山西省太原市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末学业诊断英语试卷

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省太原市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末学业诊断英语试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAIPromptEngineering:YourGatewaytoCareerExcellenceAIPrompt(提示)Engineeringisquicklybecomingamust-haveskillintheever-changingworldofartificialintelligence.WithAImodelsgettingsmarterbytheday,knowinghowtocreateeffectivepromptsislikehavingasuperpower.WhatdoesanAIPromptEngineerdo?AIPromptEngineersaresortoflikeclever“translators”,butinsteadoflanguages,theyteachAIhowtoavoidputtingitsfootinitsmouth.Theyworklikemagicians,designing,adjusting,andimprovingcommandstomakesureourchatswithAIflowjustright.Actingasthebridgebetweenhumancreativityandartificialintelligence,theyguaranteethatAImodels,suchasOpenAI’sGPT,produceaccurate,relevant,andusefuloutputs.Armedwithauniquemixofcreativityandtechnicalknow-how,theseexpertsplayacrucialroleinbringingAIfromsciencefictiontoreality,makingsureitshinesineveryinteraction.HowdoAIPromptEngineersdifferfromAIModelDevelopers?JobAIPromptEngineerAIModelDeveloperMainFocusdesigningpromptsbuildingAIsystemsRequiredSkillspromptdesigncontextlearningthinkingoutsidetheboxdatacollectionmodelselectionthinkingbeyondboundariesJobOutcomeenhanceAI’sresponsescreateAImodelsWhatarethebenefits?·BigPaychecks:Youcanearnanywherefrom$175,000to$300,000—yourskillsandexperiencedecidehowmuch!·JobSecurity:AIisbooming,andskilledengineersareinhighdemand,soyourfutureissafeandsound.·EndlessOpportunities:It’slikelytouseyourpromptengineeringskillsinallsortsoffields,likehealthcare,movies,money,orevenschools!·FlexibleWorkOptions:Thisjobtypicallyoffersamixofofficeandremoteworksetups,givingyouthefreedomtoworkfromanywhere.1.WhatistheresponsibilityofanAIPromptEngineer?A.Instructingusers. B.TranslatingAIoutputs.C.Processingcommands. D.DevelopingAImodels.2.WhatisrequiredbybothAIPromptEngineersandAIModelDevelopers?A.Datacollection. B.Innovation.C.Modelselection. D.Communication.3.WhatisanadvantageofworkingasanAIPromptEngineeraccordingtothetext?A.Additionalincome. B.Rapidjobpromotion.C.Fixedworkplaces. D.Broadapplicationfields.BThissummer,Itriedaratherunconventionalmethodtoencouragemy12-year-olddaughtertoabsorbherselfintheworldofbooks—Iofferedher$100toreadone.Admittedly,itwasbornoutofsheerdesperation;neverhadIimaginedturningtobribery.However,theoutcomewasunexpectedlysatisfactory,andasaparentofaformerlyresistantreader,Ifoundthiswasn’tsobadafterall.Mydaughterisundoubtedlyintelligent,butpriortothisexperiment,shehadnevervoluntarilycompletedachapterofabookforherownenjoyment.Indeed,shefulfilledherreadingassignmentsforschool,yetherleisuretimewasrevolving(围绕)aroundherphone—socialmedia,videos,andgames.Books,toher,feltlikeathingofthepast.Recallingthejoyofreadingfrommyownchildhood,Iwaseagertopassthisloveforbooksontomydaughter.However,themoreIpushed,themoreshedugherheelsin.TheturningpointcamewhenIencounteredajaw-droppingstatistic:nearly30%of13-year-olds“neverorhardlyever”readforpleasure,whichstruckachordwithme.ThatwaswhenIoffered$100forhertoengagewithabook.Shehesitatedbutagreed.Tomyastonishment,sheselectedatitlethatwouldn’thavecrossedmymind,anddiligentlybeganturningthepages.Chapterbychapter,shegothooked.Itwasn’tthebookIwouldhavechosen,butitdidn’tmatter.Shewasonaroll.Whatfollowedwasevenmoresurprising.Thebribefaded,buthernewfoundinterestinreadingpersisted.Slowly,sheturnedintoabookwormgoingthroughpageswithendlesspassion.Mydesperatetrywasn’taperfectsolution,butitleftasparkofhabitandcuriosity.The$100nolongerseemedlikeanexpense;ittransformedintoaworthwhileinvestment.Reflectingonthisentireepisode,I’vegainedaninvaluablelesson.Sometimes,asaparent,youcan’talwaysexpectthemoststraightforwardorconventionalapproachtowork.WhileIhavemixedfeelingsaboutmymethod,Iamkindofproudoftheoutcome.Andthe$100?Sometimeswortheverypenny.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bribery”mostlikelymeaninthefirstparagraph?A.Pressingtofollow. B.Makingupfortheloss.C.Payingtopersuade. D.Givingupforthebenefit.5.Whatpushedtheauthortomakeadeterminedefforttochangeherdaughter?A.Learningdataonteen’sreadinghabits.B.Feelingstressedfromschoolassignments.C.Worryingoverherdaughter’sscreentime.D.Recallingherchildhoodreadingexperience.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebookthedaughterpicked?A.Itwascentredondiligence.B.Itwasnotmeantforstudents.C.Itwassuggestedbytheauthor.D.Itwasfascinatingtothedaughter.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhermethod?A.Conflictingbuteffective. B.Straightforwardbutpractical.C.Fruitlessbutworthwhile. D.Unconventionalbutscientific.CAsawriterspecializinginpsychologyandhumancognition(认知),I’veexploredcountlesstrickstoboostbrainpower.Yet,fewhaveprovenassurprisinglyeffectiveastheancientpracticeofilleism.Politiciansoftenusethisdevicetosoundmoreobjective,asJuliusCaesardidinhisaccountoftheGallicWar,writing“Caesaravenged(为……报仇)thepublic”insteadof“Iavengedthepublic.”Simplyput,illeismistheactofreferringtooneselfinthethirdpersoninsteadofthefirstperson.Talkingaboutyourselfthiswaymightsoundoverlyformalorunusualtomodernears,butsciencesaysitworkswonders.Whentoughdecisionscomeknocking,speakinginthethirdpersoncanhelpyoustaycalm,cuttingthroughthosemessyemotionsthatoftencloudourjudgment.It’slikegivingyourbrainalittlespacetoseethebigpicture.ResearchbyIgorGrossmannattheUniversityofWaterlooshowsthatwe’renaturallybetteratbeing“wise”whendealingwithotherpeople’sproblemsthanourown.ThisisknownasSolomon’sParadox(悖论),whichexplainswhygivingyourbestfriendadviceisabreeze(微风),butsolvingyourownisadrama.Canilleismhelpsolvethisparadox?Grossmann’sresearchsuggestsitcan.Byshiftingtothethirdperson,westepbackfromournegativeemotionsandgainanotherperspective.Studiesshowthatpeoplewhotriedthisdisplayedmoremodesty—basically,theymadeclearerdecisionsandleveleduptheirwisdomgame.Onestudyevenfoundthatparticipantswhojournaledinthethirdpersonforamonthstartedseeingeverydaysituationsinawholenewlight.Theyalsoreportedfeelinglessstressedandmorepositive.I’vetrieditmyself,andhonestly,itworks!Whetherit’schallengingworkdecisions,familydilemmas,orhandlingfriendships,thislittlementalshifthashelpedmeseethingsmoreclearlyandactmorethoughtfully.Sure,itmightsoundalittleoddatfirst,butit’sincrediblyeffective.Ifyou’relookingforafun,easywaytoclearyourhead,whynotgiveitashot?Whoknows—youmightjustdiscoveryourinnerCaesar.8.WhyisJuliusCaesar’sexamplecitedinthefirstparagraph?A.Torevealthesourceofilleism.B.Toprovetheeffectivenessofilleism.C.Toshowtheintelligenceofpoliticians.D.Toexplainthedevelopmentofalanguage.9.WhichofthefollowingsayingsbestreflectsSolomon’sParadox?A.Outofsight,outofmind.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Aproblemsharedisaproblemhalved.D.Youcan’treadthelabelfrominsidethejar.10.Howdoesilleismaiddecision-making?A.Peoplecanacceptothers’advicewithmodesty.B.Peoplecanadjustpersonalhabitstohandleissues.C.Peoplecanperfecttheirjudgmentbyincreasingwisdom.D.Peoplecangainafreshperspectivewithpositiveemotions.11.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Apsychologyblog. B.Ahistoricalbiography.C.Aself-helpguide. D.Ascientificjournal.DAccordingtoastudypublishedinNature,evenaftercuttingsignificantweight,yourfatcellsmightbehangingontothe“obesity(肥胖)memory”,whichcouldexplainwhykeepingtheweightoffcanfeellikeanuphillbattle.Theissueliesinchangestotheepigenome—asetofchemicaltagsonDNAandproteinsthatcontrolgeneactivity.Forfatcells,thesechangescannotonlydisturbnormalfunctionslikeenergystorageandhormone(荷尔蒙)regulation,butalsosendwrongsignalstothepartsofbrainthatregulatehungerandmetabolism(新陈代谢).Researchersrecentlyuncoveredthestubborntendencyinhumans.Whenanalyzingfattissue(组织)fromweight-lossindividualsandacontrolgroupwithnohistoryofobesity,theyfoundasurprisingpattern:Certaingenesweremuchmoreactiveintheweight-lossgroup.Asoneparticipantjoked,“It’slikemyfatcellsarewhispering,‘Hey,let’sstockupforwinter!’”Anotheradmitted,“Ican’tstopthinkingaboutfood—Idesirehigh-caloriesnacksallthetime!”Theseindividualsnotonlyexperienceheightenedhungerandanintenseappetite,butalsofaceametabolicrealitywheretheirbodiesaremorelikelytostorefoodasfatratherthanburnit.Asonefrustrateddieterhumorouslyremarked,“Itfeelslikemybodytreatseverymeallikeaonce-in-a-lifetimefeast!”Whilethesefindingsshedlightonthe“memory”ofobesity,scientistscautionthatthestudydoesnotprovethatepigeneticchangesdirectlycauseweightregain.HyunCheolRoh,ametabolismexpert,stressedthat“moreresearchisneededtopindowntheexactroleofthesechanges.”Forthosealreadyonaweight-lossjourney,stayingslimisn’tanimpossibledream—it’sachievable,thoughitdoestakeeffort.LauraHinte,abiologistattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,wantsyoutoknow:“Yourfatcellsmighthaveagreatmemory,butyoucanoutsmartthem.Long-termsuccesscomesfrombuildinghabitsthatstick—especiallyindietandexercise.”Evenso,themosteffectivewaytobeatobesityistostopitbeforeitstarts—addressingitbeforeitbecomesachallenge.12.Whatdoesthe“obesitymemory”mean?A.People’sweightiscontrolledbybrain.B.Peoplecan’tforgettheoverweightstate.C.Peoplecanneverchangetheoldhabitsrelatedtoobesity.D.Peoplehaveatendencytogobacktotheirpreviousweight.13.Whathasresearchersfoundintheweight-lossgroup?A.Theirgenesbecomemuchlessactive.B.Theytendtocherishfoodandtrynottowasteit.C.Theyhaveincreasedappetiteandslowermetabolism.D.Theirweightismorelikelytobouncebackinwinter.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphemphasizeaboutbeatingobesity?A.Instantrecovery. B.Earlyprevention.C.Challenginggoals. D.Effortlessmaintenance.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BodyshapeisdeterminedbygenesB.ThehiddensecretofepigeneticchangesC.Memoryoffatcells:ThereasonforeasyweightregainD.Fatcellsneverchange:Whylosingweightisimpossible第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。答案写在答题卡上。Goodposture(体态)isoftenmisunderstoodasforcingyourspine(脊柱)tostandatattentionlikeasoldier.____16____Ithasgotsomeprettycoolcurves—abackwardcurveinyourlowerback,aforwardcurveinyourupperback,andanotherbackwardcurveinyourneck.Maintainingthesenaturalcurvesisessentialforavoidingunnecessarystressonthemuscles.Sincepostureisnotaboutstayingstilllikeastatue,thebestpostureguidelinesencouragemovementwheneverpossibletohelpmaintaincomfortthroughouttheday.Getup,stretch,ormovearoundeverythirtytosixtyminutes.____17____Inasittingposition,goodposturemeansplantingyourfeetflatonthefloor,keepingyourkneesslightlymorethana90-degreeangle,andmakingsurethosenaturalspinecurvesstaynatural.____18____Additionally,yourshouldersshouldbeback,andyourheadshouldbealigned(对齐)withyourspine.Bonustip:usingasupportivechairorstandingdeskcanmakethiswholeposturegamealoteasier—especiallyifyou’resittingorstandingforhours.____19____Itoffersseveralphysicalbenefits,includingreducingtheriskofinjury,relievingmuscletension,improvingbalance,andincreasingenergy.Ithelpskeepyourbonesandmusclesintherightposition,preventingproblemslikecompressednerves,injuriesfromrepetitivemovements,andpainintheback,neck,andlimbs.____20____Studiesshowthatsittinguprightcanliftyourspirits,cutdownstress,andevenhelpyoufocusbetter.A.Itisamoodboostertoo.B.However,thisisnotthetruth.C.Properpostureresultsinlong-termwell-being.D.Standingproperlyisasimportantassittingcorrectly.E.Actually,yourspineisn’tsupposedtobepoker-straight.F.Whenstanding,distributeyourweightevenlyonbothfeet.G.It’slikegivingyourbodyaminirefreshbuttontokeepyourbloodflowing.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mysix-year-oldsonsitsoppositemeatthechessboard.Hissmallhandgraspsaplasticpieceashe____21____considershisnextmove,sparingnoglanceatthecartoonsonTV.Ismile,amusedbytheconcentrationofayoung“chessmaster”.Sincehewasfour,playingchesshasbeena____22____tradition,adelightfulrelaxationofthepiecesclickingtomakeasoftrhythm.Thetelevisionisalwayson,butwiththebattleprogressing,its____23____amountstonothing.Imovemy“queen”piece,watchingcloselyashedropshispiecetotheboardwitha____24____motion.Feelingsecretlypleasedinside,Idropapiecethat____25____thevictory.“Noway!”Heburstsintoacryof____26____,beggingmetosharestrategiesafterthegame.WheneverIengageinaboardgamewithmyson,afirmdesireto____27____arises.Whenhemakesabadmove,Idon’tshow____28____.Afraidofmistakes?Gopractisingmore.Failures,afterall,____29____toughness,whiledelicateflowersonlyfadeinthefaceofdefeat.Iamteachinghimavaluablelesson:Chancedoesn’tdeterminesuccess,but_____30_____does.Actually,theonlythingthatoutweighsmyurgetowinistoseemychild_____31_____withbothabilityandspirits.Myinsistenceworks-eachseriouscompetition_____32_____withafriendly“goodgame,”aswellasaneagerrequestforanother_____33_____.Thesedays,itisusuallymysonthat_____34_____theoutcomeofthegames.“Gotyou,Daddy!”Heexclaims,droppinghispieceashecornersmy“king”.“Canweplayagain?”Thoughthegametime_____35_____,myanswerisalways“Yes”,-tomorrow,orthenextday.21.A.regularly B.slightly C.attentively D.casually22.A.period B.project C.community D.family23.A.distraction B.surprise C.balance D.addition24.A.constant B.decisive C.awkward D.creative25.A.secures B.judges C.misses D.disturbs26.A.excitement B.curiosity C.honour D.frustration27.A.defend B.lose C.win D.support28.A.mercy B.love C.anxiety D.confidence29.A.referto B.dependon C.contributeto D.resultfrom30.A.effort B.focus C.relief D.luck31.A.fail B.cheer C.meet D.grow32.A.begins B.concludes C.combines D.continues33.A.score B.session C.race D.round34.A.regrets B.celebrates C.collects D.accepts35.A.carrieson B.staysup C.runsout D.turnsover第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chasingthelastmomentsofsunlighttocapturetheamazingsunsethaslongbeenafavoritepastimeformany,andthisfascinationisnotjust____36____moderntrend.Ancientculturesacrosstheglobehaveshown____37____(admire)forthatmysteriousglowinthesky,withparticularattention____38____(give)toitsglorioussetting.Vastmonuments,likeStonehengeinEnglandandtheTempleofKarnakinEgypt,werealsobuilt____39____(reflect)thesun’ssignificance.Beijingalsosharesthisdeepconnectiontothesun,____40____precisedesignshowcasesthewisdomofancientChineseurbanplanning.Theconstructionofmanystreetsandbuildingsinthecity____41____(highlight)thesun’smovements.Forexample,theSeventeen-ArchBridgeintheSummerPalaceisperfectlylitduringthewintersolstice(冬至),thetimewhenthesunreachesits____42____(high)pointintheskyatmidday,creatingthespectacularsightof“goldenraysthreadingthroughthearches.”____43____(similar),thesunsetatQiniandianbathesthe“GoldenPlaque”insunlight,formingabreathtakingview.Beyondthesearchitecturalmarvels,Beijinghutong,designedwithacarefulnorth-south,east-westgrid(方格),alsoofferssunlitmomentsshaped____44____aremarkablewaybybothnatureandhumanintelligence.Today,therearecountlessappsthatcanpredicttheexacttime,angle,andpositionofasunset.Yet,there’sstillsomethingspecialaboutwanderingthecity,_____45_____(explore)itsstreets,andhopingforthebestsunlitexperiences.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Karry作为“TheCleanupTeenagers”环保组织的一员，清理海岸垃圾，并获得了国家青年英雄奖。请你给他写一封邮件表示祝贺，内容包括：(1)祝贺他获奖；(2)表示受到启发并向他学习。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearKarry，IamgladtohearthatyouwontheGloriaBarronNationalPrizeforYoungHeroes.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Love，LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Summervacationstarting,SteveandIplannedtoplaybaseballeveryday,aimingtojointhefreshmanteam.“Ifyoumakeitintotheteam,I’llbuyyouanewbaseballgloveasapresent.”Mymom’spromiseechoedinmymindasIexcitedlywaitedforSteve,staringatmyworn-outglove.ButtodayIhadtocleanMrs.Thompson’sgaragefirst.Shewasweakenedbyoldage,somymomalwaysvolunteeredmetohelpher.Momwouldn’tletmeacceptanymoney,thinkingshedidn’thavemuch,andliterally,Ineverminded—afterall,Mrs.Thompsonhadknittedmefivesweatersandalwaysmademecakes.Mostimportantly,itwastherightthingtodo.Stevecamerushingoutofhishouse,andIexplainedthesituation.Asexpected,heimmediatelysaid,“Alright,I’llhelp.”Weinstantlygottowork.Thegaragewasamessofboxes,butwegatheredallourenergyand