新课堂英语必修三北师大版讲义Unit9PartⅣ

PartIVLesson4CarCulture

课前预习学前热身，成竹在胸

I.重点单词

1.highwayn.公路

2.pavementn.人行道

3.crossroadsn.十字路口

4.amountn.数量

5.figuren.数字，数目

6.somehowadd以某种方式

7.whichever无论哪个

8.constructionn.建筑；建筑物->constructp.构筑；建造一*constructive建造的；建设性

constructively建设性地

9.physicaladj.身体的；物质的一physically4也.身体地；物质地一physics物理

10.enginen.发动机，引擎fengineer工程师

11.addicted。力.沉溺于...的一addict”使沉溺，使沉迷

12.admitv.承认，供认一admission〃.准许；承认

13.occupy占用foccuDalion".职业，工作

14.2山”.适合fsuitable。力合适的

II.核心短语

1.goup上升

2.onaverage平均；通常

3.becomparedwith与...木口比

4.slressedout焦虑不安；心力憔悴

5.nick叩捡起：开车接人

6.beaddicledto对...上瘾

7.sitaround闲坐

8.haveaneffecton对...有影响

9.getstuckin陷入...中，困在....中

1().sowhat那又怎样

11.keepfit保持健康

12.aroundthecorner在拐角处；即将来临

13.berelatedto与...有关

IH.经典句式

1.Ifso>whatkindofcarisit?

如果有车的话，那是什么车呢？

2.Thismorning2tookmefortyminutestogettowork.

今天早上我开车上班用了四十分钟。

3.Howoftendoweaniveatworkorschool,stressedout,tiredandangry?有多少次我们

在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？

4.Sometimesitcantakealittlebitlonger,butsowhat?

有时候乘公共交通工具可能会多花一点儿时间，但是这乂有什么关系呢？

5.Onaverage,aboutfortypeopletravelinonebus,whi。thesamenumberoccupythirty—three

cars.

平均而言，一辆公共汽车大约能够乘坐40人，而同样数量的人要占用33辆小汽车。

I单词攻略|

1.词根词缀

high（高的）+way（路）highwayn.公路

cross（交叉的）+road（路）-crossroads十字路口

construct（建造）H—ion（名词后缀）一construction〃.建筑；建筑物

addict（使沉溺，使沉迷）+—ed（形容词后缀）-addicted例/.沉溺于……的

2.语境记词

（1iCarenginesonthehighwayproducelargeamountsofwastegasperyear,whichisharmfulto

ourphysicalhealth.Worsehealth.Worsestilbtheirrealfigurehasbeengoingup.

每年公路上汽车发动机排放出大量的废气，他们对我们的身体健康非常有害。更糟糕的是，

它们的真实数量还一直在上升。

（2iWeareaddictedtousingourmotorcarsratherthanwalkingonthepavement,which,on

average,willoccupyalotofvehicles.

我们习惯开车而不是在人行道上步行，这通常会占用大量的交通工具。

（3）1admitthatthejobdoesn'tsuithim,whicheverwayyoulookatit.Somehow,hequitfromthe

constructionfield.我承认无论从哪方而看，这份工作就不适合他。不知为什么，彳也离开了建

筑行业。

3.图形记词

figure的多重含义

8数字,身材■人物”图形

原文呈现

TheRoadtoDestruction

二'ThiSJBQniing.illQQkjne.folWminutes〜KLgeJLtQJYQrk：,Moreroadconstructionworksonthe

A10!”“Ohreally?Ittookmeoveranhour.Therewasanaccident'ontheM11.n

“You'rebothlucky.lttookmetwohours!Youdon'thavetousetheM25.”

Howoftenhaveyouheardtheseconversations?Howoftendowegetstuckin1trafficjams?

HowoftendowearriveatworkorschoolstressedQUI‘tired@ndangry?Formanypeoplein

Britain,theansweriseveryday.Butangerandstressarenothing必幺。fJhe

molQ工二Herearesomefigures"：

•Inthelasttenyears,thenumberofcarsontheroadsinBritainhasgoneup'by?30%.

•Therearcnow25millioncarsinthiscountry.

•OverthreethousandpeopledieeveryyearinroadaccidentsinBritain.

•InLondon,carenginesproduce99%ofallcarbonmonoxideintheatmosphere.

•Twenty—fivethousanddeathsperyeararecausedbyairpollution.

•Sometypesofcancerarerelatedto?trafficpollution.

•Trafficisoneofthemajorcauses,ofglobalwarmingandclimatechange.Theaverageglobal

temperatureisabout0.5degreescentigradehigherthanitwas100yearsago.

Weknowthatcarsarebadforus.Sowhydowecarryon@usingourcarssomuch?Weallmake

excuses@："Thebusesareterrible.”"Thetrainsarealwayslate!”“Ihavengottimeto

walk."Pmtalkingaboutmyself,too.Iadmit®:Tmaddicted®tomycar.WhenIaskedJenny

TroweofGreenpeaceforadviceabouthowtogiveup®,shetoldmesixthings：

1Useyourlegs.Over25%ofcarjourneysareundertwomiles-shortjourneyswecouldeasily

walkorcycle.Legpowercansaveyoumoney,keepyoufitandhelpyoulivelonger.Andregular®

exercisecuts®therisk㉘ofheartdiseaseby50%!

2Usepublictransport.Onaverage®,aboutfortypeopletravelinonebus,white.th^s.arne

numbeLQCCupy㉚thirty-threecars.Sometimesitcantakealittlebit㉛longer,butsowhat®?

Youcanrelaxonthebusortrain,readabook,talktosomeone,meettheloveofyourlife一who

knows?

3Thinkbeforeyougo.Doyoureallyhavetogotothatshoppingcentreontheotherside®of

town?Whatabout®theshopsaroundthecorner®?Beforeyougetintoyourcar®,think

about@yyhethoQUreaUvn艮edtQinakethaljourne乂

4Share@cars.Ifyou'vereallygotto@useacar,sharejourneyswithsomeoneelss.ltismuch

cheaperandkindertotheenvironment.

5Don'tbelieveadvertisements!Nearlyaquarterof®alltheadvertisementsonTVareabout

cars.JuaiiQ匚也JhrougtLbgautifuJLcounliyd超.it'snot

true!Thatnewcarivon'tmakeyoumoreattractive.Andyouwon'tbedrivingonanemptycountry

road.YouUIbestuckinatrafficjaminacityoronahighway@!

6Takeaction©somehow@!Weoftenthinkthereisnothing业线can且卜。垣由鼠口。达殳2

p。］lutiQnanddangerQflraffic.Thereis.Ifyourstreet'sfullofheavytraffic,talktoyourneighbours

aboutit.Writetothepapers.Gotothecitygovemment.Askforaspeedlimit®.Askforapedestrian

area.DoMiicheYer®、Qfjthese」hing&JhaLsuit@~yQu.Don"justsitaround®and

complain®!

Allquitesimple®，isn'tit?Sixeasywaystoimproveourenvironment.Well»I'msorryImust

finishthisarticlc.I'vcgottopickup@mydaughterfromschoolatfouro'clock.ThenI'vegotto

drivetoSainsbury'stodotheshopping.AfterthatIhavetotakemysontoaparty.Andtomorrow

we'redriving®overtoseemymother.Thetraffic'sgoingtobeawful,butwhatcanv/edo?

阅读清障

©gettowork去上班

@construction/k?rfstr?k??n/〃.建筑；建筑物

underconstruction在建造之中

©accidentn.事故byaccident偶然，意外地

※卜takessbsometimetodosth某人花时间做某事。

®getstuckin陷在...中,卡住

©trafficjams交通堵塞

⑥stressedout（使）焦虑不安，疲惫不堪

⑦'.机动车辆的机马达，发动机

©figure/'口9?/几数字，数目

⑨thenumberof..........的数量

anumberof一些，若干

⑩goup上升

?by/"ep.表示数量、程度

Xstressedout,tiredandangry为形容词短语作伴随状语.

Xcomparedto...意为“和……相比”,过去分词短语作状语

?overprep.多于•

?engine/'end?In/〃.发动机，弓I擎

engineern.工程师；技师

engineeringn.工程学

?carbonmonoxide/,ka:b?nm?,n?ksald/一氧化碳

carbondioxide二氧化碳

?almospheren.大气；气氛

?per/p?：/adj.每,每一,

?berelatedto和...有关

?causen.起因”.引起

?averageM•.平均的几平均水平；平均数

?centigrade/'sentlgreld/n.®氏（度）

©carryon继续

©makeexcuses找借口

@承认，供认

admitdoingsth承认做了某事

admitsbto/into...允许某人进入...

麴addicted/?'dIklId/，M/.上瘾；入迷

beaddictedto沉溺于...

©giveup放弃

㉖regularM/.有规律的，定时的

够cut”.削减,缩减

cutdownon削减,缩小（尺寸、数量或数目）

©riskn.风险”.使...冒风险（或面临危险）

riskdoingsth冒险做某事

@onaverage平均

above/belowaverage高于/低于平均水平

㉚occupy/"kj?pal/w.占用（空间、面积、时间等）

beoccupied（in）doingsth/withsth忙于（做）某事

@alittlebit有点儿

©sowhat那又怎样？

Whatif...?如果...怎么样？

Xwhile作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表对比。

@theotherside（两边中的）另一边

@What/Howabout...?.......怎么样？表示征求对方的意见。

©aroundthecorner在拐角处：即将来临

®getintothecar上车getoutofthecar下车

©thinkabout考虑

Xwhether引导的从句作about的宾语。

@share”分享

sharesthwithsb与某人分担/分享某物

@havegotto=haveto必须,不得不

@aquarterof四分之一

@highway/'halwel/”.公品今

高速公路：expressway,freeway,motorway

※现在分词短语driving...作宾语补足语。应处是seesbdoingsth结构。

©takeaction采取行动

@somehow/，s?mha?/〃而.以其种方式

©limit//.[C]PRK，极限withoutlimit无限制地

®apedestrianarea步行区

⑯whichevei7wlt?'ev?/pn?〃.无论哪个

©suit/su:t/W.适合

⑥sitaround闲坐，无所事事

©complain说.抱怨

^wecando...traffic为定语从句，修饰nothing,此处省略了在从句中作宾语的关系代词that。

Xwhichever引导宾语从句，该宾语从句中，thatsuityou作thesethings的定语。

@allquitesimple是allisquitesimple的省略形式。

㉛pickup开车去接

©bedriving此处为现在进行时表示将来的动作。

I.Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.

1.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A.thenumberofcarsontheroadsinLondonhasrisenby30%inthepast10years

B.morethan8peopledieeverydayinroadaccidentsinBritain

C.thereare25millioncarsinLondon

D.twenty-fivethousanddeathsarecausedbypollutioneveryyear

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofusingyourlegs?

A.Itcankeepyoufit.

B.Itcansaveyoumoney.

C.Itcansaveyoutime.

D.Itcanhelpyoulivelonger.

3.JennyTrowelthinksthecaradvertisementsonTVare.

A.interestingB.attractive

C.untrueD.reliable

4.Whatcanyoudotodealwiththepollutionanddangeroftraffic?

A.Complaintoyourneighbors.

B.Writetoyourneighbors.

C.Askthegovernmentforaspeedlimit.

D.Forbidotherstousecars.

答案LB2.C3.C4.C

II.Readthetextagainandcompletethefollowingform.

Title：TheRoadtoDestruction

♦Thereaie25millioncarsinBiilainnowandthenumber

Somefigures

has1.increasedby30%inthelastdecade.

aboutthereal

♦Over25%ofcarjourneysarelessthantwomiles.

costsofthemotor

car♦NearlyaquarteroftheTV2.advertisementsareabout

cars.

Leg3.powercansaveyoumoney,keep

Useyour

youfit,helpyoulivelongerandcutthe

legs.

riskof4.heartdiseaseby50%.

Onaverage,about5.fortypeopletravelin

onebus,whilethesamenumberoccupy

Usepublic

thirty-threecars.Youcan6.relaxonthe

transport.

busortrain,readabook,talkto

Sixpiecesofsomeone...

Beforeyougetintoyourcar,thinkabout

adviceabouthowThinkbefore

whetheryoureallyneedto7.travel/goto

todrivelessgivenyougo.

byJennyTrowelashoppingcenterfaraway.

It'scheaperandmore8.friendlytothe

ofGreenpeaceSharecars.

environment.

Don'tbelieveThenewcarwon'tmakeyoumore

advertisementsattractive.You,llbe9.stuckinatraffic

•ijaminacityoronahighway!

Talktoyourneighboursaboutit.Writcto

Takeactionthepapers.Gotothecitygovernment.Ask

somehow!foraspeed10.limit.Askforapedestrian

area.

IH.Analyzcthefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.

1.Thismorningittookmefortyminutestogettowork.

［句式分析］

P格式主语

Thismorning向lookmef°nyminuic$k。gcilowork|.

L时间状语工调讲动词L宾讲L(o不定式作真正主讲

［尝试翻译］今天早上我开车上班用了四卜分钟。

2.Howoftendowearriveatworkorschool,stressedout»tiredandangry?

［句式分析］

|How0.询(10wearriveatworkorschool,即csscd

tiredandangry?

匚扁苏短i阳作伴随状语

［尝试翻译］TT多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？

用言输入I语境讲练,重视语用

••鲁图单词•・

1.amountn,数量W.&泣合计；总计

AmountofTVadvertising(教材P42)

电视广告的数量

largeamountsof=alargeamountof大量(修饰不可数名词)

inlargc/smallamount大量地/少量地

amountto共计，合计

①Alargeamountofmoneywasspentonthenewbuilding.=Largeamountsofmoneywere(be)

spentonthenewbuilding.

建这座新大楼花了很多钱。

②ThistypeofTVhasbeensoldinlarge/smallamount.

这款电视己大/小量销售。

③Theygavemesomehelpinthebeginningbutitdidnotamounttoagreatdeal.

起初他们给了我一些帮助，但帮助不大。

【名师点津］

(l)alargeamountof+不可数名词+谓语动词单数形式。

(2)largeamountsof+不可数名词+谓语动词复数形式。

2.figuren.数字；身材；人物；图画"计算；估计

Herearcsomefigures：(教材P42)

这里有一些数据：

［一词多义］写出下列句中figure的含义

①Myunclehasanincomeofsevenfiguresayear.数字

②Hehasbecomeafigureknowntoeveryone.人物

③Shedoesexerciseeverymorningtokeepherfigure.身材

@Thewallwascoveredwithfiguresofbirdsandflowers.图案

⑤Figurethesituationforyourself.WhatcouldIdo?想象

@Wefiguredthesensiblethingtodowastowait.认为

figureout计算出；想出；理解

figureon指望；打算

figurethat...认为...

⑦Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?

旅行要花多少费用你算出来没有？

3.admit承认，供认；容纳；接受

Iadmit：I'maddictedtomycar.(教材P43)

我承认：我沉迷于汽车难以自拔。

(1)admit(that)承认...

admit(to)doingsth承认做过...

admitsbto/into允许某人进入...;被....录取

⑵admission儿承认，供认；允许进入/加入；录取/允许进入的过程或人数；入场费

①Iadmittedb「caking/havingbrokcn(brcak)thcwindow.

我承认打破了窗户。

②Hewasadmittedinlo/loBeijingUniversity.

他被北京大学录取了。

③Youmaynotlikeher,butyouhavetoadmitthatsheisgoodatherwork.

你可能不喜欢她，但你得承认她工作很出色。一

4.addicted必・沉溺于...的

I'maddictedtomycar.(教材P43)

我沉迷于汽车难以自拔。

(1ibe/get/becomeaddictedto

沉溺于...；对....上瘾(10为介词)

(2)addictvt.使沉溺；使人迷；使上瘾n.瘾君子；对...入迷的人

addictoneselfto沉溺于...(to为介词)

①Manystarsareaddictedtodrugs,andcan'tgiveup.

许多明星沉溺于毒品而无法戒掉。

②Theyoungmanaddictedhimself(him)toalcoholafterthefailureofhismaniage.

自从婚姻失败后，那个年轻人沉溺于泗精难以自拔。

©Addictedtosurfing(surf)ontheNet,thekidstayedinthenetbarallnight,notgoinghome.

由于沉溺于上网，这个孩子整夜待在网吧里不回家。

5.occupy"占领，占据；占用(时间、空间、面积等)；使忙于；(使)全神贯注

Onaverage,aboutfortypeopletravelinonebus,whilethesamenumberoccupythirty—three

cars.(教材P43)

平均而言，大约40人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。

(1)occupyoneselfwith/insth便自己忙于某事

(2ioccupicdadj.(人)忙碌的；(物)在使用中，已占用

beoccupiedwithsth/indoingsth忙于(做)某事

(3)occupationn.职业

@Ateachershouldoccupyhimsclf(him)witheducationaswellasinteaching.

教师不仅要专心于教书还要育人。

©Occupied(occupy)inlookingafterthreechildrenaihome,shenolongerhasLime10enjoythe

variousactivitiesintheclub.

忙于在家照顾三个孩子，她再也无暇去俱乐部进行娱乐活动。

③Pleasefillintheformstatingyouroccupation(occupy).请在表格中填入你的职'也。

6.suitW.适合

Dowhicheverofthesethingsthatsuityou.(教材P43)

做任何适合你的事。

(l)suitsthtosb/sth使某物适合某物(人)

besuitedto/for适合于...,适宜于....

(2)suitableadj.合适的，适宜的

besuitablefor/to适合于...

①WillitsuityouifIcomearoundatthree?

我3点左右来，你觉得合适吗？

②Theprogramisn'tsuitableforchildren.

这个节目儿童不宜。一

［易混辨析］fit/suit/match

fit表示大小、形状、尺寸合适，引申为“吻合”“协调”等

强调款式、颜色等合适，还用于表示某时间、安排、条件、

suit

需要、品味、地位的合适

“与……匹配”，强调一物与另一物相配，多指颜色、款式、

match

风格等方面的搭酉己。(=gowith)

［即学即用］选用上述单词填空

（3）Ilisdifficulttofindatimethatsuilseverybody.

®Itriedthedressbutitdidn'tfitme.

⑤Thepaintingonthewallmatchedthehallperfectly.

短语•・

1.comparedto/with...-^.......相比

Butangerandstressarenothingcomparedtotherealcostsofthemotorcar.（教材P42）

但是比起汽车的实际代价，恼怒和紧张还是微不足道的。

（1icompare...wilh/to...把...和....比较

compare...to...把...比作....

comparewith...与...匹敌（通常用在否定句中）

（2）incomparisonwith...与...相比

①Wecancomparetheconditionswiththeirs.

我们可以把我们的条件与他们的相比较。

②Man'slifeisoftencomparedtoacandle.

人生常被喻为蜡烛。

③Myroomissmallincomparison（compare）withyours.

与你的房间比我的小厂

2.g。up（价格、气温等）上升，增加；升起

Inthelasttenyears,thenumberofcarsontheroadsinBritainhasgoneupby30%.（教材P42）

过去10年中，英国路上行驶的汽车数量上升了30%o

goby经过，过去

goover复习，检查

goagainst反对，对着，违背

①Thepriceofoilhasgoneupbyover50%inlessthanayear.

油价在不到一年内就涨了50%多。

②Hewentovertheplansagainanddiscoveredtwomistakes.

他再次审查齐划，发现了两处错误。

③Hewentagainstmywisheswhenhedidthat.

他那样做违背了我的意愿。

3.onaverage通常；平均

Onaverage,aboutfortypeopletravelinonebus,whilethesamenumberoccupythirty-three

cars.（教材P43）

平均而言，大约40人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。

above/belowaverage在一般水平以上/下；在平均数以上/以下

on（an/the）average通常，一般来说：按平均数计算

anaverageof平均为（接数词）

averagev.平均是；平均为

①Hisschoolworkiswellabove/belowaverage.

他的学习成绩在平均水平以上（以下）。

②Anaverageofjust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,makingitthedriestyearsinceCalifornia

becameastatein1850.

去年平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米，使其成为自1850年加利福尼亚成为州以来最干旱的一年。

••啕龄।句式••

1.Howoftendowearriveatworkorschoolstressedout,tiredandangry?（教材P42）

有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？

本句中stressedout,tiredandangry作状语，用来说明主语wc的状态。tired为过去分词形式

的形容词。

形容词在句中作状语，其功能在于说明主语的特征或状态。可以作伴随、原因、让步状语。

©Afraidofbeingcaught,thethiefhidhimselfinthecorner.

由于害怕被抓住，这个小偷藏在角落里。（表原因）

②Ripe,theseapplesareverysweet.

熟了时，这些苹果是很甜的.（表时间）

③Therabbitturnedover,dead.

这只兔子翻了个身，死了。（表结果）

@Hopeless（hope）,wewatchedhalfayear'sfooddestroyedbeforeus.我们毫无办法，眼睁睁地看

着半年的粮食在我们面前给毁掉了。（表伴随）

2.Onaverage,aboutfortypeopletravelinonebus,whilethesamenumberoccupythirty—three

cars.（教材P43）

平均而言，大约40个人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。

while为并列连词，连接两个并列句，表示转折、对比，意为“而，去广；另外，while还可

以用作从属连词，意为“只要；当……时候；尽管”。

①Youlikesports,whileI'dratherread.

你喜欢体育，而我却喜欢读书。

②Hetookabathwhile]waspreparingdinner.

我准备晚餐的时候他在洗澡。

③Whilethere'slifetherehope.

只要活着就有希望。

④WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican'tagreewithyou.虽然我理解你的意思,但我

还是不同意。

语言内化强化语感，迁移运用

I.单词拼写

1.Neverbecomeaddicted（上瘾）tocomputergames.

2.一Thedrivershouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.

—Thafsright.Hehimselfalsoadmitted（承认）lhathewastoblame.

3.Hesatdownathisdesktoworkouttheexactfigures（数字）.

4.Thisanangemenlsuits（适合）youbothverymuch.

5.Theyspentequalamounts（数量）oftimeinCaliforniaandNewYork.

6.It'sbelievedthatthesewingmachinewillsoonoccupyf占用）abouthalfoftheworldmarket.

7.Theroadisunderconstruction(54).Pleaseturnbacktotakeanotherroad.

8.Themanagerwasabsentyesterdaybecauseofhisphysical(身体上的)siluation.Hewasillin

hospital.

n.选词填空

pickup,onaverage,getstuck,beaddictedto,goup,comparedto

1.Comparedtomanyotherstudents,Iamveryluckyindeed.

2.Ifyouareaddictedtoplavieggames,thenyouhavereachedyourdestination.

3.ThetrafficinBeijingissoheavythatpeopleoftengetstuckontheirwaystowork.

4.Shewentovertoherparents*housetopickupsomecleanclothes.

5.Thewaterintheriverhasgone_upby2metersbecauseoftheheavyrain.

6.Atpresentapublicbicycleisrentedandreturnedfourtimesadayonaverage.

HI.完成句子

1.Wetorfine,hegotupatsixandtookawalkinthepark.

不管是晴天还是下雨天，他总是六点起床，并到公园里散步。

2.rdliketostudylawatuniversitywhilemycousinprefersgeography.

我上大学时想学法律，而我表妹想学地理。

3.Atthepolicestation,thethiefadmittedbreaking/havingbrokenintoIhebank.

在公安局，小偷承认自己闯进了那家银行。

4.Thechildrenhavebeenaddictedtnonlinegames.

孩子们对网络游戏上超了。

5.Helenisfullyoccupiedwithbusinessmatters,sowedon^wanttobotherher.

海伦正全力忙着生意上的事情，所以我们不想去打扰她。

6.Alargeamounlofmoneyhasbeenspentonthisprojectsofar.

迄今为止，一大笔钱己经花在了这个工程上。

课时作业沙场练兵，大显身手

I.单句语法填空

1.Wecan'twait.Wehavetofigureoutthedirectionandthedistancebeforewetakeaction.

2.Ifyouhadgoneoveryourtestpaperbeforehandingitin,youwouldhavemadefewmistakes.

3.Suchpeopleasdisobeyrulesshouldn'tbeadmittedto/intotheparty.

4.Somechildrenareaddictedhopelesslytotelevision.

5.Hewasagoodstudentandscoredaboveaverageinmostsubjects.

6.Afterthelongjourney,threeofthemwentbackhome,tjred(tiring).

7.Theboyisaddictedtoplaying(play)computergames.

8.Largeamountsofreliefmaterialwereconveyud(convey)tothefloodarea.

9.Compared(compare)tohisbrother,heistaller.

10.Thepriceofhousesgoesupandpeoplefromtheareacannotaffordtobuyahousethere.

II.单句改错

1.Comparingwiththeoldones,ilismuchbetter.ComDarinqfCompared

2.She'sfullyoccupiedinlookafterthreesmallchildrcnJook-,-looking

3.Headmittedtookthemoneybutpromisednevertodoitagain,took-^taking

4.Don'taddictyoutosuchfoolishthingsanylonger.youyourself

5.Thedressislargeforme.Inotherwords,itdoesn'tsuitme.suiLfit

HI.课文语法填空

Take1.action(act)somchow!Weoftenthinkthereisnothingwecandoaboutthenoise,

2.pollution(pollute)anddangeroftraffic.Thereis.Ifyourstreet^full3.ofheavytraffic,talktoyour

neighborsaboutit.Writetothepapers.Gotothecitygovernment.Askfor4.aspeedlimit.Askfora

pedestrianarea.Do5.whichever（which）ofthesethingsthatsuityou.Don'ljustsitaroundand

complain!

Allquitesimple,isn'tit?Well,I'msorryImustfinishthisarticle.rvegottopick6.upmydaughter

fromschool7.atfouro'clock.ThcnI'vegottodrivetoSainsbury'stodothe

8.shopping（shop）.After9.thatIhavetotakemysontoaparty.Andtomorrowwe'redrivingover

10.tosee（see）mymother.Thetraffic'sgoingtobeawful,butwhatcanwedo?

IV.阅读理解7J

Self-drivingcarsmightmakeyourfuturetravelalotmorepleasant,buttheywon'treduce（缓解）

traffic.

Carproducershavementionedthattrafficreductionisoneofthemany露|冷灰。里3

advantagesofhavingself-drivingcarsontheroad.Theideaisthatself—工

drivingcarswillreduceaccidentscausedbyhumanmistakes.Butexpertssay

self—drivingcars,influenceontrafficwillprobablybebad,

LewFulton,aco—directoratUCDavis'InstituteofTransportation

Studies（ITS）,saidthatself-drivingcarswon'tfixtrafficproblemsunlessapricingsystemisputin

placethatdiscouragesself-drivingcars.Forexample,manycompaniesareinterestedin

programmingself—drivingcarstodosomething,whichcouldincreasetrafficontheroad,Fulton

said.

Massachusettslawmakershavealreadysuggestedintroducingatax（税）ondriverlesscars.Itcalls

foratleast$0.025permile.

Trafficjams（堵塞）couldalsoworsenascompanieslikeLucidMotorstrytoproduceself—driving

carswithrecliningseats（可躺座椅）.Peoplemaychoosetolivefartheroutsideofcitiesiftheycan

travelincarsthatallowthemtosleepandrelax.Butthatincreasesthenumberofpeopletravellingin

andoutofcitiesduringrushhour,Fultonsaid.

Withoutthecostofadriver,Fultonsaidheworriesself-drivingUbersorLyftswillbecomeso

cheapitwillbehardtopushpeopletochoosecar-sharingserviceslikeUberPOOL."Ithinkit,s

goingtotakesomekindofpricingsystemthatdiscouragescarswithoutasinglepassenger,"he

said.

Somecitieshavealreadystartedprogrammesthatdiscouragepeoplefromtakingcartripsalone.For

example,ChicagoandNewYorkCityhavesetuplanes（车道）thatsingle-passengercarsmustpay

somemoneytouse.Thatmoneyincreasesduringrushhour.

【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章解释了将来的无人驾驶汽车为什么没有办法解决目前的

交通问题。

1.Whatdocarproducersthinkofself—drivingcars?

A.Theyaresafe.

B.Theyarefast.

C.Theysavebuyersmoney.

D.Theyincreasetrafficslightly.

答案A［推理判断题。由第二段中的Theideaisthatself—drivingcarswillreduceaccidents

causedbyhumanmistakes可知，汽车生产商认为无人驾驶汽车可避免人为的操作失误，因此

更安全。］

2.WhatdoMassachusettslawmakerssuggest?

A.Introducingataxoncarproducers.

B.Increasingthesellingpriceofself-drivingcars.

C.Pushinguptherunningcostsofself—drivingcars.

D.Callingfordriverstoavoidtravellingduringrushhour.

答案C［细节理解题。由笫四段中的introducingataxondriverlesscars.ltcallsforatleast

$0.025permile可知，马萨诸塞州的律师建议根据汽车行驶里程征税，即提高汽车的运行成

本C］

3.Whatwillhappenifthereareself-drivingcarswithrecliningseats?

A.Morepeoplewillliveincitycentres.

B.Peoplewillspendlessmoneyontransport.

C.Peoplearelikelytotravellongerdistances.

D.Therewillbelightertrafficduringrushhour.

答案C［推理判断题。由第五段中的Peoplemaychoosetolivefartheroutsideofcitiesifthey

cantravelincarsthatallowthemtosleepandrelax可知，配置可躺座椅的无人驾驶汽车会使更

多的人住到离城市更远的地万，所以人们行驶的距离会变长。1

4.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Whatcarswillwedriveinthefuture?

B.Wherewillwetravelwithself-drivingcars?

C.Howcanself-drivingcarssolvetrafficproblems?

D.Whyself-drivingcarscouldbeterriblefortraffic?

答案D［标题归纳题。本文主要从无人驾驶汽车会增加交通流量和行驶距离来说明为什么

它们从根本上解决不了目前的交通问题。D项作标题最能概括文章主旨。］

V.完形填空

Abeautiful,expensivelydressedladycametoseeherdoctorandcomplainedthather

whole1wasempty；ithadnomeaning.

Thedoctorcalledovertheoldladywho2theofficefloors,andthensaidtotherichlady,“I'm

goingto3Maryheretotellyouhowshefoundhappiness.4Iwantyoutodoistolisten.

Sotheoldladyput5herbroomandbeganherstory：uWell,myhusbanddiedofmalaria（疟

疾）andthreemonthslatermy6sonwaskilledbyacar.Ihadnobody...Ihadnothing7.I

couldn'tsleep；Icouldn'tcat；Ineversmiledat8,Ieventhoughtoftakingmyownlife.Then

oneeveningalittle9followedmehomefromwork.SomehowIfelt10forit.Idecidedto

letthecat11.Igotitsomemilk,anditlickedthe］2clean.Thenitpurred（咕噜叫）and

rubbed（蹭）againstmy13,andforthefirsttimeinmonths,Ismilcd.ThcnIbegantothink：if

14alittlecatcouldmakemesmile,maybedoingsomethingforpeoplecouldmake

me15.SothenextdayItooksomebiscuitstoaneighborwhowas16inbed.EverydayI

triedtodosomething17forsomeone.ltmademesohappyto18themhappy.Today,Idon't

knowofanybodywhosleepsandeatsbetterthanIdo.FvefoundJ9,bygivingittoothers.”

Whensheheardthat,therichladycricd.Shchadeverythingthat20couldbuy,butshehadlost

thethingswhichmoneycouldn'tbuy.

【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一个很富有的少妇对医生哭诉自己的生活空虚无意义。但是

医生叫她听了一个扫地阿姨悲惨的命运以及那个扫地阿姨是如何重新找到活下去的意义的故

事。

1.A.houseB.room

C.lifeD.family

答案C［一个美丽的穿着昂贵衣服的女士向她的心理医生抱怨道，她的整个人生是空虚的，

没有任何意义。故选C。］

2.A.cleaned