan’tmeetenvironmentaltargets.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“simpatico”meaninparagraph2?A.Varied. B.Independent. C.Specific. D.Consistent.10.HowdoesSinclairfindthefutureofbiodiversity?A.It’spromising. B.It’sworrying. C.It’sunpredictable. D.It’sunstable.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Sustainablestart-upsontherise B.BiodiversitylossoutofcontrolC.Corporatecooperationindemand D.Nature-positiveeffortsunderway【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是全球企业在应对生物多样性丧失方面所做的努力、面临的挑战以及未来的发展趋势。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“However,arecentreviewof400globalbusinessesbytheWorldBenchmarkingAlliancefoundthatjustfivepercenthaveanunderstandingofthetrueeffectsandconsequencesoftheiractionstonature.(然而，世界基准联盟（WorldBenchmarkingAlliance）最近对400家全球企业进行的一项调查发现，只有5%的企业了解自己的行为对自然的真正影响和后果。)”可知，调查结果显示大多数企业没有意识到它们对自然的危害。故选C。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Hegivestheexampleofanon-nativeUKspecies,whichshouldberemovedfromBritishwoodlandsbutisprotectedinitsnaturalEastHimalayanhabitat.(他举了一个非英国本土物种的例子，这种物种应该从英国的林地中移除，但在东喜马拉雅的自然栖息地受到保护。)”可知，生物多样性缺乏一种统一的评估和测量标准，划线词simpatico的意思是“一致的”，和consistent意思相近。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thespeedatwhichthisareaofsuitabilityhasprogressedisbreathtaking,especiallywhenyouconsiderthatittookus15yearstogettowherewearetodaywithcarbonemissions(排放).Wewerethefirstorganizationtopublishadetailedcorporatebiodiversitystrategyin2020.Now,fouryearson,companiesleft,rightandcentrearedoingitandthere’sanewbiodiversitystart-upeveryweek.(这一适宜领域（此处指生物多样性相关领域）的发展速度令人惊叹，尤其是考虑到我们在碳排放问题上达到如今的水平花了15年时间。2020年，我们机构率先发布了一份详细的企业生物多样性战略。如今，四年过去了，各行各业的公司都在开展相关工作，而且每周都有新的生物多样性初创企业涌现。)”可知，Sinclair觉得生物多样性的未来是有前途的。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Thespeedatwhichthisareaofsuitabilityhasprogressedisbreathtaking,especiallywhenyouconsiderthatittookus15yearstogettowherewearetodaywithcarbonemissions(排放).Wewerethefirstorganizationtopublishadetailedcorporatebiodiversitystrategyin2020.Now,fouryearson,companiesleft,rightandcentrearedoingitandthere’sanewbiodiversitystart-upeveryweek.(这一适宜领域（此处指生物多样性相关领域）的发展速度令人惊叹，尤其是考虑到我们在碳排放问题上达到如今的水平花了15年时间。2020年，我们机构率先发布了一份详细的企业生物多样性战略。如今，四年过去了，各行各业的公司都在开展相关工作，而且每周都有新的生物多样性初创企业涌现。)”可知，本文主要讲的是全球企业在应对生物多样性丧失方面所做的努力、面临的挑战以及未来的发展趋势，因此最好的题目是D选项“Nature-positiveeffortsunderway(致力于促进自然向好的行动正在开展)”，故选D。DThemakersofsomebrain-monitoringheadsetsandotherconsumerneurotechnology(神经技术)devicesmaynothaveenoughprivacyanddata-sharingpolicies.Ananalysisofthesecompanies’policiesshowsmanygatherusers’neuraldataandmaintaintherighttoshareorselltheinformationwithoutadditionalpermissionfromusers.ThefindingscomefromareportbytheNeurorightsFoundationinNewYork.Itlookedat30companiesthatsellneurotechdevicesorservicesdirectlytoconsumerswithpromisedbenefits.“Ourpositionisthatbraindataisatleastassensitiveaspersonalhealthdata,”saysRafaelYuste,co-founderoftheNeurorightsFoundation.“Whyshouldpeoplebeokayaboutsharingbraindatathatcanbedecoded(解码)?”TheNeurorightsFoundationfoundthat29ofthe30companiescouldaccesscustomers’neuraldatawithoutpropersharinglimits.Two-thirdsallowedforthesharingofcustomerdata,almostanotherthirdleftthisunclear,andjustonecompanyspecificallysaiditwouldn’t.Furthermore,only12ofthe30companiesgavecustomersboththerighttowithdrawpermissionfordataprocessingandtherighttorequestdatadeletion.Amongfirmscontactedforcomment,afewpushedbackonthefoundation’sreport.TheSweden-basedcompanyFlowNeurosciencetoldNewScientistthatitdoesn’tcollectanyneuraldata.AndTreAzam,founderoftheUK-basedcompanyMyndPlay,saiditneverhasaccesstoorstores“brainwavedataoranyotherdata”fromcustomers.Headdedthatthefirm’ssoftwarerunslocallyondeviceswithoutsendinganyinformationtocloudcomputingservers.TheproblemistheabsenceofUSgovernmentregulations,saysYuste,incomparisonwiththedataprivacyprotectionsoftheEuropeanUnion.Butthatcouldbechanging:ColoradobecamethefirstUSstatetoaddprivacyprotectionsforbraindata.TheNeurorightsFoundationdescribeditasa“gamechanger”.Italsoservedasabeginningandinspiration,saysYuste.12.WhatdidtheNeurorightsFoundationreportfocuson?A.Riskofgettingdatafrombrains. B.Neurotechexperiencesofusers.C.Securityofcollectedbraindata. D.Unseendata-processingpolicies.13.Whydoestheauthorlistthefiguresinparagraph3?A.Toguaranteeusers’fundamentalrights. B.Toproveinsufficiencyofprivacypolicies.C.Todrawreaders’attentiontobraindata. D.Torevealillegalitiesofcertaincompanies.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Consequencesofpoorregulation. B.Examplesoftrustworthycompanies.C.Challengesofneurotechdevelopment. D.Disagreementsfromthebusinesses.15.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.TheUSgovernment’screativemoves. B.Moreupcomingbraindataprotections.C.TheEuropeanUnion’sprivacypolicies. D.Moreproblemswithneurotechdevices.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了消费级神经技术设备在隐私和数据共享政策方面存在的问题，以及相关应对举措。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Themakersofsomebrain-monitoringheadsetsandotherconsumerneurotechnology(神经技术)devicesmaynothaveenoughprivacyanddata-sharingpolicies.Ananalysisofthesecompanies’policiesshowsmanygatherusers’neuraldataandmaintaintherighttoshareorselltheinformationwithoutadditionalpermissionfromusers.(一些脑监测头戴设备及其他消费级神经技术设备的制造商，可能在隐私和数据共享政策方面存在不足。对这些公司政策的分析显示，许多公司收集用户的神经数据，并保留在未经用户额外许可的情况下共享或出售这些信息的权利)”和第二段“ThefindingscomefromareportbytheNeurorightsFoundationinNewYork.(这些发现来自纽约NeurorightsFoundation的一份报告)”可知，NeurorightsFoundation的报告关注的是未被关注的数据处理政策。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“TheNeurorightsFoundationfoundthat29ofthe30companiescouldaccesscustomers’neuraldatawithoutpropersharinglimits.Two-thirdsallowedforthesharingofcustomerdata,almostanotherthirdleftthisunclear,andjustonecompanyspecificallysaiditwouldn’t.Furthermore,only12ofthe30companiesgavecustomersboththerighttowithdrawpermissionfordataprocessingandtherighttorequestdatadeletion.(NeurorightsFoundation发现，30家公司中有29家能够在没有适当共享限制的情况下获取客户的神经数据。其中三分之二的公司允许共享客户数据，近三分之一的公司对此未作明确说明，只有一家公司明确表示不会共享。此外，30家公司中只有12家同时赋予了客户撤回数据处理许可和请求删除数据的权利)”可推知，作者在第三段列出这些数字是为了证明隐私政策的不足。故选B。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Amongfirmscontactedforcomment,afewpushedbackonthefoundation’sreport.TheSweden-basedcompanyFlowNeurosciencetoldNewScientistthatitdoesn’tcollectanyneuraldata.AndTreAzam,founderoftheUK-basedcompanyMyndPlay,saiditneverhasaccesstoorstores“brainwavedataoranyotherdata”fromcustomers.(在被联系征求意见的公司中，有几家对基金会的报告提出了异议。瑞典的FlowNeuroscience公司告诉《新科学家》杂志，该公司不收集任何神经数据。英国MyndPlay公司的创始人TreAzam表示，该公司从未获取或存储过客户的“脑电波数据或任何其他数据”)”可知，第四段主要讲的是企业方面的不同意见。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butthatcouldbechanging:ColoradobecamethefirstUSstatetoaddprivacyprotectionsforbraindata.TheNeurorightsFoundationdescribeditasa“gamechanger”.Italsoservedasabeginningandinspiration,saysYuste.(但这种情况可能正在改变：科罗拉多州成为美国第一个为大脑数据增加隐私保护的州。NeurorightsFoundation称这一举措具有“变革性”。尤斯特还表示，它也起到了开端和启发的作用)”可推知，作者接下来可能会继续谈论更多即将出台的大脑数据保护措施。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtostartrockclimbingWhetheryouwatched“FreeSolo”ortheParisOlympics,youmightbewonderinghowtostartrockclimbing.____16____Therearegymsandoutdoorareasavailableeverywhere.Andatitsmostbasiclevel,rockclimbingiswhatyou’dexpect.Youputonspecialshoes,dustyourhandswithchalkandclimbrocks,whetherthey’remadeofplasticorsandstone.“Thiscantranslatefromshortclimbsofonlyafewfeetthattakemeresecondsintolongroutesthattakeweeks,”saysJamesLucas,adecades-longclimber.Regardlessofthetypeofclimb,thegoalistoreachsomepredeterminedendpoint.Inthegym,that’seitherthefinalholdorthetopoftheclimbingwall.____17____Sometimescompletingataskmightmeanclimbingontopofacliff(峭壁).Othertimesyou’llsimplyreachthefinalholdofaclimb,notunlikethegym._____18_____Justasarunnermighttrytoshavesecondsofftheirmiletime,climbersmeasureprogressbypushinghigherandhigherclimbinggrades.TherearedifferentclimbingratingsystemsforrockclimbingandropeclimbingandevensomevariationsbetweentheUSandEurope.Ifyouassumethissoundslikeanindividualsport,you’dberight.____19____Climbersareconstantlysharing,encouragingoneanotherandtrainingtogether.“Aslongasyouapproachitwithanopenmindandmaintainapositiveandfriendlymanneraroundotherclimbers,Idonotdoubtyou’llexperiencethesameinreturn,”saysCarloTraversi,aprofessionalclimber.“MostpeopleIknowhavemetmostoftheirbestfriendsandsignificantothersthroughclimbing.____20____”A.Butitdoesn’tfeelthatway.B.Outside,thefinishislessobvious.C.Theexpertshavegiveninstructions.D.Climbsreceiveasetgradebasedonthedifficulty.E.Gettingintorockclimbingiseasierthanyouthink.F.Thefunliesindiscoveringhowtocompletearoute.G.Ittendstobeasupportiveandcommunity-focusedactivity.【答案】16.E17.B18.D19.A20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何开始攀岩。【16题详析】开头“Whetheryouwatched“FreeSolo”ortheParisOlympics,youmightbewonderinghowtostartrockclimbing.(无论你是看了《徒手攀岩》，还是关注了巴黎奥运会，你可能都想知道如何开始攀岩)”提到看了相关影片后可能想知道如何开始攀岩，后文“Therearegymsandoutdoorareasavailableeverywhere.Andatitsmostbasiclevel,rockclimbingiswhatyou’dexpect.Youputonspecialshoes,dustyourhandswithchalkandclimbrocks,whetherthey’remadeofplasticorsandstone.(到处都有攀岩的健身房和户外场地。从最基础层面来说，攀岩就是你所想象的那样。你穿上特制的鞋子，在手上抹上防滑粉，然后攀爬岩石，无论这些岩石是塑料材质的还是砂岩材质的)”说到处都是攀岩的健身房和户外区域，且攀岩基本就是穿上特殊鞋子、手上抹粉去攀爬，这都说明攀岩是很容易开展的，E选项“Gettingintorockclimbingiseasierthanyouthink.(攀岩比你想象的要容易)”说明了攀岩是很容易的，承上启下，符合语境，故选E。【17题详析】空前“Inthegym,that’seitherthefinalholdorthetopoftheclimbingwall.(在健身房里，终点要么是最后一个抓点，要么是攀岩墙的顶部)”说明的是在健身房里攀岩的目标是什么，空格处应该说在室外的目标是什么，B选项“Outside,thefinishislessobvious.(在户外，终点不那么明显)”说明的是在户外的目标不是很明显，和后文的“Sometimescompletingataskmightmeanclimbingontopofacliff(峭壁).Othertimesyou’llsimplyreachthefinalholdofaclimb,notunlikethegym.(有时，完成一项任务可能意味着要攀爬到悬崖顶端。而其他时候，你只需像在健身房里一样，到达攀爬路线的最后一个抓点即可)”具体的终点契合，符合语境，故选B。【18题详析】空后“Justasarunnermighttrytoshavesecondsofftheirmiletime,climbersmeasureprogressbypushinghigherandhigherclimbinggrades.TherearedifferentclimbingratingsystemsforrockclimbingandropeclimbingandevensomevariationsbetweentheUSandEurope.(就像跑步者可能会努力缩短每英里的用时一样，攀岩者通过挑战越来越高的攀岩等级来衡量自己的进步。攀岩和绳索攀岩有不同的攀岩评级系统，甚至美国和欧洲的评级系统也存在一些差异)”主要介绍的是攀岩的评级系统，D选项“Climbsreceiveasetgradebasedonthedifficulty.(攀岩路线会根据难度设定一个固定等级)”说明攀岩也有等级评定的办法，引出后文的评级系统，符合语境，故选D。【19题详析】空前“Ifyouassumethissoundslikeanindividualsport,you’dberight.(如果你觉得攀岩是一项个人运动，那你说得没错)”说明攀岩可以被认为是个人运动，空后“Climbersareconstantlysharing,encouragingoneanotherandtrainingtogether.(攀岩者们不断分享经验、互相鼓励，还一起训练)”说明了攀岩也是涉及互动的，和前面的“个人运动”相反，A选项“Butitdoesn’tfeelthatway.(但感觉并非如此)”中的but表转折，因此后文和“个人运动”相反的内容，符合语境，故选A。【20题详析】空前“MostpeopleIknowhavemetmostoftheirbestfriendsandsignificantothersthroughclimbing.(我认识的大多数人，他们大多数最好的朋友和重要的另一半都是通过攀岩结识的)”说明了攀岩可以帮助人交友，G选项“Ittendstobeasupportiveandcommunity-focusedactivity.(它往往是一种支持性的、以社区为中心的活动)”说明了攀岩是以社区为中心的活动，与前文说的可以结交好友一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Manyyearsago,IworkedatamusicstoreinCalifornia.IhadthefreedomtoplaymusicofmychoicewhenIwas____21____.Oneday,IchosetoplayHawaiian____22____.Themusicfloatedoutofthestoreandontothestreet,whereI____23____twoelderlypeople.Isawthe____24____wife,seatedinawheelchair,swaying(摇摆)totherhythm,whilethehusbandstoodbesideher,smilingwithtears.Curiously,Ithenwalkedoutandapproachedthe____25____“Iseverythingokay?”Iasked.“We’refine.Mywifeunexpectedly____26____themusic,”thehusbandreplied.“Weare____27____fromHawaii,butwe’vebeenlivinghereforyears.Mywifehasdementia(痴呆),sosheisn’talways____28____ofhersurroundings.____29____,whensheheardthefolkmusic,sherecognizeditandstartedtoswayandsmile,”headded.____30____bytheirstory,IfeltanoverwhelmingurgetoofferhimtheCDasapresent.“Please,takeit.”Iinsisted.Hewastakenaback,mentioningtheCDwasrareandinsistingon____31____thecost.Iassuredhimthatitwasmypleasureto____32____ittothem.Fromthatdayon,thehusbandbecamea(n)____33____visitortothestore.Hewouldbringhiswifealong.Whenevershewasthere,Iwouldplaythegreatmusic,andhereyeswould____34____withthesamesmile.Itwasnotacureforherdisease,buta(n)____35____forhersoul.Iwasgratefultobetheonewhocouldprovideherwithmomentsofjoythroughthepowerofmusic.21.A.onduty B.indemand C.atrisk D.undercontrol22.A.toys B.tunes C.instruments D.games23.A.greeted B.asked C.noticed D.approached24.A.energetic B.talkative C.frightened D.disabled25.A.league B.couple C.staff D.team26.A.spotted B.recorded C.tolerated D.composed27.A.impossibly B.unwillingly C.originally D.eventually28.A.aware B.proud C.ashamed D.confident29.A.Still B.Thus C.Otherwise D.Nevertheless30.A.Expected B.Moved C.Annoyed D.Confused31.A.charging B.withdrawing C.covering D.rejecting32.A.gift B.lend C.deliver D.sell33.A.rare B.regular C.odd D.occasional34.A.putup B.doup C.hideup D.lightup35.A.horror B.disturbance C.awakening D.inspection【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.A29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者在音乐店工作时，通过播放夏威夷音乐帮助一位患有痴呆症的老妇人找回片刻快乐的感人故事。【21题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我值班的时候，有自由播放我选择的音乐。A.onduty值班；B.indemand有需求；C.atrisk有风险；D.undercontrol在控制之下。根据上文的“Manyyearsago,IworkedatamusicstoreinCalifornia.”可知，作者在音乐商店工作，所以是值班的时候能播放自己选择的音乐。故选A项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我选择播放夏威夷曲调。A.toys玩具；B.tunes曲调；C.instruments乐器；D.games游戏。根据上文的“IhadthefreedomtoplaymusicofmychoicewhenIwas_______.”可知，作者可以自由的播放选择的音乐，由此可知，此处指的是播放夏威夷“曲调”符合语境。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：音乐从商店飘到街上，在那里我注意到了两位老人。A.greeted打招呼；B.asked问；C.noticed注意到；D.approached接近。根据下文的“Isawthe________wife,seatedinawheelchair,swaying(摇摆)totherhythm,whilethehusbandstoodbesideher,smilingwithtears.”可知，作者看到两位老人听到音乐有着不同的回应，由此可知，此处指的是作者“注意到”了两位老人。故选C项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到残疾的妻子坐在轮椅上，随着节奏摇摆，而丈夫站在她旁边，含着泪微笑。A.energetic精力充沛的；B.talkative健谈的；C.frightened害怕的；D.disabled残疾的。根据下文的“seatedinawheelchair”可知，妻子坐在轮椅上，所以是残疾的。故选D项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，我走出去，走近这对夫妇。A.league联盟；B.couple夫妇；C.staff员工；D.team团队。根据上文“Themusicfloatedoutofthestoreandontothestreet,whereI________twoelderlypeople.”可知，音乐飘到街上，作者注意到两位老人，结合下文的“Iseverythingokay?”可知，此处指的是作者走近这对夫妇。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：丈夫回答说：“我们很好。我的妻子意外地注意到了音乐。”A.spotted注意到；B.recorded记录；C.tolerated容忍；D.composed创作。根据上文的“Isawthe________wife,seatedinawheelchair,swaying(摇摆)totherhythm,whilethehusbandstoodbesideher,smilingwithtears.”可知，作者看到残疾的妻子随着音乐节奏在摇摆，由此可推断，此处指的是妻子意外地“注意到”了音乐。故选A项。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们原本来自夏威夷，但我们已经在这里住了很多年。我的妻子患有痴呆症，所以她并不总是能意识到周围的环境。然而，当她听到民间音乐时，她认出了它，开始摇摆并微笑，”他补充道。A.impossibly不可能地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.originally最初，原本；D.eventually最终。根据下文的“butwe’vebeenlivinghereforyears”可知，他们在这里住了很多年了，由此可推断，此处指的是他们原本来自夏威夷。故选C项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们原本来自夏威夷，但我们已经在这里住了很多年。我的妻子患有痴呆症，所以她并不总是能意识到周围的环境。然而，当她听到民间音乐时，她认出了它，开始摇摆并微笑，”他补充道。A.aware意识到的；B.proud骄傲的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.confident自信的。根据下文的“Mywifehasdementia(痴呆)”可知，妻子患有痴呆症，所以并不总是能“意识到”周围的环境，beawareof意为“意识到”。故选A项。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们原本来自夏威夷，但我们已经在这里住了很多年。我的妻子患有痴呆症，所以她并不总是能意识到周围的环境。然而，当她听到民间音乐时，她认出了它，开始摇摆并微笑，”他补充道。A.Still仍然；B.Thus因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.Nevertheless然而。根据上文的“Mywifehasdementia(痴R),sosheisn’talways________ofhersurroundings.”以及下文的“whensheheardthefolkmusic,sherecognizeditandstartedtoswayandsmile”可知，妻子平时意识不到周围环境，但听到音乐有反应，是转折关系。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：被他们的故事感动，我强烈地想把这张CD作为礼物送给他。A.Expected期望；B.Moved感动；C.Annoyed恼怒；D.Confused困惑。根据语境以及下文的“IfeltanoverwhelmingurgetoofferhimtheCDasapresent.”可知，作者的一个无意之举，让患有老年痴呆的老人有了意识，并对着音乐摇摆起来，由此可知，此处指的是作者被他们的故事感动，所以想送CD作为礼物。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很惊讶，提到这张CD很稀有，并坚持支付费用。A.charging收费；B.withdrawing取出；C.covering支付；D.rejecting拒