湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’refromothercountriesandmentionAustralia,peoplearoundyouwillprobablythinkofthebeach.WeAustralianshavemadeadorationofthebeachanationalsport.Tomakethemostofyournextcoastalcampingjourney,takenoteofthesetips.KnowyourH₂OWateriseverywhere,butnotadroptodrink.Eventhoughyou’resurroundedbywater,you’llneedtopackapropersupplyofH₂Oofyourown.Seawatercan’tbeconsumed.Yourbodywillbelosingwaterfromthewindandthesun,letalonethedehydration(脱水)thatwilloccurifyou’rebeatingyourmatesatbeachvolleyballorinvolvedinafter-darkdrinkingactivitiesofthenon-H₂Ovariety.Thetrickhereistoobserveyoururine(小便).Ifit’sclearyou’redoingOK.Ifit’syellowyou’redehydrated.Youneedtoreachforyourbottle.Ifit’sorangeorbrown,stopwhatyou’redoinganddrinkabottleofwater.BeawareofprivatelandTherearenoprivatelyownedbeachesinAustralia:beachesarepublicplacesforalltoenjoy.Butabovethehightideline(涨潮线)isanothermatter.Someoneownstheland,whichmeanstherearelawsthatstatehowweaccessthelandandwhatwedowhenwegetthere.Inmanyplaces,it’snotlegaltocampdirectlythere.Makesureyouknowwhat’spermittedandwhatisn’tatyourchosenseasidedestination,andalwaysrespectprivateland.StayfiresafeInAustralia,summer’sfavoritebedfellowisfire.Statelawsandlocalgovernmentsallhavedifferentrulesyou’llneedtoconsider,nottomentionthevariousfireservices.Alwayscheckfortotalfirebans,andalwaysrespectthemtotheletter.Ingeneral,firesarenotpermittedonbeacheswithinnationalparks,soit’sbesttolookforsignsandcheckwiththelocaloffice.Ifitislegal,rememberthatafirecansmolder(闷燃)undersandforalongtimeandpotentiallyinjurethenextvisitors.Putitoutwithwater,notsand.Indeed,thisisgoodpracticeatanycampsite,notjustthebeach.1.Whatshouldyoudowhenyoururineisyellow?A.Liedownanddonothing. B.Haveanon-H₂Odrink.C.Dosomeexercise. D.Drinksomewater.2.Whatshouldyoukeepinmindwhenyou’reabovethehightideline?A.Therearelotsofprivatebeaches. B.There’snoaccesstothebeaches.C.Thelandmaynotbeopentothepublic. D.Thecampsitesarenotnecessarilysatisfactory.3.Whatcanbelearnedaboutfiresonbeachesinnationalparks?A.Theyareallowedonlyinsummer. B.Theyarepermittedonrareoccasions.C.Theyareeasilyputoutwithsand. D.Theyareoftenlefttosmolder.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍澳大利亚海滨露营的三点实用建议。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据KnowyourH₂O部分中“Ifit’syellowyou’redehydrated.Youneedtoreachforyourbottle.(如果尿液呈黄色，说明你脱水了。你需要拿起你的水瓶)”可知，尿液变黄时应喝水。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Beawareofprivateland部分中“Butabovethehightideline(涨潮线)isanothermatter.Someoneownstheland,whichmeanstherearelawsthatstatehowweaccessthelandandwhatwedowhenwegetthere.Inmanyplaces,it’snotlegaltocampdirectlythere.(但涨潮线以上的区域就另当别论了。那里的土地归私人所有，这意味着有相关法律规定了我们如何进入该区域，以及进入后可以从事哪些活动。在很多地方，直接在那里露营是不合法的)”可知，涨潮线以上的土地归私人所有，不对外开放。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据Stayfiresafe部分中“Ingeneral,firesarenotpermittedonbeacheswithinnationalparks,soit’sbesttolookforsignsandcheckwiththelocaloffice.Ifitislegal,rememberthatafirecansmolder(闷燃)undersandforalongtimeandpotentiallyinjurethenextvisitors.(一般来说，国家公园内的海滩不允许生火，因此最好留意标识并向当地管理部门咨询。若生火是合法的，需记住火在沙子下可能会闷燃很长时间，并有可能伤害到后续的游客)”可知，国家公园海滩生火只在极少数情况下被允许。故选B。B“Everybodyisagenius.Butifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid.”—AlbertEinsteinIfyouhaveakidwithspecialneedsintheschoolsystem,you’relikelytohavecomeacrossthatsayinghangingonaclassroomwall.Myfive-year-olddaughterSyonahascerebralpalsy(脑瘫)anditmeans,combinedwithhercommunicationandsightproblems,thatnormalstandardisn’talwaysanaccuratemeasureofherabilities.BynowyouhaveprobablyheardaboutChrisUlmer,the26-yearoldteacherinJacksonville,Florida,whostartshisspecialeducationclassbycallingupeachstudenttogivethemmuchadmirationandahigh-five.Icouldn’thelpbutberemindedofSyona’steacherandhowshesupportseachkidinaverysimilarway.Ulmerrecentlysharedavideoofhisteachingexperience.“Ihaveseentheirconfidenceincreaserapidly.”hesaid.AllIcouldthinkwas:howluckythesestudentsaretohavesuchgoodteachers.Syona’steacherhasanattitudethatcanbestbesummarizedinoneword:wonderful.Herteacherdoesn’tfocusonwhatcan’tbedone—shefocusesonwhatcanbedone.Overthepastseveralmonths,myhusbandDilipandIhaveseenSyona’sconfidenceincreasegreatly.Sheuseswordsshewouldn’thavethoughtofusingbefore.SherecentlytoldmeaboutherclassmatestriptoEcuadorandwasveryproudwhenIunderstoodheronthefirsttry.IactuallywonderwhattheinfluencewouldbeifwedidsomethingsimilartowhatUlmerdoeswithhisstudentsinourhome.We’verecentlystartedourdaybyremindingeachotherofthegoodqualitiesweallhave.Ifweareremindedofourstrengthsonaregularbasis,wewillbecomeincreasinglyconfidentaboutprogressandsuccess.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph.2referto?A.ThecerebralpalsywithSynona. B.Thesayingontheclassroomwall.C.Thestandardforkidswithspecialneeds. D.TheaccuratemeasureofSynonaabilities.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutSynona’steacher?A.SheisSynona’sfavoriteteacher. B.SheputsEinstein’squoteonthewallC.Shehelpsincreaseherstudents’confidence. D.Sheusesvideostoteachherstudents.6.Whatchangehastakenplaceintheauthor’sfamily?A.They’veinvitedUlmer’sstudentstotheirhome. B.Theygiveeachotherpraiseeveryday.C.TheyvisitUlmer’sclassroomregularly. D.Theyfeelthankfultopeopleintheirlives.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsChrisUlmar’swayofteaching?A.Opposed B.Supportive C.Indifferent D.Negative【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章由爱因斯坦名言引出对特殊儿童教育的思考，提及ChrisUlmer和作者女儿老师通过鼓励提升学生自信，作者受启发在家中也采用类似方式。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“Myfive-year-olddaughterSyonahascerebralpalsy(脑瘫)anditmeans,combinedwithhercommunicationandsightproblems,thatnormalstandardisn'talwaysanaccuratemeasureofherabilities.(我五岁的女儿Syona患有脑瘫，这意味着，再加上她的沟通和视力问题，正常的标准并不总是准确衡量她的能力。)”可知，“it”指代前面提到的“Syonahascerebralpalsy(脑瘫)”这件事，即Syona患脑瘫这件事意味着结合她的沟通和视力问题，正常标准并不总是能准确衡量她的能力。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ulmerrecentlysharedavideoofhisteachingexperience.“Ihaveseentheirconfidenceincreaserapidly.”hesaid.AllIcouldthinkwas:howluckythesestudentsaretohavesuchgoodteachers.(Ulmer最近分享了一段他教学经历的视频。他说：“我看到他们的信心迅速增强。”我所能想到的就是：这些学生有这么好的老师是多么幸运啊！)”以及第四段中“Syona’steacherhasanattitudethatcanbestbesummarizedinoneword:wonderful.Herteacherdoesn’tfocusonwhatcan’tbedone—shefocusesonwhatcanbedone.Overthepastseveralmonths,myhusbandDilipandIhaveseenSyona’sconfidenceincreasegreatly.(Syona老师的态度可以用一个词来概括：美妙。她的老师关注的不是什么不能做，而是什么可以做。在过去的几个月里，我的丈夫迪利普和我看到Syona的信心大大增强。)”由此可知，Syona的老师像Ulmer一样，帮助提高了学生的自信心。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“We’verecentlystartedourdaybyremindingeachotherofthegoodqualitiesweallhave.(最近，我们以提醒对方我们都拥有的优秀品质开始了新的一天。)”可知，作者一家最近开始每天互相提醒彼此所拥有的优点，也就是每天互相赞美。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“AllIcouldthinkwas:howluckythesestudentsaretohavesuchgoodteachers.(我所能想到的就是：这些学生有这么好的老师是多么幸运啊！)”以及作者受Ulmer教学方式的启发，在自己家里也开始采取类似的鼓励方式。由此可以看出作者对ChrisUlmer的教学方式是支持的（Supportive）。故选B项。CRockclimbingmightseemextremelydangerous,butmostclimbersknowwhatthey’redoing.Overtheyears,climbersknowwhatthey’redoing.Overtheyears,climbershavedevelopedknowledgeandtechniquesthatallowthemtoconquerrockssafely.Therearedifferentkindsofrockclimbingandit’smainlybasedontheequipmentused.Thetwomaincategoriesareaidclimbingandfreeclimbing.Aidclimbingusesequipment,suchasscrewsinsertedintorockstohelpclimberspullthemselvestothetop.Infreeclimbing,mostclimbersuseequipmentonlytoprotectthemselvesfromfalling:theydon’tuseanytooltohelpthemclimbuptherock.Infreeclimbing,it’sallaboutskill,strengthandknowledge.Youmightthinkthatmusclesarethemostimportantfactorsinthisextremesport.Notso,saysJeremyNoris,arockclimberinUS.“Youcan’tmuscleyourwaythroughclimbingnomatterhowhardyoutry”,hesays.Moreimportantfactorsarebalance,coordination,andtheabilitytomakeyourbodytense,whichhelpsclimberspullthemselvesup.Norinalsosaysthatlower-bodystrengthinactuallymoreimportantthanupper-bodystrength.OneofthebestclimbersNorinknowscanonlydosevenpull-ups,buthehasnoproblemsclimbingupsomeofthemostruggedrockfacesaround.Althoughsomeclimbershavemasteredthesport,beginnersarewelcome.Startwithbouldering,akindofclimbingwithoutaropethattakeplaceonarockthreetofivemeterstall,sothatfallingwon’tresultinseriousinjury.Believeme-itwon’tseemthatlowwhenyouarelookingdownfromthetop.8.Themaindifferencebetweenaidclimbingandfreeclimbingliesin____.A.thefunctionoftheequipment B.thewayclimberskeepbalanceC.therocksclimberschoosetoconquer D.thestrengthclimbersuse9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheclimbing?A.Screwsarerequiredsoclimberscanpullthemselvesup.B.Skill,strengthandknowledgeplayagreatroleinit.C.Climbersarenotallowedtouseanykindoftools.D.Therulesarenotsostrictasthoseofaidclimbing.10.WhatcanwelearnfromtheexampleoftheclimberNorinknows(inpara.2)？A.Conqueringrockshasnothingtodowithstrength.B.Musclesarethemostimportantfactorsinrockclimbing.C.Themorepull-upsaclimberdoes,thetenserhisbodywillbe.D.Upper-bodystrengthisnotasimportantaslower-bodystrength.11.Thewritersuggeststhatthebeginnersshould_____.A.firsttakeabasiclevercourseB.overcomethefearofheightC.climberwithoutaropetoalowerheightD.learntoprotectthemselvesfrominjury【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了攀岩这项运动，包括攀岩的种类、技巧以及初学者应该如何开始。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Aidclimbingusesequipment,suchasscrewsinsertedintorockstohelpclimberspullthemselvestothetop.Infreeclimbing,mostclimbersuseequipmentonlytoprotectthemselvesfromfalling:theydon’tuseanytooltohelpthemclimbuptherock.(辅助攀岩使用设备，如插入岩石的螺钉来帮助攀岩者将自己拉到顶部。在自由攀登中，大多数攀岩者仅使用设备来保护自己不坠落：他们不使用任何工具来帮助他们爬上岩石)”可知，辅助攀登使用设备，如插入岩石的螺钉，帮助攀登者将自己拉到顶部。在自由攀登中，大多数攀登者只使用设备来保护自己不掉落：他们不使用任何工具来帮助他们爬上岩石。因此，辅助攀登和自由攀登的主要区别在于设备的功能，故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Infreeclimbing,it’sallaboutskill,strengthandknowledge(在自由攀岩中，关键在于技能、力量和知识).”可知，在自由攀登中，一切都关乎技能、力量和知识。因此，技能、力量和知识在攀岩中起着重要作用，故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Norinalsosaysthatlower-bodystrengthinactuallymoreimportantthanupper-bodystrength.OneofthebestclimbersNorinknowscanonlydosevenpull-ups,buthehasnoproblemsclimbingupsomeofthemostruggedrockfacesaround.(诺林还表示，下半身的力量实际上比上半身的力量更重要。诺林认识的最出色的攀岩者之一只能做七个引体向上，但他在攀爬一些最崎岖的岩面时却毫无问题)”可知，Norin还说，下半身的力量实际上比上半身的力量更重要。Norin认识的一位最好的攀登者只能做七次引体向上，但他爬一些最崎岖的岩石面没有问题。因此，我们可以推断出上半身的力量不如下半身的力量重要，故选D项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Startwithbouldering,akindofclimbingwithoutaropethattakeplaceonarockthreetofivemeterstall,sothatfallingwon’tresultinseriousinjury.(从抱石开始，这是一种不需要绳子的攀岩活动，发生在三到五米高的岩石上，这样即使摔下来也不会造成严重伤害)”可知，作者建议初学者从抱石开始，这是一种在没有绳索的情况下进行的攀岩，发生在三到五米高的岩石上，这样跌落就不会导致严重伤害。因此，作者建议初学者在没有绳索的情况下攀登较低的高度，故选C项。DForgenerations,thestandardwaytolearnhowtorideabicyclewaswithtrainingwheels.Butinrecentyears,manyparentsprefertotraintheirkidswithbalancebikes,two-wheelersthatenablechildrentodevelopthecompetenceneededforbicycling.Giventhebenefitsofbalancebikes,whydidittakesolongforthemtoreplacetrainingwheels?Thereareplentyofotherexamplesinwhichignoredsolutionsthatinvolvesubtraction(减法)turnouttobebetteralternatives.InsomeEuropeancities,forexample,urbanplannershavegottenridoftrafficlightsandroadsignstomakestreetssafer.LeidyKlotz,anengineerattheUniversityofVirginia,noticedthatreformativedesigns,inwhichelementsareremovedfromanexistingmodel,wereuncommon.SohereachedouttoAdams,asocialpsychologist,totrytofigureoutwhythiswasthecase.Thetworesearchershypothesized(假设)thattheremightbeanexplanation:whenfacedwithaproblem,peopletendtoselectsolutionsthatinvolveaddingnewelementsratherthantakingexistingcomponentsaway.Adams,Klotzandtheircolleaguessetouttotestiftheirhypothesiswascorrect.Theresearchersfirstcarriedoutasetofstudies.Inone,theyasked91participantstomakeapatternsymmetrical(对称的)byeitheraddingorremovingcoloredboxes.Only18peopleusedsubtraction.Inanother,theteamscannedthroughideasforimprovementsubmittedtoanincominguniversitypresidentandfoundthatonly11percentof651projectplansinvolvedgettingridofanexistingregulation,practiceorprogram.Thesefindingssuggestthat“additivesolutionshavesortofapriority”,saysBenjaminConverse,aco-authorofthestudy.“Subtractivesolutionsarenotnecessarilyhardertoconsider,buttheytakemoreefforttofind.”Fornowtheteamhopesthatthesefindingswillencouragepeopleacrossvariousfieldstothinkaboutsubtractiveoptionsthatmightbetypicallyignored.“Thehopeisthat,justbygettingpeopletothinkaboutthismore,maybeitwillhelpinspiresomeotherignoredsubtractions,”Conversesays.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Balancebikesarenotgoodfortrainingkids.B.Peopleusedtolearntoridebikeseffortlessly.C.Takingawaytrafficlightsshouldmakebettertrafficflow.D.SomeEuropeancitiesignoretheirgovernance.13.HowdidKlotzandAdamssupporttheirfindings?A.Bydrawingpatterns. B.Bycomparingtheirstatistics.C.Byanalysingmotivations. D.Bypredictingtrends.14.WhatdoesConversesayaboutsubtractivesolutions?A.Theyaresuperiortoadditivesolutions. B.Theyareoftenharmfulforcreativity.C.Theyarealwaysoverlookedbyourbrain. D.Theyareoftenpreferredbyconservatives.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewWayofManagement B.ATrendofAvoidingRegulationsC.ANewConceptofProblem-solving D.AStudyonProblem-solvingMethods【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于问题解决方法的研究。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Butinrecentyears,manyparentsprefertotraintheirkidswithbalancebikes,two-wheelersthatenablechildrentodevelopthecompetenceneededforbicycling.（但近年来，许多父母更喜欢用平衡自行车来训练孩子，这是一种两轮自行车，可以让孩子培养骑自行车所需的能力。）”以及第二段最后两句“Thereareplentyofotherexamplesinwhichignoredsolutionsthatinvolvesubtractionturnouttobebetteralternatives.InsomeEuropeancities,forexample,urbanplannershavegottenridoftrafficlightsandroadsignstomakestreetssafer.（还有很多其他的例子，其中涉及减法的被忽略的解决方案被证明是更好的选择。例如，在一些欧洲城市，城市规划者已经取消了交通信号灯和路标，以使街道更安全。）”可知，我们从前两段中能学到，前两段通过用平衡车取代自行车训练孩子的方式来证明“做减法”的解决方案是更好的选择，同样取消红绿灯应该可以改善交通流量。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段内容“Inone,theyasked91participantstomakeapatternsymmetricalbyeitheraddingorremovingcoloredboxes.Only18peopleusedsubtraction.Inanother,theteamscannedthroughideasforimprovementsubmittedtoanincominguniversitypresidentandfoundthatonly11percentof651projectplansinvolvedgettingridofanexistingregulation,practiceorprogram.（在其中一个实验中，他们要求91名参与者通过添加或删除彩色盒子来制作对称的图案。只有18个人使用减法。在另一项研究中，研究小组对提交给即将上任的大学校长的改进意见进行了扫描，发现651个项目计划中只有11%涉及废除现有的规章制度、惯例或项目。）”可知，KlotzandAdams通过两组实验的数据进行对比来支持他们的发现。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段内容“Thesefindingssuggestthat“additivesolutionshavesortofapriority”,saysBenjaminConverse,aco-authorofthestudy.“Subtractivesolutionsarenotnecessarilyhardertoconsider,buttheytakemoreefforttofind.”（该研究的合著者本杰明·康弗斯(BenjaminConverse)说，这些发现表明“附加解决方案具有某种优先级”。“减法解决方案不一定更难考虑，但需要付出更多努力才能找到。”）”可知，Converse觉得做减法的方法并不一定很难想到，但是要付出更多的努力去寻找它们，可推知，Converse觉得做减法的方法总是被我们的大脑忽略。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段最后一句“Thetworesearchershypothesizedthattheremightbeanexplanation:whenfacedwithaproblem,peopletendtoselectsolutionsthatinvolveaddingnewelementsratherthantakingexistingcomponentsaway.（这两位研究人员假设:当人们面对一个问题时，他们倾向于选择加入新元素的解决方案，而不是删除现有的元素。）”根据最后一段“Fornowtheteamhopesthatthesefindingswillencouragepeopleacrossvariousfieldstothinkaboutsubtractiveoptionsthatmightbetypicallyignored.”（目前，该团队希望这些发现能够鼓励不同领域的人们去思考那些通常被忽视的减法选项。）以及结合全文内容可知，文章介绍了研究人员对于人们在问题解决方法上的研究。D项是本文的最佳标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Capturespiritofyouth“Youthisliketheearlyspring，likethemorningsun，likethebuddingflowers，likethesharpbladefreshoffthegrindingstone.Youthisthemostvaluabletimeoflife."ChenDuxiu,oneofthefoundersoftheCommunistPartyofChina，oncewrotetheSpiritofYouth.___16___Duringthistime，habitsandintereststhatwillcontinuefortherestofyourlifeareformedanddeveloped--soit'simportanttogetofftoagoodstart.Butwhatisthespiritofyouth？It'satimetobegintheprocessofself-relianceandself-motivation.Sure,youmighthaveparentsandfriendstohelpyou.___17___Itbuildsyourcharacterandmakesyouindependent,anecessitytogetthroughthechallengesoflife.Noonecanforceyoutogetgoodgradesorgettheperfectjob-thoseresponsibilitiesareyoursandyoursalone.Onlyyoucanbetheauthorofyourownlife.Whentimesgettough，pleasebepersevering.Trainyourselftobestrong.Tellyourselfthatyoucansummon（召唤）thewilltoovercomewhateverobstaclescomeyourway.Anythingworthdoingisn'teasy.___18___Intheend,conqueringadifficulttaskisalwaysworthit，andyoucanthankperseveranceforguidingyouthere.Workhard.There'snothingbetterthanrelaxingattheendofalongday，knowingthatyoudidallyoucoulddoforyourself,yourfamilyandfriends，andyourcommunity.Beapersonthatothersadmire.Dotheworkthatotherswon'tandnevercomplain.Theprocessofworkinghardwillteachyouvaluablelessonsalongtheway；mostimportantly,itwillteachyouthatfailureisinevitable（不可避免的）butisn'tsomethingyoushouldeverallowtoholdyouback.___19___Followingtheseprincipleswillsurelybringsuccessinschool,workandlifeingeneral.Listentothespiritofyouthinsideyouandfollowyourinstincts.___20___A.Youthisastateofmind.B.Changeyourstrategyandtryagain.C.It'sbesttolearnthatlessonearly.D.Beself-reliant，perseverethroughhardtimesandalwaysworkhardtoachieveyourdreams.E.Dealingwithobstaclesisnotthateasy.F.Youthisarelativelybriefperiodinaman'slife.G.Butultimately，youmustrelyonyourself.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.B20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是青年如初春，如朝日，如百卉之萌动，如利刃之新发于硎，人生之最好年华也。青春的风貌是让自己自主，坚韧，努力付出，这样我们才能实现自己的梦想。【16题详析】空格后说“Duringthistime，habitsandintereststhatwillcontinuefortherestofyourlifeareformedanddeveloped--soit'simportanttogetofftoagoodstart”（在这段时间里，习惯和兴趣会持续你的余生——所以有一个好的开始是很重要的），F项中的“arelativelybriefperiod”和后文“Duringthistime”前后呼应，因此F项符合语境，故选F。【17题详析】空格前说“It'satimetobegintheprocessofself-relianceandself-motivation”（这是开始自力更生和自我激励的时候），空格后说“Itbuildsyourcharacterandmakesyouindependent”（它塑造了你的性格，让你变得独立），G选项Butultimately,youmustrelyonyourself（但最终，你必须依靠自己）中的“relyonyourself”与前面的“self-reliance”和后面的“independent”相一致，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。【18题详析】空格前说“Whentimesgettough，pleasebepersevering.Trainyourselftobestrong.Tellyourselfthatyoucansummon（召唤）thewilltoovercomewhateverobstaclescomeyourway.Anythingworthdoingisn'teasy”（当形势艰难时，请坚持下去。训练自己变得强壮。告诉自己，无论遇到什么困难，你都能鼓起勇气克服。任何值得做的事都不容易）可知，C项It'sbesttolearnthatlessonearly（最好早点吸取教训）中的thatlesson就指代前面描述的教训，因此C选项切合题意，故选C。【19题详析】根据前文“mostimportantly，itwillteachyouthatfailureisinevitable（不可避免的）butisn'tsomethingyoushouldeverallowtoholdyouback.”（最重要的是，它会教会你失败是不可避免的，但你不应该让失败阻碍你）可知，失败在所难免，但是不要让失败阻碍你。所以你需要改变你的策略，再试一次，因此B选项Changeyourstrategyandtryagain（改变策略，再试一次）符合语境，故选B。【20题详析】空格前说“Followingtheseprincipleswillsurelybringsuccessinschool，workandlifeingeneral.Listentothespiritofyouthinsideyouandfollowyourinstincts”（遵循这些原则肯定会在学校、工作和生活中取得成功。倾听你内心的青春，跟随你的直觉），因此本段是对整篇文章所提到的建议的总结，D选项Beself-reliant，perseverethroughhardtimesandalwaysworkhardtoachieveyourdreams（自力更生，在困难时期坚持不懈，总是努力实现你的梦想）中的self-reliant照应第三段的“self-reliance”，perseverethroughhardtimes照应第四段的“perseverethroughhardtimes”，workhard照应第五段的“workhard”，因此D选项符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhenIwasachild,therewasnothingIlovedmorethanpainting.Itwasmy____21____ofjoy.Icouldspendhoursbeinglostinmy____22____,bringingtolifetheimagesinmymind.However,aftergraduatingfromcollege,the____23____ofworktookhold.Thehobbythatfilledmychildhoodwithhappiness____24____fadedaway(逐渐消失).OnesunnydayIfoundmyself____25____inanearbypark.I.____26____agroupofchildrensittingtogether,theireyes.____27____wonderandtheirhandscoveredinpaint.Theywerelaughingdescribingtheirdreamson____28____,andatthatmoment,Iwastransportedbacktomyownchildhood.____29____thosekids,IrealizedthatIhadlostsomethingprecious(宝贵的)alongtheway.Itwastimetoreconnectwiththe____30____within,torediscovertheworldofcoloursandimagination.Despitethe____31____life,Idecidedtopickupmybrushesand____32____totheworldofart.Paintinghasbecomeawayto____33____thebeautifulmomentsofmylife,whetheritisagoldensunset,abeautifulflower,oralazyafternoon.Ipaintnottobecomeafamousartist,butto____34____thejoyofmychildhood,to____35____thesimplepleasuresoflife,andtoholdontothemagicalworldofimagination.21.A.price B.source C.flash D.result22.A.imagination B.homework C.fear D.confusion23.A.excitement B.power C.pressure D.expectation24.A.gradually B.probably C.wildly D.hopefully25.A.chatting B.sweating C.cheating D.walking26.A.taught B.noticed C.recognized D.remembered27.A.waitingfor B.beggingfor C.filledwith D.alarmedwith28.A.paper B.wood C.books D.novels29.A.Watching B.Holding C.Helping D.Checking30.A.architect B.soldier C.adult D.artist31.A.free B.quiet C.busy D.boring32.A.agree B.adapt C.refer D.return33.A.plan B.record C.face D.recover34.A.reduce B.balance C.relive D.destroy35.A.trap B.appreciate C.expect D.hide【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.A30.D31.C32.D33.B34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者小时候喜欢绘画，工作以后逐渐不再绘画了，当某天作者在公园里看到孩子快乐绘画后，开始再次拿起画笔，记录生活的美好时刻。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我快乐的源泉。A.price价格；B.source来源；C.flash闪光；D.result结果。根据上文“WhenIwasachild,therewasnothingIlovedmorethanpainting.(当我还是个孩子的时候，没有什么比画画更让我喜欢的了)”可知，绘画是作者的快乐源泉。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以花几个小时沉浸在我的想象中，把我脑海中的画面带到生活中。A.imagination想象力；B.homework家庭作业；C.fear恐惧；D.confusion困惑。根据后文“bringingtolifetheimagesinmymind”可知，沉浸在想象中。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，大学毕业后，工作的压力占据了上风。A.excitement激动；B.power力量；C.pressure压力；D.expectation期待。根据上文“aftergraduatingfromcollege”以及后文爱好消失，可知大学毕业后，作者开始工作，工作的压力占据了上风。故选C。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个使我童年充满快乐的爱好渐渐消失了。A.gradually逐渐地；B.probably可能；C.wildly野生地；D.hopefully有希望地。根据后文“fadedaway”可知，作者喜欢画画的爱好渐渐消失了。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个阳光明媚的日子，不知不觉中我在附近的公园散步。A.chatting聊天；B.sweating流汗；C.cheating欺骗；D.walking散步。根据后文“inanearbypark”和下文看到的孩子们的活动可推断，作者在公园里散步。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到一群孩子坐在一起，他们的眼睛里充满了好奇，手上沾满了颜料。A.taught教；B.noticed注意到；C.recognized认出；D.remembered记得。根据后文“atthatmoment,Iwastransportedbacktomyownchildhood”可知，作者注意到了一群孩子坐在一起画画，故选B。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我注意到一群孩子坐在一起，他们的眼睛里充满了好奇，手上沾满了颜料。A.waitingfor等待；B.beggingfor恳求；C.filledwith充满；D.alarmedwith警报。根据后文“wonder”和“Theywerelaughingdescribingtheirdreams”可知，孩子的眼睛里充满好奇，故选C。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们笑着在纸上描述自己的梦想，那一刻，我仿佛回到了自己的童年。A.paper纸张；B.wood木材；C.books书籍；D.novels小说。根据上文“theirhandscoveredinpaint.”可知孩子在绘画，即在纸上描述自己的梦想，故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着这些孩子，我意识到我一路上失去了一些宝贵的东西。A.Watching看；B.Holding拿着；C.Helping帮助；D.Checking检查。上文“Theywerelaughingdescribingtheirdreamson”描述了作者的所见，即看着这些孩子，故选A。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：是时候重新与内心的艺术家联系起来，重新发现色彩和想象力的世界。A.architect建筑师；B.soldier士兵；C.adult成年人；D.artist艺术家。根据后文“

Idecidedtopickupmybrushes

”可知，作者想要重新开始画画，因此推断是与内心的艺术家联系起来，重新发现色彩和想象力的世界。故选D。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管生活忙碌，我还是决定拿起画笔，回到艺术的世界。A.free自由的；B.quiet安静的；C.busy忙碌的；D.boring无聊的。呼应上文“ofworktookhold”指工作生活忙碌。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管生活忙碌，我还是决定拿起画笔，回到艺术的世界。A.agree同意；B.adapt适应；C.refer参考；D.return返回。根据上文“Idecidedtopickupmybrushesand”可知，作者决定拿起画笔，回到艺术的世界。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：绘画已经成为一种记录我生活中美丽时刻的方式，无论是金色的日落，美丽的花朵，还是慵懒的下午。A.plan计划；B.record记录；C.face面对；D.recover恢复。根据后文“whetheritisagoldensunset,abeautifulflower,oralazyafternoon”可知，绘画成了作者记录生活的方式，故选B。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我画画不是为了成为一个著名的艺术家，而是为了重温童年的快乐，欣赏生活中简单的乐趣，并抓住想象的神奇世界。A.reduce减少；B.balance平衡；C.relive再体验，复活；D.destroy破坏。根据后文“thejoyofmychildhood”可知，作者画画不是为了成为一个著名的艺术家，而是为了重温童年的快乐，故选C。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我画画不是为了成为一个著名的艺术家，而是为了重温童年的快乐，欣赏生活中简单的乐趣，并抓住想象的神奇世界。A.trap困住；B.appreciate欣赏；C.expect期待；D.hide隐藏。根据后文“thesimplepleasuresoflife”可知，绘画可以让作者欣赏生活中简单的乐趣，故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）★在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。36.Aseriesofhands-onclassesaredesignedforstudents____________(acquire)thenecessarylifeskills.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】toacquire【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一系列实践课程旨在让学生掌握必要的生活技能。bedesignedtodo...意为“旨在……”，用不定式形式。故填toacquire。37.Thelittlechildwastremblingwhen________(spot)inthecornerbythefirefighter.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】spotted【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当消防队员发现那个小孩在角落里时，他正在发抖。此处为状语从句的省略，原句为：whenthelittlechildwasspotted,省略了主语和be动词。故填spotted。38.Itissaidthathenarrowlyescaped__________(kill)inthetrafficaccidenttheotherday.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】beingkilled【详析】考查动名词的被动式。句意：据说他在前几天的那场交通事故中勉强死里逃生。escapedoingsth逃脱做某事，动词kill和主语he之间是被动关系，故此处用动名词的被动式。故填beingkilled。39.Thesepeople,themajorityof________arefarmers,disagreedwiththeplan.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whom【详析】考查定语从句。句意：这些人大多数是农民，他们不同意这个计划。“themajorityof_____arefarmers”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是Thesepeople，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。40.Shehasalwaysbeenencouragedtoswimtobuildupthe_________(strong)ofhermu