湖南省湘一名校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省湘一名校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcometotheultimatecelebrationoftheocean’sgentlegiants—theHermanusWhaleFestival,foraweekendfilledwithfun,entertainment,andappreciationfornature’smostmagnificentcreatures！Astheonlyeco-marinefestivalintheworld,theHermanusWhaleFestivaloffersauniqueexperiencetovisitorsofallages.GetupclosetosouthernrightwhalesastheymaketheirannualmigrationtothecoastalwatersofHermanus.Learnaboutmarineconservationefforts,shopforhandmadegoodsatourvibrantmarkets,andenjoydeliciousfood,livemusic,andsomuchmore.Don’tmissoutonthisiconicfestival,whichhasgrownfromhumblebeginningsintoaninternationallyrecognizedevent.Withanestimated75,000to130,000visitorseachyear,theHermanusWhaleFestivalisamust-seeattractionforanyonewholovesnatureandadventure.ComeandjoinusforaweekendofwonderandexcitementattheHermanusWhaleFestival.WhereWhalesMeettheWorld！Getreadyforasplashofnature,music,food,andfamilyfun!TheHermanusWhaleFestivalisback—andbiggerthanever—from3to5October.Setagainstthejaw-droppingbeautyoftheHermanuscoastline,thisiconicfestivalcelebratestheannualreturnofthesouthernrightwhalesinspectacularstyle.Whetheryou’reamarineenthusiast,alivemusiclover,orjustinitforthestreetfoodandfestivevibes,there’ssomethinghereforeveryone.What’sonattheHermanusWhaleFestival！Livebroadcast:KFM94.5—Saturdayfrom7am—2pmStreetParade—ASaturdaymorningat11amfullofcolour,music,andjoy3-DayLiveMusicMarquee—FeaturingSA’sfinest+SaturdayBEERfestivalTreasureHunt(Saturday&Sunday,2pm—4pm)—perfectforcuriousyoungexplorers！Contactdetails:79MarineDriveHermanusSouthAfrica;+276647800811.WhydosouthernrightwhalesappearinthecoastalwatersofHermanus?A.Theyareontheirmigrationroute. B.Theyalwayshuntforfoodthere.C.Theylivethereallyearround. D.Theyarewellprotectedthere.2.Whichactivitywouldprobablyinterestyoungchildren?A.Livebroadcast. B.StreetParade.C.TreasureHunt. D.LiveMusicMarquee.3.Whatisthetextprobably?A.Anewsreport. B.Anadvertisement.C.Atravelplan. D.Anofficialspeech.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了赫曼努斯鲸鱼节的特色、活动内容、举办时间和联系方式，旨在吸引游客前来参与这场融合自然、音乐与美食的海洋盛会。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第2段中“GetupclosetosouthernrightwhalesastheymaketheirannualmigrationtothecoastalwatersofHermanus.(每年，南露脊鲸都会迁徙到赫曼努斯的沿海水域，你可以近距离观赏它们。)”可知，南露脊鲸出现在赫曼努斯沿海水域是因为它们正处于迁徙途中。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据活动安排部分对“TreasureHunt”的描述“TreasureHunt(Saturday&Sunday,2pm—4pm)—perfectforcuriousyoungexplorers！(寻宝游戏(周六和周日，下午2点至4点)——非常适合好奇心强的年轻探险家！)”可知，寻宝游戏被特别标注为适合年轻探险家，因此最有可能吸引年幼的孩子。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第1段中“Welcometotheultimatecelebrationoftheocean'sgentlegiants—theHermanusWhaleFestival(欢迎来到这场海洋温柔巨兽的顶级庆典——赫曼努斯鲸鱼节)”以及最后给出的活动时间、地点和联系方式可知，本文的体裁是广告。故选B。BThemosttransformativemomentofmylifebeganwithafailedrundownmystreet.Asacreativedirectoratahealthpublication,Icouldn’trunformorethanfourminutes.Mydaughter’slaughteronthewalkhomemarkedmylowestpoint—overweight,easilyannoyed,andcompletelyoutofshape.ThatwaswhenIdecidedtomakeachange.Istartedwithsmall,consistentsteps.Weekendjogsbecamemyroutine,eachtimepushingmetogojustalittlefarther.Iexaminedmyhabits,replacedmindlesssnackingwithmindfuleatingandgotridofsugarydrinks.Therewardsweregradualbutprofound:bettersleep,looserclothes,andanewfoundmentalclarity.Runningbecamemymovingmeditation,atimewhenIcouldprocessstressandreturnwithpatienceandfocus.Afterseveralmonths,Icompletedmyfirst5-kilometerrunwithmydaughter.Thoughourpacewasslow,theaccomplishmentfeltenormous.Thatsuccessencouragedmetokeeppushingmyself—5miles,then10miles,andthen15miles.SowhentheopportunitytoruntheNewYorkMarathonarose,Iregisteredimmediately,readytoembraceachallengethattrulyterrifiedme.Forfivemonths,Idedicatedmyselftoastricttrainingplanandlongrunsthatpeakedat20miles.OnthedayIrantheNewYorkMarathon,thoughtired,Ikeptrunningsteadily.WhenIspottedmywifeanddaughterinthecrowd,afinal,electricsurge(猛增)ofenergycarriedmeforward.Crossingthefinishlinein4:51:28,Iwasfloodedwithoverwhelmingpride—Ihaddoneit.Ihadaccomplishedtheimpossible.Thisjourneytaughtmethattruetransformationisachievedinthedailychoicetoshowupandhangoninthere.Weareallcapableoffarmorethanwebelieve.Everystepforward,nomatterhowsmall,movesustowardthebestversionofourselves.Progressisn’taboutperfection;it’saboutconsistentlychoosinggrowthovercomfort.4.Whatledtotheauthor’schangeoflifestyle?A.Hisdaughter’scriticism. B.Hispoorphysicalcondition.C.Hispromotiontogeneraldirector. D.Hisneedtohaveanattractiveimage.5.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theeffectiveapproachesfordealingwithstress.B.Theimmediatebenefitsofquittingdrinking.C.Thestrictexerciseplantheauthorfollowed.D.Thepositiveeffectsoftheauthor’snewlifestyle.6.WhydidtheauthordecidetosignupfortheNewYorkMarathon?A.Hewaseagertomeetchallengeslyingahead.B.Hehadrichexperienceinrunningmarathons.C.Heaimedtodemonstratehisathleticability.D.Hewantedtorunitwithhisdaughter.7.Whatmessagedoesthetextmainlyconvey?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Asmoothseanevermadeaskilledsailor.C.Onecannotobtainanythingwithoutpayingtheprice.D.Athousand-milejourneybeginswiththefirststep.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因身体状态糟糕而决定改变生活方式，从短距离慢跑开始坚持训练，最终完成纽约马拉松的经历，揭示了“循序渐进、持之以恒才能实现蜕变”的道理。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第1段中“Mydaughter’slaughteronthewalkhomemarkedmylowestpoint—overweight,easilyannoyed,andcompletelyoutofshape.ThatwaswhenIdecidedtomakeachange.(步行回家时女儿的笑声标志着我的人生低谷——体重超标、易怒且身体完全走样。就在那时，我决定做出改变。)”可知，是糟糕的身体状况促使作者改变生活方式。故选B。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据第2段中“Therewardsweregradualbutprofound:bettersleep,looserclothes,andanewfoundmentalclarity.Runningbecamemymovingmeditation,atimewhenIcouldprocessstressandreturnwithpatienceandfocus.(这些回报来得缓慢却意义深远：睡眠质量变好、衣服变宽松，还拥有了全新的思维清晰度。跑步成了我的移动冥想时刻，我能在其中排解压力，重拾耐心与专注力。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了作者新的生活方式带来的积极影响。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第3段中“Thatsuccessencouragedmetokeeppushingmyself—5miles,then10miles,andthen15miles.SowhentheopportunitytoruntheNewYorkMarathonarose,Iregisteredimmediately,readytoembraceachallengethattrulyterrifiedme.(这次成功激励着我不断突破自我——从5英里到10英里，再到15英里。所以当纽约马拉松的参赛机会来临时，我立刻报了名，准备迎接这个让我着实胆怯的挑战。)”可知，作者报名纽约马拉松是因为渴望迎接眼前的挑战。故选A。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的总结“Thisjourneytaughtmethattruetransformationisachievedinthedailychoicetoshowupandhangoninthere.Weareallcapableoffarmorethanwebelieve.

Everystepforward,nomatterhowsmall,movesustowardthebestversionofourselves.(这段旅程教会我，真正的转变是在每日选择出现并坚持下去的过程中实现的。我们都拥有远超自己想象的潜力。前进的每一步，无论多么微小，都引领我们走向更好的自己。)”可知，文章主要传递的道理是“千里之行，始于足下”。故选D。CFormanypeople,spendingtimeinnaturecanbearelaxing,enjoyableexperience.Immersing(沉浸)oneselfinthegreenfieldofgrass,ortheshadeofaforestedtrailcanbetrulycalmingandhealing.Recently,researchersfromtheUniversityofExeterandtheUniversityofViennahavepublishedastudyinNatureCommunicationsthatshowedthatnotonlydoesbeinginnaturehelpreducepain,butlookingatnaturecouldhaveasimilareffect.Thestudyshowedthatpeoplewhoviewedimagesofnatureexperiencedlesspainthanthosewhosawimagesofacityoranindooroffice.Inaddition,scansoftheparticipants’brainsalsoshowedchangesinbrainresponsesassociatedwithprocessingpain.Thismeansthatseeingnaturehasaneffectonpain,justlikebeinginnaturedoes.Thisiswelcomenewsforpeoplewhodonotliveneargreenspaces.However,afewmonthslater,theresearcherspublishedanotherstudy,thistimeinPain,showingthatscenesofnatureinvirtualrealityhadmorepain-killingpowerthan2Dscenes.Inordertotesthowvirtualrealityaffectsthesensationofpain,theresearcherssetupanexperimentwith29healthyparticipants,whowereshowntwodifferenttypesofnaturescenes,oneinvirtualrealityandtheotherin2D,afterpainwasdeliveredtotheirforearmsviaelectricshocks.Theresearchersfoundthattheimmersivevirtualrealityscenesmitigatedthedevelopmentandfeelingofpainintheparticipants.Infact,thevirtualrealitywasalmosttwotimesaseffectiveasthe2Dsceneswere.Therearemanyimplicationsofthesestudies,especiallyconcerninghowpeopleperceiveandexperiencepain.However,moreimportantly,therearealsopotentialpracticalimplicationsofthestudies.Thoughgettingoutintonaturecanbehelpfulintermsoftreatingpain,therearemanypeopleintheworldwhosufferfromlong-termpainandareunabletogointonature.8.Whatdidthetwouniversities’studyfindaboutlookingatnaturalscenes?A.Itintensifiesthesenseofpain.B.Itchangesthestructureofthebrain.C.Itmakespeoplefeelboredwithcities.D.Itworkslikerealnatureineasingpain.9.Whyaretheparticipants’brainsscanned?A.Toimprovethebrain’sabilityofpainprocessing.B.Tomeasurethebrain’sresponsestodifferentimages.C.Tocomparethebrainstructuresofdifferentpeople.D.Tolocatethebrainareasresponsibleforviewingnature.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigated”inparagraph6probablymean?A.Caused. B.Sharpened. C.Reduced. D.Reflected.11.Whatwilldoctorsprobablydotohelppatientswithlimitedmobility?A.Bringnaturetothem. B.Providethemwithrecoverytraining.C.Givepainkillerstothem. D.Showthemvariousformsofentertainment.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍相关研究发现置身自然和观看自然景象均能减轻疼痛，且虚拟现实自然场景的镇痛效果优于二维场景。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Recently,researchersfromtheUniversityofExeterandtheUniversityofViennahavepublishedastudyinNatureCommunicationsthatshowedthatnotonlydoesbeinginnaturehelpreducepain,butlookingatnaturecouldhaveasimilareffect.(最近，埃克塞特大学和维也纳大学的研究人员在《自然·通讯》上发表了一项研究，该研究表明，置身大自然不仅有助于减轻疼痛，观看自然景象也可能产生类似的效果。)”可知，两所大学的研究发现观看自然景象在缓解疼痛方面和置身真实自然环境的作用相似。故选D项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thestudyshowedthatpeoplewhoviewedimagesofnatureexperiencedlesspainthanthosewhosawimagesofacityoranindooroffice.Inaddition,scansoftheparticipants’brainsalsoshowedchangesinbrainresponsesassociatedwithprocessingpain.

(该研究显示，观看自然景象图片的人比观看城市或室内办公室图片的人感受到的疼痛更少。此外，对参与者大脑的扫描也显示出与疼痛处理相关的大脑反应发生了变化。)”可知，对参与者进行脑部扫描是为了为了测量大脑对不同图片的反应。故选B项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第六段中的“Theresearchersfoundthattheimmersivevirtualrealityscenesmitigatedthedevelopmentandfeelingofpainintheparticipants.Infact,thevirtualrealitywasalmosttwotimesaseffectiveasthe2Dsceneswere.(研究人员发现，沉浸式虚拟现实场景mitigated参与者疼痛的产生和感受。事实上，虚拟现实的效果几乎是二维场景的两倍。)”可知，虚拟现实场景的镇痛效果优于二维场景，由此推测“mitigated”的意思是“减轻、缓解”，与“reduced”含义相近。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Thoughgettingoutintonaturecanbehelpfulintermsoftreatingpain,therearemanypeopleintheworldwhosufferfromlong-termpainandareunabletogointonature.(虽然走进大自然有助于治疗疼痛，但世界上有许多长期遭受疼痛折磨的人无法走进大自然。)”以及前文提及虚拟现实自然场景和二维自然场景的镇痛效果可知，对于行动不便的患者，医生可能会通过为他们呈现自然相关的景象（比如虚拟现实自然场景）来帮助缓解疼痛，也就是将“自然”带到他们身边。故选A项。DAvideoofalifelikerobotreleasedbyaChineseroboticscompanyshowstherobot’sheadblinks,nods,andlooksaroundinaconvincingimitationofarealhumanface.Thehead,createdbyAheadForm,mightfinduseinresearchonhuman-robotinteractionsorinvariousindustries,includingcustomerserviceandentertainment.Foundedin2024,AheadFormaimstomakeinteractionsbetweenhumansandrobotsfeelmorenaturalandengaging,accordingtothecompany’swebsite.ThecompanyhopestointegrateAIsystemssuchaslargelanguagemodels(LLMs)withrealisticroboticheadssothatrobotscanunderstandandrespondtopeopleinrealtime.“Ourcurrentfocusisoncreatingsophisticated(先进的)humanoidrobotheadsthatcanexpressemotions,perceivetheirenvironment,andinteractsmoothlywithhumans,”acompanyrepresentativesaidonthewebsite.AheadFormhasproducedmultipleseriesofrobotforms,includingits“Elf”lineofpointy-earedfigureswithprecisecontrolsystemsandamorehuman-looking“LanSeries”ofbotsdesignedtoprioritizecost-efficiencyandintuitivemovements.InbuildingaroboticheadthatcanintegratewithAI,thecompanyaimstomakerobotsmoreapproachableandrelatable.Thatcouldbeusefulforindustriessuchascustomerservice,education,andhealthcare,“wherebuildingtrustwithhumanusersisessential,”accordingtothewebsite.ResearchersfromAheadFormarealreadyworkingonhowthismightplayout.Ina2024studypublishedinthejournalScienceRobotics,AheadFormfounderYuhangHuandhiscolleaguesdesignedarobotthatcouldanalyze,predict,andmimic(模仿)humanfacialexpressionsinrealtime.Toachievethesubtle,precisefacialmovementsinthevideo,AheadFormusesbrushlessmotors.Thesetinydevicesrunquietlyandworktogethertocreatethelifeliketwitchesandglancesthatmaketheheadseemrealistic.Insidethisparticularmodel,theOriginM1,thereareupto25tinymotorsthatcontrolthehead’sexpressions.Thebotalsohascamerasinitspupilstohelpit“see”itsenvironment,alongwithbuilt-inspeakersandmicrophonesitcanusetointeractwithusersonthefly.12.Whatdoweknowabouttherobotinthevideo?A.Ithasbeenwidelyusedinvariousindustries.B.Itisdesignedbyaninternationalroboticscompany.C.Itcanfunctionbetterthanhumanincertainaspects.D.Ithasthepotentialtopromotehuman-robotinteractions.13.WhatdoesAheadFormcenteronatpresent?A.Developingadvancedrobotsthatentertainpeople.B.Designingrobotsthatfitinwiththeirsurroundings.C.Producingrobotswithflexibleandlifelikeheads.D.CombiningAIwiththeirexistingrobotmodels.14.WhydoestheauthormentionarobotdesignedbyYuhangHuandhiscolleagues?A.Toillustratetheusageoftherobot.B.Todemonstratetherobot’sabilitytocommunicate.C.ToshowAheadForm’sprogressinroboticresearch.D.Tohighlightthefounder’sremarkableachievements.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?A.TheLatestDevelopmentinRobotResearchB.NewRobotsUseAItoInteractwithHumanBeingsC.ChineseTechCompanyDevelopsaLifelikeRobotHeadD.AdvancedHumanoidRobotsAreWidelyUsedinVariousFields【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国首形科技公司研发的逼真机器人头部，其功能、研发方向、产品系列及相关技术与应用前景。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thehead,createdbyAheadForm,mightfinduseinresearchonhuman-robotinteractionsorinvariousindustries,includingcustomerserviceandentertainment.(这款由首形科技公司研发的机器人头部或许能用于人机交互相关研究，也可应用于客服、娱乐等多个行业。)”可知，视频中的机器人头部有促进人机交互的潜力。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Ourcurrentfocusisoncreatingsophisticated(先进的)humanoidrobotheadsthatcanexpressemotions,perceivetheirenvironment,andinteractsmoothlywithhumans,”acompanyrepresentativesaidonthewebsite.(“我们目前的研发重点是打造具备先进技术的人形机器人头部，这类头部组件能够表达情绪、感知周边环境，并且与人类流畅互动。”一家公司的代表在其官网上如是表示。)”可知，首形科技目前专注于打造能灵活互动、表情逼真的机器人头部。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Ina2024studypublishedinthejournalScienceRobotics,AheadFormfounderYuhangHuandhiscolleaguesdesignedarobotthatcouldanalyze,predict,andmimic(模仿)humanfacialexpressionsinrealtime.(在2024年发表于《科学·机器人学》期刊的一项研究中，首形科技创始人胡宇航及其同事设计出一款能实时分析、预测并模仿人类面部表情的机器人。)”可知，作者提及该机器人是为展示首形科技在机器人研究领域取得的进展。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中的“AvideoofalifelikerobotreleasedbyaChineseroboticscompanyshowstherobot’sheadblinks,nods,andlooksaroundinaconvincingimitationofarealhumanface.Thehead,createdbyAheadForm,mightfinduseinresearchonhuman-robotinteractionsorinvariousindustries,includingcustomerserviceandentertainment.(一家中国机器人公司发布了一段仿生机器人的视频，画面中这款机器人的头部会眨眼、点头、四处张望，模仿真人面部的神态惟妙惟肖。这款由首形科技（AheadForm）研发的机器人头部，未来有望应用于人机交互相关研究，以及客服、娱乐等多个行业领域。)”可知，文章核心是中国科技公司首形科技研发出逼真的机器人头部，其他内容均围绕该核心展开，所以“中国科技公司研发出一款高度仿真机器人头部”概括了全文的主题，使用合作本文的最佳标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anewstudyhighlightstheimportanceofgrit,whichisdefinedasastrongpassionandpersistentdeterminationtowardlong-termgoals.____16____Thestudyalsosuggeststhatothernoncognitive(非认知性的)featuresareimportant.Thesearepersonalqualitiesnotdirectlytiedtointelligence.Theyalsohelppeoplereachtheirobjectives.AngelaDuckworth,apsychologyprofessor,firstgainedwidespreadattentionin2013withherTEDTalkongrit.____17____Thisideagainedfurtherpopularitywiththe2016releaseofherbook,Grit:ThePowerofPassionandPerseverance,whichstruckachord(引起共鸣)withdiverseaudiences.However,someexpertshavequestionedthestressongrit.____18____ArecentstudybyDuckworthandherteamemphasizesthevalueofgritwhilealsoacknowledgingthatitisonefactoramongmany.Thestudyfollowedmorethan11,000cadets(学员)acrossnineclassesatWestPoint,examininghowcognitiveability,physicalfitness,andgritinfluencedoutcomessuchasacademicperformance,graduationrates,andcompletionofthedemandingsix-weektraining.____19____However,gritprovedmoreinfluentialthaneithercognitiveorphysicalabilitiesindeterminingwhetherthecadetswouldcompletethetraining.Furthermore,bothgritandphysicalfitnesswerebetterpredictorsoffour-yeargraduationratesthancognitiveabilityalone.Duckworthadmitsthatcognitiveskillsalonearenotenoughforsuccessandcallsformoreresearchintononcognitivefactors.FrankWorrell,anotherpsychologist,agreesthatthesefactorsareimportant.Buthequestionswhethergritisthemostessentialone.Hethinksthatotherqualitieslikeself-efficacyandoptimismmaybeequallyimportant.Duckworthandherco-author,MichaelD.Matthews,acknowledgethesignificanceofgrit.Theyalsorecognizethevalueofexploringothervariables.____20____.A.Itplaysakeyroleinachievingsuccessinlife.B.Theyarguethatitsimpactmaybeoverstated.C.Mostimportantly,gritistheonlyoneweshouldbepayingattentionto.D.Duckworthhopesthisresearchwillleadtoamorebalancedviewofsuccess.E.Nowphysicalabilityisconsideredtobemoreinfluentialthancognitiveability.F.Theresultshowedthatcognitiveabilitywasastrongpredictorofacademicachievement.G.Herpreviousresearchsuggestedthatgritwasabetterpredictorofsuccessthanotherfactors.【答案】16.A17.G18.B19.F20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“坚毅（grit）”这一非认知性特质展开，介绍了其定义、相关研究的发展，以及学界对它在成功要素中所占比重的探讨与争议。【16题详析】根据上文“Anewstudyhighlightstheimportanceofgrit,whichisdefinedasastrongpassionandpersistentdeterminationtowardlong-termgoals.(一项新研究强调了坚毅的重要性，坚毅被定义为对长期目标的强烈热忱和执着决心)”以及下文“Thestudyalsosuggeststhatothernoncognitive(非认知性的)featuresareimportant.(该研究还表明，其他非认知性特质也同样重要)”可知，此空需要承接前文，点明坚毅本身的重要作用。A选项“Itplaysakeyroleinachievingsuccessinlife.(它在人生取得成功的过程中扮演着关键角色)”中的“It”指代前文的“grit”，且呼应了首句的“theimportanceofgrit”，同时为下文的“其他非认知性特质也重要”做铺垫，符合语境。故选A项。【17题详析】根据上文“AngelaDuckworth,apsychologyprofessor,firstgainedwidespreadattentionin2013withherTEDTalkongrit.(心理学教授安吉拉·达克沃斯于2013年凭借一场关于坚毅的TED演讲首次获得广泛关注)”以及下文“Thisideagainedfurtherpopularitywiththe2016releaseofherbook(2016年，随着她的著作出版，这一观点进一步深入人心)”可知，此空需要说明达克沃斯演讲中提出的“观点”具体内容。G选项“Herpreviousresearchsuggestedthatgritwasabetterpredictorofsuccessthanotherfactors.(她此前的研究表明，相比其他因素，坚毅更能预测一个人能否成功)”中的“Herpreviousresearch”对应前文的TED演讲，“thisidea”指代的就是该选项中的观点，符合语境。故选G项。【18题详析】根据上文“However,someexpertshavequestionedthestressongrit.(然而，一些专家对过度强调坚毅的做法提出了质疑)”可知，此空需要进一步说明专家质疑的具体内容。B选项“Theyarguethatitsimpactmaybeoverstated.(他们认为坚毅的影响可能被夸大了)”中的“They”指代前文的“someexperts”，且“overstated”对应上文的“questionedthestressongrit”，精准阐述了专家的质疑点，符合语境。故选B项。【19题详析】根据下文“However,gritprovedmoreinfluentialthaneithercognitiveorphysicalabilitiesindeterminingwhetherthecadetswouldcompletethetraining.(然而，在判断学员能否完成训练时，坚毅的影响要大于认知能力和体能)”可知，此空需要先说明研究中认知能力的作用，与下文形成转折对比。F选项“Theresultshowedthatcognitiveabilitywasastrongpredictorofacademicachievement.(研究结果显示，认知能力是学业成绩的有力预测指标)”中的“Theresult”对应上文提到的达克沃斯团队的研究，且与下文的转折内容形成逻辑对照，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详析】根据上文“Duckworthandherco-author,MichaelD.Matthews,acknowledgethesignificanceofgrit.Theyalsorecognizethevalueofexploringothervariables.(达克沃斯及其合著者迈克尔·D·马修斯既承认坚毅的重要性，也认可探索其他变量的价值)”可知，此空需要说明达克沃斯等人的研究期望达成的目标。D选项“Duckworthhopesthisresearchwillleadtoamorebalancedviewofsuccess.(达克沃斯希望这项研究能让人们对成功有更全面平衡的认识)”中的“thisresearch”指代前文的研究，且“balancedview”对应上文“既承认坚毅，也认可其他变量”的态度，符合语境。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I’mavolunteerwithacommunityrelieforganization.Wearetaskedwith____21____thoseaffectedbydisasters,particularlyhomefires.OnaSundaynight,wewere____22____byaphonecallattwoo’clock,whichwassomewhatannoying.Acouple,whohad____23____everythingbecauseofafire,wereinneedofhelp.Without____24____,wegotintoourcarsandstartedatwo-hourdriveinthedark.Uponarrival,myprevious____25____gavewaytoconcernforthecouple'sdifficultsituation.Thescenewe____26____wasveryheartbreaking.Thecouple,bothintheirseventies,stoodinthemiddleoftheirburnedhome,theirfacesfullof____27____.Theytoldushowthefirehad____28____ruinedtheirhome.Theywereleftwithnothingbuttheclothestheywerewearing.Ourteam____29____immediately.Wesignedthemuponthespotandgavethemabankcardsothattheycould____30____thethingstheyneededmost.Thegratitudeintheireyeswas____31____astheythankedusagainandagain.Astheydroveofftowardanearbyhotel,awarmsenseof____32____filledme.Oursimpleefforthelpedthem____33____spendingacold,lonelynightintheircar.Itwasonlyasmallhelp,butitremindedmeofthepowerofkindnessandpeople____34____oneanother.Atthatmoment,Ifelttruly____35____abouttheworldandmyroleinit.21.A.gathering B.assisting C.counting D.reminding22.A.inspired B.delayed C.frightened D.awoken23.A.donated B.checked C.lost D.recorded24.A.hesitation B.warning C.effort D.permission25.A.regrets B.complaints C.experience D.pride26.A.imagined B.created C.recalled D.witnessed27.A.integrity B.hope C.sadness D.anger28.A.completely B.temporarily C.strangely D.secretly29.A.settleddown B.tookaction C.wentoff D.wonout30.A.share B.deliver C.identify D.cover31.A.special B.lasting C.obvious D.faint32.A.satisfaction B.justice C.belonging D.security33.A.risk B.tolerate C.avoid D.forget34.A.contacting B.admiring C.recognizing D.supporting35.A.hopeful B.particular C.curious D.careful【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.C28.A29.B30.D31.C32.A33.C34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者作为社区救援志愿者，深夜帮助火灾受灾老夫妇的经历与感悟。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一名社区救援组织的志愿者，我们的任务是帮助那些受灾害影响的人，尤其是房屋失火的受害者。A.gathering聚集；B.assisting帮助；C.counting数数；D.reminding提醒。根据前文“I'mavolunteerwithacommunityrelieforganization”可知，志愿者的任务是帮助受灾人群。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个周日的晚上，凌晨两点我们被一个电话吵醒，这有点烦人。A.inspired鼓舞；B.delayed推迟；C.frightened惊吓；D.awoken吵醒。根据后文“attwoo’clock”可知，凌晨两点的电话把他们从睡梦中吵醒。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一对夫妇因为火灾失去了所有东西，急需帮助。A.donated捐赠；B.checked检查；C.lost失去；D.recorded记录。根据后文“becauseofafire”以及“Theywereleftwithnothingbuttheclothestheywerewearing”可知，这对夫妇因火灾失去了一切。故选C项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们毫不犹豫地坐上汽车，在黑暗中行驶了两个小时。A.hesitation犹豫；B.warning警告；C.effort努力；D.permission允许。根据前文这对夫妇急需帮助的情况以及后文“wegotintoourcarsandstartedatwo-hourdrive”可知，志愿者们没有丝毫犹豫就出发了，“withouthesitation”为固定搭配。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达后，我之前的抱怨被对这对夫妇困境的担忧所取代。A.regrets后悔；B.complaints抱怨；C.experience经历；D.pride自豪。根据前文“whichwassomewhatannoying”可知，作者起初因凌晨被吵醒而心生抱怨，见到受灾夫妇后这种情绪就消失了。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们目睹的场景令人心碎。A.imagined想象；B.created创造；C.recalled回忆；D.witnessed目睹。根据前文“Uponarrival”可知，作者一行人到达现场后亲眼看到了火灾后的惨状。故选D项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对七十多岁的老夫妇站在被烧毁的房子中间，脸上写满了悲伤。A.integrity正直；B.hope希望；C.sadness悲伤；D.anger愤怒。根据前文“Thecouple,bothintheirseventies,stoodinthemiddleoftheirburnedhome”可知，房子被烧毁、夫妇失去一切的背景可知，他们的神情是悲伤的。故选C项。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们告诉我们大火是如何彻底毁掉他们的家的。A.completely彻底地；B.temporarily暂时地；C.strangely奇怪地；D.secretly秘密地。根据后文“Theywereleftwithnothingbuttheclothestheywerewearing”可知，大火把他们的家彻底烧毁了。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们团队立即采取了行动。A.settleddown定居；B.tookaction采取行动；C.wentoff离开；D.wonout胜出。根据后文“Wesignedthemuponthespotandgavethemabankcard”可知，志愿者们马上开始帮助这对夫妇。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们当场为他们办理了救助登记，并给了他们一张银行卡，这样他们就能支付最急需的物品开销。A.share分享；B.deliver投递；C.identify识别；D.cover支付。根据前文“gavethemabankcard”以及后文“thethingstheyneededmost”可知，银行卡是用来支付生活必需品开销的，“cover”有“支付费用”的含义。故选D项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们一遍又一遍地感谢我们，眼中的感激之情显而易见。A.special特别的；B.lasting持久的；C.obvious明显的；D.faint微弱的。根据后文“astheythankedusagainandagain”可知，夫妇二人的感激之情十分明显。故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们开车前往附近的酒店时，一种温暖的满足感涌上我的心头。A.satisfaction满足感；B.justice公平；C.belonging归属感；D.security安全感。根据前文作者帮助受灾夫妇的经历可知，助人之后内心会产生满足感。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们小小的努力帮助他们避免了在车里度过一个寒冷又孤独的夜晚。A.risk冒险；B.tolerate忍受；C.avoid避免；D.forget忘记。根据前文“Astheydroveofftowardanearbyhotel,”志愿者给夫妇提供帮助、他们前往酒店的内容可知，夫妇不用再在车里过夜了。故选C项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然只是小小的帮助，但这让我想起了善良的力量以及人与人之间互相扶持的意义。A.contacting联系；B.admiring钦佩；C.recognizing认出；D.supporting支持、扶持。根据前文“butitremindedmeofthepowerofkindness”志愿者帮助受灾夫妇的行为可知，这体现了人与人之间互相扶持的精神。故选D项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我真切地对这个世界以及自己在其中扮演的角色充满了希望。A.hopeful充满希望的；B.particular挑剔的；C.curious好奇的；D.careful小心的。根据前文“itremindedmeofthepowerofkindness”可知，这次助人经历让作者对世界和自身价值充满希望。故选A项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。MyjourneyasanoverseasstudentinChinahasprofoundlyshapedwhoIamtoday.Chinaisagloballeaderininnovation,advancededucationandtechnology.Theuniversity____36____IamstudyingisShanghaiLixinUniversityofAccountingandFinance.Itsname“Lixin”showstheuniversityputs____37____(emphasize)onintegrity,acorevalueinChineseculture.Oneofthemost____38____(memory)aspectsofmyjourneyhereisthewarmthandhospitality(好客)oftheChinesepeople,whoarealwaysready____39____(step)inandsharetheirculture.Fr