辽宁省大连市西岗区某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省大连市西岗区某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGlobalLeadersSummerCampforHighSchoolStudentsTheGlobalLeadersSummerCampforHighSchoolStudentsisanexcitingandtransformativefour-weeksummerprogramdesignedbyACUtonurture(培养)thenextgenerationofgloballeaders.ApplicationforSummer2026:2026SessionI:June10—July5,20262026SessionII:July8—August2,20262026SessionIII:August5—August30,2026WhoCanParticipate?TheGlobalLeadersSummerCampisspecificallycraftedforhighschoolstudentswhodemonstrateexceptionalleadershippotential,apassionforglobalissues,andadesiretomakeapositiveimpactintheircommunities.AgeRequirements:Beatleast15yearsoldbyJune9,2026,andnotturn19yearsoldbeforeAugust29,2026.KeyDeadlines:EarlyBirdApplication&ScholarshipPriority:November30,2025.Submityourapplicationbythisdatetoreceivepriorityconsiderationforscholarshipsandearlyacceptance.RegularApplicationDeadline:February15,2026.Forapplicantswhoneedadditionaltime,thisdeadlineensuresyourapplicationisfullyreviewed.LateApplication&Waitlist:April30,2026.Lateapplicationswillbeconsideredonaspace-availablebasisandmayhavelimitedscholarshipoptions.ProgrammeHighlights:LeadershipWorkshops:Developessentialleadershipskillsthroughinteractiveworkshopsledbyexperiencedmentors.GlobalIssuesSeminars:Engageinthought-provokingdiscussionsonpressingglobalchallengesandpotentialsolutions.CulturalExchange:Immerseyourselfinamulticulturalenvironment,fosteringcross-culturalunderstandingandfriendship.1.Whatisthepurposeoftheprogram?A.Tosolvecriticalglobalissues. B.Tohighlighttheroleofleaders.C.Toadvocatereal-worldprojects. D.Tobringupfuturegloballeaders.2.AnapplicantmissingtheRegularApplicationDeadlinewill

_________.A.facelimitedaccessibility B.receiveequalscholarshipC.waitforthenextsession D.witnessnochancetojoin3.Whereisthistextmostlikelytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Auniversitywebsite. C.Anacademicpaper. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是高中生全球领袖夏令营的相关信息。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“TheGlobalLeadersSummerCampforHighSchoolStudentsisanexcitingandtransformativefour-weeksummerprogramdesignedbyACUtonurture(培养)thenextgenerationofgloballeaders.(高中生全球领袖夏令营是一项由ACU精心设计的、激动人心且具有变革意义的为期四周的暑期项目，旨在培养下一代全球领导者。)”可知，这个项目的目的是培养未来的全球领袖。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据KeyDeadlines部分“Lateapplicationswillbeconsideredonaspace-availablebasisandmayhavelimitedscholarshipoptions.(逾期申请将视名额情况予以考虑，且可能奖学金选择有限。)”可知，错过常规申请截止日期的申请者将面临申请受限。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是标题“GlobalLeadersSummerCampforHighSchoolStudents(高中生全球领袖夏令营)”可知，本文是一篇高中生全球领袖夏令营的招生通知，包含项目介绍、申请时间、招生对象、项目亮点等内容，这类信息通常会发布在大学官网。故选B。BAtanaltitudeover4,500metersinBurangCounty,NgariPrefecture,SouthwestChina’sXizangAutonomousRegion,liesMapamYumcoLake.Foroveradecade,42-year-oldDradulhasdedicatedhimselftoprotectingthewetlandaroundthispreciouslakeasanecosystemguardian.Beforebecomingaguardian,hestruggledwithtemporaryjobsandhopedforasteadysalary.Now,heearnsastablemonthlyincomeof2,000yuanandcomestofeeladeepsenseofpurpose.“Protectingthislakemakesmeproud.It’snotjustwork—it’saboutpreservingitforfuturegenerations,”hesaid.Dradul’sworkdaybeginsearly.Hepatrols(巡查)afixed10-kilometerroutebymotorcycle,withdutiesincludingobservingthereserve,recordingdata,andaddressingecologicalthreats.LastFebruary,heandhisteamrescuedawing-brokeneagle,sendingittoarescuecenteruntilitrecovered.ThisJuly,theyspent20minutespullingatrappedwildoutofamudflatwithropes.Educatingvisitorsisanothercoretask.Dradulremindstouristsnottolitter,driveondelicategrasslands,orleavewaste.“Inthepast,thewetlandwasfullofgarbageandhadfewerwildanimals,”Dradulrecalled.Today,thewetlandishometo411plantspeciesand157wildlifespecies—aremarkablelevelofbiodiversityforsuchahigh-altitudearea.Yet,theworkisfarfromeasy.Climatechangeisamajorthreat:meltingiceandshiftingrainfallpatternscauseshorelinechangesandgrasslanddegradation.Humanactivitiesalsocontinue—somevisitorsstilllitter,bathe,orwashcarsinthelake.Withnearly99,000hectares(公顷)ofwetlandandonly90guardians,remoteareascan’tbepatrolleddaily.Despitethesedifficulties,Dradulremainshopeful.HedreamsofMapamYumcoLakestayingpureforever.“Thisresponsibility,thoughbuiltonsmalldailyefforts,mustbepasseddown.Withsincerityandcommitment,eventhesimplestactionscansafeguardthelake’sbeautyforgenerations,”heemphasized.4.What’stheoriginalpurposeofDradultoworkasaguardian?A.Toseekasenseofpurpose.B.Tohelpanimalsinneed.C.Toprotectapreciouswetland.D.Toearnastableincome.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDradul’sjob?A.Well-paidbutinfluential.B.Challengingbutworthwhile.C.Relaxingandeffective.D.Flexibleandprofessional.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“degradation”inparagraph4mean?A.Improvement. B.Decline. C.Expansion. D.Coexistence.7.WhatcanwelearnfromDradul?A.Everycloudhasasilverlining.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Smalleffortsmakeabigdifference.D.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了德拉杜尔从为谋生到成为玛旁雍错湿地生态守护者的故事，描述了他日常工作的艰辛与挑战，以及这份工作带来的生态成效和个人价值实现。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Beforebecomingaguardian,hestruggledwithtemporaryjobsandhopedforasteadysalary.Now,heearnsastablemonthlyincomeof2,000yuanandcomestofeeladeepsenseofpurpose.(在成为守护者之前，他一直在做临时工作，希望能有稳定的收入。如今，他每月能有2000元的固定收入，并且开始有了强烈的使命感。)”可知，德拉杜尔最初是为了获得稳定的收入而选择这份工作。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dradul’sworkdaybeginsearly.Hepatrols(巡查)afixed10-kilometerroutebymotorcycle,withdutiesincludingobservingthereserve,recordingdata,andaddressingecologicalthreats.(德拉杜尔的工作日很早就开始了。他骑着摩托车沿着固定的10公里路线巡逻，其职责包括观察保护区、记录数据以及应对生态威胁。)”、“Today,thewetlandishometo411plantspeciesand157wildlifespecies—aremarkablelevelofbiodiversityforsuchahigh-altitudearea.(如今，这片湿地是411种植物和157种野生动物的栖息地——对于这样一个高海拔地区而言，这样的生物多样性水平实属罕见。)”和第四段中“Yet,theworkisfarfromeasy.Climatechangeisamajorthreat(然而，这项工作绝非易事。气候变化是一个重大威胁。)”、“Humanactivitiesalsocontinue—somevisitorsstilllitter,bathe,orwashcarsinthelake.(人类的活动仍在继续——仍有一些游客在湖中乱扔垃圾、洗澡或洗车。)”可知，德拉杜尔的工作日开始时间早，需负责的任务多，还面临气候变化、人为破坏等威胁，但取得的生态成果很惊人。由此可知，这份工作充满挑战但非常值得。故选B项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Climatechangeisamajorthreat:meltingiceandshiftingrainfallpatternscauseshorelinechanges(气候变化是一个重大威胁：冰的融化以及降雨模式的改变导致湖岸线发生变动)”可知，冰的融化和降雨模式变化带来的是消极影响，会导致草原退化，画线词意为“衰退，恶化”，与Decline“衰退”意思接近。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Dradul所说的话“Thisresponsibility,thoughbuiltonsmalldailyefforts,mustbepasseddown.Withsincerityandcommitment,eventhesimplestactionscansafeguardthelake’sbeautyforgenerations(这一责任虽然建立在每日细微的努力之上，但必须代代相传。只要秉持真诚和决心，哪怕是最简单的行动也能让湖泊的美丽得以延续数代。)”可知，德拉杜尔强调坚持不懈的日常付出对生态保护的深远意义。因此，从他身上，我们能学到“微小的努力能产生巨大影响”。A.黑暗中总有一丝光明；B.行动胜于空谈；D.机会青睐有准备的人。故选C项。CScientistsrecentlyconductedalarge-scalestudyusing120yearsofdataandfoundaseriousecologicalproblemintheeasternUnitedStates.Thespreadofintroducedtreespeciesisspeedingup,leadingtoadropinthediversityofnativetrees.Whilepeoplehavelongassumedthatforeignplantsareharmful,thisisthefirststudytoclearlyprovethisnegativelinkonalargescale.Thereasontheseintroducedspeciessucceedliesintheirlackofnaturalenemiesintheirnewenvironment.Intheiroriginalhome,theyarekeptincheckbypredatorsanddiseases.However,withoutthesepressures,theygrowveryfast.Theyabsorbthesunlightandnutrientsthatnativeplantsneedandaltersoilconditions.Thismakeslifeharderfornativeplants.Asnativeforestsdisappear,theyarereplacedbyafewaggressiveforeigntreesthatcanthriveinvariousconditions.TheChinesetallowtree(乌桕)isaperfectexampleofthissituation.Introducedinthe18thcenturyforitsvaluableoil,itisnowconsideredamajorinvasivespecies.Itgrowsquicklyandadaptstodifferentsoilsandclimates.Birdseatitsfruitandspreadtheseeds,allowingittoeasilytakeovervastlands.Itturnsopenprairiesintodenseforests,destroyingthehabitatsofwildlifelikeprairiechickens.Thisinvasioncomesatahighecologicalcost.Tallowtreeleavesarethinnerthansomenativetrees.Whentheyfallintowater,theydecomposerapidly,consumingdissolvedoxygen.Thisreducesthesurvivalchancesforfrogsandotheraquaticanimals.Consequently,theentireecosystemshifts,harmingspeciesthatcannotadaptquickly.Becausethesetreesarehardtoremoveonceestablished,expertsfocusonprevention.Researcherscomparethischallengetoopening“Pandora’sbox,”implyingthedamageishardtofix.Tohelp,thestudyprovidesa“riskmap.”Thismaptellsconservationistswhichregionsfacethegreatestrisk,lettingthemknowwheretofocuslimitedresourcestoprotectandrestorenativenature.8.Whatisthemajorcontributionofthenewstudymentionedinthetext?A.ItrecordedthehistoryofthetallowtreeintheUS.B.Itprovedthelinkbetweenintroducedandnativetrees.C.Itexplainedwhybirdsspreadseedsintheeast.D.Itintroducedanewmethodtoplantnativespecies.9.Whatgivesintroducedtreespeciesanadvantageinnewenvironments?A.Asubstantialsupplyofnewpathogens.B.Anextraneedforsunlightandwater.C.Thepresenceofcompetitivenativeplants.D.Alackofnaturalpredatorstocontrolthem.10.Whatisaconsequenceofthetallowtreeinvasionmentionedinthetext?A.Itincreasesoxygeninwaterbodies. B.Itmaintainsthenaturalstateofprairies.C.Itdestroysthehabitatsoflocalwildlife. D.Itcontrolspestsinthelocalsoil.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbyusingthe“Pandora’sbox”?A.Tosuggesttheproblemisdifficulttofix.B.Tourgepeopletoplantmoreforeigntrees.C.Toshowtheeconomicvalueofthetallowtree.D.Toexplainthescientificmethodsusedinthestudy.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项基于120年数据的大规模研究证实，美国东部的引进树种正在加速扩散，导致本地树种多样性下降，且因其危害难以逆转，专家强调预防为主，并利用“风险地图”指导保护工作。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whilepeoplehavelongassumedthatforeignplantsareharmful,thisisthefirststudytoclearlyprovethisnegativelinkonalargescale.(尽管人们长期以来一直认为外来植物有害，但这是第一项在大规模上清晰证明这种负面联系的研究。)”可知，这项新研究的主要贡献在于证明了引进树种与本地树种之间的联系。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thereasontheseintroducedspeciessucceedliesintheirlackofnaturalenemiesintheirnewenvironment.(这些引进物种能够成功的原因在于它们在新环境中缺乏天敌。)”可知，引进物种在新环境中的优势是缺乏控制它们的自然天敌。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itturnsopenprairiesintodenseforests,destroyingthehabitatsofwildlifelikeprairiechickens.(它将开阔的草原变为茂密的森林，破坏了像草原松鸡这样的野生动物的栖息地。)”可知，乌桕树入侵的后果之一是破坏当地野生动物的栖息地。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Researcherscomparethischallengetoopening“Pandora’sbox,”implyingthedamageishardtofix.(研究人员将这一挑战比作打开了“潘多拉魔盒”，暗示其造成的损害难以修复。)”可知，作者引用“潘多拉魔盒”这一典故，说明入侵树种带来的生态破坏难以修复，其目的是暗示这个问题难以解决。故选A项。DTheCanofHamcannotfindabuyer.ItmaybehardtoseetheGherkinbecausetheWalkie-TalkieandtheCheesegratergetintheway.London’siconicskylineisconstructednotjustfromglassandsteel,butalsofromimaginativenicknames.Thisphenomenonofinformalnamingextendsfarbeyondarchitecture,offeringinsightsintoconsumerbehaviorandworkplacedynamics(动态).Consumersfrequentlycreatenicknamesforbrands,whichtypicallysignalagenuineconnection.ResearchbyZheZhangandVanessaPatrickexaminedhowpeoplereacttonicknamesusedbyotherconsumers.Inoneexperiment,participantsreadanonlinereviewofaMcDonald’sitem.Somesawthechainreferredtoas“MickeyD’s,”whileotherssawtheformalname.Theresultsshowedthatwhenconsumersusenicknameslike“MickeyD’s”inproductreviews,thosereviewsappearmoretruthfulandaremorelikelytoinfluencepurchasingdecisions.However,thispositiveeffectisfragile.Whentheresearcherstestedscenarioswhereafirmuseditsownnicknameincommunications—suchasWalmartreferringtoitselfas“WallyWorld”—thebenefitsdisappeared.Anicknamethatfeelsnaturalwhenusedbyconsumerscomesacrossasuntruthfulwhenusedbythefirmitself.Workplaceisanotherplacefilledwithnicknames,withonestudyfinding87%ofemployeesencounterthem.However,evenifanicknameismeantasamarkofaffection,itmatterswhocoinsit.Inanexperiment,researcherslookedintothedifferencesbetween“upwardnicknaming”(employeesnamingbosses)and“downwardnicknaming”(bossesnamingemployees).Theresultrevealsthatdownwardnicknamingisassociatedwithlowerperceivedconcernforemployeewelfare,whileupwardnicknamingisassociatedwithgreaterstaffwell-being.Thelessonsformanagersandbrandsareclear.Nicknamingisanaturalsocialhabitthatcanfosterconnectionandpositivity.However,themosteffectiveandtruthfulnicknamesarethosethatarisenaturallyfromthebottomup.Therefore,brandsshouldavoidoverusingtheirown,andbossesshouldonlyinterveneifnicknamescausediscomfort.12.Whateffectdoesusingbrandnicknamesinconsumerreviewshave?A.Ithelpsconsumersmakewiserdecisions. B.Itincreasesthewillingnessofpurchase.C.Itmakesthereviewsmorelikelytobeignored. D.Itcausesthebrandtobantheuseofnicknames.13.Whydothepositiveeffectsofnicknamesdisappearwhencompaniesusethem?A.Thenicknameshavelostthetruthfulness.B.Thenicknamesarenotpopularamongthepublic.C.Consumersthinkthenicknamesaretoocasual.D.Brandvaluesarenotwellreflected.14.Whatcanbeinferredabout“downwardnicknaming”intheworkplace?A.Ithelpsimprovestaffproductivity. B.Itleadstolowerworkengagement.C.Itmakesemployeesfeellessvalued. D.Itisencouragedbymostmanagementteams.15.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.BrandsandBosses:ShouldTheyEmbraceorRejectNicknames?B.RiseofInformalNaming:ATrendImpactingBrandsandWorkplacesC.MagicofInformalNames:ShapingConsumerChoicesandWorkplaceBondsD.Nicknames:BridgingCulturalGapsandStrengtheningWorkplaceTeams【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了昵称在消费者行为和职场动态中的双重影响，消费者自发使用品牌昵称能提升评论可信度并促进购买，但企业自己使用则会适得其反，职场中员工给老板起昵称与更高福祉相关，反之则可能让员工感到不被重视。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theresultsshowedthatwhenconsumersusenicknameslike“MickeyD’s”inproductreviews,thosereviewsappearmoretruthfulandaremorelikelytoinfluencepurchasingdecisions.(结果表明，当消费者在产品评论中使用“MickeyD’s”这样的昵称时，这些评论看起来更真实，更有可能影响购买决策。)”可知，在消费者评论中使用品牌昵称可以增加购买意愿。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Anicknamethatfeelsnaturalwhenusedbyconsumerscomesacrossasuntruthfulwhenusedbythefirmitself.(当消费者使用时显得自然的昵称，一旦被企业自身使用起来，就会显得不真实了。)”可知，公司官方使用昵称时，积极效果消失的原因是昵称失去了真实性。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theresultrevealsthatdownwardnicknamingisassociatedwithlowerperceivedconcernforemployeewelfare,whileupwardnicknamingisassociatedwithgreaterstaffwell-being.(结果显示，向下起昵称与较低的员工福祉关注度相关，而向上起昵称则与较高的员工幸福感相关。)”可知，向下起昵称会让员工觉得自己的福祉不被领导关心和重视，也就是说，这会让员工感觉不被重视。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Thisphenomenonofinformalnamingextendsfarbeyondarchitecture,offeringinsightsintoconsumerbehaviorandworkplacedynamics(动态).(这种非正式命名的现象不仅在建筑领域存在，其影响还延伸到了消费者行为和工作动态方面，为我们提供了诸多关于这些方面的见解。)”可知，文章围绕“非正式昵称”在两个主要领域：消费者行为与职场动态的影响展开，介绍了昵称如何让消费者评论更可信，从而影响购买决策，以及职场中向上与向下起昵称如何影响工作场所关系。因此，C项“非正式名字的魅力：塑造消费者选择与职场关系”概括了研究对象及其产生的影响，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inlife,wemakemanydecisionsthatdefinewhowetrulyare.Itfeelsreallygoodtolivewithintegrity,oncewemasterthisquality,bothourcareerandlivescandevelopbetter.Whatisthemeaningofintegrity?Integritymeanslivingyourlifeaccordingtoyourownmoralsandethics(道德标准).____16____Alongsidethat,youmustalsoknowwhatthepurposeofyourlifeis,andwhatyouintendtodowithyourlife.Herearesomeofthewaystodevelopandpreserveintegrity.DefineYourValuesClearlyThefirststeptodevelopingyourintegrityistodefineyourvalues.Everypersonhasasetofvaluesthattheyliveby.____17____Nomatterwhathappens,youwillnevergoagainstyourcore(核心)values.AnalyzeEachandEveryChoiceAlwaysrememberthatyourchoicesdefineyoufinally.Practicingintegritymeansmakingtherightdecisionnomatterwhat.Someseeminglyrightdecisionsthatwemakeinlifecouldbedisastrousforsome.Honestyandintegrityaren’tsomethingthatyoumustpracticewhenitisconvenientforyou.___18___PracticeYourValuesintheWorld____19____Welearnsomanygreatthingsinchildhood,someofwhicharehabitsthatwefollowforourwholelife.Practicingintegrityisjustlikethat,youwouldjustbepracticingyoureverydaylifebutwithmoreanalysis.Havingintegrityalsomeansmorethanbeingconsistent.____20____Wemustnotalwaysdowhatcomesnaturallytousbecauseitisournaturetoshyawayfromdifficulties.Wemustfindthecouragewithinourselvestofaceallthedifficultiesinlife,onlythenwillwebecomesuccessful.A.Sometimeswehavetofacetheunavoidable.B.Youmustrespectandfollowthemasyougofurtherinlife.C.Sometimesweneedtodecidewhatwewanttogetinlife.D.Youmustalwaysbelikethatwhatevertheconditionsare.E.Tohaveintegrity,youmustclearlyknowwhatisrightandwrong.F.Alwaysfindwaystoapplyyourethicsandmoralsineverydaylife.G.Thereareconditionswhenrightandwrongareveryapparent.【答案】16.E17.B18.D19.F20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了正直的内涵，并提出通过明确价值观、分析选择、在日常中践行以及勇敢面对不可避免的困难来培养正直品质的具体方法。【16题详析】前文“Whatisthemeaningofintegrity?Integritymeanslivingyourlifeaccordingtoyourownmoralsandethics(道德标准).(“正直”的含义是什么呢？正直意味着按照自己的道德准则和伦理规范来过自己的生活。)”给出正直的含义，后文“Alongsidethat,youmustalsoknowwhatthepurposeofyourlifeis,andwhatyouintendtodowithyourlife.(除此之外，你还必须清楚自己人生的意义所在，以及打算如何度过自己的人生。)”指出践行正直需要知道人生意义，是另一并列前提，空处需指出践行正直的第一个前提，应该与含义中涉及的标准相关，因此E项“Tohaveintegrity,youmustclearlyknowwhatisrightandwrong.(要具备正直，你必须清楚地知道什么是对，什么是错。)”符合语境，指出要明辨是非，承接前文的含义，和后文是并列关系。故选E。【17题详析】前文“Everypersonhasasetofvaluesthattheyliveby.(每个人都有自己所遵循的一套价值观。)”提到价值观的普遍存在，后文“Nomatterwhathappens,youwillnevergoagainstyourcore(核心)values.(无论发生什么情况，你都不会违背自己的核心价值观。)”进一步强调对价值观的坚守，空处应涉及如何对待价值观，因此B项“Youmustrespectandfollowthemasyougofurtherinlife.(当你在生活中走得更远的时候，你必须尊重并遵循它们。)”符合语境，“尊重并遵循”是“拥有”与“坚守”之间的必要方式，承前启后，其中的them指代前文的asetofvalues。故选B。【18题详析】前文“Honestyandintegrityaren’tsomethingthatyoumustpracticewhenitisconvenientforyou.(诚实和正直并非是你可以选择性去践行的品质，而是一种必须时刻保持的品质。)”指出正直应该是无条件的、一以贯之的，空处是段末句，可能会进一步重申这种“无条件性”，因此D项“Youmustalwaysbelikethatwhatevertheconditionsare.(无论境遇如何，你必须始终如此。)”符合语境，指出正直不应因环境变化而改变，承接前文。故选D。【19题详析】本段标题是“PracticeYourValuesInTheWorld(在世间践行你的价值观)”，后文“Welearnsomanygreatthingsinchildhood,someofwhicharehabitsthatwefollowforourwholelife.Practicingintegrityisjustlikethat,youwouldjustbepracticingyoureverydaylifebutwithmoreanalysis.(在童年时期，我们学到了许多宝贵的知识，其中一些习惯会伴随我们一生。践行正直就如同这样：你只是在日常生活中进行一些练习，只不过这次会更注重分析而已。)”用童年养成习惯来比喻践行正直，建议将价值观融入日常生活的点滴之中，空处是段首句，应对标题进行阐述，总的说明要在日常中实践价值观，因此F项“Alwaysfindwaystoapplyyourethicsandmoralsineverydaylife.(总是寻找方法将你的伦理道德应用于日常生活中。)”符合语境，呼应标题，引出后文的比喻和解释。故选F。【20题详析】前文“Havingintegrityalsomeansmorethanbeingconsistent.(具备正直还不仅仅意味着始终如一。)”表明后面要探讨正直更深层次的要求，后文“Wemustnotalwaysdowhatcomesnaturallytousbecauseitisournaturetoshyawayfromdifficulties.(我们不能总是随心所欲地去做那些自然而然能做的事，因为我们天性就是逃避困难。)”暗示主动、勇敢地面对困难，空处为过渡句，需引出面对困难这个话题，因此A项“Sometimeswehavetofacetheunavoidable.(有时我们不得不面对那些不可避免的事情。)”符合语境，用“不可避免的事情”衔接前后文。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的选项EthanWargo,9,setsupa“complimentsstand(赞美小摊)”onhislawntoofferpassersbypraise.____21____byan“insult(侮辱)stand”fromoneofhisfavoritenovels,ratherthanembracingnegativity,hedecidedtodothe____22____bygivingoutfreecompliments.Soon,neighborsnoticedthisspecialstand,andasteady____23____ofvisitorsstoppedby.“OnceIgotmyfirstcustomer,Ithought,‘Ishouldkeepdoingthis,’”Ethanrecalledand____24____addedthatseeingpeoplesmilewashisfavoritepart.Byemployingthesecret____25____—askingeveryoneaboutthemselves,Ethanhasgivenpersonalizedcomplimentstomanypeopleoveramonth.Onememorable____26____waswithRainbowKaclin,wholivesnearby.Shespottedthestandand____27____whendrivinghome.“Isawthatitsaid‘Freecompliments,’andIthoughtitwassosweet,”Kaclinsaid,hervoice____28____withthememory.Whenshementionedthatshewas____29____anewemployee,Ethan’sresponsecamewithout____30____:“Ihopeshelearnsalotfromyou.”Kaclinthankedhimandstartedtodriveoff,butEthan—realizinghiscomplimentwasn’tquiteright—____31____uptohercar.“Yournameissounique,”headded.“Hegenuinelywantedtomakepeople’s____32____,”Kaclinrecalled.ThestoryreachedevenmorepeopleafterEthan’sfatherWargosharedapostonline,whichbecameanimmediate____33____,drawingcountlesssupportivecomments.Withthe____34____messagespouredin,Ethansawthetrueimpactofhisstand,fromwhichhelearnedthathiscomplimentswerenotmerelykindwords,butseedsofconfidence____35____inpeople’shearts.21.A.Convinced B.Struck C.Inspired D.Attached22.A.opposite B.alternative C.occupation D.routine23.A.set B.stream C.band D.quality24.A.modestly B.dramatically C.objectively D.cheerfully25.A.approach B.principle C.profile D.concept26.A.interview B.vision C.competition D.encounter27.A.poredover B.pulledover C.turnedover D.getover28.A.deep B.warm C.noble D.sharp29.A.training B.interview C.promoting D.restricting30.A.devotion B.exception C.hesitation D.intention31.A.wandered B.marched C.raced D.mounted32.A.day B.fortune C.case D.name33.A.exposure B.hit C.trend D.record34.A.widespread B.accessible C.heartfelt D.urgent35.A.trapped B.planted C.committed D.invested【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.D27.B28.B29.A30.C31.C32.A33.B34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述9岁男孩Ethan受小说启发，在草坪设赞美小摊为路人送赞美，温暖他人并收获认可，领悟赞美真谛的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：受他最爱的一本小说中“侮辱小摊”的启发，他没有接纳负面情绪，而是决定反其道而行之，免费送出赞美。A.Convinced说服；B.Struck撞击，打动；C.Inspired启发，鼓舞；D.Attached依附。根据下文“byan“insult(侮辱)stand”fromhisfavoritenovel,ratherthanembracingnegativity”可知，Ethan创建“赞美小摊”的想法是受到了自己最喜欢的小说中“侮辱小摊”这一情节的启发。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：受他最爱的一本小说中“侮辱小摊”的启发，他没有接纳负面情绪，而是决定反其道而行之，免费送出赞美。A.opposite相反的事物；B.alternative选择；C.occupation职业；D.routine常规。根据上文“ratherthanembracingnegativity”和下文“bygivingoutfreecompliments”可知，Ethan没有选择接受负面情绪，而是给予免费的赞美之词，说明决定做相反的事，即反其道而行之。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，邻居们注意到了这个特别的小摊，源源不断的访客驻足停留。A.set一套，装置；B.stream流，一连串；C.band乐队，群体；D.quality质量。根据上文“asteady”可知，此处说明来到这个小摊的人络绎不绝，短语asteadystreamof意为“源源不断的，络绎不绝的”。故选B。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：伊桑回忆道：“当我迎来第一位顾客时，我就想‘我应该一直做这件事’”，并开心地补充说，看到人们微笑是他最喜欢的部分。A.modestly谦虚地；B.dramatically戏剧性地；C.objectively客观地；D.cheerfully开心地。根据下文“addedthatseeingpeoplesmilewashisfavoritepart”可知，Ethan说看到人们露出笑容是他最喜欢的部分，这是开心的事，因此是愉快地补充道。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过运用一个秘诀——询问每个人关于他们自己的事，伊桑在一个多月里给了很多人个性化的赞美。A.approach方法，途径；B.principle原则；C.profile轮廓，简介；D.concept概念。根据下文“askingeveryoneaboutthemselves”可知，询问每个人的情况是Ethan给出个性化的赞美之词的秘密方法。故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一次难忘的邂逅是和住在附近的雷博·卡克林。A.interview采访，面试；B.vision视力，愿景；C.competition比赛；D.encounter邂逅，相遇。根据上文“EthanWargo,9,setsupa“complimentsstand(赞美小摊)”onhislawntoofferpassersbypraise.”可知，Ethan在自家草坪上设立了“赞美小摊”，向路过的行人表达赞美之词，此处指Ethan与Kaelin在小摊的一次邂逅。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她开车回家时看到了这个小摊，然后停了下来。A.poredover仔细研读；B.pulledover靠边停车；C.turnedover翻转，移交；D.getover克服。根据上文“Shespottedthestand”和下文“whendrivinghome”可知，Kaelin发现了小摊，开车回家时把车停在了路边。故选B。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡克林说：“我看到牌子上写着‘免费赞美’，我觉得这太贴心了。”她的声音里充满了温暖的回忆。A.deep深的；B.warm温暖的；C.noble高贵的；D.sharp尖锐的。根据上文“Isawthatitsaid‘Freecompliments,’andIthoughtitwassosweet”可知，Kaelin觉得小摊上写的“免费赞美”太可爱了，充满欣赏之情，因此是指声音因回忆而变得温暖。故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她提到自己正在培训一名新员工时，伊桑毫不犹豫地回应道：“我希望她能从你身上学到很多东西。”A.training培训；B.interview采访，面试；C.promoting提拔；D.restricting限制。根据下文“Ihopeshelearnsalotfromyou.”可知，Ethan希望这名新员工能从Kaelin身上学到很多东西，说明Kaelin在培训一名新员工。故选A。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她提到自己正在培训一名新员工时，伊桑毫不犹豫地回应道：“我希望她能从你身上学到很多东西。”A.devotion奉献；B.exception例外；C.hesitation犹豫；D.intention意图。根据下文“Ihopeshelearnsalotfromyou”可知，Ethan给出“我希望她能从你身上学到很多东西”的赞美时是毫不犹豫的。故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡克林向他道谢后准备开车离开，但伊桑意识到自己的赞美还不够贴切，便快步跑到她的车边。A.wandered漫步；B.marched行进，游行；C.raced快速移动，奔跑；D.mounted登上，安装。根据上文“Ethan—realizinghiscomplimentwasn’tquiteright”可知，Ethan意识到自己的赞美可能不太恰当，因此会迅速跑向Kaelin的车，进行补救。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡克林回忆道：“他是真心想让人们开心。”A.day一天，日子；B.fortune运气，财富；C.case情况，案例；D.name名字。根据上文““Yournameissounique,”headded.”可知，Ethan特地赞美了Kaelin的名字，非常用心，说明他真的想让人们开心，短语makeone’sday意为“让某人开心”。故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：伊桑的父亲沃戈在网上分享了帖子后，这个故事被更多人知晓，帖子立刻走红，引来无数支持的评论。A.exposure曝光；B.hit热门事物，成功；C.trend趋势；D.record记录。根据下文“drawingcountlesssupportivecomments”可知，该帖子引来无数支持性的评论，说明它成了风行一时的事物，即迅速走红。故选B。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着真挚的留言不断涌入，伊桑看到了自己小摊的真正影响——他明白了自己的赞美不仅仅是善意的话语，更是播撒在人们心中的自信种子。A.widespread广泛的；B.accessible易接近的；C.heartfelt真挚的；D.urgent紧急的。根据下文“Ethansawthetrueimpactofhisstand”可知，Ethan看到了自己这一行为所产生的真正影响，说明留言非常真挚，让Ethan深受触动。故选C。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着真挚的留言不断涌入，伊桑看到了自己小摊的真正影响——他明白了自己的赞美不仅仅是善意的话语，更是播撒在人们心中的自信种子。A.trapped困住；B.planted种植，播撒；C.committed承诺，投入；D.invested投资。根据上文“seedsofconfidence”和下文“inpeople’shearts”可知，此处把Ethan的赞美比作播种在人们心中的自信种子，让人们由此增加自信。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworld’slongestexpresswaytunnelhasopenedtotrafficinnorthwestChina’sXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.The22.13-kilometreTianshanShengliTunnelrunsthroughtheheartoftheTianshanMountains.Ithasreducedadifficultmountainjourneythatoncetookseveralhours____36____just20minutes.“Thisis____37____all-weatherandhigh-efficiencytransportsystem____38____willsignificantlyenhancethe____39____(secure)ofnationalenergyresourcesandagriculturalsupplychains,”saidHuangTao,theheadofficialofthetransportationbureauofBayingolin.____40____(stretch)2,500