江苏省常州市武进区部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省常州市武进区部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEtiquetteMattersCentrepresents2-DayConfidenceandManners(礼仪)WorkshopAlwayswantedtogiveyourselftheadvantagethatsetsyouapartfromyourpeers(同龄人)?Our2-DayConfidenceandMannersWorkshopwillgiveyouthemuch-neededboost(助推)andempoweryouwiththesoftskillsthatwillsetyouapartfromyourpeersandserveyouwellintoadulthood.Thishighly-respected,incrediblyeffective(有效的)workshopisahotfavoriteamongparentsandchildren.Throughthisworkshop,ourcenteraimstoempoweryouwithconfidenceinyourinteractioninvarioussocialsituations.HighlightsoftheWorkshopDay1:Buildingself-esteem(自尊心)throughpositiveself-talk.Recognizingtheimportanceofeffectivelistening.Masteringtheartofpublicspeakingwithconfidence.“Curiosity(好奇心)”Challenge.Day2:Mannersinsocialmedia.Diningmannersexperience.Observingrespectfulmannersinsocialsettings.Presentationofcertificates(证书)ofcompletiontoparticipants.HURRY!SLOTS(空位)ARELIMITEDDates:12December(Saturday)&13December(Sunday)Timing:9amto6pmAgeofparticipants:9to12yearsoldFees:$650perchild(includingcoursematerialsandlunchandteafor2days)Earlybirddiscounts:5%offforparticipantswhoregister(报名)before1Novemberandafreegoodiebagworth$60.Toregister:Bookthrough

orcomedowntoourheadofficeat65BrasBasinRoad.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitourwebsite,callusorfollowusonsocialmedia.1.Theworkshopismainlyaimedathelpingtheparticipantsto________.A.valuefriendshipandcuriosity B.findthejoyoflearningC.buildsocialskillsandpositivity D.enjoybeingbetterthantheirpeers2.Whichactivitybestsuitsstudentswhoalwaysshyawayfrommakingspeeches?A.Day1:Buildingself-esteemthroughpositiveself-talk.B.Day1:Masteringtheartofpublicspeakingwithconfidence.C.Day2:Mannersinsocialmedia.D.Day2:Presentationofcertificatesofcompletiontoparticipants.3.Whatdoestheworkshopoffer?A.Freecoursematerials. B.Classesforallages.C.A$60discountforearlybirds. D.Multiplewaystoregister.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了EtiquetteMattersCentre举办的为期两天的自信与礼仪工作坊的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Our2-DayConfidenceandMannersWorkshopwillgiveyouthemuch-neededboost(助推)andempoweryouwiththesoftskillsthatwillsetyouapartfromyourpeersandserveyouwellintoadulthood.(我们为期两天的自信与礼仪工作坊将为你提供急需的推动力，并赋予你软技能，使你与同龄人区分开来，并在成年后受益匪浅。)”和第三段中“Throughthisworkshop,ourcenteraimstoempoweryouwithconfidenceinyourinteractioninvarioussocialsituations.(通过本次工作坊，我们的中心旨在让你在各种社交场合的互动中充满信心。)”可知，该工作坊主要帮助参与者建立社交技能和积极性。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据HighlightsoftheWorkshop部分中Day1部分的“Masteringtheartofpublicspeakingwithconfidence.(自信地掌握公开演讲的艺术。)”可知，对于总是回避演讲的学生来说，最适合的活动是“自信地掌握公开演讲的艺术”。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Toregister:Bookthroughorcomedowntoourheadofficeat65BrasBasinRoad.(报名方式：通过预订，或到我们位于BrasBasinRoad65号的总部。)”可知，该工作坊提供多种报名方式。故选D。BRegularexerciseisimportantforteenagers,notjustforphysicalfitnessbutalsoforbraindevelopment.Newresearchhasbeenuncoveringtheeffectsofsportsontheteenagebrain.Astudypublishedinaleadingmedicaljournalfollowedagroupofhighschoolstudentsoveraterm.Onegroupwasrequiredtotakepartinatleastthreehoursofmedium-leveltohigh-levelphysicalactivityperweek,whiletheothergrouphadtheirregularPEclassesonly,whichwaslessthananhouraweek.Attheendoftheterm,thestudentswhoexercisedmoreshowedcleargainsinmentalabilities.Theyperformedbetterintasksthatrequiredattention,memory,andproblem-solvingskills.Thereasonsbehindthisareconnectedtothephysicalandchemicalchangesinthebrainduringexercise.Whenteenagersexercise,thebloodflowtothebrainincreases.Thisbringsmoreoxygenandnutrients,whicharenecessaryforthehealthyfunctioningofbraincells.Additionally,exercisestimulates(刺激)therelease(释放)ofcertainchemicalsinthebrain,suchasdopamineandendorphins.Dopamineislinkedtomotivation,focus,andlearning,whileendorphinscanimprovemoodandreducestress.Moreover,teamsportsplayaspecialrole.Forexample,playingbasketballorsoccerinvolvesteamwork,communication,andstrategic(策略)thinking.Inthesesports,teenagersneedtoquicklyjudgethesituationonthefield,makedecisions,andworktogetherwiththeirteammates.Thisnotonlysharpenstheirthinkingskillsbutalsohelpsindevelopingsocialskills.Acoachfromalocalhighschoolsaid,“I’veseenstudentsbecomemoreconfidentandbetteratdealingwithpressureafterjoiningourschool’sbasketballteam.Theylearnhowtocommunicatewithdifferentpeopleandworktowardsacommongoal,whichisbeneficialbothonandoffthecourt.”However,manyteenagerstodayleadinactivelives,spendinglonghourssittinginfrontofscreens.Thislackofexercisemayhavenegativeeffectsontheirbraindevelopment.Expertsarecallingforschoolsandparentstoencouragemorephysicalactivitiesamongteenagers,toensuretheygrowupwithbothhealthybodiesandsharpminds.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A.Exerciseleadstohigherschoolgrades.B.PEclassesaregoodforphysicalhealth.C.Activitiescausebettertaskperformance.D.Moreexercisehelpsdevelopbrainpower.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”refertoinparagraph3?A.Thephysicalandchemicalchange.B.Thelinkbetweenexerciseandbrain.C.Thehealthyfunctioningofbraincells.D.Theincreaseinbloodflowtothebrain.6.Whydoestheauthormentionthecoachinparagraph4?A.Toshowtheneedforbettercoaches.B.Toprovethesocialbenefitsofteamsports.C.Tostresstheimportanceofwinninggames.D.Toexplainthereasonfortheeffectofsports.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Healthybodiesmattermost.B.Parentsignoretheirteens’habits.C.Teenagerspreferactivelivestoday.D.Toolittleexercisecanharmbraingrowth.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过一项研究揭示了运动对青少年大脑的积极影响，分析了运动促进脑力发展的生理机制，强调了团队运动在提升思维与社交能力方面的特殊作用，并呼吁鼓励青少年多参与体育活动。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Astudypublishedinaleadingmedicaljournalfollowedagroupofhighschoolstudentsoveraterm.Onegroupwasrequiredtotakepartinatleastthreehoursofmedium-leveltohigh-levelphysicalactivityperweek,whiletheothergrouphadtheirregularPEclassesonly,whichwaslessthananhouraweek.Attheendoftheterm,thestudentswhoexercisedmoreshowedcleargainsinmentalabilities.(一篇发表在顶级医学期刊上的研究对一组高中生进行了为期一学期的跟踪调查。一组学生被要求每周至少进行3小时的中高强度体育活动，而另一组只参加每周不到1小时的常规体育课。学期结束时，运动更多的学生在心智能力上有明显提升。)”可知，更多的运动有助于发展脑力。故选D。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Whenteenagersexercise,thebloodflowtothebrainincreases.Thisbringsmoreoxygenandnutrients,whicharenecessaryforthehealthyfunctioningofbraincells.(当青少年运动时，流向大脑的血液会增加。这会带来更多的氧气和营养，这些都是脑细胞健康运作所必需的。)”可知，“This”指代前文提到的“流向大脑的血液增加”这一现象。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Moreover,teamsportsplayaspecialrole.Forexample,playingbasketballorsoccerinvolvesteamwork,communication,andstrategicthinking...Acoachfromalocalhighschoolsaid,“I’veseenstudentsbecomemoreconfidentandbetteratdealingwithpressureafterjoiningourschool’sbasketballteam.Theylearnhowtocommunicatewithdifferentpeopleandworktowardsacommongoal,whichisbeneficialbothonandoffthecourt.”(此外，团队运动扮演着特殊的角色。例如，打篮球或踢足球需要团队合作、沟通和策略思考……当地一所高中的教练说：“我看到学生们加入我们学校的篮球队后，变得更加自信，也更善于应对压力。他们学会了如何与不同的人沟通，为共同的目标努力，这在球场内外都很有益处。”)”可知，作者引用教练的话是为了证明团队运动在提升社交能力、自信心等方面的社会益处。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,manyteenagerstodayleadinactivelives,spendinglonghourssittinginfrontofscreens.Thislackofexercisemayhavenegativeeffectsontheirbraindevelopment.(然而，如今许多青少年过着缺乏运动的生活，长时间坐在屏幕前。这种缺乏运动可能会对他们的大脑发育产生负面影响。)”可知，运动量过少会损害大脑发育。故选D。COnOct.6,threescientistswereawardedthe2025NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.Theydiscoveredhowthebodystopsitsownimmunesystemfromturningagainstitself,aprocessvitalforpreventingautoimmune(自身免疫性)diseases.Theimmunesystemperformsaremarkablebalancingact.Onadailybasis,itmustaccuratelyidentifyanddestroyagreatmanyforeigninvaderslikevirusesandbacteria,manyofwhichhavegraduallydevelopedintowhatlooklikeourowncells.Thecriticalquestionwas:whatsystemensuresthisdefenseforcedoesnotharmthebodyitismeanttoprotect?Foralongtime,thethymus(胸腺),asmallorganinthechest,wasconsideredthecentralareaforestablishing“immunetolerance.”Itwasthoughttoremoveattackingcellsduringearlydevelopment.However,thistheorycouldnotfullyexplainthebody’scontinuousself-control.TherevolutionarychangebeganwiththeworkofJapanesescientistShimonSakaguchi.Throughaseriesofinnovativeexperimentsonnewbornmiceinthe1980sand1990s,hemadeanunexpecteddiscoverythatremovingthethymusledtoautoimmunedisorders,suggestingthattheorganwasnotjustremovingharmfulcellsbutwasalsothesourceofspecializedprotectivecells.Afteradecadeofstrictinvestigation,Sakaguchidefinitivelyidentifiedanewclassofcellsin1995,whichhenamed“T-reggs”.Inthebeginning,thescientificcommunitymetthisdiscoverywithalotofdoubt,sincetheexistenceofthese“peacekeeper”cellswasacompletelynewidea.ThecrucialconfirmationcamefromtheworkofAmericanscientistsMaryBrunkowandFredRamsdell.Theirresearchinthelate1990sandearly2000sdetailedtheprecisesystems:T-reggseitherproducecalmingproteinsordeliverdirectsignalstotakecontrolofotherattackingimmunecells.Furthermore,theyidentifiedaspecificproteincalledFoxP3,whichactsasakeyswitchforT-regfunction,providingaclearmarkerfortheirstudy.Thediscoveriesofthesethreescientistshaveprovedthatimmunityisnotmerelyanattackingforcebutisunderconstant,activecontrol.Thisessentialknowledgehasopenedupnewroadsfortreatingautoimmuneconditions,improvingorgantransplantcapacity,andevendevelopingmoreeffectivecancertreatments,showcasingthesignificantimpactofunderstandingthebody’sinternalsafeguards.8.Whatdoes“immunetolerance”inparagraph3referto?A.Theprocessofavoidingself-attack. B.Thefunctioninproducingimmunecells.C.Theabilitytodestroyvirusesandbacteria. D.Thetendencyoflosingcontinuousself-control.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromSakaguchi’sexperiment?A.Theresultwasimmediatelyaccepted.B.Thethymusfailedtoremoveharmfulcells.C.T-reggswereconfirmedtoproducecalmingproteins.D.Thethymushadapreviouslyunknownprotectivefunction.10.Whatismainlymentionedaboutthediscoveryinthelastparagraph?A.Itsremainingchallenges. B.Itsimpactonourbody.C.Itswideapplicationsinmedicine. D.Itssuccessincuringillnesses.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.T-reggs:Body’sPeacekeepers. B.Thymus:CentreofCreatingCells.C.SideEffectsoftheImmuneSystem. D.FightAgainstAutoimmuneDiseases.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖展开，介绍了三位科学家的核心发现：胸腺并非仅清除有害免疫细胞，还能产生名为“调节性T细胞（T-reggs）”的保护性细胞。这些细胞通过特定机制调控免疫系统，避免其攻击自身（即“免疫耐受”），该发现为自身免疫病治疗、器官移植优化及癌症疗法研发开辟了新路径。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Foralongtime,thethymus(胸腺),asmallorganinthechest,wasconsideredthecentralareaforestablishing“immunetolerance”.Itwasthoughttoremoveattackingcellsduringearlydevelopment.However,thistheorycouldnotfullyexplainthebody’scontinuousself-control.(长期以来，胸腺（位于胸腔内的一个小器官）被视为建立“免疫耐受”的核心部位。人们认为它会在机体早期发育阶段清除具有攻击性的细胞。但这一理论无法充分解释人体持续的自我调控机制。)”可知，免疫耐受指的是身体避免免疫系统攻击自身细胞的过程，即避免自我攻击的过程。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Throughaseriesofinnovativeexperimentsonnewbornmiceinthe1980sand1990s,hemadeanunexpecteddiscoverythatremovingthethymusledtoautoimmunedisorders,suggestingthattheorganwasnotjustremovingharmfulcellsbutwasalsothesourceofspecializedprotectivecells.(通过对20世纪80年代和90年代新生小鼠进行的一系列创新实验，他意外地发现，切除胸腺会导致自身免疫性疾病，这表明该器官不仅清除有害细胞，还是专门保护细胞的来源。)”可知，Sakaguchi的实验表明胸腺不仅清除有害细胞，还产生专门的保护细胞，即胸腺具有先前未知的保护功能。故选D。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thediscoveriesofthesethreescientistshaveprovedthatimmunityisnotmerelyanattackingforcebutisunderconstant,activecontrol.Thisessentialknowledgehasopenedupnewroadsfortreatingautoimmuneconditions,improvingorgantransplantcapacity,andevendevelopingmoreeffectivecancertreatments,showcasingthesignificantimpactofunderstandingthebody’sinternalsafeguards.(这三位科学家的发现证明，免疫不仅仅是一种攻击力量，而是受到持续、主动的控制。这一基本知识为治疗自身免疫性疾病、提高器官移植能力，甚至开发更有效的癌症治疗方法开辟了新的道路，展示了了解身体内部保障机制的重大影响。)”可知，最后一段主要提到了这一发现对医学的广泛应用，包括治疗自身免疫性疾病、提高器官移植能力和开发更有效的癌症治疗方法。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。文章围绕2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖展开，介绍了三位科学家的核心发现：胸腺并非仅清除有害免疫细胞，还能产生名为“调节性T细胞（T-reggs）”的保护性细胞。这些细胞通过特定机制调控免疫系统，避免其攻击自身（即“免疫耐受”），该发现为自身免疫病治疗、器官移植优化及癌症疗法研发开辟了新路径。由此可知，A项：“调节性T细胞：人体的“和平守护者””是最好的标题。故选A。DOnfarmsalloverthecountry,eventhemosttraditionalones,thoughtisbeinggiventothepossibilitiesofAI.Forthemoment,artificialintelligenceisn’tmakingmuchofanimpactonthedailylivesofmostBritishfarmers.ButthewayAIcanchangeagricultureinthenearfutureisverymucharealityinuniversitiesandresearchlabs.Myeyeswereopenedtothepossibilitiesonavisittoalabwherecowswerebeingautomatically(自动化)monitoredinaninnovative‘smart’dairy.AIwaslearningtorecognizeeachindividualcowandkeeparecordofitsbehavior.Itthenanalyzedthedatatowarnofanysignsofillness.Meanwhile,inmyhomecounty,workisunderwaytoensurethattheupcominggenerationoffarmersisn’tleftbehind.Inafewweeks’time,newlyarrivedstudentsattheRoyalAgriculturalUniversity(RAU)willstarttheircourseinAgriculturalTechnology,attheheartofwhichisAI’sroleinmakingfarmingmoreeffective,productiveandadaptiveinaworldofchangingweatherpatterns.Thiswouldhavesoundedlikesciencefictioninthe1950s,butnow,70yearson,I’mencouragedthattomorrow’sfarmersarebeingarmedwiththeknow-howtosucceedinthenewdigitalage.Naturally,thereareconcernsaboutwhatallthismightmeanforthecountlessnumberofpeoplewhodependonfarmingfortheirlivelihood(生计).Softfruitandseasonalvegetablesareextremelytenderandneedanarmyofpickersandpackerswhomayfindthemselvesreplacedatsomepointbythesortofstandardprecision-robotsthathavebeentrialed(试用)onastrawberryfarm.Inrecentyearsmanyplaceshavestruggledtoemployandkeepseasonalworkers,soratherthancreateunemployment,AImightjustprovidetheanswertoaworryinglaborgap.It’sworthsayingthatthistechnologywillneedawholenewsetofworkerstoproducethehardware,inputnewdataandtheninstall(安装),maintain,repairandreplacesystemsandkit.Sodon’tlosehopebutdoconsiderupskilling(技能提升).SincetheIndustrialRevolution,everygenerationoffarmershashadtodealwiththetechnologicalchangesofthedayandtheyhavesuccessfullyadaptedtosurvive.Whoknows!AImaywellturnouttobejustthelatestinalonglineofchallengestobeacceptedbyadaptableandspiritedfarmers.Andanythingthatsavesmetheworryofcheckingtheweatherforecastdayandnightduringharvestseasonmustbeagoodthing.12.Whatdidtheauthordiscoverduringhisvisittothelab?A.AIhasmadeautomationarealityinthedairyindustry.B.AIhashelpedmostBritishfarmerstocloselymonitorcows.C.AIisbeingdevelopedtoimprovecowhealththroughbehavioranalysis.D.AIisprimarilybeingusedtochangeuniversitiesandlabsacrossBritain.13.WhatisthefocusofthecourseinAgriculturalTechnologyattheRAU?A.Theroleoftraditionalmethodsinincreasingcropproductivity.B.ThedevelopmentofAIinagriculturalpracticesintheUK.C.Thewaysclimatechangeaffectsglobalfoodsecurity.D.TheimpactofAIonimprovingfarmingefficiencyandproductivity.14.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheintroductionofAIinagriculturefromthethirdandthefourthparagraphs?A.Itwillleadtowidespreadunemployment.B.Itmayhelpaddressthelaborshortageissue.C.Itwillremovetheneedforhumanlaborcompletely.D.Itdoesn’taffectthenatureofseasonalworkers.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheuseofAIinagriculture?A.Optimistic. B.Distrustful. C.Doubtful. D.Concerned.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要探讨了人工智能在农业领域的应用及其影响，通过作者参观实验室和皇家农业大学的课程介绍，展现了AI在提升农业效率、解决劳动力短缺问题等方面的潜力，并表达了作者对AI在农业中应用的乐观态度。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AIwaslearningtorecognizeeachindividualcowandkeeparecordofitsbehavior.Itthenanalyzedthedatatowarnofanysignsofillness.(人工智能正在学习识别每一头奶牛，并记录它们的行为。然后，它分析数据以警告任何疾病的迹象)”可知，作者在参观实验室时发现，AI正在被开发用于通过行为分析来改善奶牛健康。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inafewweeks’time,newlyarrivedstudentsattheRoyalAgriculturalUniversity(RAU)willstarttheircourseinAgriculturalTechnology,attheheartofwhichisAI’sroleinmakingfarmingmoreeffective,productiveandadaptiveinaworldofchangingweatherpatterns.(几周后，皇家农业大学(RAU)的新生将开始他们的农业技术课程，其核心是人工智能在变化的气候模式下使农业更有效、多产和适应性的作用)”可知，RAU农业技术课程的核心是人工智能在提高农业效率和生产力方面的作用。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Softfruitandseasonalvegetablesareextremelytenderandneedanarmyofpickersandpackerswhomayfindthemselvesreplacedatsomepointbythesortofstandardprecision-robotsthathavebeentrialed(试用)onastrawberryfarm.(软果和季节性蔬菜非常娇嫩，需要大量的采摘者和包装工，他们可能会在某个时候被在草莓农场试用的那种标准精密机器人所取代)”以及第四段中“Inrecentyearsmanyplaceshavestruggledtoemployandkeepseasonalworkers,soratherthancreateunemployment,AImightjustprovidetheanswertoaworryinglaborgap.(近年来，许多地方都在努力雇佣和留住季节性工人，因此，人工智能可能不会造成失业，而是为令人担忧的劳动力缺口提供答案)”可推知，人工智能的引入可能有助于解决农业中的劳动力短缺问题。故选B项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“SincetheIndustrialRevolution,everygenerationoffarmershashadtodealwiththetechnologicalchangesofthedayandtheyhavesuccessfullyadaptedtosurvive.Whoknows!AImaywellturnouttobejustthelatestinalonglineofchallengestobeacceptedbyadaptableandspiritedfarmers.Andanythingthatsavesmetheworryofcheckingtheweatherforecastdayandnightduringharvestseasonmustbeagoodthing.(自工业革命以来，每一代农民都不得不应对当时的技术变革，并且他们成功地适应了生存。谁知道呢!人工智能很可能只是一系列挑战中的最新一个，这些挑战将被适应性强、精神饱满的农民所接受。任何能让我在收获季节不用日夜担心天气预报的事情都是好事)”可推知，作者对人工智能在农业中的应用持乐观态度。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IsmileassoonasIamgreetedbythebarista(咖啡师)whoknowsmynameandorder.AsIheadtoatable,latte(拿铁)inhand,Ifeelalightnessinmystep.____16____Chancesare,therearepeopleyoucomeintocontactwithdaily,whoyoumaynotknowwellbutcanputasmileonyourface.Peoplelikethisarecalled“consequential(重要的)strangers”.Theycouldbetheneighboryouchattooreventhepersonyouregularlymakesmalltalkwithatthegym.____17____Wemayonlyknowsomeofthemforashorttime,whileothersmaybecomelongstandingpartsofourlives.Likeme,counsellorTinaChunmunhasfoundthatthebaristasheseesregularlyisanimportantsubsequentstrangertoher.“Itrustthefeedbackfromthebaristabecauseshehasacompletelydifferentperspectivefromme,”sheexplains.____18____Sowegettohearnewperspectives.Theseinteractionsareemotionallybeneficialaswell.Forinstance,theconsequentialstrangersinmylifenotonlyhelpmefeelastrongersenseofbelongingtomycommunity,butalsohelpwithloneliness.Andsomeoftheseconnectionscouldpotentiallybecomesupportiverelationshipswecanturntoforhelp.“____19____,”saysTina.“Ifyou’reatatrainstationwaitingforatrain,youcanstarttalkingabouthowannoyingthedelayis.”Youmayfindthatthisbringsyouintoafullerconversation,butevenifyouonlyhaveaverybriefexchangewithsomeone,thisisagreatwaytobuildyourconfidence.Ofcourse,noteveryconsequentialstrangerisgoingtobecomeagoodfriendandthat’sOK.Still,theyareavaluablepartofyourlife,abletomakeyousmileandfeelasenseofconnection.____20____.A.Andthatinitselfiswellworthcelebrating.B.Ithelpsapersontofeelmuchlesslonely.C.Thisisafeelingyoumightexperienceinyourdailylifeaswell.D.Thekeyistostartwithsmall,commontopics.E.Theycomeindifferentformsandappearinvarioussituations.F.Theirviewscanchallengeourownandhelpusseethingsdifferently.G.Thesepeopleareimportantbecausetheybringfreshideasandperspectives.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.D20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章以作者遇见咖啡师感到愉悦的经历开篇，引出“重要陌生人”这一概念，阐述了这些日常短暂互动者能带来归属感、不同视角和情感益处，并鼓励从微小话题开始交流，肯定其本身的价值。【16题详析】上文“IsmileassoonasIamgreetedbythebarista(咖啡师)whoknowsmynameandorder.AsIheadtoatable,latte(拿铁)inhand,Ifeelalightnessinmystep.(我一见到那位知道我的名字和点单的咖啡师打招呼，就笑了。当我拿着拿铁走向桌子时，脚步都感觉轻快起来)”描述了作者因与熟悉的咖啡师互动而感到愉悦的亲身经历。C选项“Thisisafeelingyoumightexperienceinyourdailylifeaswell.(这种感觉你在日常生活中也可能体验到)”顺承上文，将作者的个人体验扩展到读者身上，暗示这种因日常接触而产生的愉快感觉是普遍的，从而自然引出下文“Chancesare,therearepeopleyoucomeintocontactwithdaily...”对读者的直接论述。该句起到了从具体事例过渡到普遍现象的作用。故选C项。【17题详析】上文“Peoplelikethisarecalled“consequential(重要的)strangers”.Theycouldbetheneighboryouchattooreventhepersonyouregularlymakesmalltalkwithatthegym.(像这样的人被称为“重要的陌生人”。他们可能是你聊天的邻居，甚至是你在健身房经常与之闲聊的人)”对“重要陌生人”进行了定义并举例。E选项“Theycomeindifferentformsandappearinvarioussituations.(他们以不同的形式出现，出现在各种场合中)”承接上文，进一步概括了这类人群的特点：形式多样、场合各异。这与上文的举例(邻居、健身房的人)相呼应，并解释了为何有如此多样的例子。下文“Wemayonlyknowsomeofthemforashorttime,whileothersmaybecomelongstandingpartsofourlives.(我们可能只认识其中一些人很短的时间，而另一些人可能会成为我们生活中长期存在的一部分)”则是对其关系持续时间的描述。故选E项。【18题详析】上文“Likeme,counsellorTinaChunmunhasfoundthatthebaristasheseesregularlyisanimportantsubsequentstrangertoher.“Itrustthefeedbackfromthebaristabecauseshehasacompletelydifferentperspectivefromme,”sheexplains.(和我一样，咨询师蒂娜·春蒙发现，她经常见到的咖啡师对她来说是一个重要的陌生人。“我相信咖啡师的反馈，因为她有一个与我完全不同的视角，”她解释道)”引用了蒂娜的例子，并点明核心：咖啡师的“differentperspective”。F选项“Theirviewscanchallengeourownandhelpusseethingsdifferently.(他们的观点可以挑战我们自己的，并帮助我们以不同的方式看待事物)”顺承并阐释了“differentperspective”的价值——挑战既有观点，带来新的视角，并与下文“Sowegettohearnewperspectives.(所以我们可以听到新的观点)”直接呼应。故选F项。【19题详析】下文““Ifyou’reatatrainstationwaitingforatrain,youcanstarttalkingabouthowannoyingthedelayis.”(“如果你在火车站等火车，你可以开始谈论延误是多么烦人。”)”是一个具体例子，说明了如何开启对话：从谈论一个“小”而“普遍”的话题(火车延误)开始。D选项“Thekeyistostartwithsmall,commontopics.(关键是从微小、普遍的话题开始)”作为蒂娜所说的话的引子或概括，点明了开启与陌生人对话的核心策略。下文的例子正是对D选项的具体说明。故选D项。【20题详析】上文“Still,theyareavaluablepartofyourlife,abletomakeyousmileandfeelasenseofconnection.(尽管如此，他们是你生命中宝贵的一部分，能够让你微笑并感受到一种联系)”总结了“重要陌生人”即便不成为密友也依然具有的价值(带来微笑和连接感)。A选项“Andthatinitselfiswellworthcelebrating.(而这本身就非常值得庆贺)”以强有力的肯定句作结，对上述价值进行升华，强调了这种“微笑和连接感”本身的意义就值得珍视和庆祝，给全文一个积极而有力的收尾。故选A项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onafallday,mywifeandIwentboatingontheBlackfootRiver.Iwasexcitedaboutthetripbecauseitwouldallowmetoforgetmy____21____.Atnoon,werestedonabank.____22____thescenery,webarelyrealizedtheapproachingdanger.Thenthreelarge____23____emergedfromtheforest:ahugemamabearwithtwobabies.Theywerelessthan100feetawayacrosstheriver,farcloserthantherecommended____24____distance.Icouldfeel____25____reacheddeepintomystomach.Timestoodstill.Then,Igrabbedthebearsprayandwewalkeddownriverto____26____ourselves.“Hey,bear!”Isaid.“Wearenothereto____27____you.”Atthatmoment,Ithoughtthemamabearwould____28____acrosstheriver,coveringthe100feetinseconds.AlthoughIknewhowtousethespray,Ididn’tthinkIcoulduseit____29____.Tooursurprise,themamabear____30____drankwaterfromtheriver.Whenonebabywanderedjustafewstepsaway,shequickly____31____him.Justliketheir____32____appearance,theyweregone,disappearingintotheforest.Wereturnedtoourboat,lostin____33____.Thisencountermademefeel____34____,asmydailyconcernsseemedinsignificantinthelargercontextofourplanet.Theexperience,thefear,andmy____35____asahumanhavechangedmyperspectiveontheworldforever.21.A.concerns B.secrets C.passions D.principles22.A.Tiredof B.Lookinginto C.Immersedin D.Reflectingon23.A.signs B.shapes C.targets D.weights24.A.safe B.social C.average D.constant25.A.anger B.surprise C.horror D.courage26.A.relax B.ignore C.comfort D.distance27.A.contact B.tease C.trick D.disturb28.A.walk B.rush C.float D.wander29.A.intime B.inbrief C.atpeace D.inadvance30.A.simply B.naturally C.probably D.typically31.A.rescued B.examined C.fetched D.attached32.A.timely B.regular C.unexpected D.inappropriate33.A.shock B.regret C.calmness D.amazement34.A.grateful B.small C.scared D.respectful35.A.virtues B.limitations C.responsibilities D.advantages【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.C26.D27.D28.B29.A30.A31.C32.C33.D34.B35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和妻子在划船时与三只熊不期而遇的紧张经历。这次遭遇让作者感到自身的渺小，并由此对日常烦恼有了新的认识，改变了他看待世界的视角。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对这次旅行感到兴奋，因为它能让我忘记我的烦恼。A.concerns担忧，烦恼；B.secrets秘密；C.passions热情；D.principles原则。根据前文“forgetmy”和后文“Thisencountermademefeel

,asmydailyconcernsseemedinsignificant”可知，作者原本有日常的烦恼，旅行是为了忘却这些“concerns”。故选A项。【22题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们沉浸在风景中，几乎没有意识到正在逼近的危险。A.Tiredof厌倦；B.Lookinginto调查；C.Immersedin沉浸于；D.Reflectingon反思。根据后文“webarelyrealizedtheapproachingdanger”可知，他们没有意识到危险，是因为他们全神贯注于欣赏风景，因此是“沉浸于”风景中。故选C项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后三个巨大的身影从森林里出现了：一只巨大的熊妈妈带着两只幼崽。A.signs迹象；B.shapes形状，轮廓，身影；C.targets目标；D.weights重量。根据后文“ahugemamabearwithtwobabies”可知，从森林里出现的是熊的“身影”或“轮廓”。故选B项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们就在河对岸不到100英尺的地方，远低于建议的安全距离。A.safe安全的；B.social社会的；C.average平均的；D.constant持续的。根据常识和语境，与野生动物保持距离是为了“安全”；therecommendedsafedistance意为“建议的安全距离”。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到恐惧深入了我的胃。A.anger愤怒；B.surprise惊讶；C.horror恐惧，惊恐；D.courage勇气。前文“farcloserthantherecommended

distance.”描述熊的近距离出现，结合后文“grabbedthebearspray”作者紧张的应对措施，可以推断他的感受是极度的“恐惧”。故选C项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我抓起防熊喷雾，我们朝下游走去以远离它们。A.relax放松；B.ignore忽视；C.comfort安慰；D.distance使远离。根据前文“Theywerelessthan100feetawayacrosstheriver,farcloserthantherecommended

distance.”所描述的过近距离和后文“Hey,bear!”的安抚性喊话，可以推断他们的首要行动意图是与熊拉开“距离”，以确保安全；distanceourselves意为“使我们自己远离”。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。