江苏常州市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末质量调研英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏常州市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末质量调研英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，共37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADiscoveryPassWithaNSWTrainLinkDiscoveryPass,youcan•getunlimitedbookedtraveltomorethan365destinationsontheNSWTrainLinkRegionaltrainandcoachnetwork•chooseapassthatsuitsyourtravelplans:14days,onemonth,threemonthsorsixmonths•chooseaclassoftravelthatsuitsyourstyle:EconomyorFirstClass(Premium).PleasenotethatyoucannotbookachildticketonlinewithaDiscoveryPass.Youwillinsteadneedtocall132232orvisitasalesagent.Beforepurchasingapass,pleasereadtherelevanttermsandrules.ANSWTrainLinkDiscoveryPassisnon-refundableanditcannotbeassignedtoanotherperson.PricesPasstype14days1month3months6monthsAdultEconomy$232$275$298$420AdultPremium$300$350$400$550ChildEconomy$121$143$154$220ChildPremium$154$176$220$275HowtopurchaseapassandbooktripsStep1:PurchaseaDiscoveryPassChooseatimelimitandclassoftravelthatsuitsyourneeds.Step2:BookyourtripsAfteryoupurchaseaDiscoveryPass,youhaveuptoonemonthtobookyourfirsttrip.Thetimelimitonyourpasswillstartfromthedeparturedateofyourfirstbookedtrip.Alltripsmustbebookedandtakenbeforetheexpiry(到期)dateindicatedonthepass.Youmustbookeachtripbeforeyoutravel.Findoutmoreaboutwaystobookyourticket?Visitourwebsite:https://tickets-opal/regional-tickets-fares/ways-to-book-your-ticket1.YoucanuseaNSWTrainLinkDiscoveryPassto______.A.bookachildticketonline B.chooseaclassoftravelthatsuitsyouC.chooseaweekly,monthlyoryearlypass D.getbookedtraveltounlimiteddestinations2.Ifamotherwithachildwantstobuyaone-monthNSWTrainLinkDiscoveryPassforEconomyClass,sheshouldpay.A.$353 B.$418 C.$693 D.$8763.WhatcanweknowaboutaNSWTrainLinkDiscoveryPass?A.Apasscanbegiventoanotherperson.B.ApasscanberefundedtoNSWTrains.C.Thetimelimitonapassstartsfromthedayofyourpurchase.D.Youshouldbookyourfirsttripwithinonemonthafteryourpurchase.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个名为NSWTrainLinkDiscoveryPass的火车票服务。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“•chooseaclassoftravelthatsuitsyourstyle:EconomyorFirstClass(Premium).(•选择适合自己风格的舱位：经济舱或头等舱（高级舱）)”可知，你可以使用NSWTrainLinkDiscoveryPass来选择适合你的旅行等级。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Prices表格中“1month”部分中可知，成人经济舱是$275，儿童经济舱是$143，故如果一位带孩子的母亲想买一张为期一个月的NSWTrainLink经济舱通票，她需要支付275+143=418美元。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Step2:Bookyourtrips部分中“AfteryoupurchaseaDiscoveryPass,youhaveuptoonemonthtobookyourfirsttrip.(购买探索通行证后，您最多有一个月的时间来预订您的第一次旅行)”可知，关于NSWTrainLinkDiscoveryPass，你应该在购买后一个月内预订你的第一次旅行。故选D。BCaiLei,formervice-presidentofJDGroup,revealshowamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)diagnosis(诊断)sethimonthepathtofindacure.Borntoafarmer’sfamilyin1978,Caihasbeendeeplyinfluencedbyhisfather’sideathat“onehastofightforhimself”.Sinceprimaryschool,hehasbeengettingupbefore5amtorunandstudyEnglish.At29,CaibecamechieftaxmanagerinVankeCo.In2011,hejoinedJDGroup,whereheledhisteamtodevelopthefirstelectronicinvoice(发票)inChina.Whereverheworked,healwaystriedhisbesttocreatenewvalue.DiagnosedwithALSin2019,hewouldhaveonlytwotofiveyearstolive.ALSisusuallycausedbythegradualdeathofmotorneurons(神经元),whichmakesnormallyeasymovementslikedrinkingwater,eating,goingtothebathroom,andspeakingimpossible.Finally,patientswillcompletelyrelyonmachinesandothers’helptosurvive.Sofar,onlytwomedicinesareavailabletotreatALS,buttheycanatmostextendpatients’lifeforseveralmonthswithoutimprovingtheirlivingquality.TodevelopeffectivedrugsistheonlywaytosaveALSpatients.However,theintenseeffortrequired,whichisunprofitableforsorareanillness,makesitamissionalmostimpossible.Itusuallytakes10-15yearstocompletetheresearchcycleforanewdrugandthecostis$1-3billion.TakeAlzheimer’sdiseaseforexample.Between2000and2017,investmentinnewdrugsforthismorecommondiseasewasover$600billion,and99.6%oftheresearchonmorethan300drugsfailed.Caidecidedtotakemattersintohisownhands.Hestartedhisownmedicaltechnologycompany,builthisownresearchteam,andvolunteeredtotrymorethan30newmedicineswhichallfailed.However,hehasdecidedthatevenifalleffortsprovefruitless,hewillcontinue.Toshootthelastbullet,hehasdecidedtodonatehisbrainandspinalcordforscientificresearch.Hewillnotdiefornothing.4.WhatkindofpersonisCaiLei?A.Extremelyambitiousandwell-mannered. B.Quitereliableandclear-headed.C.Highlymotivatedandstrong-willed. D.Wellinformedandwarm-hearted.5.WhatmighthappentopeoplediagnosedwithALS?A.Maintaininganormallifebytakingmedicines.B.Losingtheabilitytothinkandspeaknormally.C.Needingexternalassistancetosurviveintheend.D.Dyingwithinmonthsofaconfirmeddiagnosis.6.WhyisAlzheimer’sdiseasementionedinparagraph4?A.ToproveAlzheimertobeacommondisease.B.TotalkabouttheseverityofAlzheimer.C.ToaskformoreinvestmentintheresearchonALS.D.ToexplainthedifficultyoffindingacureforALS.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Amanwhonevergivesin. B.JointeffortstofightALS.C.ASL,araredeadlydisease. D.SufferingofamanwithALS.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了京东集团前副总裁蔡磊在得知自己患上渐冻症后，决心找到治愈方法的故事，展现了他高度的积极性和坚强的意志。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Sinceprimaryschool,hehasbeengettingupbefore5amtorunandstudyEnglish.At29,CaibecamechieftaxmanagerinVankeCo.In2011,hejoinedJDGroup,whereheledhisteamtodevelopthefirstelectronicinvoiceinChina.Whereverheworked,healwaystriedhisbesttocreatenewvalue.(从小学开始，他就每天早上5点前起床跑步、学习英语。29岁时，蔡磊成为万科公司税务总监。2011年，他加入京东集团，在那里他带领团队开发了中国第一张电子发票。无论在哪里工作，他总是尽力创造新的价值。)”和最后一段“Hestartedhisownmedicaltechnologycompany,builthisownresearchteam,andvolunteeredtotrymorethan30newmedicineswhichallfailed.However,hehasdecidedthatevenifalleffortsprovefruitless,hewillcontinue.Toshootthelastbullet,hehasdecidedtodonatehisbrainandspinalcordforscientificresearch.(他创办了自己的医疗科技公司，组建了自己的研究团队，并自愿尝试了30多种新药，但都以失败告终。然而，他决定，即使所有的努力都证明是徒劳的，他也将继续下去。为了射出最后一颗子弹，他决定将自己的大脑和脊髓捐献给科学研究。)”可知，蔡磊从小努力上进，工作中积极创造价值，被确诊渐冻症后，积极寻求治疗办法，即使尝试新药失败，也决定继续下去，还要捐献大脑和脊髓用于科学研究，这说明他积极性很高且意志坚强。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ALSisusuallycausedbythegradualdeathofmotorneurons(神经元),whichmakesnormallyeasymovementslikedrinkingwater,eating,goingtothebathroom,andspeakingimpossible.Finally,patientswillcompletelyrelyonmachinesandothers’helptosurvive..(渐冻症通常是由运动神经元的逐渐死亡引起的，这使得喝水、吃饭、上厕所和说话等通常容易的动作变得不可能。最后，患者将完全依赖机器和他人的帮助来生存。)”可知，被诊断为渐冻症的人最终需要外部帮助才能生存。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Itusuallytakes10-15yearstocompletetheresearchcycleforanewdrugandthecostis1−3billion.TakeAlzheimer’sdiseaseforexample.Between2000and2017,investmentinnewdrugsforthismorecommondiseasewasover600billion,and99.6%oftheresearchonmorethan300drugsfailed.(开发一种新药通常需要10-15年的时间，成本为10-30亿美元。以阿尔茨海默病为例。2000年至2017年间，对这种更常见疾病的新药投资超过6000亿美元，对300多种药物的研究中，99.6%以失败告终。)”可知，第四段提到阿尔茨海默病是为了解释找到治愈渐冻症的方法有多难。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了京东集团前副总裁蔡磊在得知自己患上渐冻症后，决心找到治愈方法的故事，展现了他高度的积极性和坚强的意志，选项A“一个永不屈服的人”最适合作为本文标题。故选A。CAformofgenetherapythatisalreadybeingtrialledinpatientswithParkinson’sdiseasemightprovideatreatmentforseverealcoholaddiction.Alcoholmisuseisthebiggestriskfactorfordeath,disabilityandillhealthamongpeopleaged15to49intheUK,responsiblefor9,641deathsduring2021.Likeotheraddictivesubstances,alcoholtriggersthereleaseofafeelgoodchemicalinthebraincalleddopamine.However,long-termdrinkingdecreasesdopaminerelease,andpeoplewhoareaddictedtoalcoholdon’ttendtofeelpleasureindrinkingitanymore.“Itseemsthatthey’redrinkingmorebecausetheyfeelaneedtomaintainadrunkstate,”saidProfKathleenGrantatOregonHealthandScienceUniversity.Theideaofthegenetherapywastotrytoresetthisdopaminerewardpathwaybyenhancingthefunctionofbraincellsthatsynthesizedopamine.Likehumans,somemacaquemonkeysaremorelikelytodrinkheavilythanothers:ifyoubegintoofferthemthechoiceof5%alcoholalongsidetheirregularfoodandwater,somemonkeyswilleventuallyalmostalwayschoosethealcohol.Grantandhercolleagueswonderedwhetherresettingtheirdopaminerewardpathwaysmightcontaintheirdesiretodrinkalcohol.Todothis,theyusedaharmlessvirustodeliverthegeneforaproteincalledglial-derivedneurotrophicfactor(GDNF)toanareaofthebrainthatisinvolvedinaddictionandreward.“Wetargetedthecellbodiesthatproducedopaminewiththisgenetoincreasedopaminesynthesis,thussupplementingorrestoringwhatlong-termdrinkinghastakenaway,”Grantsaid.Theresearch,whichwaspublishedinNatureMedicine,foundthatthemacaquespermanentlystartedoverexpressingdopamineanddecreasedtheiralcoholconsumptionbyupto90%.“Weareenteringaneraofgenetherapyforneurologicaldisordersandperhapsmentaldisorders,andIthinkthisstudyisverypromisinginthatdirection.”Grantsaid.Sheaddedthatanimalstudiesareneededbeforethetechniquecouldbetestedonhumans.Also,becausethegenetherapyprocedureinvolvesbrainsurgery,itwouldprobablyonlyeverbeusedinthemostseverecasesofalcoholaddiction.8.Whydoseverealcoholaddictsdrinkmore?A.Becausetheylongfordesiredpleasure.B.Becausetheyhaveaformofgenedefect.C.Becausetheywanttoescapefromreality.D.Becausetheysufferfromdeadlydisability.9.Theunderlinedword“synthesize”inparagraph3canbestbereplacedby________.A.Stimulate. B.Produce. C.Charge. D.Delay.10.WhatdidGrant’sstudyfocuson?A.Thelifehabitofmacaquemonkeys.B.Thewaytocontrolalcoholaddiction.C.Theworkingmechanismofdopamine.D.ThefunctionoftheproteincalledGDNF.11.WhatdidGrantsuggestaboutthegenetherapy?A.Employittotreatseverealcoholaddictiononly.B.Replaceitwithmoreefficientmethodsifnecessary.C.Confirmitseffectivenesswithmoretestsonhumans.D.Putitintowidespreaduseonothercommonspecies.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种已经在帕金森氏症患者身上进行试验的基因疗法可能为严重的酒精成瘾提供治疗。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Likeotheraddictivesubstances,alcoholtriggersthereleaseofafeelgoodchemicalinthebraincalleddopamine.However,long-termdrinkingdecreasesdopaminerelease,andpeoplewhoareaddictedtoalcoholdon’ttendtofeelpleasureindrinkingitanymore.“Itseemsthatthey’redrinkingmorebecausetheyfeelaneedtomaintainadrunkstate,”saidProfKathleenGrantatOregonHealthandScienceUniversity.”（像其他成瘾物质一样，酒精会引发大脑释放一种叫做多巴胺的感觉良好的化学物质。然而，长期饮酒会减少多巴胺的释放，而且嗜酒的人往往不会再从饮酒中感到快乐。俄勒冈健康与科学大学的凯瑟琳·格兰特教授说：“似乎他们喝得更多是因为他们觉得有必要保持醉酒状态。”）可推知，重度嗜酒者喝得更多是因为他们渴望想要的快乐。故选A项。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“Theideaofthegenetherapywastotrytoresetthisdopaminerewardpathwaybyenhancingthefunctionofbraincells…”（基因疗法的想法是试图通过增强……脑细胞的功能来重置多巴胺奖励通路。）由此可知，此处为通过增强合成多巴胺的脑细胞的功能。故可猜测划线单词synthesize为“合成”的意思，结合选项B项Produce“生产，产生”意思一致。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Grantandhercolleagueswonderedwhetherresettingtheirdopaminerewardpathwaysmightcontaintheirdesiretodrinkalcohol.Todothis,theyusedaharmlessvirustodeliverthegeneforaproteincalledglial-derivedneurotrophicfactor(GDNF)toanareaofthebrainthatisinvolvedinaddictionandreward.”（格兰特和她的同事们想知道，重置多巴胺奖励通路是否会抑制他们喝酒的欲望。为了做到这一点，他们使用了一种无害的病毒，将一种叫做神经胶质源性神经营养因子(GDNF)的蛋白质基因传递到大脑中与成瘾和奖励有关的区域。）可知，格兰特的研究重点是控制酒瘾的方法。故选B项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Also,becausethegenetherapyprocedureinvolvesbrainsurgery,itwouldprobablyonlyeverbeusedinthemostseverecasesofalcoholaddiction.”（此外，由于基因治疗过程涉及脑部手术，它可能只会用于最严重的酒精成瘾病例。）可知，格兰特对基因疗法的建议是仅用于治疗严重的酒精成瘾。故选A项。DNow,artificialintelligence(AI)iscomingforthemostattractiveandexcitingjobs.StarsmayworrythatAIisstealingtheirworkandgivinglesstalentedperformerstheskillstotakeawaytheiraudience.Infact,thefamousindividualscomplainingthemostloudlyaboutthenewtechnologyaretheoneswhostandtobenefitthemost.Farfromweakeningstarpower,AIwillmakethebiggestcelebritiesbiggerthaneverbyallowingthemtobeinallmarkets,inalltypesofmedia,atalltimes.Thisisn’tthefirsttimethattechnologyhaschangedtherulesofthefamegame.Peoplestartedtalkingaboutstarsinthe18thcenturywhenthewidespreadaccesstoreadingmaterialsmadeitpossibletobetrulyfamouswithinyourlifetime.Filmandradiooriginallyseemedlikeathreattostars,whoworriedtheirliveperformanceswouldbedevalued.Infact,thosetechnologiesstartedtheeraofthesuperstar,atermthatcaughtoninthe1920s.Asimilarworrygreetedtheinventionoftelevision.Butagain,thenewtechmadethefamousevenmoreso,bringingthemintoeverylivingroom.AsAI-generatedcontentfloodsintotheentertainmentbusiness,artistsandentertainmentprofessionalsareworryingoncemorethattheirfamewillbereduced—andagain,theoutcomeislikelytobetheopposite.Theseopportunitiescomewithconditionsattached.Artistsarerighttoworryaboutcopyright,whichmustbeprotectedifAIisnottobecomealegalisedformofpiracy.Untilthesecopyrightconcernsareaddressed,AIwillbealegalWildWest.Thebiggerquestionishowtheageoftheall-aroundsuperstarwillappealtoaudiences.Theriskisboredom.AIisbrilliantatremixingandrepeatingoldmaterialbutlessgoodatcreatingexcitingcontentthat,fornow,remainsahumanspecialty.Yettheentertainmentmarketishighlyself-correcting.Audienceshavethepowertoturnahothitintoahas-beenoneinaninstant,asstarsarealltooaware.WhileAI-poweredentertainmentgrows,consumersstillseemtoenjoyhumandrama.Sport,perhapsthemostAI-proof,real-lifeeventthereis,hasseenitsvaluetomediacompaniesriseinrecentyears.12.Whatistheprimaryconcernofstarsinparagraph1?A.TheinabilitytomasterAI. B.Thelowleveloftheiractingskills.C.Thedeclineintheirpopularity. D.Theimprovementofaudience’staste.13.Whydoestheauthormention“film,radioandtelevision”?A.Toshowthedifficultiesfacingthestarsthen.B.Toprovethetechno-paniciscommoninhistory.C.ToconfirmAIwillsurelycomeintoeveryfamily.D.Topredictthetrendofthetechnologicaldevelopment.14.Howcansuperstarsattractaudienceaccordingtothetext?A.ByavoidingtheuseofAI. B.Bycooperatingwithdirectors.C.Bylearningmoreadvancedtechnologies. D.Byimprovingcontentcreation.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheeraofAIisaroundthecorner.B.AIcreatesabrand-newentertainmentindustry.C.AImakesstarsworriedandaudiencedemanding.D.AIismoreofahelperthananimaginedthreattostars.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了AI对明星和娱乐行业的影响，指出尽管明星们担心AI会威胁他们的地位，但实际上AI将使他们更加出名，因为它能让明星无处不在。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“StarsmayworrythatAIisstealingtheirworkandgivinglesstalentedperformerstheskillstotakeawaytheiraudience.(明星们可能会担心，AI正在窃取他们的工作，并让那些才华稍逊的表演者获得技能，从而抢走他们的观众)”可知，明星们的主要担忧是受欢迎程度的下降。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Filmandradiooriginallyseemedlikeathreattostars,whoworriedtheirliveperformanceswouldbedevalued.Infact,thosetechnologiesstartedtheeraofthesuperstar,atermthatcaughtoninthe1920s.Asimilarworrygreetedtheinventionoftelevision.Butagain,thenewtechmadethefamousevenmoreso,bringingthemintoeverylivingroom.(电影和广播最初似乎对明星构成了威胁，他们担心自己的现场表演会因此贬值。然而事实上，这些技术开启了超级明星的时代，这一术语在20世纪20年代开始流行。电视的发明也引发了类似的担忧。但再一次，新技术使名人更加出名，将他们带入了每个家庭的客厅)”可知，电影、广播和电视这些新技术出现时，也被明星视为威胁，但最终却使明星更加出名。因此，作者提到这些技术是为了证明技术恐慌在历史上是常见的。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“AIisbrilliantatremixingandrepeatingoldmaterialbutlessgoodatcreatingexcitingcontentthat,fornow,remainsahumanspecialty.(AI在重新混合和重复旧材料方面非常出色，但在创造令人兴奋的内容方面却不太擅长，而目前这仍然是人类的专长)”可知，超级明星可以通过提高内容创作来吸引观众。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Infact,thefamousindividualscomplainingthemostloudlyaboutthenewtechnologyaretheoneswhostandtobenefitthemost.Farfromweakeningstarpower,AIwillmakethebiggestcelebritiesbiggerthaneverbyallowingthemtobeinallmarkets,inalltypesofmedia,atalltimes.(事实上，对新科技抱怨最强烈的人恰恰是那些最有可能从中受益的人。AI不仅不会削弱明星的影响力，反而会让那些最大的明星变得比以往更加耀眼，因为它使他们能够随时随地出现在所有市场和各类媒体中)”可知，文章主要讨论了AI对明星的影响，指出AI不仅不会削弱明星的力量，反而会扩大明星的影响力。因此，对于明星而言，AI更像是一个帮手，而不是想象中的威胁。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Today,whatwehave,isanalways-in-your-pocket,24/7newscycle.Whenyouopenanewsapp,you’llnoticeabriefmomentwhenthe“oldnews”isstillthere.Inaflash,theancienthistoryofafewhoursagoissweptawayforthenext“breakingnews”.____16____It’sendless,butyouhadbetterkeepup.Researchersintroducethisworldtothephrase,“noisebottleneck”.Anoisebottleneckiswhereweareoverwhelmedwithsomuchinformationornoisethatourcognitive(认知的)abilitiescan’tkeepup.____17____Thus,whileourattentioncanwatchhoursofvideos,ourlong-termlearningprocessescan’t.____18____WewatchTVholdingourphones,andwelistentomusicwhileshopping.However,thehumanbrainmighthavestructurallimitationrootedinthecognitivearchitecturewhichcausestheslowingdownthatoccurswhentwotasksareperformedatthesametime.Inshort,yourbrainisnotasgoodasyouthinkitis.Youareahumanbeingwhocanonlytakeinsomuchaday.Understandingthenoisebottleneckallowsustofixit.So,herearethreetipstogetyougoing:Clearyourcontent-setupanewaccountonsocialmediaandfollowonlyaccountsorpeoplethatyouthinkarereallyvaluable.Single-task—youdon’tneedtoridthephonebutdoridthedistractions.____19____Say,“Iwillonlyreadthismagazineafterdinner.”Multitaskingisforshow;single-taskingisforpros.Acceptyourlimits—you’llneverreadallthenews.Acceptyoucanonlychoosetwoorthreeandembracethatfact.____20____You’regettingmoreoutofthosefewthanthat“super-productive”persononsocialmediawhosaystheyreadfivebooksaweek.Afterall,it’sbettertohavealittlerememberedthanalotforgotten.A.Giveyourselfatimelimitorrestrictionifithelps.B.Don’tbeatyourselfupthatyou’rebeingunproductive.C.Everysecond,youarepresentedwithnewinformation.D.Breakingthroughthenoisebottleneckisalegendaryidea.E.Thematterismadeworsebyourmodernaddictiontomultitasking.F.Multitaskinghasdramaticallychangedthewayweuseinformation.G.Ourbrainshavelimitedresources,spreadacrossnumerousfunctions.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.A20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何克服“噪音瓶颈”。【16题详析】空前“Inaflash,theancienthistoryofafewhoursagoissweptawayforthenext“breakingnews”.(转眼间，几小时前的古代史被下一条“突发新闻”一扫而光。)”说明旧的新闻会很快被新的新闻代替，C选项“Everysecond,youarepresentedwithnewinformation.(每一秒钟，你都会看到新的信息。)”说明每一秒都会有新的信息出现，和空前的“旧的新闻会很快被新的新闻代替”表达的意思相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】空前“Researchersintroducethisworldtothephrase,“noisebottleneck”.Anoisebottleneckiswhereweareoverwhelmedwithsomuchinformationornoisethatourcognitive(认知的)abilitiescan’tkeepup.(研究人员向这个世界介绍了“噪音瓶颈”这个短语。噪音瓶颈是指我们被太多的信息或噪音淹没，以至于我们的认知能力无法跟上。)”解释说明什么是“噪音瓶颈”，空格处应该继续解释这个短语，G选项“Ourbrainshavelimitedresources,spreadacrossnumerousfunctions.(我们的大脑资源有限，分散在许多功能上。)”说明了我们的大脑资源有限，分散在许多功能上，和空前所说的“我们被太多的信息或噪音淹没，以至于我们的认知能力无法跟上”表达意思一致，因此承接上文，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。【18题详析】空后“WewatchTVholdingourphones,andwelistentomusicwhileshopping.However,thehumanbrainmighthavestructurallimitationrootedinthecognitivearchitecturewhichcausestheslowingdownthatoccurswhentwotasksareperformedatthesametime.(我们拿着手机看电视，购物时听音乐。然而，人类大脑可能存在根植于认知结构的结构性限制，导致同时执行两项任务时速度变慢。)”说明我们同时干两件事情会导致执行两项任务时速度变慢，说明多任务处理是很糟的，E选项“Thematterismadeworsebyourmodernaddictiontomultitasking.(由于现代人沉迷于多任务处理，情况变得更糟。)”说明许多人沉迷于多任务，和后文人们拿着手机看电视这种现代人的习惯相承接，因此E选项引起下文，符合语境，故选E。【19题详析】空后“Say,“Iwillonlyreadthismagazineafterdinner.”(你可以说：“我只会在晚饭后看这本杂志。”)”说明这是在给自己一点时间上的限制，A选项“Giveyourselfatimelimitorrestrictionifithelps.(如果有帮助的话，给自己一个时间限制。)”说明要给自己一点时间限制，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选A。【20题详析】空前“Acceptyourlimits—you’llneverreadallthenews.Acceptyoucanonlychoosetwoorthreeandembracethatfact.(接受你的局限——你不可能读到所有的新闻。接受你只能选择两三个，并接受这个事实。)”说明要接受自己的局限，也就是不要责怪自己办不到一些事情，B选项“Don’tbeatyourselfupthatyou’rebeingunproductive.(不要责怪自己没有效率。)”说明了不要责怪自己，和前面的接受自己的局限性表达一致，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asafirst-generationAsianimmigrant(移民)whohadgrownupinpoverty,IknewIwasbeyond____21____tobeadmittedintoHarvard.Ilovedbooks,butitnevercrossedmymindtobecomea(n)____22____ofanysort.Ididn’t____23____tohaveunrealisticdreams.Still,something____24____me.Mydeskmatehad____25____ourfriendshiprecently.Therewasn’tadramaticfightordisagreement.Hehad____26____movedontonewfriends.Ifeltanacheinmychestthat____27____night.Istarteddoodling(涂鸦)onmynotepadandthen,suddenly,myhandstartedwritingwords.I’dwrittenapoemabouthim.Thereonthepagewasthetruthabouthowmuchithurtto____28____him.Thattinypoemwasa____29____thatrootedinmyheart.IrealizedIcouldpossiblybecomeawriterandfromthatmomenton,itwasallI_____30_____todo.SoIchangedmyfieldofstudytoEnglish.I_____31_____myfirstshortstorieswhileIwasstillastudent.Iwentontowritemyfirstnovel,GirlinTranslation,whichbecameaninternational_____32_____andistaughtinschoolsaroundtheworld.Thatnight,Ilearnedthatartisn’ta_____33_____.It’satthecoreofwhatmakesushuman.AlthoughI’dbelievedthatimmigrantscouldn’taffordtobe_____34_____,Iunderstoodthenthatwehadalwaysbeentheultimateartists,_____35_____ourselvesagainandagainaswetrytoadapttoanewlandscape.21.A.innocent B.fortunate C.dependent D.voluntary22.A.surgeon B.lawyer C.artist D.engineer23.A.expect B.regret C.agree D.refuse24.A.bothered B.inspired C.interested D.satisfied25.A.adaptedto B.shownoff C.brokenoff D.referredto26.A.unwillingly B.cautiously C.helplessly D.simply27.A.fancy B.peaceful C.happy D.lonely28.A.marry B.upset C.lose D.desert29.A.romance B.seed C.secret D.shadow30.A.hesitated B.resolved C.declined D.pretended31.A.bought B.borrowed C.priced D.published32.A.gap B.effort C.challenge D.bestseller33.A.necessity B.luxury C.game D.reality34.A.practical B.reliable C.energetic D.creative35.A.rescuing B.recreating C.recovering D.relaxing【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.B31.D32.D33.B34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一位成长在贫困中的第一代华裔移民，一位朋友的离去让他感到失落，他开始意识到自己对文学的兴趣。最终，他决定改读英文，成为一名作家，通过艺术来表达自己。这段经历让他明白艺术不是奢侈品而是人类内在的核心，移民也能拥有创造力。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为在贫困中长大的第一代亚洲移民，我知道能被哈佛大学录取真是太幸运了。A.innocent无辜的；B.fortunate幸运的；C.dependent依赖的；D.voluntary志愿的。根据后文“tobeadmittedintoHarvard”可知，作者身为第一代亚洲移民，感到被哈佛大学录取很幸运。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢书，但我从来没有想过要成为任何一种艺术家。A.surgeon外科医生；B.lawyer律师；C.artist艺术家；D.engineer工程师。根据上文“Ilovedbooks”可知与书籍最接近的是艺术家，也呼应后文作者写诗。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没期待有不切实际的梦想。A.expect期待；B.regret后悔；C.agree同意；D.refuse拒绝。根据后文“tohaveunrealisticdreams”可知，作者认为从事艺术是自己没有期待的梦想。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，有些事还是困扰着我。A.bothered烦恼；B.inspired鼓舞；C.interested使感兴趣；D.satisfied满足。根据后文可知作者和朋友关系破裂，被这件事困扰着。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的同桌最近断绝了我们的友谊。A.adaptedto适应于；B.shownoff炫耀；C.brokenoff断裂；D.referredto参考。根据后文“movedontonewfriends”可知，同桌断绝了和作者的友谊。故选C。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他“只是”转向了新朋友。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.cautiously谨慎地；C.helplessly无助地；D.simply仅仅。根据后文“movedontonewfriends”以及上文“Therewasn’tadramaticfightordisagreement.(没有激烈的争吵或分歧)”可知，同桌“只是”转向了新朋友。故选D。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那个孤独的夜晚，我感到胸口一阵疼痛。A.fancy时髦的；B.peaceful和平的；C.happy快乐的；D.lonely孤独的。根据上文“Ifeltanacheinmychestthat”以及作者和朋友关系破裂，所以是孤独的夜晚感到心痛。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一页上写着失去他是多么痛苦的真相。A.marry结婚；B.upset使沮丧；C.lose失去；D.desert抛弃。呼应上文“movedontonewfriends”指作者失去了朋友。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那首小诗就像一颗种子，扎根在我的心里。A.romance浪漫史；B.seed种子；C.secret秘密；D.shadow阴影。根据后文“thatrootedinmyheart”可知，诗歌比喻成种子，扎根在了作者心里。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我有可能成为一名作家，从那一刻起，这就是我决心要做的一切。A.hesitated犹豫；B.resolved决定；C.declined拒绝；D.pretended假装。根据后文“SoIchangedmyfieldofstudytoEnglish.(所以我把我的研究领域改为英语)”可知，作者决心成为作家。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我就发表了我的第一部短篇小说。A.bought购买；B.borrowed借来；C.priced定价；D.published发表。根据后文“myfirstshortstories”以及“Iwentontowritemyfirstnovel”可知，作者发表了第一部短篇小说，接着写了小说。故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我接着写了我的第一部小说《翻译中的女孩》，成为国际畅销书，并在世界各地的学校里教授。A.gap缺口；B.effort努力；C.challenge挑战；D.bestseller畅销书。根据后文“andistaughtinschoolsaroundtheworld”可知，作者的小说成了畅销书，在世界各地的学校里教授。故选D。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我明白了艺术不是奢侈品。A.necessity必需品；B.luxury奢侈品；C.game游戏；D.reality现实。呼应上文“haveunrealisticdreams”指作者一开始认为艺术是不切实际的梦想，即奢侈品。故选B。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我曾经认为移民们没有创造力，但我当时明白，我们一直都是终极艺术家，在努力适应新环境的过程中，我们一次又一次地重塑自己。A.practical实际的；B.reliable可靠的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.creative创造性的。根据后文“Iunderstoodthenthatwehadalwaysbeentheultimateartists”以及常识，成为艺术家需要要有创造力。故选D。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我曾经认为移民们没有创造力，但我当时明白，我们一直都是终极艺术家，在努力适应新环境的过程中，我们一次又一次地重塑自己。A.rescuing营救；B.recreating重塑，再创造；C.recovering恢复；D.relaxing放松。根据后文“ourselvesagainandagainaswetrytoadapttoanewlandscape”可知，适应新的环境的过程中，人们需要一次又一次地重塑自己。故选B。第二节单词填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)根据所给词的适当形式或者根据提示填空。36.Inbothcases,potentialproblemsshould________(identify),andtherelativeprobabilityandimpactofeachriskshouldbeestimated.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】beidentified【解析】考查动词语态。句意：在这两种情况下，都应该找出潜在的问题，并评估每种风险的相对概率和影响。分析句子结构可知，主语potentialproblems与谓语动词identify之间为被动关系，情态动词should后接动词原形，应用beidentified，符合语境。故填beidentified。37.High-qualityproductsofthecivilcompanyhaveearnedahighreputation________(domestic)andwillexportgloballysoon.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】domestically【解析】考查副词。句意：民用公司的高质量产品在国内赢得了很高的声誉，并将很快出口到全球。修饰整个句子用副词domestically作状语，故填domestically。38.Employinghis________(conventional)methods,hehasinspiredstudentsmoredeeplythananyoneelse.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】unconventional【解析】考查形容词。句意：凭借其独特的教学方法，他比任何其他人都更能深刻地激发学生的兴趣。修饰名词methods，且表示“独特的”用形容词unconventional，作定语。故填unconventional。39.