湖南省名校联考2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省名校联考2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChildcareVolunteerPrograminBrazil—RiodeJaneiroFulloflifeandwanttobeaChildcarevolunteerinBrazil?InternationalVolunteerHQ’sChildcareprojectenablesvolunteerstohelpoutincommunitycentersandgetexperiencelookingafterchildren.Whattoexpectandhowyou’llmakeanimpactSchoolsinRiodeJaneirorunineitherthemorningorafternoon,whichoftenmeanschildrenareleftaloneforlongstretchesoftimewhiletheirparentswork.Thisprojectaimstogivebabiesandsmallchildrenasafeplacewheretheycanspendtheirtimeinasociallypositivewayandwithadultsupervision(照看),careandattention.Asachildcarevolunteeryou’llbeassistinglocalstaffatcommunitycenterswherethereareoftenmanychildrenperstaffmember.Yourhelpwillallowchildrentogetmoretimewithadultsandlightentheloadforlocalstaff.Taskswillvarybutarelikelytoinclude:*Givingchildrencareandaffection*Settingupandplayingeducationalgames*Arrangingsportsandphysicalactivities*Helpingteacherswithlessons*TeachingbasicEnglishWhenyouvolunteerwithchildreninRio,you’llbeaddingvaluetothelocalcommunity,whilealsodevelopingpersonallyandprofessionallyby:*Helpingstudentsgrowandlearninasafespace*PracticingyourPortuguese(葡萄牙语)*Developingyourcommunicationskills*GainingchildcareexperienceVolunteerrequirements:*Volunteersmustbe18yearsoroldertoparticipateinthisprogram.*AllvolunteersmustspeakEnglishandhavesufficientvolunteertravelinsurance.*GaincoursecreditfromyourcollegeoruniversityandmeetyouracademicrequirementswhencompletingavolunteerabroadprogramwithInternationalVolunteerHQ!1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheproject?A.Itteamsupwiththecommunity.B.Itpaysvolunteersmoneyfortheirwork.C.Itofferslocalteenagersachancetovolunteer.D.Itsmainaimistohelpthehomelesschildren.2.Whatisthevolunteers’dutyintheprogram?A.Teachinginthelocallanguage.B.SpreadingtheBrazilianculture.C.Makingsureofchildren’ssafetyatschool.D.Makingarrangementsforphysicalactivities.3.Whatisamusttotakepartintheprogram?A.Meetingtheagerequirement. B.Gainingenoughcoursecredits.C.BeingexpertatEnglishwritingskills. D.Havingsufficientvolunteerexperience.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了去巴西做托儿志愿者的活动并介绍了参与这项志愿工作的要求以及意义。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章开头“InternationalVolunteerHQ’sChildcareprojectenablesvolunteerstohelpoutincommunitycentersandgetexperiencelookingafterchildren.(国际志愿者总部的儿童保育项目能让志愿者们在社区中心提供帮助，并获得照顾儿童的经验。)”可知，这个活动让志愿者们能够前往社区中心提供帮助，因此是和社区合作的。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Taskswillvarybutarelikelytoinclude:部分中的“*Arrangingsportsandphysicalactivities(*安排体育和身体活动)”可知，志愿者需要负责安排学生的体育活动。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Volunteerrequirements部分中的“*Volunteersmustbe18yearsoroldertoparticipateinthisprogram.(*参与此项目者须年满18岁。)”可知，志愿者需要满足年龄要求。故选A。BDawnShedrickismatter-of-factabouttheheartbreaksofcaring.Sheisclearandcalmwhenshedescribesitshardshipsandgrief.Theonlytimethathervoicetightensiswhenshetalksabouttheisolation(孤立)shefelt,andaboutalltheothercaregiverswholiveinthoselonelyshadows.Fordecades,sheheldittogetherandputonabraveface.Shewatchedhermotherstruggle,andkeptthesorrowtoherself.Hersituationisalltoocommon.Thelatestestimateisthat106millionpeopledosomekindofunpaidcareforanadultinthiscountry.Butbecausefamilycaringisnotapublicconversation,manyofthem—ofus—feelinvisible.Nearlyhalfsaytheyarelonely,morethantwicetheU.S.rateof22%.Afewyearsago,ShedricklearnedabouttheCaregiverActionNetwork(CAN),aDC-basedorganizationthatamongotherservicesstaffsahotlineforcaregiverswhoneedallkindsofhelp.Thegroupstartedthehotlinebecause,despitetheirnumbers,therewasnospecificinformationplatformtohelpthemfindresourcesandhelp.Whatcallerswantmorethananythingistobeseenandrecognized,saysCANCEOMarvellAdams.“Everyresourcewehave,thewholepurposeistogiveawarenesstocaregivers:Youarenotalone,”hesays.“Wehearoverandoveragain—Theydon’talwayswantsomebodytosolveit.Whattheywantissomebodytorecognizethem.”Shedrickjoinedtheboard,aimingtohelpothercaregiversfindsupport.She’sseenhowharditcanbe.Herconsultingcompany,JenTex,providestraining,professionaldevelopmentandcontinuingeducationforsocialworkersandthoseinhealthandhumanservices.Shedricknowmanagesthebinderofmedicalinformationthatorganizeseverythingthat’shappened—everydoctor,everysymptom(症状).Itweighsonher,but,shesays,shenowknowswhosheis,whotoleanonforsupport,andhasawaytoconnecttoothers,bytalkingaboutherexperience.4.HowdidDawnShedrickfeelwhenspeakingofherloneliness?A.Embarrassed. B.Ashamed. C.Emotional. D.Relieved.5.Whatistheintentionofthehotline?A.Toassistthefamilycaregivers. B.Toprovidehelpfortheneedyfamily.C.Tointroducenursingworkersforpatients. D.Toofferfamilymembersnursingtraining.6.WhatmessagedoesMarvellAdamsconvey?A.Caregiverslackspiritualsupport.B.Callersneedpracticalhelpinmostcases.C.Theirhotlinewillbereplacedbyvideophones.D.Manypeopleprovideunpaidcareforanadult.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DawnShedrick:ABraveCaregiverforHerMotherB.Caregivers:AGroupHopingtoConnectwithOthersC.UnpaidCaregiving:ACommonPhenomenonintheU.S.D.TheCaregiverActionNetwork:OfferingHotlineServices【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过道恩·谢德里克（DawnShedrick）自己护理母亲的故事引出了家庭护理人员面临孤独、被忽视、得不到认可的社会问题。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Theonlytimethathervoicetightensiswhenshetalksabouttheisolation(孤立)shefelt,andaboutalltheothercaregiverswholiveinthoselonelyshadows.(只有在谈到自己所感受到的孤独以及那些身处孤独阴影中的其他护理人员时，她的声音才会微微紧绷。)”可推断，道恩·谢德里克当时情绪是激动的。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afewyearsago,ShedricklearnedabouttheCaregiverActionNetwork(CAN),aDC-basedorganizationthatamongotherservicesstaffsahotlineforcaregiverswhoneedallkindsofhelp.Thegroupstartedthehotlinebecause,despitetheirnumbers,therewasnospecificinformationplatformtohelpthemfindresourcesandhelp.(几年前，谢德里克了解到“护理者行动网络”（CAN），这是一个位于华盛顿特区的组织，除了提供其他服务外，还为需要各种帮助的护理人员提供热线服务。该组织开通这条热线是因为，尽管护理人员人数众多，但并没有专门的信息平台来帮助他们获取资源和寻求帮助。)”可知，看护行动网络（CAN）组织开设热线是为了给看护人员提供支持和帮助。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Wehearoverandoveragain—Theydon’talwayswantsomebodytosolveit.Whattheywantissomebodytorecognizethem.(我们不断听到这样的声音——他们并不总是希望有人来解决这些问题。他们想要的，是有人能够认可自己。)”可知，玛维尔·亚当斯认为看护人员需要的是认可和情感上的理解。故选A。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章通过道恩·谢德里克（DawnShedrick）自己护理母亲的故事引出了家庭护理人员面临孤独、被忽视、得不到认可的社会问题。因此B选项“Caregivers:AGroupHopingtoConnectwithOthers(照顾者：一群渴望与他人建立联系的人)”可以作为文章标题。故选B。CInthe10yearssincethebookNudge:ImprovingDecisionsAboutHealth,Wealth,andHappinesswaspublished,theideaofnudging(助推)peopletomakebetterdecisionshasbecomemainstreamineverythingfromgovernmenttopublichealthtopersonalhabits.Anudgeisawayofskillfullyinfluencingchoiceswithoutactuallyforbiddinganything.Oneoftheexamplesinthebookisthecafeteriathatnudgeddinersintohealthyeatinghabitsbyplacingfruitsandotherhealthysnacksateyelevel,whileputtingchipsandicecreaminharder-to-reachspots.Noonewaspreventedfromseekingouttheirfavoritejunkfood,butthesetupoftheofferingsencourageddinerstochooseappleslicesinstead.Buteventhoughnudgeshaveprovensuccessfulinseveralfields,they’renotperfect.Infact,nudgesdon’talwaysworkandcansometimesevenbackfire.Here’swhynudgesaren’talwaysthebestwaytogoaboutchangingyourhabits—strongpreferences.I’macrazyreader.I’matthelibraryasoftenastwiceaweek.Despitethis,Icarryanaverageoverduefinebalanceofcloseto$10atanyonetime.Overtheyears,I’vetriedvariousnudgestoimprovemyon-timereturnrate.I’veleftbooksonthetablebythedoor,leftbooksinmycar,andI’veevenplaced“returnlibrarybooks”onmyworkto-dolist.Notasingleoneofthesenudgeshasworked.What’sgoingonhereisthatmypreexistingpreferencesarefarstrongerthanmynudgestoreturnthebooks.Strongpreferencescanalsohelptoexplainsomephenomenonofthepatients.Nomatterwhatnudgesthemedicalprofessionhasattemptedtousetoimprovepatientcompliance,manypatientshavesuchastrongpreexistingpreferencetomaintaintheiroldeatingandexercisehabitsthatthey’llsimplyignoretheirdoctor’srecommendations.Evenwhenitcomestotakingmedication,thepreferencetonottakeitisgreaterthanevensomefinancialnudgesthatpaypatientstocomply.Thoughnudgescanhelptoimprovehabits,theywillnotovercomestrongpreferences.8.Whichofthefollowingbelongstonudge?A.Customers’shoppinghabits. B.Thevolumeofbackgroundmusic.C.Asalesman’sstrongrecommendation. D.Theadvertisementplayedinashoppingcenter.9.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceillustrate?A.Booklovingcanbeacrazything.B.Badhabitsarealwaysformedlittlebylittle.C.Moreimportanceshouldbeattachedtonudging.D.Thenudgingisnotalwaysaseffectiveasweexpect.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“compliance”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Obedience. B.Living. C.Condition. D.Accommodation.11.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A.Abriefintroductionofabook. B.Anideamentionedinabook.C.Theauthor’spersonalexperience. D.Thedisadvantagesofpreference.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“nudge”的定义和益处。作者还通过自己的经历说明相较于强烈的偏好，“nudging”这种助推的方法并不总是有效，因此人们要客观看待。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Anudgeisawayofskillfullyinfluencingchoiceswithoutactuallyforbiddinganything.Oneoftheexamplesinthebookisthecafeteriathatnudgeddinersintohealthyeatinghabitsbyplacingfruitsandotherhealthysnacksateyelevel,whileputtingchipsandicecreaminharder-to-reachspots.Noonewaspreventedfromseekingouttheirfavoritejunkfood,butthesetupoftheofferingsencourageddinerstochooseappleslicesinstead.(“助推”是一种巧妙影响他人选择、却不施加任何禁止性约束的方式。书中举了一个自助餐厅的例子：餐厅将水果等健康零食摆放在与视线平齐的位置，同时把薯片、冰淇淋等零食放在难以够到的地方，以此引导食客养成健康的饮食习惯。食客完全可以自由取走自己喜爱的垃圾食品，但这样的陈列方式会促使他们选择苹果片这类健康食物)”可知，商场里播放的广告会无意识地影响人们对商品的选择，这属于“nudge”这种助推模式。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Buteventhoughnudgeshaveprovensuccessfulinseveralfields,they’renotperfect.Infact,nudgesdon’talwaysworkandcansometimesevenbackfire.(但即便“助推”策略已在多个领域被证实卓有成效，它也并非十全十美。事实上，“助推”并非总能奏效，有时甚至还会适得其反)”以及第四段“Here’swhynudgesaren’talwaysthebestwaytogoaboutchangingyourhabits—strongpreferences.I’macrazyreader.I’matthelibraryasoftenastwiceaweek.Despitethis,Icarryanaverageoverduefinebalanceofcloseto$10atanyonetime.Overtheyears,I’vetriedvariousnudgestoimprovemyon-timereturnrate.I’veleftbooksonthetablebythedoor,leftbooksinmycar,andI’veevenplaced“returnlibrarybooks”onmyworkto-dolist.Notasingleoneofthesenudgeshasworked.What’sgoingonhereisthatmypreexistingpreferencesarefarstrongerthanmynudgestoreturnthebooks.(这就是为什么“助推”并非总是帮你改变习惯的最佳办法——问题出在强烈的固有偏好上。我是个不折不扣的书迷，每周都会去两次图书馆。尽管如此，我账户里的逾期罚款金额平均始终都接近10美元。这些年来，我试过各种各样的助推方法来提高按时还书率：把书放在门边的桌子上、留在车里，甚至还在工作待办清单上写下“归还图书馆书籍”这一项。但这些办法没有一个奏效。真正的原因在于，我本身对读书的执念，远比这些催促我还书的助推力量要强烈得多)”可知，作者的经历说明了助推作用并不总是如我们所预期的那样有效。故选D。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“manypatientshavesuchastrongpreexistingpreferencetomaintaintheiroldeatingandexercisehabitsthatthey’llsimplyignoretheirdoctor’srecommendations(许多患者原本就有很强的维持原有饮食和运动习惯的倾向，因此他们会完全无视医生的建议)”可知，后文提到病人在运动、饮食甚至服药方面无视医生的建议，由此推断此处指病人对医生建议的依从性，因此A选项“服从，遵从”意思接近。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inthe10yearssincethebookNudge:ImprovingDecisionsAboutHealth,Wealth,andHappinesswaspublished,theideaofnudgingpeopletomakebetterdecisionshasbecomemainstreamineverythingfromgovernmenttopublichealthtopersonalhabits.(自《助推：如何做出有关健康、财富与幸福的最佳决策》一书出版后的十年间，这种通过“助推”引导人们做出更优决策的理念，已渗透到政府施政、公共卫生、个人习惯养成等各个领域，成为了一种主流思想)”以及文章主要讨论了“nudge”的定义和益处。作者还通过自己的经历说明相较于强烈的偏好，“nudging”这种助推的方法并不总是有效，因此人们要客观看待。因此B选项“书中提及的一个想法”是文章主要介绍的内容。故选B。DItmightjustserveasawaytopassarainyafternoon,butswimmingmaybeoneofhumans’oldesthobbies.Theearliestswimmingpooldatesbackto3000BCE,intheIndusValley.Muchlater,inthe19thcentury,swimmingpoolsemergedinBritainandtheU.S.Butalongwiththemcamethechallengeofkeepingthemhygienic.Evennow,publicandprivateswimmingpoolscanbecomehotbedsofinfectionifthey’renotwellmaintained.Overthelast25years,swimmingpoolshavebeenthemostcommonsettingforoutbreaksofaninfectiousintestinaldiseaseinEnglandandWales.Swimmerscancatchcryptosporidium(隐孢子虫)byaccidentallyswallowingunhealthymatterinthepoolwater,saysJackieKnee,assistantprofessorintheLondonSchooloftropicalMedicine’sEnvironmentalHealthGroup.Youmaygotomanylengthstoavoidswallowingpoolwater,butevidencesuggeststhatsomestillendsupinourbodies.Accordingtoa2017studyconductedatpublicswimmingpoolsinOhioinvolvedtestingthebloodof549people,onaverage,theadultsswallowedaround21mLperhour,whilechildrenswallowedaround49mLperhour.Whenoneswallowspoolwater,thechancesofthiswaterbeinganinfectionriskdiffersdependingonhowbusythepoolis.Onestudyfoundthatcontractingcryptosporidiumismorelikelywhenswimmingatpeaktimes.Theresearcherstestedwaterfromsixpoolsonceaweekfor10weeksinsummer2017,anddetectedcryptosporidiumin20%ofthepoolsamples,andatleastonceineachpool.Twothirdsofthesewatersampleswereduringthepool’sbusiesttimes,intheschoolholidays.AccordingtoJackieKnee,theriskofchloramines(氯胺)formingabovethewatercanbeloweredbyensuringthateveryoneshowersbeforeenteringthepool,whichhelpstowashofffaecalmatter.Showeringcanhelptolowertheriskofspreadingandcontractinginfection.“Otherimportantwaystoavoidinfectionsfromswimmingpoolsincludeavoidingswallowingpoolwater,”JackieKneeadds.12.Whatchallengewereswimmingpoolsfacinginthe19thcentury?A.Toreducecosts. B.Tokeepwaterclean.C.Toattractcustomers. D.Togetenoughwater.13.Whatdidthe2017studyshow?A.Goingswimmingcanbedangerous.B.Swallowingpoolwaterishardtoavoid.C.Peopledon’tknowtheharmofpoolwater.D.Adultsswallowmorepoolwaterthanchildren.14.Whatmainlydecidesinfectionriskaccordingtoparagraph5?A.Thenumberofswimmers. B.Thesizeofswimmingpools.C.Thelengthofswimminghours. D.Thetemperatureofpoolwater.15.WhatdoesJackieKneeintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Togivesomeanalyses. B.Toissuesomewarnings.C.Tomakesomecomments. D.Tooffersomesuggestions.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍游泳的历史、泳池卫生问题、感染风险及预防措施，向读者普及泳池健康知识。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Muchlater,inthe19thcentury,swimmingpoolsemergedinBritainandtheU.S.Butalongwiththemcamethechallengeofkeepingthemhygienic.(很久以后，在19世纪，游泳池在英国和美国出现了。但随之而来的是保持游泳池卫生的挑战。)”可知，19世纪游泳池面临的主要挑战是保持池水清洁。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Accordingtoa2017studyconductedatpublicswimmingpoolsinOhioinvolvedtestingthebloodof549people,onaverage,theadultsswallowedaround21mLperhour,whilechildrenswallowedaround49mLperhour.(根据2017年在俄亥俄州公共游泳池进行的一项研究，该研究测试了549人的血液，平均而言，成年人每小时吞咽约21毫升，而儿童每小时吞咽约49毫升。)”可知，人们在游泳时会吞咽池水，且儿童吞咽量大于成人，说明吞咽池水难以完全避免。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Whenoneswallowspoolwater,thechancesofthiswaterbeinganinfectionriskdiffersdependingonhowbusythepoolis.Onestudyfoundthatcontractingcryptosporidiumismorelikelywhenswimmingatpeaktimes.Theresearcherstestedwaterfromsixpoolsonceaweekfor10weeksinsummer2017,anddetectedcryptosporidiumin20%ofthepoolsamples,andatleastonceineachpool.Twothirdsofthesewatersampleswereduringthepool’sbusiesttimes,intheschoolholidays.(当人吞下泳池水时，这些水带来感染风险的几率会因泳池的拥挤程度而不同。一项研究发现，在高峰时段游泳时，感染隐孢子虫的可能性更高。研究人员于2017年夏季对6个泳池的水样进行了为期10周的每周检测，结果在20%的泳池样本中发现了隐孢子虫，且每个泳池至少检测出一次。这些阳性水样中，有三分之二来自泳池最繁忙的时段——学校假期期间。)”可知，游泳池使用者的数量是决定感染风险的主要因素。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。最后一段中，JackieKnee提出具体行动建议“ensuringthateveryoneshowersbeforeenteringthepool(确保入池前淋浴)”、“avoidingswallowingpoolwater(避免吞咽池水)”，均为“预防感染的方法”。因此她的意图是提供建议。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyouwaitingforasign?Abreakthrough?Amomentwheneverythingmagicallyfallsintoplace?It’stimetostopwaiting.____16____Ifyouwantadifferentlife,it’suptoyoutomakeithappen.Inmyworkasalifecoach,Iseetoomanypeoplesitonthesidelinesoftheirownlives,hopingthatsomeday,somethingwillchange.____17____Whenthingschangeinsideyou,everythingchangesaroundyou.Themomentyoudecidetostepup,yourlifebeginstotransform.ThePowerofPerspective:ChangeHowYouSee,ChangeHowYouLiveThewayyouviewtheworldshapesyourreality.Ifyouchangethewayyoulookatthings,thethingsyoulookatchange.____18____Butwhatifthosesamechallengeswereactuallyopportunitiesindisguise(伪装)?Whatifeverystruggleyou’vefacedwaspreparingyouforyournextlevel?ReinventingYourself:TheOnlyWayForward____19____Youcanstartover.Rebuildingyourselfisn’tabouterasingyourpast.Instead,resettingyourlifemeansusingthelessonsfromyourpasttohelpyoustepintothepersonyouweremeanttobecome.Andlet’sbeclear:neverchangeyourselfforanyone.ChangeonlyforYOU.ChangebecauseYOUwantmore.Changebecauseyourefusetosettleforalifethatdoesn’tlightyouup.____20____Everydayisachanceforrediscoveringyourselfandredefiningwhoyouare.Youarenotstuck.Youareinprogress.A.Buthere’sthetruth.B.Afterall,noteveryonelikestochange.C.Nooneiscomingtochangeyourlifeforyou.D.Youdon’thavetobewhoyouwereyesterday.E.Inasense,ithasthesamemeaningasrecreating.F.Rightnow,youmightseechallenges,orreasonswhyyou“can’t”.G.Letyourowndesiretobeabetterselfbeyourinspirationtoliveabetterlife.【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.D20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析并介绍了要想过更好的生活，你要去改变，改变自己看待世界的方式，要重塑自己。【16题详析】上文“It’stimetostopwaiting.(是时候停止等待了。)”建议人们要停止等待，空格处应该介绍这样做的理由，C选项“Nooneiscomingtochangeyourlifeforyou.(没有人会来替你改变生活。)”可以承接上文。故选C。【17题详析】下文“Whenthingschangeinsideyou,everythingchangesaroundyou.Themomentyoudecidetostepup,yourlifebeginstotransform.(当你内心发生变化时，周围的一切也会随之改变。当你决定向前迈进的那一刻，你的生活就开始转变了。)”反驳“等待外部改变”的错误认知，强调个人主动进行改变的关键作用，因此A选项“Buthere’sthetruth.(但是存在一个事实。)”符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】上文“Ifyouchangethewayyoulookatthings,thethingsyoulookatchange.(如果你改变看待事物的方式，你所看到的事物也会改变。)”指出“改变视角的力量”，下文“Butwhatifthosesamechallengeswereactuallyopportunitiesindisguise(伪装)?(但倘若那些同样的挑战实际上只是伪装出来的机会呢？)”反问挑战到底是伪装的机会还是为成长铺路，根据下文的转折可以推断F选项“Rightnow,youmightseechallenges,orreasonswhyyou“can’t”.(现在，你可能只看到挑战，或“你做不到”的理由。)”可以承上启下。故选F。【19题详析】段落标题“ReinventingYourself:TheOnlyWayForward(重塑自我：唯一的前进之路)”是“重塑自我”，而且下文“Youcanstartover.Rebuildingyourselfisn’tabouterasingyourpast.Instead,resettingyourlifemeansusingthelessonsfromyourpasttohelpyoustepintothepersonyouweremeanttobecome.(你可以重新开始。重建自我并非抹去你的过去。相反，重新设定你的生活意味着利用过去的经验来帮助你成为你注定要成为的人。)”是关于改变自己，重新开始，因此D选项“Youdon’thavetobewhoyouwereyesterday.(你不必还是昨天的那个你。)”符合语境。故选D。【20题详析】上文“ChangeonlyforYOU.ChangebecauseYOUwantmore.Changebecauseyourefusetosettleforalifethatdoesn’tlightyouup.(只为了你自己而改变。因为你是想要更多的缘故而改变。因为你不甘心接受那种无法让你充满活力的生活。)”列出为自己改变的原因，因此G选项“Letyourowndesiretobeabetterselfbeyourinspirationtoliveabetterlife.(让你想成为更好的自己的这份渴望，成为你经营更好生活的动力。)”承接上文，是“为自己改变”的核心。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhenLouisBraillewas3,hehurtoneofhiseyes.____21____notonlysetin,butitalsomovedtotheothereye,leavinghim____22____.However,hisparentswere____23____toteachtheirsonhowtoread.Theypoundednailsintoaboardinthe____24____oflettersandbegantoteachhimthealphabet(字母表).Hestudiedhard,which____25____readingraisedletterswithhisfingertips,atiringexercise.Later,heenteredtheRoyalInstituteforBlindYouth.The____26____camewhenLouiswasintroducedtoasonographic(超声)languageusedinthedarkness,____27____soundslikedotsanddashes(点和划)asacodeforsoldierswhoneededto____28____communicate.Itwasheavybutinawayprovided____29____forLouisBraille.Overthenextfouryears,he_____30_____hisalphabet:sixcellsofdotsarrangedintwocolumnsandthreerows.Each_____31_____ofdotsrepresentedaletter.Later,withthehelpofa_____32_____friendwhoinventedamachinetoemboss(压印)thealphabet_____33_____LouisBrailleontosheetsofpaper,hewrotehometohismother.Likethoseblindpeoplewho_____34_____beforeLouisBrailleinventedhiswritingsystemcalledBraille,wecanonly_____35_____howwonderfulthoselettersmusthavebeen—buttheymeanttheworldtohismother,justashisalphabethasmeantsomuchtotherestoftheworld.21.A.Infection B.Anxiety C.Blame D.Conflict22.A.risky B.invisible C.blind D.abnormal23.A.unlikely B.determined C.unwilling D.suitable24.A.charge B.shape C.spirit D.center25.A.placed B.proved C.received D.required26.A.opportunity B.appetite C.display D.breakthrough27.A.employing B.seeking C.obtaining D.inferring28.A.instantly B.occasionally C.secretly D.efficiently29.A.resource B.inspiration C.support D.solution30.A.recovered B.printed C.cloned D.perfected31.A.combination B.appearance C.position D.size32.A.reliable B.generous C.brilliant D.typical33.A.focusedon B.carvedby C.leftwith D.namedafter34.A.interacted B.existed C.cared D.reflected35.A.imagine B.conclude C.create D.record【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.B25.D26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了LouisBraille幼年失明后，在父母的教导下坚持学习，受军用编码启发完善盲文字母体系，给盲人世界带来改变的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：眼疾引发的感染不仅迅速恶化，还蔓延到了另一只眼睛，最终导致他双目失明。A.Infection感染；B.Anxiety焦虑；C.Blame责备；D.Conflict冲突。根据上文“WhenLouisBraillewas3,hehurtoneofhiseyes.”可推测，LouisBraille眼睛受伤后，随之而来的是眼部问题的感染。故选A。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：眼疾引发的感染不仅迅速恶化，还蔓延到了另一只眼睛，最终导致他双目失明。A.risky有风险的、危险的；B.invisible看不见的、隐形的；C.blind失明的、盲目的；D.abnormal反常的、畸形的。根据上文“________notonlysetin,butitalsomovedtotheothereye”可知，感染扩散到了另一只眼睛。由此可推测，此处指的是这一状况导致他双目失明。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他的父母下定决心要教儿子读书识字。A.unlikely不太可能的；B.determined坚定的、坚决的；C.unwilling不情愿的；D.suitable合适的、适宜的。根据下文“Theypoundednailsintoaboardinthe________oflettersandbegantoteachhimthealphabet（字母表）”可知，父母主动想办法教他认字，可见其态度十分坚决。故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们将钉子钉在木板上，组成一个个字母的形状，开始教他认识字母表。A.charge负责、掌管；B.shape形状、外形；C.spirit精神、心灵；D.center中心、中央。根据空前“Theypoundednailsintoaboard”可知，父母是把钉子钉在木板上，做成字母的形状。考查短语：intheshapeof，意为“以……的形状”，符合句意。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他学习十分刻苦，这种学习方式需要他用指尖去触摸凸起的字母，是一项颇为费力的功课。A.placed放置、安放；B.proved证明、证实；C.received收到、得到；D.required需要、要求。根据上文“Theypoundednailsintoaboardinthe________oflettersandbegantoteachhimthealphabet(字母表).”以及空后“atiringexercise”可推测，他需要用指尖认读凸起的字母，这样的学习方式需要耗费精力。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一次突破性的转机降临了——Louis接触到了一种适用于黑暗环境的超声编码语言。这种语言采用点和划的组合作为代码，供需要秘密联络的士兵使用。A.opportunity机会、机遇；B.appetite胃口、食欲；C.display展示、陈列；D.breakthrough突破、重大进展。根据“whenLouiswasintroducedtoasonographic(超声)languageusedinthedarkness”以及下文LouisBraille创造出盲文体系的内容，可推测，此处指的是他接触到一种超声语言时，迎来了关键性的转折。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一次突破性的转机降临了——Louis接触到了一种适用于黑暗环境的超声编码语言。这种语言采用点和划的组合作为代码，供需要秘密联络的士兵使用。A.employing采用、雇佣；B.seeking寻找、寻求；C.obtaining获得、得到；D.inferring推断、推论。根据空后“soundslikedotsanddashes(点和划)asacode”可知，这种语言采用点和划的声音作为代码。故选A。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一次突破性的转机降临了——Louis接触到了一种适用于黑暗环境的超声编码语言。这种语言采用点和划的组合作为代码，供需要秘密联络的士兵使用。A.instantly立即、马上；B.occasionally偶尔、间或；C.secretly秘密地、私下地；D.efficiently高效地、有效地。根据上文“forsoldiers”可知，这种编码语言是供士兵使用的。结合常识，士兵在执行任务时的沟通往往需要保密。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它虽然操作繁琐，却在某种程度上为LouisBraille带来了灵感。A.resource资源、物力；B.inspiration灵感、鼓舞；C.support支持、支撑；D.solution解决方案、解答。根据下文“Overthenextfouryears,he________hisalphabet:sixcellsofdotsarrangedintwocolumnsandthreerows.”可知，LouisBraille基于此创造盲文字母表的内容，这种编码体系为他带来了启发。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在之后的四年里，他不断完善自己的字母体系：以六个凸点为一个单元，排列成两列三行的矩阵。A.recovered恢复、康复；B.printed印刷、打印；C.cloned克隆、复制；D.perfected完善、使完美。根据下文“sixcellsofdotsarrangedintwocolumnsandthreerows”可知，LouisBraille用四年时间设计并完善了自己的字母表体系。故选D。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个凸点组合，都代表一个字母。A.combination组合、结合体；B.appearance外貌、外观；C.position位置、职位；D.size尺寸、大小。根据上文“sixcellsofdotsarrangedintwocolumnsandthreerows”可知，盲文的每个字母都是由不同的点的组合来表示的。故选A。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，在一位才华横溢的朋友的帮助下，这位朋友发明了一种能将以LouisBraille名字命名的字母图案压印在纸张上的机器，于是他给母亲写信了。A.reliable可靠的、可信赖的；B.generous慷慨的、大方的；C.brilliant聪颖的、杰出的；D.typical典型的、有代表性的。根据下文“whoinventedamachinetoemboss(压印)thealphabet________LouisBrailleontosheetsofpaper”可知，这位朋友发明了压印字母的机器，可见其十分聪慧。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：后来，在一位才华横溢的朋友的帮助下，这位朋友发明了一种能将以LouisBraille名字命名的字母图案压印在纸张上的机器，于是他给母亲写信了。A.focusedon专注于、聚焦于；B.carvedby被……雕刻；C.leftwith留给、剩下；D.namedafter以……命名。根据常识可知，这种盲文体系是以LouisBraille的名字命名的，此处指机器将以他名字命名的字母表压印在纸上。故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像在LouisBraille发明名为“Braille体”的书写系统之前那些失明者一样，我们只能想象那些字母一定是多么美妙——但它们对他的母亲来说意义非凡，正如他的字母表对世界其他地区来说意义重大一样。A.interacted互动、相互作用；B.existed存在、生存；C.cared关心、在乎；D.reflected反映、反射。根据下文“wecanonly________howwonderfulthoselettersmusthavebeen”可知，此处指和那些在布莱叶盲文体系发明之前就存在的盲人一样。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像在LouisBraille发明名为“Braille体”的书写系统之前那些失明者一样，我们只能想象那些字母一定是多么美妙——但它们对他的母亲来说意义非凡，正如他的字母表对世界其他地区来说意义重大一样。A.imagine想象、设想；B.conclude推断、得出结论；C.create创造、创作；D.record记录、记载。根据语境，现代人无法亲身体验盲文发明前盲人的处境，只能去想象那些字母对其母亲的意义。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The77thFrankfurtBookFairbroughttogethermorethan4,000exhibitorsfrom92countriesandregions.Andnearly240,000visitors____36____(attract)tothefair.Sinceitsfoundingin1949,thefair____37____(grow)intooneoftheworld’slargest____38____(publish)eventsandanimportantplatformforcultureexchange.IthasalsobecomeamajorstageforChinesepublishers____39____(share)theirworkswithglobalaudiences.Kaiser,vicepresidentoftheFrankfurtBookFair,saidshewaspleasedto