湖北省武汉部分地区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武汉部分地区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末联考英语试卷第一部分：听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AFournewbookstoreadThebooksthatareincludedinthislistcanmeetyourreadingneedsatanytimeofyear.NobodyWillTellYouThisbutMeBessKalbInthisbook,theauthorsharestheadviceherbelovedgrandmotherBobbylefther.Bobbywasapowerfulwomanwhoshouldneverbeunderestimated,andshewasveryknowledgeableaboutthefamily’straditionsandsecrets.Thebookprovesthatfamilybondscanendurethroughgenerationsandbeyonddeath.WeCameHeretoShineSusieOrmanSchnallWeCameHeretoShinefocusesonthestrongfemalefriendshipbetweenanaspiringjournalistandanunluckyactressatthe1939NewYorkWorld’sFair.Leaningoneachother,thesetwoambitiouswomenstruggledagainstadversity(困境)atatimewhenwomenhadlittlesay.AStarIsBoredByronLaneFavoredbytelevisionstarJonathanVanNess,thisnovelispartlybasedontheauthor’sexperiencesastheformerpersonalassistanttoCarrieFisher,alegendaryAmericanactress.ThebookfollowsCharlieBesson,thenewassistanttotheHollywoodicon,KathiKannon.Theirthree-yearjourneytogetherisanunforgettableadventurethatisfunny,heartbreaking,andhopeful.FastGirlsEliseHooperThestoryinFastGirlstookplaceduringthe1936BerlinOlympics,whereBettyRobinson,LouiseStokes,andHelenStephensovercamedifficultpaststoattainOlympicgloryastheworld’sfastestfemaleathletes.Beyondtheathleticjourney,theyalsoaimedtochallengethesocialstandardsofwhatfemalescanachieve.1.WhoisthecharacterinBessKalb’sbook?A.Bobby. B.SusieOrmanSchnall. C.CarrieFisher. D.BettyRobinson.2.WhatkindofbookisAStarIsBored?A.Abiography. B.Anindustryreport.C.Areal-lifebasednovel. D.Afictionaladventurestory.3.Whichofthefollowingbookswillyouchooseifyouareinterestedinsports?A.WeCameHeretoShine B.NobodyWillTellYouThisbutMeC.AStarIsBored D.FastGirls【答案】1.A2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章向读者介绍了四本新书。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据NobodyWillTellYouThisbutMe部分中“Inthisbook,theauthorsharestheadviceherbelovedgrandmotherBobbylefther.(在这本书中，作者分享了她亲爱的祖母Bobby留给她的建议)”可知，Bobby是BessKalb的书中的人物，故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据AStarIsBored部分中“FavoredbytelevisionstarJonathanVanNess,thisnovelispartlybasedontheauthor’sexperiencesastheformerpersonalassistanttoCarrieFisher,alegendaryAmericanactress.(这部小说深受电视明星JonathanVanNess的喜爱，部分取材于作者作为美国传奇女演员CarrieFisher前私人助理的经历)”可知，AStarIsBored一书是一部基于现实生活的小说，故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据FastGirls部分中“ThestoryinFastGirlstookplaceduringthe1936BerlinOlympics,whereBettyRobinson,LouiseStokes,andHelenStephensovercamedifficultpaststoattainOlympicgloryastheworld’sfastestfemaleathletes.(FastGirls的故事发生在1936年柏林奥运会期间，BettyRobinson、LouiseStokes和HelenStephens克服了过去的困难，成为世界上跑得最快的女运动员，获得了奥运会的荣誉)”可知，该书是关于运动的，所以如果你对运动感兴趣，你会选择FastGirls这本书，故选D。BWhenshereturnedhomethatyear,shewasgivenanenthusiasticwelcomeinthesamehall.Manyhandsstretchedouttoher,manycamerasfocusedonher.Areporteringlasseskeptpesteringherwiththequestion:“Whatdoyoulikebest?”Shewaswonderinghowtorespondwhenshecaughtsightofabunchofflowers.Thenshesaid,“Flowers!”Followingherremarks,moreflowerswereatoncepresentedouttoher,toomanyforhertohold.Duringthepasttwoyears,shehadparticipatedinmanyinternationalcompetitionsandbroughtbackoneshiningmedalafteranother.Whatshegotinreturnwasallsmiles,flowersandcameraflashes.Wasitbecauseofthisthatshebecamepreoccupiedwithwinning?Themoreshewon,themoreobsessedshewaswiththefearoflosing.Sohermindwasinfactmoreburdenedwithsuccessthanwithfailure.Themindcouldcontrolphysicalpainsbutcouldnotfreeitselffrommentalstraineasily.Thistimewhenshewasalittleoffbalanceonthehorizontalbar(平衡木),shebecamesoworriedthatshelostself-controlandfelloff.Thisfailurewasfollowedbyseveralmoreinotherevents.Afterwardsinordertoavoidpeopleattheairport,shetrailedalongbehindtheteam.Shefoundthatveryfewpeoplegreetedherandreportersseemedtoshunher.Howeverhardshetried,shecouldn’tturnthetide;shewasacompletefailure.Indeed,whowouldsidewithafailure?Allofasudden,shesawapairofshoesinfrontofher.Whocoulditbe?Sheraisedherbentheadslowlyandsawanavybluesuit,longlegs,andthenaclearfairface.Beforeherstoodthestewardesswithherhandsbehindherback,speakingwithasmile,“Iwatchedyourperformanceonthetelevision.Iknewyouwouldcomehometoday.SoIamhereespeciallytowelcomeyou.”“Ididverypoorly.”Sheloweredherheadagain.“No.Youdidyourbest.”“ButIfailed.”“Nobodycanavoidfailure.Ibelievefailureisasimportanttoyouassuccess.Failurebelongstothepast,andvictoryisthefuture.”Thestewardess’svoicecamegentlebutfirm.Hearingthesewords,thegirlraisedherhead.Thestewardessheldoutherhandsfrombehindherbackwithabigbouquetofcolorfulflowers,andpresentedittothegirl.Thestrongfragranceseemedtoturnintoamagic,powerfulcurrentthatwentthroughherbody.Shewasmovedtotears.Flowersareusuallygiventovictoriousheroes.Whytothedisgracedloser?4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pester”meaninparagraph1?A.Greet. B.Annoy. C.Inquire. D.Concern.5.Accordingtothepassage,whatcontributestoherwinningmedalsbefore?A.Shehadreceivedmanysmiles,flowersandcameraflashes.B.Shewaspassionateaboutwalkingonthehorizontalbar.C.Hermindwasfreefromoveranxietyaboutfailure.D.Shewasingoodphysicalcondition.6.Whatmaybeherstrongestemotionaftershefailed?A.Ashamed. B.Stressed. C.Miserable. D.Grief-stricken.7.Whatisthemainmessagethewritertriestoconvey?A.Actionisworry’sworstenemy.B.Thewinnerslaughandthelosersweep.C.Excessivepressurewillbecomeaburden.D.Successisneverfinalandfailureisneverfatal.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个运动员既有成功，又有失败的故事，表达了没有最终的成功，也没有致命的失败的道理。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词句前文“Whenshereturnedhomethatyear,shewasgivenanenthusiasticwelcomeinthesamehall.Manyhandsstretchedouttoher,manycamerasfocusedonher.(那年她回家时，在同一个大厅里，她受到了热烈欢迎。许多人向她伸出双手，许多摄像机聚焦在她身上)”及后文“Shewaswonderinghowtorespondwhenshecaughtsightofabunchofflowers.(她正不知道该如何回应这时她看到一束花)”可知，她胜利归来，受到热烈欢迎，许多记者都围上来了，问她问题，她一时不知怎么回答。由此推知，划线词句“Areporteringlasseskeptpesteringherwiththequestion:‘Whatdoyoulikebest?’(一个戴眼镜的记者一直用这个问题pestering她：“你最喜欢什么？”)”其中划线词汇应为“纠缠，反复问”的意思，选项B“骚扰，打扰”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Themoreshewon,themoreobsessedshewaswiththefearoflosing.Sohermindwasinfactmoreburdenedwithsuccessthanwithfailure.Themindcouldcontrolphysicalpainsbutcouldnotfreeitselffrommentalstraineasily.(她赢得越多，就越害怕失败。因此，她的思想中成功的负担实际上比失败的负担更重。精神可以控制身体上的疼痛，但不能轻易摆脱精神上的紧张)”可知，赢得越多，越害怕失败，压力越大，精神越紧张，过度焦虑，从而走向失败，从而推知，她赢得奖牌的原因是她的思想上没有对失败的过度焦虑。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Afterwardsinordertoavoidpeopleattheairport,shetrailedalongbehindtheteam.(后来为了避开机场的人群，她跟在队伍后面)”以及第四段中“Sheloweredherheadagain.(她又低下了头。)”可推知，失败后，她感到很羞愧。故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Flowersareusuallygiventovictoriousheroes.Whytothedisgracedloser?(鲜花通常是送给胜利的英雄的。为什么会送给这个耻辱的失败者呢？)”等内容可知，本文通过一个运动员既有成功又有失败的故事，表达了鲜花可以送英雄，但失败者也值得尊重，没有最终的成功，也没有致命的失败的道理。故选D项。CTheGuardian(卫报)hasupdateditsstyleguidetointroducetermsthatmoreaccuratelydescribetheenvironmentalcrisesfacingtheworld.Insteadof“climatechange”thepreferredtermsare“climateemergency,crisisorbreakdown”and“globalheating”isfavouredover“globalwarming”,althoughtheoriginaltermsarenotbanned.“Wewanttoensurethatwearebeingscientificallyprecise,whilealsocommunicatingclearlywithreadersonthisveryimportantissue,”saidtheeditor-in-chief,KatharineViner.“Thephrase‘climatechange’,forexample,soundsratherpassiveandgentlewhenwhatscientistsaretalkingaboutisacatastropheforhumanity.”“Increasingly,climatescientistsandorganisationsfromtheUNtotheMetOfficearechangingtheirterms,andusingstrongerlanguagetodescribethesituationwe’rein,”shesaid.Othertermsthathavebeenupdated,includingtheuseof“wildlife”ratherthan“biodiversity”,“fishpopulations”insteadof“fishstocks”and“climatesciencedenier”ratherthan“climatesceptic”.EarlierinMay,GretaThunberg,theSwedishteenagerwhohasinspiredschoolstrikesforclimatearoundtheglobe,said:“Canweallnowcallitwhatitis:climatebreakdown,climatecrisis,climateemergency,ecologicalbreakdown,ecologicalcrisisandecologicalemergency?”TheupdatetotheGuardian’sstyleguidefollowstheadditionoftheglobalcarbondioxideleveltotheGuardian’sdailyweatherpages.“LevelsofCO2intheatmospherehaverisensodramatically–includingameasureofthatinourdailyweatherreportissymbolicofwhathumanactivityisdoingtoourclimate,”saidVinerinApril.“Peopleneedremindingthattheclimatecrisisisnolongerafutureproblem–weneedtotackleitnow,andeverydaymatters.”8.WhyistheGuardianchangingthelanguageitusesabouttheenvironment?A.Toachievemoreaccuratedescriptionofthediverseworldwelivein.B.Toremoveallthenegativeexpressionsconcerningenvironmentproblems.C.Toillustratetheworld’senvironmentcrisesinamorepreciseway.D.Tomakethetermsaboutenvironmentsoundmoreacademic.9.IntermsoftheGuardian’slanguagechanginginthefieldofenvironment,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Sincethenewtermsaboutenvironmentcriseshavebeenadopted,theoriginalonesareallbanned.B.Comparedwith“climatecrisis”,“climatechange”soundsmorepessimisticanddepressing.C.“Climatecrisis”asastrongertermhelpstodescribetherealthreatfacingtheworld.D.GlobalcarbondioxidelevelisaddedtotheGuardian’sdailyweatherpageslongbeforetheupdateofthestyleguide.10.Allthefollowingarenewlyupdatedtermsexcept__________.A.wildlife B.fishpopulation C.climatesciencedenier D.biodiversity11.WhydidGretaThunberginspireschoolstrikesforclimate?A.Tosetagoodexampleforteenagersasawell-behaviorstudent.B.Toshowitisurgenttoupdateenvironmentterms.C.ToconveySwedishschools’willingtolistentodifferentvoicesfromteenagers.D.ToshowhowpopularenvironmentcampaignsareamongSweden.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。说明了为了更精确地说明世界环境危机《卫报》要改变关于环境的语言，其主编KatharineViner对此说明了原因，同时介绍了一些更新后的环境术语。她认为人们需要被提醒，气候危机不再是一个未来的问题——我们需要现在就解决它，每一天都很重要。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheGuardian(卫报)hasupdateditsstyleguidetointroducetermsthatmoreaccuratelydescribetheenvironmentalcrisesfacingtheworld.”可知《卫报》更新了其风格指南，引入了更准确地描述世界面临的环境危机的词汇。由此可知，《卫报》改变关于环境的语言，是为了更精确地说明世界环境危机。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Insteadof“climatechange”thepreferredtermsare“climateemergency,crisisorbreakdown”and“globalheating”isfavouredover“globalwarming”,althoughtheoriginaltermsarenotbanned.(比起“气候变化”，人们更倾向于使用“气候紧急、危机或崩溃”，而不是“全球变暖”，尽管最初的术语并没有被禁止)”以及第三段中“Thephrase‘climatechange’,forexample,soundsratherpassiveandgentlewhenwhatscientistsaretalkingaboutisacatastropheforhumanity.(例如，当科学家谈论的是人类的灾难时，‘气候变化’这个词听起来相当被动和温和)”由此可知，C选项“‘气候危机’作为一个更有力的术语有助于描述世界面临的真正威胁”正确。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Othertermsthathavebeenupdated,includingtheuseof“wildlife”ratherthan“biodiversity”,“fishpopulations”insteadof“fishstocks”and“climatesciencedenier”ratherthan“climatesceptic”.”可知其他词汇也进行了更新，包括用“野生动物”而不是“生物多样性”，用“鱼类数量”而不是“鱼类资源”，用“气候科学否定者”而不是“气候怀疑论者”。由此可知，A、B和C选项是新更新的术语，D选项“生物多样性”不是。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“EarlierinMay,GretaThunberg,theSwedishteenagerwhohasinspiredschoolstrikesforclimatearoundtheglobe,said:‘Canweallnowcallitwhatitis:climatebreakdown,climatecrisis,climateemergency,ecologicalbreakdown,ecologicalcrisisandecologicalemergency’”可知今年5月初，瑞典少年GretaThunberg说：“我们现在能把它叫做什么：气候崩溃、气候危机、气候紧急状态、生态崩溃、生态危机和生态紧急状态吗？”由此可推知，GretaThunberg这么做是为了表明更新环境术语的紧迫性。故选B。DOverthepastdecade,drug-resistantdiseaseshaveappearedasamajorhealththreat.Butwheredotheydevelopthedrugresistance?Onesurprisingtheory:theymayhavedevelopedtheresistanceonfarms,andnotinhospitals.Thecropprotectionproductsfarmersusetocontrolmanyplantdiseasesarealmostthesameasthedrugsdoctorsusetotreatinfections,includingfungi(真菌).Fungiarecontinuallymutating(变异),andwithalifecyclemeasuredindaysorweeks,theymutatequickly.Whenamutationproducesresistancetoachemical-killingfungi,fungiwilljumptoanyhostthatprovidesawelcomingenvironment,suchasahumanbody.Andifthetreatmentforthefungalinfectioninvolvesadrugsimilartothefungicideencounteredonthefarm,Fungimaydevelopquicklyinthehumanbody-justastheydidinthefield.Anobvioussolutionistouselessfungicideinthefield.Reducingfungicideusewouldnotonlyslowthedevelopmentofthedrugresistance,itwouldhelprestorediversitytothefungalworld.Fungicidesareamustinthefarmingcommunity.Plantdiseasesposeamajorproblemforfarmersglobally-insomecrops,diseasecanreduceharvestsbymorethan70percent-andfailuretodealwiththeproblemcanmeanfinancialruin.JustlikeFungi-or,indeed,anylivingthing-plantscontinuallyevolve.Thisishownaturalgeneediting(基因编辑)works,andwithoutit,we'dallstillbesinglecellsinasaltysoup.Throughnaturalselection,almostanyplantwilleventuallyproduceresistancetoFungi.Butthiscantakecenturies,sowedon'thavethetimetowait.Ontheotherhand,advancesingeneticshavegivenusanunderstandingofnature'sgeneeditingprocessinplants,helpingusdevelopresistancetoadisease.Geneeditingtechniquescanthenenableustoproducediseaseresistance-justasnaturewoulddo,ifgivenenoughtime.12.WhatcanweinferaboutFungifromParagraph2?A.Theycantreatinfectionsometimes.B.Theydon'tstopdevelopingnewforms.C.Ahumanbodyistheirfavoriteplace.D.TherearenoFungiinthefieldsnow.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword''pose''inparagraph3?A.Solve. B.Face.C.Cause. D.Overcome.14.WhatmakesaplantproduceresistancetoFungi?A.Thesurvivalofthefittest.B.Advancesintechnology.C.Theuseoffarmchemicals.D.Awelcomingenvironment.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WaystoPreventDrug-resistantDiseasesB.TheSourceoftheDrugResistanceC.ThePopularityofGeneEditingTechniquesD.TheNewTheoryofNaturalSelection【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近十年对作物的观察发现，作物的耐药性来自于农场。经过自然选择，最终活下的作物几乎都会对真菌产生抗体，从而产生耐药性。尽可能少的在农田里使用真菌杀虫剂，不仅可以减缓耐药性的发展，也有助于保持真菌的多样性。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的Fungiarecontinuallymutating(变异),andwithalifecyclemeasuredindaysorweeks,theymutatequickly.(真菌会一直变异，它的生命周期只有几天或者几周，它们很快就会变异)可推测，真菌一直都会变异成新的形式出现。B.Theydon'tstopdevelopingnewforms.(它们不会停止发展新的形式)符合以上说法，故选B项。【13题详析】词义猜测题。根据第三段的Plantdiseasesposeamajorproblemforfarmersglobally-insomecrops,diseasecanreduceharvestsbymorethan70percent-andfailuretodealwiththeproblemcanmeanfinancialruin.可知，对于全球的农民来说植物病pose一个主要的问题——在一些作物上，病会使收成减少超过70%，如果不能解决这个问题就意味着经济损失。根据句意推测划线部分的意思是“造成”。C.Cause.(造成)符合以上说法，故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段的Throughnaturalselection,almostanyplantwilleventuallyproduceresistancetoFungi.(通过自然选择，几乎任何一种植物最终都能对真菌产生抗体)可推测，最后生存下来的植物可以对真菌产生抗体。A.Thesurvivalofthefittest.(最健康的幸存者)符合以上说法，故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Overthepastdecade,drug-resistantdiseaseshaveappearedasamajorhealththreat.Butwheredotheydevelopthedrugresistance?Onesurprisingtheory:theymayhavedevelopedtheresistanceonfarms,andnotinhospitals.(在过去的十年中，耐药性作为一个主要的健康威胁疾病出现。但，它们是在哪里产生耐药性的呢？一个令人惊讶的理论是：它们可能是在农场，而不是在医院里产生了抗药性)可知，本文主要讲述了作物的耐药性是产生于农场，而不是医院里。B.TheSourceoftheDrugResistance(耐药性的来源)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)Ifyou’veeverbeenbittenbyamosquito,youknowhowfrustratingtheirbitescanbe._____16_____,creatinganitch(痒)thatonceyoustartscratchingonlyseemstogetworse.Whydoesamosquitobiteitchandwhatcanwedo?Whydoesamosquitobiteitch?Whenamosquitobitesyou,itpiercestheskinusingaspecialmouthparttosuckupbloodandinjectssaliva(唾液)intoyourskin.Mosquitoes’salivahaslotsofproteinsinit,someofwhichourbodyrecognizesasforeign,andourimmunecellsspringintoactiontotrytofightthem._____17_____.It’sactuallythebody’sresponsetotheforeignmosquitoproteinitistryingtofight.That’swhysomepeoplemayonlyhaveamildreactiontobites,whileothers,moresensitivetotheforeignprotein,reactwithlargeareasofswellingthataremorepainful.Whathelpsresisttheurgetoscratch?“Don’tscratch”istheadvicethatmostexpertsandhealthprofessionalsgive.Ashardandsometimesunrealisticasitcansound,scratchinginflames(发炎)theskin,andtheinflammationmakestheskinitchmore.“_____18_____,”warnedDanielMarkowski,technicaladviserfortheAmericanMosquitoControlAssociation,addingthatinextremecases,peoplecanscarthemselves.Instead,therearedozensofcreamsandspraysthatpromiseitchreliefaswellashomeremedy(疗法).Choosewhat’srightforyoucanoftencomedowntotrialanderror.Ingeneral,allofthevariousanti-itchcreamsareverysimilar.Thereisnoscientificevidencetheseremedieswork,andtheycancomewiththeirownprecautionsorsideeffects._____19_____._____20_____Somepeoplecanhaveseriousallergicreactionstomosquitoes,althoughinpracticeitisrare,Vosshallsaid.Ifyouexperienceseveresymptomssuchasbreathingtrouble,youshouldseekmedicalattentionimmediately.A.Whentoseekmedicalattention?B.Whattodowithamosquitobite?C.It’snotthebitethatcausestheitchD.Themoreyouscratch,themoretheyitchE.ThelittleredbumpsswellupalmostimmediatelyF.ScratchingcancausesecondaryinfectionsandprolongtheirritationG.Infact,thebestremedytofighttheitchistopreventabiteinthefirstplace【答案】16.E17.C18.F19.G20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了蚊子叮咬我们时会痒的原因以及怎么应对蚊子的叮咬。【16题详析】根据上文“Ifyou’veeverbeenbittenbyamosquito,youknowhowfrustratingtheirbitescanbe.(如果你曾经被蚊子咬过，你就会知道它们的叮咬是多么令人沮丧。)”和下文“creatinganitch(痒)thatonceyoustartscratchingonlyseemstogetworse.(产生一种瘙痒，一旦你开始抓挠，这种瘙痒似乎只会变得更糟。)”可推断设空处应是被蚊子叮咬后的症状，E选项“这些红色的小肿块几乎立刻就肿起来了”符合题意，承上启下，故选E。【17题详析】根据上文“Whenamosquitobitesyou,itpiercestheskinusingaspecialmouthparttosuckupbloodandinjectssaliva(唾液)intoyourskin.Mosquitoes’salivahaslotsofproteinsinit,someofwhichourbodyrecognizesasforeign,andourimmunecellsspringintoactiontotrytofightthem.(当蚊子叮咬你时，它会用一种特殊的口器刺穿你的皮肤，吸血并将唾液注入你的皮肤。蚊子的唾液中含有大量蛋白质，其中一些蛋白质被我们的身体识别为外来物，我们的免疫细胞会立即行动起来，试图对抗它们。)”和下文“It’sactuallythebody’sresponsetotheforeignmosquitoproteinitistryingtofight.(这实际上是身体对外来蚊子蛋白质的反应，它试图对抗。)”可推知本段在解释为什么蚊子叮咬我们，身体会痒，不是因为被咬就会痒，而是因为身体对蚊子的蛋白质反应，要进行反抗，皮肤才会痒，故C选项“不是被咬了才会痒”符合题意，起到了承上启下的作用，故选C。【18题详析】根据上文““Don’tscratch”istheadvicethatmostexpertsandhealthprofessionalsgive.Ashardandsometimesunrealisticasitcansound,scratchinginflames(发炎)theskin,andtheinflammationmakestheskinitchmore.(“不要挠”是大多数专家和健康专家给出的建议。抓挠听起来很困难，有时也不现实，它会使皮肤发炎，而炎症会使皮肤更痒。)”和下文“warnedDanielMarkowski,technicaladviserfortheAmericanMosquitoControlAssociation,addingthatinextremecases,peoplecanscarthemselves.(美国蚊虫控制协会的技术顾问丹尼尔·马可夫斯基警告说，并补充说，在极端情况下，人们可能会在自己身上留下疤痕。)”可推知丹尼尔·马可夫斯基给出抓挠可能会引起更严重的情况，F选项“抓挠会引起继发感染并延长刺激”符合题意，故选F。【19题详析】根据上文“Ingeneral,allofthevariousanti-itchcreamsareverysimilar.Thereisnoscientificevidencetheseremedieswork,andtheycancomewiththeirownprecautionsorsideeffects.(一般来说，各种各样的止痒霜都是非常相似的。没有科学证据表明这些疗法有效，而且它们可能有自己的预防措施或副作用。)”可知本段主要说明要怎样去止痒，并且说明止痒霜也不是很有效，由此推断下文应该是给出更有效的止痒方法，G选项“事实上，止痒最好的方法就是首先防止被咬”，符合题意，故选G。【20题详析】设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Somepeoplecanhaveseriousallergicreactionstomosquitoes,althoughinpracticeitisrare,Vosshallsaid.Ifyouexperienceseveresymptomssuchasbreathingtrouble,youshouldseekmedicalattentionimmediately.(Vosshall说，有些人可能对蚊子有严重的过敏反应，尽管实际上这种情况很少见。如果出现呼吸困难等严重症状，应立即就医。)”可知本段主要讲述的是被蚊子咬后需要就医的情况，A选项“什么时候需要就医?”，符合本段主旨，故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Attheageof41,Ifinallygottolivemychildhooddream.Igottospendanentire____21____aloneatanairport.Iwas____22____bymereminutes.Thenextplanewouldn’tbe____23____untilearlythenextmorning.Itakeadvantageofmy“extravacationtime”andmakemyown____24____.First,Ipassedthroughtherotunda(圆形大厅),whichIhad____25____throughmanytimesbeforewithoutevertrulylookingatit.Then,Ifoundafashion____26____madebystudentsandtookmytimeappreciatingtheir____27____andhardwork.Late,Iwas____28____withafull-sizecopyofalargebrontosaurus(雷龙).Youwonderwhatthatbrontosaurusmighthavebeenthinkingaboutbeforeit____29____andhowitmighthavefeltaboutlivinginanairport.Youwonderwhatthe_____30_____mightlooklikeinthefuture.Iwavedtoallthesecuritycameras,hopingthattherewassomeone_____31_____ontheotherside,havingagoodlaugh.I_____32_____myairportadventuresthatnight.Ithoughtlittleofthepostswhenmyflighttookoff.Bythetimemyplane_____33_____,theyweregoingviral.Asawriter,Iwouldhave_____34_____thistomakemehappy.ButIbegantofeeladeepsadness.Haseveryonegrownentirely_____35_____tothebeautyallaroundus?21.A.weekend B.night C.day D.decade22.A.disappointed B.amused C.early D.late23.A.arriving B.missing C.landing D.waiting24.A.attempt B.decision C.adventure D.journey25.A.wandered B.cycled C.rushed D.struggled26.A.trend B.display C.collection D.decoration27.A.generosity B.distribution C.admiration D.talent28.A.greeted B.provided C.troubled D.served29.A.accumulated B.vanished C.died D.appeared30.A.brontosaurus B.airport C.human D.world31.A.watching B.trembling C.investigating D.blessing32.A.demonstrated B.copied C.posted D.appreciated33.A.gaveoff B.toucheddown C.pickedup D.brokethrough34.A.preferred B.inspired C.recommended D.expected35.A.blind B.accustomed C.addicted D.related【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.D31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因错过航班被迫在机场过夜的一次经历。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一个人在机场待了一整晚。A.weekend周末；B.night夜晚；C.day白天；D.decade十年。根据后文“Thenextplanewouldn’tbe_______untilearlythenextmorning.”可知，作者只能在机场过夜。故选B项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只迟到了几分钟。A.disappointed失望的；B.amused被逗乐的；C.early早的；D.late晚的，迟的。根据后文“Thenextplanewouldn’tbe_______untilearlythenextmorning.Itakeadvantageofmy“extravacationtime”andmakemyown______.”可知，作者迟到了几分钟，错过了航班。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：下一班飞机要到第二天凌晨才到。A.arriving到达；B.missing错过；C.landing着陆；D.waiting等待。根据语境和前文“Thenextplane”及后文“untilearlythenextmorning”可知，下一班飞机第二天凌晨才到达。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我利用我的“额外假期”，进行我自己的探险。A.attempt企图；B.decision决定；C.adventure冒险，奇遇；D.journey旅行。根据后文“I_______myairportadventuresthatnight.”可知，作者把这次因错过航班而独自待在机场的这个晚上当作一次探险。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，我穿过圆形大厅，以前我曾多次匆匆而过，但从未真正看过它一眼。A.wandered漫游；B.cycled循环；C.rushed冲，迅速移动；D.struggled挣扎，奋斗。根据语境和后文“withoutevertrulylookingatit”可知，以前，作者从这里穿过，都是非常迅速的，匆匆而过，忙着去登机。故选C项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我发现了一个由学生制作的时装展览，我花时间欣赏他们的才华和努力。A.trend趋势；B.display陈列，展览；C.collection收集；D.decoration装饰。根据常识和前文“afashion”及后文“madebystudents”可知，机场大厅里有学生制作的时装展览。故选B项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我发现了一个由学生制作的时装展示，我花时间欣赏他们的才华和努力。A.generosity慷慨；B.distribution分配；C.admiration钦佩；D.talent天赋，才能。根据常识和前文“Ifoundafashion_______madebystudents”可知，学生的时装展览，展示了他们的才华和努力。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，迎接我的是一个大雷龙的全尺寸复制品。A.greeted问候，欢迎；B.provided提供；C.troubled麻烦；D.served服务。根据语境和后文“afull-sizecopyofalargebrontosaurus(雷龙)”可知，作者在机场游逛，此时映入作者眼帘的是雷龙复制品，begreetedwith意为“受到欢迎”。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你想知道那头雷龙死前可能在想什么，以及它对生活在机场里会有什么感受。A.accumulated积累；B.vanished消失；C.died死亡；D.appeared出现。根据前文“whatthatbrontosaurusmighthavebeenthinkingabout”，结合选项可知，作者见到大雷龙复制品，产生了无限遐想。他想人们会好奇大雷龙死前在想什么。故选C项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你想知道未来的世界会是什么样子。A.brontosaurus雷龙；B.airport机场；C.human人类；D.world世界。根据前文“Youwonderwhatthatbrontosaurusmighthavebeenthinkingaboutbeforeit______andhowitmighthavefeltaboutlivinginanairport.”可知，作者先想到的是雷龙死之前在想什么，而后自己好奇地想知道未来世界是什么样子。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向所有的监控摄像头挥手，希望有人在另一边看着，好好笑一笑。A.watching观察；B.trembling颤抖；C.investigating调查；D.blessing祝福。根据前文“thesecuritycameras”可知，此处指希望有人监看，watchon“监视”，符合句意。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把那天晚上的机场探险发布了出来。A.demonstrated证明；B.copied复制；C.posted张贴，发布；D.appreciated欣赏。根据语境和后文“Ithoughtlittleofthepostswhenmyflighttookoff.”可知，作者把那晚的经历发布出来。故选C项。【33题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：等我的飞机着陆的时候，它们已经疯传了。A.gaveoff释放，发出；B.toucheddown降落，着陆；C.pickedup捡起；D.brokethrough突破。根据前文“whenmyflighttookoff”可以推知，此处指飞机降落着陆的时候。故选B项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个作家，我希望这能让我快乐。A.preferred更喜欢；B.inspired启发；C.recommended推荐；D.expected预期，盼望。根据后文“thistomakemehappy”可知，这是作者所期盼的。故选D项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：难道每个人都对我们周围的美丽完全视而不见了吗？A.blind看不见的；B.accustomed习惯的；C.addicted成瘾的；D.related相关的。根据语境和前文“Ibegantofeeladeepsadness”可知，作者在感叹人们对周围的美丽视而不见。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially___36___theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate___37___festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety___38___(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe___39___(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa___40___(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha___41___(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(发布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation___42___culturalexchanges.Afour-yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.___43___(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoung