湖北省武汉市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武汉市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThecostoflivingincountriesliketheU.S.,Britain,AustraliaorFrancehasskyrocketedinrecentyears.However,ifyouarewillingtoleaveyourcountryandexplorelifeinotherareas,therearemanycountriesboastinganextremelycheapandlowcostofliving.Checkoutthefollowingcountrieswhenplanningyournextmove.EcuadorEcuadorissimilartotheUnitedStatesinmanyways,andasaresulthasbecomeapopularAmericangetaway.ItevenusestheU.S.dollarforitscurrency.Inthiscountry,itischeapertoeatouteverydaythancookforyourselfonabudgetintheU.S.Youcanevenbuyapropertyforaround$50,000andhiresomeonetotendtoitwhileyouareaway.MexicoAlthoughthecountryisknownforitspoverty-riddenstreets,therearemanywealthierareasthatprovideeveryfacilityyoumightneed.Youcanliveoffamere$700to$800amonthinMexico,andthisincludesrentforaniceplace,facilities,food,andanysightseeing.ArgentinaArgentinahasbeenapopulartouristdestinationformanyyears.Ithasgreatrestaurants,arichhistory,andmanyplacestoexplore.Nottomention,itisnotveryexpensivetolivethere.Adecent-sizedhomecancostaround$139,000,whichisrelativelycheapinrelationtohomesintheUnitedStates.VietnamVietnamhasalsobecomeapopulartouristdestinationinrecentyears.Therearemanymillion-dollarluxuryhomesbythebeach,butyoucanfindamodestflatorsmallhomeforaround$25,000to$50,000ifyousearchintherightareas.1.WhichcountryusestheU.S.dollarasitscurrency?A.Ecuador. B.Mexico. C.Argentina. D.Vietnam.2.HowmuchdoesittakeatmosttoliveinMexicoforhalfayear?A.About$8,400. B.About$4,800. C.About$4,200. D.About$9,600.3.WhatarethecommonadvantagesoflivinginArgentinaandVietnam?A.Cheapandlowcostsofliving. B.Manymillion-dollarluxuryhomes.C.Wealthyareaswithcompletefacilities. D.Greatrestaurants,arichhistory,andmanyplacestoexplore.BAnassociateuniversityprofessorinFloridahascompletedhisresearchmissionandsetanewworldrecordintheprocess:living100daysbeneaththeocean’ssurface.OnFridaymorning,Dr.JosephDiturifeltthesun’sraysforthefirsttimesincehebegantheproject22feetbelowthewatersofKeyLargo,Florida,onMarch1.Dituri,55,abiomedicalengineerwhoteachesattheUniversityofSouthFloridaandcallshimself“Dr.DeepSea”,spentjustoverthreemonthsatthebottomoftheEmeraldLagooninJules’UnderseaLodge,theonlyunderwaterhotelintheUnitedStates.Theresearchproject,ProjectNeptune100,wasorganizedbytheKeyLargo-basedMarineResourcesDevelopmentFoundationandfocusedonoceanconservationresearchandstudyinghowhighpressureaffectsthehumanbody.TheUSNavyveteransaidhe’dnoticedoneimpact:Thewaterpressureseemstohaveshrunkenhisheightbyhalfaninch.Dituristoodat6feet1inchtallbeforestartinghismission,theUniversityofSouthFloridastatedinanewsrelease.Thescientistbegantheprojectwithabeliefthatincreasedpressurecouldhelphumanslivelongerandpreventaging-relateddiseases,thenewsreleasesaid.Diturisaidhehopeshisunderwaterresearchwillbenefitthetreatmentofavarietyofillnesses,includingtraumaticbraininjuries.Diturialsousedtheprojectasaneducationalexperiencefortheyouth.“Wehaveinteractedwiththousandsofschoolchildrentogettheminterestedinscience,technology,engineeringandmath,“DituritoldGuinnessWorldRecordsonJune8.Whileunderwater,hecontinuedteachinghiscollegestudentsvirtually.DituribroketheGuinnessWorldRecordforlongesttimelivingunderwateratthe74-daymarkofhisproject,onMay13.Thepreviousrecordstoodat73days,twohoursand34minutes,setatthesamelocationalDituri’ssuccessfulattempt.4.WhendidDr.JosephDituriprobablyreturntothesurface?A.OnMarch1. B.OnMay13. C.OnJune9.D.OnJune19.5.WhydidDr.JosephDituritakepartintheproject?A.Tochallengehislimits. B.Toencouragegoodteamwork.C.Forscientificresearch. D.Forpersonalenthusiasm.6.WhatdidDr.JosephDituriexpectoflivingunderwater?A.It’sbeneficialtohumanhealth. B.Itdoesharmtohumanbody.C.It’saverypainfulexperience. D.It’sthesameaslivingonland.7.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatIsLivingUnderwaterReallyLike?B.CanHumansLiveUnderwaterfor100Days?C.“Dr.DeepSea”InteractswithChildrenUnderwaterD.“Dr.DeepSea”BreaksRecordforLivingUnderwaterCThere’sanewtrainpullingintothestationinSanBernardino,asouthernCaliforniacityabout60milesfromLosAngeles.Fromtheoutside,itlookslikeanyothertrains,withthreepassengercarriages,blockywindowsandacolorfulblueappearance.Butinside,it’sunlikeanythingtheregion—orthecountry—hasseenbefore.The$20mZero-EmissionMultipleUnit,knownasZemu,usesahydrogen(氢气，氢)fuelcell(电池)andbatterysystemtopropelthetrainandrunotheronboardelectricalsystems.Theonlybyproductofthefuelcelliswatervapour(蒸汽，水汽),awelcomechangeinanareathatsuffersfromsomeoftheworstairqualityratesinthecountry.ThenewtechnologywillmakeZemuthefirsthydrogen-powered,zero-emissionspassengertraininNorthAmericatomeetFederalRailroadAdministration(FRA)requirementswhenitgoesintoserviceearlynextyear.Aseriesofhydrogen-poweredtrains,builtbytheFrenchmanufacturerAlstom,havebeenoperatinginGermanyandAustriasince2018,butsimilartrainshaveneverruninNorthAmerica.Hydrogenfuelcellscombinehydrogenandoxygenmolecules(分子)togenerateelectricityandproducewatervapourasabyproduct.Inpractice,thefuelcellfunctionsasanonboardgeneratorthatchargesthebatteriesthatturnthewheelsofthetrain,drivingitforwardaswellasrunningelectricalsystems.ThistechnologyinNorthAmericacomesasthegreaterLosAngelesregionpreparesforthe2028Olympics,whichanofficialofthecityhassaidwillbea“no-car”games,andasCaliforniastepsupitseffortstomeet2045carbonneutralitygoals.SanBernardinohaslongsufferedfrompoorairqualitybroughtonbyahighconcentrationofhighways,railyardsandindustrialfacilities.Theprojecthasbeenyearsinthemaking.Adecadeago,motivatedbythepoorairqualityandadesiretoreducethestressonthecounty’sroads,oftencrowdedbytruckstransportinggoodsfromthenearbyportsofLAandLongBeach,SBCTAofficialssetouttofindcleanalternativestotheirexistingtrains.Theylandedonthehydrogenfuel-poweredZemu,andin2019contractedwithSwissrailmanufacturerStadlerInctodeliveronthatmission,saidTimWatkins.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propel”inParagraph1probablymean?A.speedup B.pushforward C.taketheplaceof D.fixup9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheZemutrain?A.Itwillbethefirsthydrogen-poweredpassengertrainintheworld.B.Itgenerateselectricitythroughacombinationofhydrogenandoxygenmolecules.C.Itproducescarbondioxideasabyproduct.D.Itwillgointoserviceinlate2024.10.Whywasthehydrogen-poweredZemuchosenbySBCTAofficials?A.Toprepareforthe2028no-carOlympicsinLosAngeles.B.TomeetCalifornia’s2045carbonneutralitygoals.C.Tofindacleanalternativetoimproveairqualityandtransportation.D.Tobethefirsthydrogen-poweredtraininNorthAmerica.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TodiscussthepoorairqualityinSanBernardino.B.Toexplainhowhydrogenfuelcellsworkintrains.C.TointroducetheZemutrainanditsinnovativetechnology.D.TodiscusstheeffortstomeetcarbonneutralitygoalsinCalifornia.DAmaninalabcoatbendsunderadimlightwithtighteyeslookingatamicroscope.Timeisshort,thepays-offarehigh,andonlythisscientistcansaveeveryone.Thatkindofromanticizedpictureofsciencewasstandardforalongtime.Butit’sfarfromthetruth.Somescientistssearchforthecausesofsomeobservableeffects,suchasthelinkbetweendestroyedforestsandEarth’stemperatureincrease.Othersmayinvestigatethe“what”ratherthanthe“why”ofthings.Forexample,ecologistsbuildmodelstoestimategraywolfabundanceinMontana,US.It’simpracticaltospotthemallandcountthem.Abundancemodelsarenot100percentaccurate,buttheyofferestimatesthatseemgoodenoughtosetharvestingquotas(限额)andmaintaintheecosystem.Beyondthe“what”andthe“why”,scientistsmayfocusonthe“how”.Forinstance,thelivesofpeoplelivingwithillnessescanbeimprovedbyresearchonhowtorelievesymptoms,evenifthetruecausesoftheirdisordersarelargelyunknowntocurrentmedicine.Peopleoftenthink“realscience”shouldprovidedefinite,completeandperfectanswerstotheirquestions.However,givenvariouslimitationsandtheworld’scomplexity,keepingmultipleperspectivesinplayisoftenthebestwayforscientiststoreachtheirgoalsandsolvetheproblemsathand.Intheworldofscience,healthydisagreementisafeature,notabug.Scienceisasocialprocessinwhichthecommunity’sscrutiny(监督)ensureswehavethebestavailableknowledge.“Bestavailable”doesnotmean“definitive”,butthebestwehaveuntilwefindouthowtoimproveit.Thelonghistoryofatomism(原子论)showshowscienceisaprocessratherthanafastdeliveryofresultssetinstone.AsscientistJeanBaptistePerrinconductedhis1908experimentsthatseeminglysettledalldiscussionregardingatoms,questionsabouttheatom’spropertieswereabouttosparkdecadesofcontroversywiththebirthofquantum(量子)physics.Similardiscussionscontinuetothepresentday.So,realscienceisacollective,imperfectandmay-sidedprocessinwhichscientistscontributemultipleandoftenpartialsolutionstocomplexanddiverseproblems.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthearticle?A.Bydescribingascientificresearchprocess.B.Bytellingascientist’spersonalexperience.C.Bygivinganexampleofscientificfailure.D.Bypresentingacommonmisconception.13.Whatdoparagraphs2-3mainlytalkabout?A.Thechallengesfacedbyscientists.B.Thehistoryofscientificresearch.C.Themethodsscientistsusetoshareresults.D.Thevariousfocusesofscientistsintheirresearch.14.Whatistheauthor’sviewonhealthydisagreementsinscience?A.Theyareessentialforscientificprogress.B.Theycreateconfusionanddelayconclusions.C.Theyindicateproblemsinscientificmethods.D.Theyoftenleadtotherejectionofoldtheories.15.WhydoestheauthormentionJeanBaptistePerrin’sexperimentsandthesubsequentdebate?A.Toshowscienceisacollectionoffacts.B.Toprovescientificknowledgeisalwaysabsolute.C.Toillustratescienceisadynamicandevolvingprocess.D.Toshowscientificconclusioncanbereachedafterdiscussion.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouthinkstudyinginadifferentcountryissomethingthatsoundsveryexciting?Certainly,itisanewexperience,whichbringstheopportunityofdiscoveringfascinatingthingsandafeelingoffreedom.____16____Youwillexperiencecultureshock.Evidently,atleastfouressentialstagesofculture-shockadjustmentoccur.Thefirststageiscalled"thehoneymoon".Inthisstage,youfeelexcitementaboutlivinginadifferentplace,andeverythingseemstobemarvelous.___17___Eventually,however,thesecondstageofcultureshockappears.Thisisthe"hostilitystage".____18____Youbecometiredofmanythingsaboutthenewculture.Moreover,peopledon'ttreatyoulikeaguestanymore.Everythingthatseemedtobesowonderfulatfirstisnowawful,andeverythingmakesyoufeeldistressedandtired.Thenyoucometothethirdstagecalled"recovery".Youstartfeelingmorepositive,andyoutrytodevelopcomprehensionofeverythingyoudon'tunderstand.Thewholesituationstartstobecomemorefavorable.___19___Thelaststageofcultureshockiscalled"adjustment".____20____Thethingsthatinitiallymadeyoufeeluncomfortableorstrangearenowthingsthatyouunderstand.Nowyoufeelcomfortable;youhaveadjustedtothenewculture.A.Actually,cultureshockissomethingyoucannotavoidwhenstudyinginaforeigncountry.B.Youhavereachedapointwhereyoufeelgoodbecauseyouhavelearnedenoughtounderstandthenewculture.C.Youlikeeverything,andeverybodyseemstobesonicetoyou.D.Yourecoverfromthesymptomsofthefirsttwostages.E.Inspiteoftheseadvantages,however,therearealsosomechallengesyouwillencounter.F.However,whenyouhavecompletelyadjustedtoanewcultureyoucanmorefullyenjoyit.G.Youbegintonoticethatnoteverythingisasgoodasyouhadoriginallythoughtitwas.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。81-year-oldEllieandSandytouredtheworldin80days,provingthatadventuredoesn’thaveanagelimit.Theirfirststopwasa____21____thatchallengesevenmany____22____travelers:theAntarctic(南极洲).“Foralmosttwodays,wewererockingandrollingthroughtheDrakePassage(德雷克海峡).”Elliesaid.Butwhentheysetfootontheground,theywere____23____bythebeautyofglaciers(冰川).Thepairhavevisited18countriesacrosssevencontinents.TheyrodecamelsinEgyptand____24____theNorthernLightsinFinland.Facedwith____25____ininternationaltravel,theybravelycompletedthetrip.Althoughtheyarebothindependent,they____26____eachother’sfeelings.Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethe____27____peoplewhoofferedhelptothem.Thetwo____28____acrucialpieceofadvicewithtravelersworryingaboutthelanguagebarrierontheiradventure.“Youknow,peopleoftenaskusaboutit.”saidEllie.“Smileisauniversallanguage.Wefounditworked____29____becausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspoken,whilesmilecould_____30_____alllanguages.”Theyalso_____31_____otherolderpeoplenottoletageholdthemback.Theyfeltconfidentthatiftheygethurt,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhatthey_____32_____wanted.Sandydescribed81astheperfectageto_____33_____onajourney.“I’mso_____34_____thatIcanenjoymylife.Gettingolderdoesgiveusalittlebitof_____35_____ofmakingdecisions.”shesaid.21.A.location B.direction C.mountain D.country22.A.curious B.foreign C.outgoing D.experienced23.A.determined B.amazed C.frightened D.disappointed24.A.created B.imagined C.observed D.missed25.A.limits B.charges C.opportunities D.challenges26.A.respected B.preferred C.hated D.ignored27.A.foolish B.selfish C.generous D.honest28.A.shared B.searched C.accepted D.followed29.A.impacts B.wonders C.interests D.goods30.A.cover B.contact C.provide D.explore31.A.permitted B.encouraged C.prevented D.refused32.A.hardly B.suddenly C.temporarily D.absolutely33.A.referto B.givein C.setout D.takeover34.A.forgetful B.regretful C.helpful D.thankful35.A.lesson B.wisdom C.duty D.hope第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AsthelargestproducerofwatermelonsinChina,Henan’splantingareaandoutputrankfirstnationwide.Topreventwastingtheabundantharvest,Henanpeoplefound____36____(inspire)fromsoybeansaucetopreservewatermelons,creatingwatermelonsauce.Everyadultwomaninmyfamilyknowshowtomakewatermelonsauce.Theinitialstepsinvolve____37____(clean)thesoybeansandcookingthemuntiltheyfermentate(发酵).Thencomestheprocessofkneading(捏碎)thewatermelon.Thefeelingofthejuicywatermelonbeingkneadedthroughour____38____(finger)untilitbecomesasoftmassisquiteenjoyable.Afterwards,mygrandmotherwouldmixthekneadedwatermelonwiththefermentedsoybeans,salt,gingerandSichuanpepper____39____ajar.Thenthejar____40____(place)intheshadetoferment.Overtime,theflavorofthewatermelonsaucedeepensanditscolorbecomes____41____(rich).Abouthalfamonthlater,thewatermelonsauceisdoneandnoonecanresistthetemptationtotake____42____withhotbunsbiteafterbite.Thisyear,myauntwenttoXinjiangforwork.She____43____(excite)sharedoverthephonethatduetothelargetemperaturedifferencebetweendayandnight,____44____usedtotakeatleasthalfamonthinHenancouldbedoneinjust_____45_____dayinXinjiang!第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，在英国笔友Owen的帮助下你获得了上周六学校举办的以“人工智能改变我们的生活”为主题的英语演讲比赛的第一名，请用英语给Owen写一封邮件，内容包括：1.表示感谢。2.回顾他对你的帮助。3.邀请他来中国。提示：人工智能artificialintelligence英语演讲比赛Englishspeechcontest注意：1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearOwen,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Istaredatthegrayishmassmymomhaddroppednexttomycorn.Sheknewhowtomakesevenmeals.Thatwasall.Eachofhermealsbeganwiththesameletterasthedayoftheweek,likeFishFridaysandSpaghettiSaturdays.TodaywasMeatloaf(肉糕)Monday,again.Ipushedmyfoodbackandforthonmyplate,watchingthesadmeatloafspreadaround.Noticingthat,Jeaniepushedherplateawaytoo.Ateleven,Ishouldhavesetanexampleformyyoungersister.Buttoday,Ifeltoutofsorts.Igrabbedthesaltshakerandpointedlyshookitallovermyfoodtoshowmydislike.Alookofhurtanddisappointmentcrossedmymom’sface.Thenext