湖南省衡阳县2025-2026学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省衡阳县2025-2026学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearesomesuggestionsfromnutrition(营养)expertsonhowto“winterize”yourmeals:FreshfruitsandvegetablesCitrusfruits,includinglemons,limesandoranges,areamongthefreshfruitavailableinUSstoresinthewinter.Otherproduceweconnectwiththecoldweatherarepumpkinsandrootvegetableslikesweetpotatoes,parsnips,beetsandradishes.Anddonotoverlookwinter’sleafygreens.Expertssuggestincludingmorechicory(菊苣)intoyourwinterdiet.Youcanalsotrydifferentkales(羽衣甘蓝)andtheleafytopsofrootvegetables,likeradishgreens.Iffreshchoicesarelimited,cannedandfrozenfruitsandvegetablesstillhavealotofnutritionalvalue.Justdonotovercookthem.Alsomakesurethesefoodsdonothavelotsofaddedsaltorfat.Driedfruitsaregoodforwintermeals.Nutscanalsobetasty,nutritiousandfilling.LiquidmealsSoups,stewsandporridgehavealonghistory.Theyoftenaremadeusingjustonecookingpotwhichcaneasethewholeprocess.Theyallcanbefrozeneasilyforalatermeal.Andyoucanputjustaboutanythinginthem.Nutrientsfromtheingredientsstayinthecookingliquid.Thesemealsarealsoawaytotryoutdifferentbeansandlegumescalleda“nutritionalpowerhouse”.CookforothersWintercanbeisolatingforsomepeople.So,joinfriendsandfamilyformealsevenwhenitisnotaholiday.Eatingfoodsthatare“inseason”canhelppeopleconnectwiththesourcesoftheirfoodandwiththeirenvironment.1.Whatdocitrusfruitsinclude?A.Beets. B.Limes. C.Parsnips. D.Radishes.2.Whatdoweknowabouttherecommendedwintertimeliquidmeals?A.Theyarestillnutritional. B.Theyarenoteasytofreeze.C.Theyarefresh,cheapandtraditional. D.Theymainlyfeaturegreenleafyvegetables.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tohelppeoplestorevariousfoodsinwinter.B.TointroducethetypesofAmericanfood.C.Tochangetheeatinghabitsofresistingseverecold.D.Toshowsuggestionsfromnutritionexpertsonwinterdiet.BInthe1986America’sCupsailingrace,atoughcompetitionunfoldedbetweentheUnitedStatesteamandtheAustralianteam.TheAustralianteamhadwontheracemultipletimesbefore.Determinedtotakebackthetrophy(奖杯),theUSteamgatheredplentifulcapitalandtopsailors.Theyevendesignedahigh-speedsailboat,makingtheirgoalofwinningclear.Whentheracestarted,theUSteamtooktheleadrightaway.Bythetimetheywerejustfournauticalmiles(海里)fromthefinishline,theywerealreadythreenauticalmilesaheadoftheAustralianteam.Itseemedvictorywaswithintheirgrasp.However,thewinddirectionatseasuddenlychangedatthiscriticalmoment.TheUSteamwasnowfacedwithatoughchoice:shouldtheyadjust(调整)thesailangle?Yousee,therearetwotypesofwindatsea—gustsandcyclones.Ifitwasagust,adjustingthesailwouldbetherightmove.Butifitwasacyclone,anyadjustmentwouldbeuseless,ascycloneschangedirectionconstantly.Relyingonhisyearsofexperience,theUSteam’soldcaptaindecideditwasagustandorderedthecrewtoadjustthesail.Sadly,hisjudgmentwaswrong.Itturnedouttobeagust-likecyclone.TheUSsailboatspun(转动)aroundinplace,wastingvaluabletime.Meanwhile,theAustralianteamchosenottoadjusttheirsailandquicklycaughtup.Intheend,theAustralianteamovertooktheUSteamwhentheywerejustonenauticalmilefromthefinishlineandwonthechampionship.Aftertherace,mostmediablamedtheoldcaptainfortheUSloss.Butagametheoryexperthadadifferentview.Hesaidthatinanuncertainsituation,theUSteamshouldn’thavetriedtojudgethewinddirectionaccurately.Instead,theyshouldhavewatchedtheAustralianteam’sactions.IftheAustraliansdidn’tadjusttheirsail,theUSteamshouldn’thaveeither.Thatway,theycouldhavekepttheirlead.4.WhymighttheUSteamtaketheleadatthestart?A.Theyhadgoodfunds,sailorsandagoodboat. B.Theypracticedsailingeverysingleday.C.Australianteammadeaslowstart. D.ThewindhelpedtheUSteamalot.5.WhatcanweknowabouttheAustralianteam?A.TheywantedtheUStowin. B.Theydidnottrusttheircaptain.C.Theymadenosailadjustment. D.Theyknewthewindwouldchangeagain.6.Whatadvicedidtheexpertgive?A.Betterlaterthannever. B.Copythecompetitor’smove.C.Itisnevertoooldtolearnandcreate. D.Trustthecaptain.7.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheUnpredictableSeaWinds B.ARaceLostattheLastMileC.America’sCupSailingRace D.TheRoleofExperienceinSailingCA14-yearstudyofover90,000adultspresentedattheEuropeanSocietyofCardiologyCongresshasrevealedthat“catch-upsleep”onweekendscanreduceheartdiseaseriskbyupto20%.Theresearch,ledbycardiovascular(心血管的)scientistsfromChina’sFuwaiHospital,trackedparticipantsthroughtheUKBiobankandfoundthatthosewhogotthemostcompensate(补偿的)weekendsleepwere19%lesslikelytodevelopheartdiseasecomparedtothosewhomaintainedconsistentbutinsufficientsleepschedules.Theprotectiveeffectwasmostdramaticforthe20%ofparticipantsclassifiedassleep-deprived—thosegettingfewerthansevenhoursnightlyduringweekdays.AseparateNHANESstudyof3,400Americansconfirmedthesefindings,showingthatweekendcatch-upsleepdurationofmorethan2hourswasstronglyassociatedwithreducedcardiovasculardiseaseprevalencewhenweekdaysleepfellbelowsixhours.Buthere’swhatmakesthisdiscoveryrevolutionary:itdirectlychallengesdecadesofsleepmedicineorthodoxy(正统观念).Whileexpertshavelongemphasizedmaintainingregularsleeptomaintaincircadianrhythms(昼夜节律),thisresearchsuggeststhatforindividualssufferingfromlong-termlackofsleep,sleepinginonweekendsmaybemoreprotectivethanmaintainingaregularbutinsufficientsleeppattern.Thestudyfoundspecificreductionsinstroke(中风)andcoronaryheartdiseaseamongweekendsleepers.Dr.JimLiufromOhioStateUniversity’sWexnerMedicalCenterexplainsthemechanism:“Insufficientsleepcanincreasetheriskofdevelopinghypertension,obesity,arrhythmias,andcoronaryarterydisease.Ontheotherhand,makingupforlostsleepcanreducesuchrisks.”TheAmericanHeartAssociationnowconsiderssleeponeofthecorecomponentsofhearthealth,rankingitalongsidediet,exercise,andsmokingcessation.WithoneinthreeAmericanadultsreportinginsufficientdailysleep,thisresearchsuggeststhatweekendrecoverysleepmightserveasacrucialcardiacsafetynetformillionsofpeoplewhoarealwaystired.8.Whichgroupcanbenefitmostfromweekendcatch-upsleep?A.Peoplewhosleep8hourseverynight. B.Peoplewhosleeplessthan7hoursonweekdays.C.Peoplewhomaintainaregularsleepschedule. D.Peoplewhooftenfeelsleepyonweekdays.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prevalence”inParagraph4mean?A.Occurrence. B.Treatment. C.Prevention. D.Cure.10.WhatisJimLiu’sattitudetowardstheresearchresults?A.Favourable. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Unconcerned.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Americansneedtosleepmoreonweekends.B.Long-termlackofsleepcausesmanydiseases.C.Sleepmedicineexpertsshouldchangetheiradvice.D.Weekendcatch-upsleepcanreduceheartdiseaserisk.DThemodelcalledAguaPrope,meaningcleanwater,waspresentedbyateamofmiddleschoolstudentsfromHouston.AtthefutureCityNationalsinWashingtonDC,thestudents’goalwastobuildacitywithacleanandreliablewatersupply.ManymembersontheHoustonteamhaverootsinKarachi,Pakistanlargestandmostcontaminated(被污染的)city,wherewatershortagesandaccesstocleanwaterareaconstantproblem.Karachiisquiteunderdevelopednow.UnlikeinAmerica,alotofpeopleareonthestreets—theydon’thavewatertodrinkorthey’redrinkingcontaminatedwater.It’sveryhardtoevenlikeshowersovertheday.ThegovernmentinKarachisaysthecitysuppliesonlyhalfofthewateritneedsdaily.TheconsequencesofKarachi’swaterproblemsareheartbreaking.UNICEFreportseveryyear53thousandchildrendieofdiarrhea(腹泻)causedbydrinkingcontaminatedwater.StudentsontheHoustonteamsaytheirmodelincludesastablesystem,whichmonitorssupplyanddemand,storage,filtration(过滤),anddiversionofconventionalaswellasfloodwatersacrosstheJacksonvillelandscape.TheprojectAguaPropeislocatedinJacksonvilleFlorida,wherethemainproblemsarestormsurges,hurricanesandfloods.Actuallyalotofproblemscausedbywatershortageandpollutionaregoingoninternationallyrightnow,especiallyincoastalcities.There,limitedaccesstocleandrinkingwaterordrinkingcontaminatedwatermayleadtodevelopmentaldisordersandcancer-relatedissues.AguaPropemodelwonthePeople’sChoiceAwardbasedonvotingbythegeneralpublic,andthebestfuturisticcityaward.Thismodelcallsfortechnologysoadvancedthatitwillbedecadesbeforeitcanbeputintoeffect.Butthestudentssaytheyhopeonedaywithinthenext50yearstheirvisionofacleanwatercitywillbecomeareality.12.Whydidthestudentschoosetofocusonwaterproblems?A.Theirteacherforcedthemtochoosethistopic.B.Waterproblemsarerareintheirhometown.C.Manyofthemcomefromacitywithseriouswatershortages.D.Theywantedtowinaninternationalsciencecompetition.13.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.TheeffectsofcontaminatedwaterinKarachi.B.TheseriousnessofwaterproblemsinKarachiandPakistan.C.ThesolutionstowaterproblemsinKarachi.D.ThehistoryofwatersupplyinPakistan.14.WhatproblemsdoesJacksonvilleface?A.Earthquakesanddroughts. B.Floodsandhurricanes.C.Volcaniceruptionsandstorms. D.Sandstormsandwatershortages.15.WhatcanweinferabouttheAguaPropemodelfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisalreadybeingusedinsomecities. B.ItwillbebuiltinJacksonvillefirst.C.Itisnotyetpossibletobuildwithcurrenttechnology. D.Itistooexpensiveforanycitytoafford.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Canyouthinkofadaywithoutmusic?Wecanhearmusiceverywhere:inthestreetsandathome,overtheradioandonTV,intheshopsandintheparks.___16___Theylistentomusic,theydancetomusic,andtheylearntoplaymusicalinstruments.Musicisn’tonlyacombinationofpleasantsounds.Itisanartwhichreflectslife.Therearealotofdifferentkindsofmusic.Someofthemappearedlongago,andsomearemodern.Folkmusicappearedlongago,butitisstillalive.Folksongsareverypleasanttolistento.___17___Rapisamodernmusicalstylewherethesingerspeaksorshoutsthewordsintimetomusicwithasteadybeat.GreatBritainhasproducedmorepopularmusicstarsthananyothercountry.Britishgroupsoftensetnewtrendsinmusic.___18___Manyofthenewbandshavebeenabletousechangesintechnologytodeveloptheirmusicsuchascomputeriseddrummachines,synthesisersandotherelectronicinstruments.___19___Sopeople’smusicalinterestsrangefrompopandrockmusictoclassicalmusicandopera.Myfavouritestyleofmusicispopmusic,becauseitisfullofenergy.WhenIlistentopopmusicitmakesmerememberhappytimesandforgettheproblemsofeverydaylife.Ialsoenjoylisteningtoclassicalmusic.Musicappealstoourhearts.___20___Musicisbeautyinsounds;itisourmagicsourceofinspiration.A.Tastesdiffer.B.Musicisquiteunlikeanyotherartform.C.Itcomfortsoursoulsandenrichesourminds.D.Peopleallovertheworldarefondofmusic.E.Classicalmusicisoftenassociatedwiththemusicofthepast.F.Newstyles,groupsandsingerscontinuetoappear.G.Musicisagreatchannelforreleasingyouremotions.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。There’sanautumndaythatIrecall(回想)everytimeIfindmyselfcaughtupintherushoflife.Onesunnyafternoon,feeling____21____abouttheupcomingcollegeapplications,Idecidedtotakea____22____frommystudies.IheadedoutsidetomybackyardgardenwhereIbegantoweed(除草)angrily,my____23____anddepression(沮丧)pouringintoeach____24____pullofunwantedgreenery.Mr.Jensen,aquietmaninhisseventieslivingnextdoor,wasinhisgardenasusual,____25____hisroses.Seeingmydepression,hewalkedoverand____26____startedweedingalongsideme.Afterafewminutesofsharedsilence,hefinally____27____.“Youknow,”hebegan,“weedingagardenisalotlikegoingthroughlife.”Alittlepuzzled,I____28____andlookedathim.Hecontinued,“Sometimes,wefocusontheweeds—the____29____anddifficulties—somuchthatweforgettoenjoythe____30____.”Hegesturedtothebeautifulrosesinhisgarden,theirbrightcolours____31____intheafternoonsun.“Don’tforgetto____32____theroses,evenasyoudealwiththeweeds.”Thatsimple____33____hitmehard.Ihadbeensofocusedonthe____34____ofmyfuture,thatIhadforgottentoenjoymypresent—thefriendships,thejoyoflearningnewthings,andthe____35____ofsimplybeingalive.Thatday,Mr.JensentaughtmealifelessonthatI’vecarriedwithmeeversince.21.A.ashamed B.anxious C.novel D.incredible22.A.shower B.walk C.chance D.break23.A.eagerness B.gentleness C.annoyance D.genius24.A.visible B.scientific C.hard D.vital25.A.tending B.pulling C.obtaining D.seeking26.A.silently B.entirely C.automatically D.abnormally27.A.calmeddown B.spokeup C.summedup D.straightenedup28.A.switched B.edged C.sneezed D.stopped29.A.assessments B.consequences C.problems D.routines30.A.passions B.patents C.soils D.flowers31.A.shining B.differing C.reacting D.posing32.A.appreciate B.boost C.detect D.adopt33.A.theme B.tone C.wisdom D.theory34.A.characteristic B.career C.devotion D.stress35.A.embarrassment B.beauty C.conclusion D.entertainment第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesepeoplehaveappreciatedthebeautyoflanternssinceHanDynasty.Anditiscustomary____36____(admire)thecharmoflanternsduringLanternFestivalandMid-AutumnFestival.Lanternshowsareheldthroughoutthecountry____37____suchoccasions.ShowsareheldonsnowandiceinNortheastChina,____38____icesculpturescreateafairytaleoflightandcolor.MentioningChineselanternswouldnotbecompletewithoutmakingmentionofacityinSichuanprovince,Zigong,often____39____(describe)astheCityofLanterns.ThecustomofenjoyinglanternsonfestivalsbeganinZigongasearlyastheTangDynasty.MostChineselanterns____40____(make)withwirestructuresandfabriccoverings.Toaddtoitsbeauty,Zigongcraftsmenalsouse____41____(variety)ofmaterials,suchassilk,paper,bambooandevenporcelain.Lantern____42____(produce)isnowadrivingforceforthelocaleconomy.AtannualZigongLanternShow,visitorsgatherinZigongtoenjoylanterns,aswellasotherrecreationalactivities.ThecleverhandsofZigongcraftsmenhavealsotakenthis____43____(nation)intangibleheritageabroad,____44____(present)wondersofcoloranddelightatlanternshowsinmorethan70countriesandregionsworldwide.Zigonglanternsarenow_____45_____namecardfortheirhometownandmotherland.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你参加了你市以“最美公园”为主题的摄影比赛，并获得了一等奖。请你给澳大利亚朋友Mary写一封邮件分享这一消息，内容包括：1.介绍你的作品；2.说明拍摄理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMary,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Recently,Istartedmyfirstdayofhighschool.Alotofpeoplebuildupthefirstdaytobethemostintimidating(令人惊恐的)thing.Iwentfromatinymiddleschooltothisgianthighschoolandwasexpectingnottoknowwhereanythingwas.IalsowaspanickingbecauseIknewninthgradewouldhavehigherexpectationsthaneighth,andIwasn’tsurehowIwoulddoattakingonthatchallenge.TheonethingthatkeptmecalmwasthatmybestfriendDoraisactuallyatmynewschool,s