浙江省金华市十校2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省金华市十校2024-2025学年高一上学期期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthewomantypetheletterfortheman?A.Inthemorning. B.Intheafternoon. C.Intheevening.【答案】B【原文】M:Wouldyoutypethisletterforme?W:Ofcourse.Butcanitwaituntilafterlunch?M:Yes,aslongasit’smailedthisevening.2.Whichteamwonthisyear?A.GreenHouse. B.BlueHouse. C.RedHouse.【答案】B【原文】W:Howissportsday?Didgreenhousewinthemostevents?M:Well,greenhouseusuallywins,butthisyeartheycamesecond.Redhousewassurprisinglygoodaswell,butbluehousegotthehighesttotalofpointsintheend.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Changeashirt. B.Returnasuit. C.Buyatie.【答案】C【原文】M:Couldyouhelpme?IboughtthisshirtyesterdayandI’mtryingtofindatiethatwouldgowellwithit.W:Doesthisblueoneinterestyou?Ithasasimilarcolortoyoursuit.4.Whatistheweatherlikeontheisland?A.Sunny. B.Stormy. C.Cloudy.【答案】B【原文】W:Higrandpa.I’mphoningyoufromtheisland.Howareyoudoing?M:Good.It’slovelysunnyweatherhereandthere’snocloud.What’sitlikethere?W:We’reinthemiddleofastorm.We’rewatchingitinourroom.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewon’thavetimetoreadabook.B.Shehastofinishherreportonthetrip.C.Sheneedstohaveagoodsleeponthetrip.【答案】A【原文】M:Monica,I’vegotagreatbookforyoutotakeonyourtrip.It’llhelpyourelax.W:Areyoukidding?WhenI’mnotsleeping,I’llbereviewingthe300report.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hehasaheavycold. B.Hisearshurtbadly. C.Heisoverweight.7.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Dosomeexercise. B.Takearelaxingholiday. C.Haveagoodrest.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】W:165pounds?Verygood.What'sthematter?M:Ihaveasorethroatandafever.W:Doyouhaveanearache?M:KindofmyrightearhurtsalittleandIhavearunnynoseandabadheadache.W:Well,youhaveabadheadcold,takesomevitaminc,drinklotsofwaterandgetsomesleep.Relax.Don'tworksohardoryou'regoingtogetworse.M:Okay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhenwillthespeakersmeetonFriday?A.At11:00a.m. B.At1:00p.m. C.At2:00p.m.9.Whatdoesthewomanneedtotakewithher?A.References. B.Aletter. C.Anapplicationform.【答案】8.C9.C【原文】W:Icalljusttoseeifwecanfixatimefortheinterview.M:Okay,howaboutFridaymorningJanet?Aroundeleveno’clock.W:OhsorryIhavelecturesbutIcouldmaketheafternoonfromonePMtothreePM.M:TwoPM?M:FineandcanIjustcheckonwhereyouare?Isitfindonavenue?W:No,it’sfarndonavenue.That’sFARNDONit’soffeastgate.W:Eastgatefine.IsthereanythingIneedtobringalongtotheinterview?M:Wellyoudoneedtofillinanapplicationform.I’llputoneinthepostwiththeletterforyou.Justremembertobringitalongwithyou.W:Whataboutreferences?ShouldIbringany?M:No,youdon’thaveto.W:Greatthanks.Bye.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Husbandandwife. C.Bossandsecretary.11.Accordingtotheman,whatwashedoingwhenthewomancalled?A.Working. B.Havingadrink. C.Cooking.12.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’swords?A.Pleased. B.Surprised. C.Doubtful.【答案】10.B11.B12.C【原文】W:Whydoyoucomebacksolate?M:Sorry.Thetruthismybossisbeingreallyannoyingthisweek.Youknowwhatit’slikeattheendofthemonth?It’sanightmare.W:Funnyenough,Icalledyouattheofficethiseveningandtherewasnoreply.M:Well,believeitornot,thebossleteveryonegooutforacupofcoffeeforhalfanhour.Thatwasprobablywhenyoucalled.W:Areyoukidding?There’snowaythewholeofficewouldgooutatthesametime.YoumustthinkI’mafool.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Sleepy. B.Exhausted. C.Concerned.14.WhatrelationisBradtotheman?A.Hisstudent. B.Hisson. C.Hisclassmate.15.WhatdoesBradplantodoafterleavinghighschool?A.Travelabroad. B.Gotocollege. C.Findafull-timejob.16.WhatdoesthewomanthinkisoneoftheadvantagesofBrad’splan?A.Itmaybehelpfulinhiscareerplanning.B.Hecanlearnsomeskillstogetagoodjob.C.Hecanearnenoughmoneytosupporthimself.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.A【原文】W:Jim,youlooklikeyouhaven’tsleptinaweek.M:Well,I’vebeenworriedaboutBradrecently.Hejustgraduatedfromhighschool.MywifeandIhavealwaysfeltthatagoodeducationisoneofthemostimportantthingsinlife.ButBradsayshewantstotakeayearofftogoabroadandworkparttime,thenstartcollegelater.W:Andyoudon’tthinkthat’sagoodidea?M:No,Idon’t.Hecantravelandworkafterhegraduates.Imean,whatifhenevergoestocollege?W:Butmaybetravelingandworkingbeforehestartscollegewouldbeagoodthing.He’dlearnresponsibility,getexposedtodifferentplacesandpeople.Maybeitwouldhelphimdecidewhathe’dliketodointhefuture.M:ButIreallythinkheshouldgotocollegefirst.Thenatleasthe’llhaveskillstogetagoodjobandhe’llbeabletosupporthimself.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkisimportantforhisjob?A.Job-relatedtests. B.Goodteamwork. C.Brillianttalent.18.Whatmakesthespeakerenthusiasticabouthiswork?A.Variety. B.Holidayarrangements. C.Retiredpay.19.Whatisthespeakerdissatisfiedwith?A.Salary. B.Agelimit. C.Healthcareservice.20.Howoldisthespeakernow?A.18 B.28. C.44.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.C【原文】Ialwayswantedtobeafireman.Tobeacceptedyouhavetopassanumberofjobrelatedtests,bothwrittenandpractical,someofwhicharephysicalandothersthathavemoretodowithyourtalentforthework.Aboveall,yourworkingaspartofagroupwhenyourelyoneachothertodothejobwellandthatisimportantformywork.Also,Ifindthatnotwodaysarethesameandthiskeepsmyinteresthigh.Ourworkvariesgreatlyfromanimalrescuestoroadtrafficaccidents.Justabouteveryemergencysituationyoucouldthinkof.TheonlyrealcomplaintIhaveaboutmyjobatpresentwouldhavetobethepay.I'vebeenafirefightersinceIwaseighteen,whichis26yearsnow,andIearn21,000pounds.Thisislessthanthestartingsalaryofapoliceofficerinmanyforces.Luckilythereverygoodholiday.Arrangementsandexcellentretirementbenefitsandyoumightexpect,healthcareserviceisverygoodandwealltaketheissuesofpersonalfitnessextremelyseriously.Sotherearegymsandalotofothersportsfacilitiesonhandinmoststations.Ifyou'regoodatsport,theservicewillhelpyoubeasgoodasyoucanbe.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThefollowingisalistoffavoritebookschosenbyourreaders.Tryone,youmightlikeit!Ifyouhaveafavoritebookyouwouldliketoshare,letusknow!ThePerksofBeingaWallflowerbyStephenChboskyisanovelthatfollowsthelifeofCharlie,ahighschoolfreshmanwhofindshiswaythroughthecomplexitiesofteenagelife.ThestoryisuniquelytoldthroughletterswrittenbyCharlie,allowingreaderstoseehisinnerthoughtsandemotionsashestruggleswithissuessuchasfriendship,love,loss,andself-discovery.ProjectHailMarybyAndyWeirisasciencefictionnovelthatfollowsthestoryofRylandGrace,amanwhowakesuponaspaceshipwithnomemoryofwhoheisorwhyheisthere.Hesoondiscoversthatheisonamission(使命)tosavehumanbeingsfromanalienattack.Thebookcombineselementsofsuspense,science,andadventureasRylandtriestorevealthemysteryandfindasolutiontosaveEarth.TheFlatsharebyBethO’LearyfollowsthestoryofTiffyandLeon,whoshareaflatwithoutevermeetinginperson,communicatingonlythroughpost-itnotesleftforeachother.Thebookexplorestheiruniquelivingarrangement,theirindividualstruggles,andthedevelopmentoftheirrelationshipinanoddandheartwarmingway.TheGreatGatsbybyF.ScottFitzgeraldisaclassicAmericannovelsetinthe1920s,describingtheexcessesandstrugglesoftheJazzAge.ThestoryfollowsthemysteriousJayGatsbywhotransformshimselftowinbackhislostlove,DaisyBuchanan,showingthemesoftheinfluenceofwealthandthenatureoftheAmericanDream.21.Whosebookwillattractthoseinterestedinouterspace?A.StephenChbosky. B.AndyWeir.C.BethO’Leary. D.F.ScottFitzgerald.22.WhatdoThePerksofBeingaWallflowerandTheFlatsharehaveincommon?A.Theyfocusoncampuslife.B.Theyarewrittenintheformofletters.C.Theydescribethecharacters’strugglesinlife.D.Theyexploretheuniquelifestyleoftheyouth.23.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Amagazine.C.Asciencefictionnovel. D.Astorybook.【答案】21.B22.C23.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本读者推荐的书的主题和主要内容。【21题详析】推理判断题。根据ProjectHailMary中的第一句话“ProjectHailMarybyAndyWeirisasciencefictionnovelthatfollowsthestoryofRylandGrace,amanwhowakesuponaspaceshipwithnomemoryofwhoheisorwhyheisthere.(《拯救计划》（ProjectHailMary）是安迪·威尔（AndyWeir）创作的一部科幻小说，讲述了赖兰·格雷斯（RylandGrace）的故事。他在一艘太空飞船上醒来，却对自己的身份以及为何会在这里毫无记忆。)”可知，《拯救计划》的作者是AndyWeir，内容与外太空有关，能吸引对外太空感兴趣的读者。故选B项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据ThePerksofBeingaWallflower中的第二句话“ThestoryisuniquelytoldthroughletterswrittenbyCharlie,allowingreaderstoseehisinnerthoughtsandemotionsashestruggleswithissuessuchasfriendship,love,loss,andself-discovery.(这个故事讲述方式独特，通过查理所写的信件展开，让读者能够通过他面对友谊、爱情、失去和自我发现等问题时的挣扎看到他的内心想法和情感。)”及TheFlatshare中的第二句话“Thebookexplorestheiruniquelivingarrangement,theirindividualstruggles,andthedevelopmentoftheirrelationshipinanoddandheartwarmingway.(这本书以一种奇特而温暖人心的方式，探讨了他们独特的共同生活模式、各自的内心挣扎，以及他们之间关系的发展。)”可知，这两本书都描写了主人公的内心挣扎。故选C项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据全文第一句话“Thefollowingisalistoffavoritebookschosenbyourreaders.(以下是我们的读者选出的他们最喜欢的书籍清单。)”结合下文对四本书的主要内容的介绍可推知，这极有可能是杂志上读者推荐专栏的一篇文章。故选B项。BFashioninspiredbytraditionalChinesecultureisexperiencingrevivedglobalinterest,withdesignersandtheircollectionsincreasinglyimpressingfashionshowaudiences.AtChina-FranceFashionWeek,heldattheChinaCulturalCenterinParis,designersshowed30outfits(服装),eachpresentingtheculturalheritageofQuanzhou,acoastalcityinEastChina’sFujianprovince,whichbecameaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2021.“Theeventpromotedadialoguebetweentraditionandmodernity,EasternandWesternaesthetics(美学),”saysdesignerMengYueming,33.Borrowingelements(元素)ofthecity’sheritage,includingzanhua,thetraditionaldressofHui’anwomen,localteaculture,andarchitecture,Mengmixedtraditionalandmodernelementsintohisdesigns.Describingtheshowas“fantastic”,IsabelleLawson,executivedirectoroftheFrenchInternationalArtSalon,saysitwasa“brilliant”ideaforthedesignerstotransformQuanzhou’slandmarksandarchitectureintothedesigns.TheweekwasdesignedtodeepenChina-FranceculturalexchangeandstrengthencooperationintheculturalandcreativeindustriesbetweenChinaandFrance.“Beforethisshow,myunderstandingoftraditionalculturewassuperficial,butwhenIdugdeeper,Ifoundatreasureinfrontofmetoexplore,”Mengsays,addingthathefeelsthatusingChineseelementsisimportantfornativedesignersandcompaniestogoglobal.Meng’sexperiencehighlightshowanincreasingnumberofdesignersaredrawingontheirheritageandculturaltraditionswhilecelebratingtheirownculturalidentity.ForMeng,itisgoodtimeforChinesedesignerstofindtheirvoiceontheglobalstage,andtoshowhowrichandgraceful.Chinese-stylecanbetoday.24.Whatwasspecialaboutthe30outfits?A.Theybroughtaboutachangeinfashion.B.Theywereinspiredbymodernwesternfashion.C.TheyincludedelementsofChinesecultureinthedesign.D.TheywerecreatedbyChineseandFrenchdesignerstogether.25.WhatwastheaimoftheFashionWeek?A.Topromotecross-culturalcommunication.B.Tostrengthenasenseofculturalidentity.C.Toshowdesigners’wonderfulcollections.D.TointroduceChinesetraditionaldresstotheworld.26.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“superficial”inparagraph5?A.Narrow. B.Unique. C.Detailed. D.Balanced.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ChineseDesigners:AVoiceinFashionB.CelebratingCulturalDiversityThroughFashionShowC.ChineseElementsShineontheGlobalFashionStageD.FashionChanges:FromTraditionaltoModernElements【答案】24.C25.A26.A27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在巴黎中国文化中心举行的中法时装周上，设计师们展示了融合了中国传统文化元素的30套服装，旨在深化中法文化交流，加强两国文化创意产业的合作。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AtChina-FranceFashionWeek,heldattheChinaCulturalCenterinParis,designersshowed30outfits(服装),eachpresentingtheculturalheritageofQuanzhou,acoastalcityinEastChina’sFujianprovince,whichbecameaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2021.(在巴黎中国文化中心举行的中法时装周上，设计师们展示了30套服装，每一套都展示了泉州的文化遗产。泉州是中国东部福建省的一个沿海城市，于2021年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。)”可知每一套都展示了泉州的文化遗产，说明这30套衣服在设计中加入了中国文化的元素。故选C。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“TheweekwasdesignedtodeepenChina-FranceculturalexchangeandstrengthencooperationintheculturalandcreativeindustriesbetweenChinaandFrance.(该活动旨在深化中法文化交流，加强中法文化创意产业合作。)”可知时装周的目的是深化中法文化交流，也就是促进跨文化交流。故选A。【26题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“butwhenIdugdeeper,Ifoundatreasureinfrontofmetoexplore(但当我深入挖掘时，我发现面前有一块宝藏可以探索。)”可知上下文是转折关系，所以上文意思是在这次展览之前，“我”对传统文化的理解是肤浅的，所以superficial意思是“肤浅的，有限的”，和narrow意思相近，故选A。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“FashioninspiredbytraditionalChinesecultureisexperiencingrevivedglobalinterest,withdesignersandtheircollectionsincreasinglyimpressingfashionshowaudiences.AtChina-FranceFashionWeek,heldattheChinaCulturalCenterinParis,designersshowed30outfits(服装),eachpresentingtheculturalheritageofQuanzhou,acoastalcityinEastChina’sFujianprovince,whichbecameaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2021.(受中国传统文化启发的时尚正重新受到全球的关注，设计师和他们的作品越来越多地打动了时装秀的观众。在巴黎中国文化中心举行的中法时装周上，设计师们展示了30套服装，每一套都展示了泉州的文化遗产。泉州是中国东部福建省的一个沿海城市，于2021年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。)”可知文章主要讲述了在巴黎中国文化中心举行的中法时装周上，设计师们展示了融合了中国传统文化元素的30套服装，旨在深化中法文化交流，加强两国文化创意产业的合作。所以C选项“中国元素闪耀全球时尚舞台”符合文章大意，适合做标题，故选C。CIfyou’reaboatlover,enjoybeingonthewaterandaresearchingfortheperfectmixofperformance,eco-friendlinessandadvancedtechnology,thiselectricwakeboatmightjustbethethingyou’vebeenlookingfor.Imagineglidingacrossthewaterwithmorethandoublethepowerofmosthigh-endgas-poweredvehicles(交通工具).That’stheArcSportforyou.Poweredbyamassive226kWhbattery(电池)packdrivinga570-horsepowerengine,thisbeautyoffers5-6hoursofnon-stopfunonthewater.Andthebestpart?Nomoreraisingyourvoiceoverenginenoise.Youcanactuallyhaveaconversationwhileracingalongattopspeed.Butthebenefitsdon’tstopthere.Rememberhowexcitingitwaswhenyourphonegotbetterwitheachupdate?Nowimaginethatforyourboat.TheArcSportcomeswithover-the-airupdates,meaningitactuallygetssmarterandperformsevenbetterovertime.It’slikehavingaboatfromthefuturethatkeepsimprovingitself.Plus,youdon’tneedtobeatechexperttopilotitandenjoyitfully.Forgetaboutwinterizationheadachesandendlessmaintenance(养护).TheArcSport’selectricpowertrainmeansfewermovingpartsandlesstrouble.Chargingisquickandsimple.Justplug(接通电源)itinafteradayonthewater,andyou’regoodtogofortomorrow’sadventure.Andwithadd-onslikeaudiospeakersandwirelessphonechargers,comfortandenjoymentarealwaysatyourfingertips.Now,you’reprobablywondering,“Thissoundsamazing,butwhat’sthedamage?”TheArcSportstartsat$258,000.Yes,it’sacostlychoice,butconsiderwhatyou’regetting—amazingperformance,advancedtechnologyandaboatingexperiencethat’scleanerandsmarterthananythingelseoutthere.It’sclearthatthiselectricwakeboatischangingthegameonthewater.Withitsimpressivemixofpower,newtechnologyandeco-friendlydesign,itoffersafreshwaytoenjoyyourtimeonthewater.Whilethestartingpriceof$258,000mightseemhigh,thelong-termsavingsongasandmaintenancecouldmakeitworthwhile.28.WhatdoweknowabouttheArcSport?A.Itcanbeupdatedonthephone.B.Itcanrunonwaterforafullday.C.Itiseco-friendlyandpoweredbywind.D.Itwon’tmakeloudnoiseevenathighspeed.29.Whydoestheauthormentiontechexpertinparagraph3?A.Toshowthattheboatisfun-packed.B.Tostressthattheboatisuser-friendly.C.Toexpressthatsafetyisensuredontheboat.D.Toprovethattheboatisequippedwithlatesttechnology.30.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribetheArcSport?A.Affordable. B.Popular. C.Massive. D.Smart.31.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromoteanelectricwatervehicle.B.Tocompareboatspowereddifferently.C.Tointroduceanewtypeofwatersport.D.ToexplorethebenefitsoftheArcSport.【答案】28.D29.B30.D31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一种电动尾流船——theArcSport，介绍了它的性能和优点等。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Nomoreraisingyourvoiceoverenginenoise.Youcanactuallyhaveaconversationwhileracingalongattopspeed.(不要再因为引擎噪音而提高嗓门了。你可以在高速行驶的同时进行对话。)”可知，theArcSport即使在高速行驶时也不会发出很大的噪音。故选D项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“Plus,youdon’tneedtobeatechexperttopilotitandenjoyitfully.(另外，你不需要成为一个技术专家来驾驶它并充分享受它。)”可知，驾驶theArcSport，不需要成为技术专家，说明theArcSport容易驾驶。所以，作者提到技术专家是为了强调theArcSport容易驾驶，对用户友好、好用的。故选B项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“TheArcSportcomeswithover-the-airupdates,meaningitactuallygetssmarterandperformsevenbetterovertime.It’slikehavingaboatfromthefuturethatkeepsimprovingitself.(ArcSport配备无线更新功能，这意味着随着时间的推移，它实际上会变得更智能，性能也会更好。就像有一艘来自未来的船，它不断地自我改进。)”和第五段的句子“Yes,it’sacostlychoice,butconsiderwhatyou’regetting—amazingperformance,advancedtechnologyandaboatingexperiencethat’scleanerandsmarterthananythingelseoutthere.(是的，这是一个昂贵的选择，但考虑到你得到了什么——惊人的性能、先进的技术和比其他任何东西都更清洁、更智能的划船体验。)”可知，theArcSport是智能的。故选D项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，特别是第一段“Ifyou’reaboatlover,enjoybeingonthewaterandaresearchingfortheperfectmixofperformance,eco-friendlinessandadvancedtechnology,thiselectricwakeboatmightjustbethethingyou’vebeenlookingfor.(如果你是一个爱船的人，喜欢在水上，并且正在寻找性能，环保和先进技术的完美结合，这种电动尾流船可能正是你一直在寻找的东西。)”和最后一段的句子“Whilethestartingpriceof$258,000mightseemhigh,thelong-termsavingsongasandmaintenancecouldmakeitworthwhile.(虽然25.8万美元的起价可能看起来很高，但从长远来看，它在汽油和维护方面的节省可能会让它物有所值。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是一种电动尾流船——theArcSport，介绍了它的性能和优点等。所以本文的目的是推销这种电动尾流船。故选A项。DThe“sunshineofacleanmind”hascomeonestepcloser,sayresearchersworkingonmethodstoerasememoriesoffear.PublishedinthejournalNeuronbyChoandhisteam,theresearchshowshowtheteamusedmicetostudythepathwaysbetweentheareaofthebrainthatprocessesaspecificsoundandthearearesponsibleforemotionalmemories.Inthefirstpartoftheexperimenttheteamplayedhigh-pitched(高音的)andlow-pitchedsoundstomice,bothwithasmallelectricshocktotheirfeet.Theynoticedwhenthehigh-pitchedsoundwaslaterplayedonitsown,themicebecamestillwithfear;nosuchbehaviorwasseenwhenthelow-pitchedsoundwasplayed.Theteamfoundthatwhenmicewererepeatedlygivenhigh-pitchedsoundswithouttheshockstheylosttheirfear—aprocessknownasfearextinction.“Fearextinctionisatherapy(疗法)usedintreatingpost-traumaticstressdisorder,”saidCho.Buthesaid,“aftertherapy,forexampletwoweeks,thefearreturns.Fearextinctionisnotaneraseroffearmemory.Itjusthidesthefearmemoryforashorttime.”Buttheteamlaterdiscoveredthatusingamethodcalledoptogenetics,theycouldtrulyerasethefearmemories.Theyintroducedspecificgenes(基因)intothebraincells(细胞)ofthemice.Thesegenesmadethecellsreacttolight,allowingresearcherstocontrolthem.Whenthemice,whohaddevelopedthefearofthehigh-pitchedsound,wereinthelow-frequencylight,itweakenedtheconnectionsintheirbrainrelatedtothatsound.Asaresult,themicenolongerappearedfearfulwhentheyheardthehigh-pitchedsound,andthefeardidn’treturn.PeterGiese,aprofessorofmentalhealthscience,saiditwastoosoontothinkofusingthisresearchtohelpthosewithmentaldisorders,sayingitwouldraiseethical(伦理的)concernstousesuchmethodsonpeople.“Exactlyhowthiscanbeappliedtohumansisalittlebituncleartome,”hesaid.Nevertheless,Giesesaidthestudywasabigadvance.“Thisisatrueerasureofthememory,”hesaid.32.Whatdidthefirstpartoftheexperimentfocuson?A.Theprocessofhowmemoriesareformed.B.Thecauseofthemice’semotionalchange.C.Theroleofelectricshockinshapingmice’sbehavior.D.Theconnectionsbetweensoundsandemotionalmemory.33.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutfearextinction?A.Itcanhelpremovefearmemory.B.Itisnotaneffectivelong-termtreatment.C.Itmayimproveotheremotionalmemories.D.Itmightbereplacedbyageneticmethodsoon.34.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thediscoveryofanewgenethatcontrolsfear.B.Theuseofoptogeneticstoremovefearmemories.C.Theintroductionoflightinthenewly-foundgeneticmethod.D.Thevalueofthefindingsonsoundprocessingandfearerasure.35.WhatisPeterGiese’sattitudetowardtheapplicationofoptogeneticstohumans?A.Cautious. B.Uninterested.C.Appreciative. D.Disapproving.【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了研究人员正在研究消除恐惧记忆的方法，并且已经取得了一些进展。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theynoticedwhenthehigh-pitchedsoundwaslaterplayedonitsown,themicebecamestillwithfear;nosuchbehaviorwasseenwhenthelow-pitchedsoundwasplayed.(他们注意到，当这种高音调的声音随后单独播放时，老鼠因恐惧而变得安静；当播放低音调的声音时，没有看到这种行为。)”可知，实验的第一部分关注的是不同音调的声音和情感记忆之间的关系，故选D项。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Buthesaid,“aftertherapy,forexampletwoweeks,thefearreturns.Fearextinctionisnotaneraseroffearmemory.Itjusthidesthefearmemoryforashorttime.”(但他说，“治疗后，比如两周后，恐惧又回来了。恐惧的消失并不能抹去恐惧的记忆。它只是在短时间内隐藏了恐惧记忆。”)”可知，恐惧消失并不能抹去恐惧的记忆，由此可推知，恐惧消失不是一个有效的长期的治疗方法，故选B项。【34题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Buttheteamlaterdiscoveredthatusingamethodcalledoptogenetics,theycouldtrulyerasethefearmemories.(但研究小组后来发现，使用一种称为光遗传学的方法，他们可以真正消除恐惧记忆。)”以及段落内容可知，本段主要介绍了使用光遗传学移除恐惧记忆的方法，故选B项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“PeterGiese,aprofessorofmentalhealthscience,saiditwastoosoontothinkofusingthisresearchtohelpthosewithmentaldisorders,sayingitwouldraiseethical(伦理的)concernstousesuchmethodsonpeople.(心理健康科学教授PeterGiese说，现在考虑用这项研究来帮助那些有精神障碍的人还为时过早，他说，在人类身上使用这种方法会引起伦理上的担忧。)”以及“Nevertheless,Giesesaidthestudywasabigadvance.(无论如何，Giese表示这项研究是一个很大的进步)”可知，PeterGiese认为研究是很大的进步，同时也提出担忧，由此可推知，PeterGiese对光遗传学在人类中的应用持谨慎的态度，故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingabletoimproveyourorganizationalskillswillhelpyounotonlygetmoredonebutalsotohavelessstress.Whenyouareunorganized,itcancauseyourmindtobecomeconfusedandasaresult,youwillbealotlessefficient.___36___Thefirstthingyouwillwanttolearnhowtodoistosortthings.Thisreallydependsonwhatyouaretryingtoorganize.___37___Inordertogetyourworkdoneinthemostefficientmanner,youcandrawoutorwritedownwhatneedstobedone.Byhavingasystematicprocessthatyoucanturntoaftereverystepiscompleted,youwillbeabletogetthroughfinishingtheprojectmorequicklywithoutrunningintotheproblemofmixingeverythingup.Developingorganizationskillscanalsoinvolvebeingabletocreateabetterstudyenvironment.Whenyouarestudying,havingadeskthatisorganizedcanactuallyhelpyourememberinformationbetter.___38___Byorganizingyourstudydesk,youwillbeabletofreeupyourmindinordertofocussolelyonwhatyouneedfocuson.___39___Whenyourworkplaceisallmessy,itwillslowdownyourproductivity.Notonlythat,youwilllookalotlessprofessionalaswell.Whatyoucandoisbuysomeorganizerssuchasdividersorevencabinets(储物柜).___40___Thekeyistoclassifyyouritemsinawaythatwillmakeitlookneataswellasmakethingseasytofind.A.Somepeoplemaythinkhavingamessydeskisokay.B.Thisway,youwillhavemoreplacestostoreyouritems.C.Organizationalskillatworkisextremelyimportantaswell.D.Herearesometipsyoucanusetohelpyouimproveyourorganizingskills.E.Sayyouareworkingonaschoolprojectthatdealswithalotofdifferentsteps.F.Havingamessydeskcancauseyourmindtofocusontoomanythingsatonce.G.Youwilllearnhowtousedifferentsystemstohelpyouinstantlybecomemoreorganized.【答案】36.D37.E38.F39.C40.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是提高组织能力不仅可以帮助你完成更多的工作，而且让你压力更小。【36题详析】根据上文“Beingabletoimproveyourorganizationalskillswillhelpyounotonlygetmoredonebutalsotohavelessstress.Whenyouareunorganized,itcancauseyourmindtobecomeconfusedandasaresult,youwillbealotlessefficient.(提高你的组织能力不仅能帮助你完成更多的工作，还能减少压力。当你没有条理的时候，它会导致你的思想变得混乱，结果，你的效率会低得多。)”可知提高组织能力不仅能帮助你完成更多的工作，还能减少压力，根据后文“Thefirstthingyouwillwanttolearnhowtodoistosortthings.(你要学习的第一件事就是对事物进行排序。这取决于你想要组织什么。)”可知此处就如何提高组织能力提出了建议，空处承上启下，所以空处内容应与提高组织能力的建议相关，D项Herearesometipsyoucanusetohelpyouimproveyourorganizingskills.(这里有一些建议可以帮助你提高你的组织能力。)指出有一些帮着提高组织能力的建议，承接上文，引出下文，而且选项中的improveyourorganizingskills与空前的improveyourorganizationalskills为高频词复现，符合上下文语境，故选D项。【37题详析】根据上文“Thefirstthingyouwillwanttolearnhowtodoistosortthings.(你要学习的第一件事就是如何对事物进行排序。)”指出要学会如何对事物进行分类，选项E项Sayyouareworkingonaschoolprojectthatdealswithalotofdifferentsteps.(假设你正在做一个涉及很多不同步骤的学校项目。)是一个需要进行排序的例子，符合上下文语境，故选E项。【38题详析】根据上文“Whenyouarestudying,havingadeskthatisorganizedcanactuallyhelpyourememberinformationbetter.(当你学习的时候，有一个有条理的桌子可以帮助你更好地记住信息。)”可知此处指出一个有条理的办公桌可以帮助你更好地记住信息，根据后文“Byorganizingyourstudydesk,youwillbeabletofreeupyourmindinordertofocussolelyonwhatyouneedfocuson.(通过整理你的书桌，你将能够解放你的思想，以便专注于你需要关注的事情。)”可知通过整理书桌，你能够解放思想，从而专注于需要关注的事情，空处承上启下，F项Havingamessydeskcancauseyourmindtofocusontoomanythingsatonce.(凌乱的桌子会让你的注意力同时集中在太多事情上。)指出凌乱的桌子会让注意力不集中，此处的amessy