陕西省某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourFamousFemaleScientistsKatherineJohnsonKatherineJohnsongraduatedfromcollege—withhonors—atthesameagemostpeoplegraduatedfromhighschool.ShelaterappliedtoaprogramattheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronauticsandearnedaspotasoneoftheagency’shumancomputers.OneofKatherine’smostimportantjobswascalculatingthepathofthefirstAmericanmannedspaceflightin1961andtheApollomoonlandingin1969.CeciliaPayne-GaposchkinWhenCeciliaPayne-GaposchkinbecamethefirstwomantoreceiveaPhDfromHarvard’sRadcliffeCollege,nooneknewhowmuchherdoctoralpaperwouldchangetheworldofscience.Herconclusionthatstarsarecomposedmainlyofhydrogen(氢)andhelium(氢)contradictedthemaintheoryofthetime,andsomeoftheday’sleadingscientistsopenlyquestionedherfindings.Itwouldtakemorethanadecadeforanotherscientisttoreachthesameconclusion.LiseMeitnerLiseMeitnerisoneofonlytwowomentohaveanelementnamedinherhonor—theelementwiththeatomicnumber109iscalledmeitnerium.ShewasthefirstphysicsprofessorinGermanyandthefirstscientisttoincludetheterm“nuclearfission(裂变)”inapublishedpaper.Duringhercareer,shediscoveredwhatcausestheAugerEffect,explainedhownuclearfissionworks,anduncoveredtheelementprotactinium(镤).GraceHopperGraceHopperwasknownforherpioneeringworkinthedevelopmentofcomputerprogramminglanguages.ShebeganhercareerincomputingandworkedontheHarvardMarkIcomputerprogram.Later,shecreatedthefirstprogramthattranslatedcodeintomachinelanguage,andalsodevelopedtheCOBOL(CommonBusiness-OrientedLanguage)programminglanguage.1.WhatwasanobviouscontributionmadebyKatherineJohnson?A.SheobtainedaPhDdegreeatHarvard.B.Sheworkedouttheroutesformajorspacemissions.C.sheclarifiedthemechanismofnuclearfission.D.Shedevelopedaprogramminglanguage.2.Whosefindingrelatedtostarsmetwithresistancefromscientistsatthattime?A.KatherineJohnson’s. B.GraceHopper’s.C.LiseMeitner’s. D.CeciliaPayne-Gaposchkin’s.3.WhatdoLiseMeitnerandGraceHopperhaveincommon?A.Theywerepioneeringintheirrespectivefields.B.TheygraduatedfromHarvard.C.Theyfoundnovelelements.D.Theywereengagedincomputer-relatedwork.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍凯瑟琳等四位杰出女性科学家的专业成就与历史贡献。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OneofKatherine’smostimportantjobswascalculatingthepathofthefirstAmericanmannedspaceflightin1961andtheApollomoonlandingin1969.(凯瑟琳最重要的工作之一是计算1961年美国首次载人航天飞行和1969年阿波罗登月的轨迹。)”可知，凯瑟琳的显著贡献是计算出重大航天任务的飞行轨迹。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Herconclusionthatstarsarecomposedmainlyof

hydrogen(氢)and

helium(氢)contradictedthemaintheoryofthetime,andsomeoftheday’sleadingscientistsopenlyquestionedherfindings.(她提出的恒星主要由氢和氦组成的结论与当时的主流理论相悖，一些顶尖科学家公开质疑她的研究结果。)”可知，塞西莉亚关于恒星构成的发现遭到了当时科学家的质疑和抵制。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ShewasthefirstphysicsprofessorinGermanyandthefirstscientisttoincludetheterm“nuclearfission(裂变)”inapublishedpaper.(她是德国第一位物理学女教授，也是首位在发表论文中使用“核裂变”一词的科学家。)”和第四段中的“GraceHopperwasknownforherpioneeringworkinthedevelopmentofcomputerprogramminglanguages.(格雷斯·霍珀以在计算机编程语言开发方面的开创性工作而闻名。)”可知，莉泽·迈特纳在核物理领域、格雷斯·霍珀在计算机编程领域都做出了开创性贡献，这是两人的共同点。故选A项。BWhenIwasgrowingup,mymomoftensaidthatnomatterwhatgradesIgotinschool,aslongasIdidmybest,she’dbeproudofme.Thensheadded,“Butifyoudidn’tgetanA,I’llknowyoudidn’tdoyourbest.”Shesaiditwithasmile,butItookitseriously:Ishouldn’tsettleforanythinglessthanperfect.MygreatestweaknessisthatI’mtoomuchofaperfectionist.Perfectionismisthedesiretobe100%perfect.Thegoaliszerofaultsandnofailures.Inanincreasinglycompetitiveworld,kidsfacegrowingpressurefromparentstobeperfectandseverecriticismwhentheyfallshort.Everyfaultisablowtotheirself-esteem.I’veliveditmyself.WhenIwonthefifth-gradequizbowlonworldexplorers,Ibeatmyselfupafterwardformissingonequestion.HowcouldIforgetthatthesearoutetoIndiawasdiscoveredbydaGama,butnotMagellan?WhenImadethefinalsofaMortalKombattournamentandwonalifetimepasstoalocalmovietheater,Ididn’tcelebrate.Thirdplaceisthesecondloser.WhenIwonthefirstprizeinamathtest,Iwasdisappointed.Onlya98?Notgoodenough.Therewasalwaysavoiceinthebackofmymindwhisperingthatitwasn’tenoughandthatIcouldhavedonebetter.ItwasduringmycollegeyearsthatIstartedtoquestionthevalueofthisperfectionism.Imetpeoplewhodidn’tseemtobeweigheddownbythesameexpectations,whoacceptedtheirmistakesandsawthemasopportunitiesforgrowthratherthanfailures.Theytaughtmethatitwasokaytobeimperfect,thatitwashumantomakemistakes,andthatsometimes,themostimportantlessonscomefromourfailures.4.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Theauthor’sgratitudetohermother’sencouragement.B.Howtheauthorgotgoodgradesinschool.C.Thedisadvantageofbeingaperfectionist.D.Whytheauthorbecameaperfectionist.5.WhatdetailinParagraphs2and3showstheauthor’sperfectionism?A.Shefeltdisappointedwitha98inhermathtest.B.Shewonthefirstprizeinafifth-gradequizbowl.C.Shegotalifetimepasstoalocalmovietheater.D.Shelearnedaboutexplorersinherschoollessons.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“weigheddown”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Relieved B.Inspired C.Troubled D.protected7.Whichcolumnofamagazinemaythetextbetakenfrom?A.StoriesofGrowth B.ParentingStylesC.PeopleofAchievement D.MentalHealthTips【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小受母亲影响成为一名完美主义者，在成长过程中因追求完美而备受困扰，直到大学时期才开始反思并尝试改变的经历。【4题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段内容，特别是最后一句“MygreatestweaknessisthatI’mtoomuchofaperfectionist.(我最大的弱点就是我是一个完美主义者。)”可知，第一段主要讲述了作者受母亲话语的影响，形成了追求完美的性格，解释了自己成为完美主义者的原因。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“WhenIwonthefirstprizeinamathtest,Iwasdisappointed.Onlya98?Notgoodenough.(当我在数学考试中获得一等奖时，我很失望。只有98分？不够好。)”可知，作者在数学考试中得了98分（一等奖）却依然感到失望，这一细节最能体现她的完美主义倾向。故选A项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Imetpeoplewhodidn’tseemtobeweigheddownbythesameexpectations,whoacceptedtheirmistakesandsawthemasopportunitiesforgrowthratherthanfailures.(我遇到过一些人，他们似乎没有被同样的期望所，能够坦然接受自己的错误，并将其视为成长的机会而非失败。)”以及上下文语境可知，这些人没有被同样的期望所“困扰”。所以划线短语“weigheddown”意为“困扰、压得喘不过气”。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者从一个深受完美主义折磨的孩子，到大学时期开始反思并尝试接纳不完美的个人成长历程。因此，这篇文章最可能出自杂志的“成长故事”栏目。故选A项。CFormostofthetraditionalrestaurants,itischallengingtodealwiththeincreasingnumberofcustomers.ButforLiXianghui’srestaurants,thingsaredifferent.Owningfourrestaurants,Liboughtanumberofcookingmachines,whichcanoperatetirelesslydayandnight.Packedinboxes,alldishesaresemi-finished(半加工的)andcanbeservedwithinminutesaftertheyareputintothemachines.Automation(自动化)isthefutureofthefoodserviceindustry.Itcanreducelaborcostpressureintraditionalrestaurantsandimproveefficiency.Besides,automatedequipmentfollowscertainsetprocesses,whichcanmakesureofthesametasteforeachorder.Thecookingmachinecanmakeabout2,000recipes,accordingtoLi.Onceseated,customersscanaQRcode(二维码)anduseanapptomaketheirmealselectionandpay.Withtheonlywaiterputtingthesemi-finishedfoodkitintothemachine,themealwillbeservedinminutes.What’sworthmentioningisthattherobot“cook”hasattractedanincreasingnumberofcustomerssincetherestaurant’sopening,asmanycustomerssaythetasteisgoodandthepriceisnotexpensive.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofCambridgehavetrainedtheirrobot“cook”tomakeajudgementaboutthesaltinessofadishatdifferentstagesofthechewingprocess,likeasimilarprocessinhumans,accordingtotheirresearchpublishedinthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAI.Theirresultscouldbeusefulinthedevelopmentofautomatedorsemi-automatedfoodpreparationbyhelpingrobotstolearnwhattastesgoodandwhatdoesn’t,makingthembetter“cooks”.“Ifrobotsaretobeusedforcertainaspectsoffoodpreparation,it’simportantthattheyareableto‘taste’whatthey’recooking,”saidGrzegorzSochacki,thepaper’sfirstauthor.8.Whatisthemainproblemtraditionalrestaurantsface?A.Theyhavetoofewcookingmachines.B.Theystruggletohandlemorecustomers.C.Theycan’tservesemi-finishedfood.D.TheyhavenoQRcodeforordering.9.Whycancookingmachinesensurethesametasteforeachorder?A.Theyfollowastandardizedprocess.B.Theycanmake2,000differentrecipes.C.Theyareoperatedbyprofessionalwaiters.D.Theyusehigh-qualitysemi-finishedfood.10.WhatdomanycustomersthinkofLi’srestaurant?A.Thefoodistastyandcheap. B.Theserviceisveryslow.C.TheQRcodeishardtoscan. D.Therobotcookisnotsmart.11.WhatdidCambridgeUniversityresearcherstraintherobotcooktodo?A.Makesemi-finishedfoodkitsquickly.B.Judgethesaltinessofadishwhenchewing.C.Choosethebestrecipesforcustomers.D.Cleanthecookingmachinesautomatically.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍自动化烹饪设备在餐饮行业的应用优势，以及剑桥大学相关机器人厨师的味觉判断研究进展。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Formostofthetraditionalrestaurants,itischallengingtodealwiththeincreasingnumberofcustomers.(对于大多数传统餐厅来说，应对日益增多的顾客是一项挑战。)”可知，传统餐厅面临的主要问题是难以接待更多顾客。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Besides,automatedequipmentfollowscertainsetprocesses,whichcanmakesureofthesametasteforeachorder.(此外，自动化设备遵循特定的既定流程，这能确保每份订单的菜品口味一致。)”可知，烹饪机能保证每份菜品口味相同的原因是它们遵循标准化流程。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What’sworthmentioningisthattherobot“cook”hasattractedanincreasingnumberofcustomerssincetherestaurant’sopening,asmanycustomerssaythetasteisgoodandthepriceisnotexpensive.(值得一提的是，自从餐厅开业以来，这位机器人“厨师”吸引了越来越多的顾客，因为很多顾客都说这里的菜味道不错，价格也不贵。)”可知，许多顾客认为李先生的餐厅食物美味且价格实惠。故选A项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofCambridgehavetrainedtheirrobot“cook”tomakeajudgementaboutthesaltinessofadishatdifferentstagesofthechewingprocess,likeasimilarprocessinhumans,accordingtotheirresearchpublishedinthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAI.(根据发表在《机器人与人工智能前沿》期刊上的研究，剑桥大学的研究人员训练他们的机器人“厨师”，使其能够像人类一样，在咀嚼过程的不同阶段判断一道菜的咸度。)”可知，剑桥大学的研究人员训练机器人厨师在咀嚼过程中判断菜品的咸度。故选B项。DWhenwethinkaboutwhatmakeshumansunique,agoodsenseofhumorisoftenhighonthelist.Laughterandplayfulteasingseemliketraitsonlywepossess.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatanimals—particularlygreatapes—mayalsoengageinbehaviorthatresembleshumor.Astudyledbyprimatologist(灵长类动物学家)IsabelleLaumerattheMaxPlanckInstituterevealsfascinatinginsights.“Wedocumentedyoungapesdeliberatelysneakinguptohitadults,thenwaitingexpectantlyforareaction,”Laumerexplains.“Thisisn’trandomplay—itmeetsallthecriteriaofintentionalteasing.”Over75hoursofvideorecordingsshowedthisbehaviormirrorshowhumanchildrenjoke:repetitive,surprising,andaimedatseekingresponses.Theresearchersnotedthattheapesevenpausedtowatchfortheadult’sreaction,muchlikeachildwaitingtoseeiftheirjokelanded.Buthumorinanimalsmaynotbelimitedtoapes.Dogownersoftennoticetheirpetsmakingbreathy,snortingsoundsduringplay,whichsomescientistsinterpretaslaughter.Ina2025study,researchersfoundthatplayingthesesoundstoshelterdogsreducedtheirstresslevels.Similarly,dolphinsemitjoyfulsoundsduringplay-fighting,elephantstrumpetexcitedlywhenplaying,andsomeparrotsteaseotheranimals—likeconfusingdogswithwhistles—justforfun.Whymightanimalsexhibithumor?Inhumans,laughterstrengthenssocialconnectionsandeasestension.Scientistsarguethatplayfulteasinginapesor“laughter”indogscouldserveasimilarpurpose—breakingtheiceandreinforcingrelationships.Someresearchersbelievethesebehaviorsmayhaveevolved(进化)tohelpanimalsmanagecomplexsocialranksorreduceconflict.However,Laumercautionsthatmoreresearchisneededtoconfirmthistheory,asobservinghumorinanimalsremainschallenging.Whilewemayneverknowifanimalsunderstandpunchlines,theirbehaviorshintathumor’sdeepevolutionaryroots.AsLaumerreflects:“Thelinebetweenhumanandanimallaughterisn’tassharpaswethought.”12.WhatdidLaumer’sstudyfindaboutyoungapes?A.Theyenjoyintentionalteasingtowardsadults.B.Theyoftenfightingroupstoseekprotection.C.Theyuserandomplaytoattractadults’attention.D.Theylearnteasingskillsfromhumanchildren.13.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3aboutanimal“humor”?A.Itonlyexistsinprimateslikeapesanddolphins.B.Playfulsoundshelpsomeanimalsrelieveemotionalstress.C.Elephantsuseconfusingwhistlestojokewithotheranimals.D.AnimalhumorhasNOconnectionwiththeirsociallives.14.WhatisLaumer’sattitudetowardsthetheoryofanimalhumorevolution?A.Fullysupportive B.DoubtfullynegativeC.Cautiouslyoptimistic D.completelyunconcerned15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Humansandanimalssharethesamesenseofhumor.B.Researchshowsanimalsmaypossesshumorousbehaviors.C.Apesaretheonlyanimalsthatcanshowintentionalteasing.D.Theevolutionofanimalhumorhasbeenfullyconfirmedbystudies.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现动物（特别是类人猿、狗、海豚等）可能也会表现出类似幽默的行为，以及这种行为背后的潜在原因和科学家对此的态度。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的““Wedocumentedyoungapesdeliberatelysneakinguptohitadults,thenwaitingexpectantlyforareaction,”Laumerexplains.“Thisisn’trandomplay—itmeetsallthecriteriaofintentionalteasing.”(Laumer解释说：“我们记录了年轻的猿类故意偷偷接近并击打成年猿，然后期待地等待反应。”“这不是随机的玩耍——它符合有意戏弄的所有标准。”)可知，Laumer的研究发现年轻的猿类喜欢对成年猿进行有意的戏弄。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ina2025study,researchersfoundthatplayingthesesoundstoshelterdogsreducedtheirstresslevels.(在2025年的一项研究中，研究人员发现，向收容所的狗播放这些声音降低了它们的压力水平。)”可推知，玩耍时的声音有助于一些动物缓解情绪压力。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However,Laumercautionsthatmoreresearchisneededtoconfirmthistheory,asobservinghumorinanimalsremainschallenging.(然而，Laumer警告说，需要更多的研究来证实这一理论，因为观察动物的幽默仍然具有挑战性。)”可知，Laumer对于动物幽默进化理论持谨慎态度，认为需要更多研究来证实，这属于谨慎乐观（Cautiouslyoptimistic）的态度，既没有完全否定也没有盲目支持。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段中的“However,recentresearchsuggeststhatanimals—particularlygreatapes—mayalsoengageinbehaviorthatresembleshumor.(然而，最近的研究表明，动物——特别是类人猿——可能也会做出类似幽默的行为。)”以及下文对相关研究的介绍可知，本文主要讲述了研究表明动物可能拥有类似幽默的行为。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyoufeelingdepressedaboutyourinabilitytosticktoaroutine?You’renotalone.____16____Thislackofconsistencycanleadtofeelingsofdepressionandself-doubt.Herearesomestrategiestohelpyoucreateandsticktodailyroutinestomanagedepression.•SetatinyhabitWhenyou’refeelingdepressed,eventhesimplesttaskscanseemchallenging.____17____Forexample,committomakingyourbedeverymorningorgoingfora5-minutewalk.Thesesmallwinscanprovideasenseofachievementandgraduallyincreasemotivation.•____18____Selecthabitsthatstrengthenpositiveemotionsandactions.Forinstance,ifexerciseisapartofyourroutine,pairitwithlisteningtoupliftingmusic.Byconnectingyourhabitswithpositiveexperiences,youaremorelikelytofeelmotivatedandfinditeasiertosticktoyourroutine.•Doonething.Onparticularlydifficultdays,itmightbechallengingtocompleteyourentireroutine.Instead,focusondoingoneactivityfromyourroutineeachday.____19____•Createahabitplan.Developingadetailedplanforyourroutinecanhelpprovideasenseofdirection.Startbybreakingyourroutinedownintosmallerandmanageabletasks.____20____Havingaclearplanandstructureinplacecanhelpmakeiteasiertofollowthrough,evenduringperiodsofdepression.A.Havefunwithit.B.Countlessindividualsstruggletomaintainconsistenthabitsandroutines.C.Thiscanhelpyoupreventfeelingsoffailureorguilt.D.Startbysettinganeasyhabitthatdoesn’trequiremucheffort.E.Next,findspecifictimesforeachactivity.F.ProductivityappssuchasFocusBear’shabitroutinecanhelpwiththat.G.Choosehabitsthatsupporteachother.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.C20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍四种帮助抑郁人群建立并坚持日常习惯的策略，助力缓解抑郁情绪、提升行动力。【16题详析】根据前文“Areyoufeelingdepressedaboutyourinabilitytosticktoaroutine?You’renotalone.(你是否因为无法坚持日常习惯而感到沮丧？你并不是一个人。)”和后文“Thislackofconsistencycanleadtofeelingsofdepressionandself-doubt.(这种缺乏持续性的状态会导致抑郁和自我怀疑的情绪。)”可知，此空应说明很多人都有难以坚持习惯的困扰，B选项“Countlessindividualsstruggletomaintainconsistenthabitsandroutines(无数人都在为坚持规律的习惯和日常安排而挣扎)”中的“struggletomaintainconsistenthabitsandroutines”呼应前文“inabilitytosticktoaroutine”，承接“你不是一个人”的表述，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】根据本段小标题“Setatinyhabit(培养一个微小的习惯)”和前文“Whenyou’refeelingdepressed,eventhesimplesttaskscanseemchallenging.(当你感到抑郁时，即使是最简单的任务也会显得很有挑战性。)”以及后文“Forexample,committomakingyourbedeverymorningorgoingfora5-minutewalk.(例如，坚持每天早上整理床铺或者散步5分钟。)”可知，此空应建议从无需费力的简单习惯开始，D选项“Startbysettinganeasyhabitthatdoesn’trequiremucheffort(从培养一个不费力的简单习惯开始)”中的“aneasyhabitthatdoesn’trequiremucheffort”对应后文的具体例子，契合小标题“微小习惯”的核心，符合语境。故选D项。【18题详析】分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落小标题结构一致，为祈使句。根据后文“Selecthabitsthatstrengthenpositiveemotionsandactions.Forinstance,ifexerciseisapartofyourroutine,pairitwithlisteningtoupliftingmusic.(选择那些能强化积极情绪和行为的习惯。例如，如果锻炼是你日常的一部分，那就搭配着听一些振奋人心的音乐。)”可知，本段核心是选择能相互促进的习惯，G选项“Choosehabitsthatsupporteachother(选择相互支持的习惯)”为祈使句，且概括了本段“习惯搭配、相互助力”的主题，符合语境。故选G项。【19题详析】根据本段小标题“Doonething(只做一件事)”和前文“Onparticularlydifficultdays,itmightbechallengingtocompleteyourentireroutine.Instead,focusondoingoneactivityfromyourroutineeachday.(在情绪特别低落的日子里，完成整个日常安排可能很困难。相反，每天专注于完成日常安排中的一件事。)”可知，此空应说明这种做法的好处，C选项“Thiscanhelpyoupreventfeelingsoffailureorguilt(这能帮助你避免产生失败感或内疚感)”中的“This”指代前文“每天只做一件事”的策略，解释了该方法的积极作用，符合语境。故选C项。【20题详析】根据本段小标题“Createahabitplan(制定一个习惯计划)”和前文“Startbybreakingyourroutinedownintosmallerandmanageabletasks.(首先把你的日常安排分解成更小的、可完成的任务。)”可知，此空应讲述制定计划的下一步骤，E选项“Next,findspecifictimesforeachactivity(接下来，为每一项活动安排具体的时间)”中的“Next”承接前文的“Startby”，按照步骤推进习惯计划的制定，符合语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ThefirstplaneImadewasafailure.Atsix,IsatonthefloorwatchingDadpackhisflightbag.“Tryagain.Don’t____21____,Captain,”hesaid,leavingfreshpaperbesidemypoorly-folded____22____.Fortwelveyears,Dadwasawayonflightmissions.Hishomevisitswere____23____seasons—unpredictablebutbringingspecialgifts:nottoys,butflightlogs(日志)ofstormsandsunshine;notpostcards,butmaps____24____hisplane’sroutes.Thesegiftsfilledmewithwonderandadeep____25____toflylikehim.Attwelve,Ibuiltmyfirstflightmodel.Ittookthreemonthsandseventeenfailed____26____.ThenightIfinished,Momfilmedme____27____ittoDadviavideocall.Dadpointedoutdesignissuesand____28____metoimprovefurther.“Flightneedsgreat____29____it’samatteroflifeanddeath,”hesaid.Highschoolwasmyrunwaytothedream.Whileclassmatespartied,Istudiedinthelibrary_____30_____;whiletheyslept,Iexercisedearly.Eachtestpassedandeachmodelbuilt_____31_____meclosertomydream.ThePilotAcademy’sacceptanceletterarrivedonDad’sretirementday.Butrealchallengesonly_____32_____.Thetrainingwasso_____33_____thatIwantedtoquit.Dadsaid,“Isurvivedtoughertrainingsandnever_____34_____givingup.”Yearslater,Isatinthecockpit(驾驶舱)asafirstofficer.Dadwasapassenger.Mid-journey,hestoodbehindme,handonmyshoulderasI_____35_____theplanethroughclouds.“Goodjob,son,”hesaid.Irealizedthelittlepaperplanehadtrulyclimbedtothehighsky.21.A.hesitate B.quit C.forget D.regret22.A.plane B.plan C.idea D.tool23.A.like B.with C.for D.against24.A.changing B.hiding C.showing D.blocking25.A.fear B.doubt C.curiosity D.longing26.A.tests B.attempts C.choices D.decisions27.A.presenting B.selling C.returning D.describing28.A.allowed B.forced C.encouraged D.begged29.A.speed B.accuracy C.courage D.patience30.A.occasionally B.casually C.secretly D.constantly31.A.borrowed B.led C.brought D.took32.A.ended B.paused C.started D.faded33.A.demanding B.interesting C.exciting D.relaxing34.A.enjoyed B.considered C.avoided D.admitted35.A.followed B.controlled C.watched D.searched【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.C33.A34.B35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者受飞行员父亲的影响，坚持逐梦，最终成为副驾驶实现飞行梦想的励志故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“再试一次。别放弃，机长。”他说着，在我折得歪歪扭扭的纸飞机旁放了一张新纸。A.hesitate犹豫；B.quit放弃；C.forget忘记；D.regret后悔。根据前文“ThefirstplaneImadewasafailure”以及“Tryagain”可知，父亲让作者不要“放弃”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“再试一次。别放弃，机长。”他说着，在我折得歪歪扭扭的纸飞机旁放了一张新纸。A.plane飞机；B.plan计划；C.idea想法；D.tool工具。根据前文“ThefirstplaneImadewasafailure”可知，作者折的是纸“飞机”。故选A项。【23题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他的回家探访就像四季一样——难以预测，却会带来特别的礼物。A.like像；B.with和；C.for为了；D.against反对。根据后文“unpredictablebutbringingspecialgifts”以及“seasons”可知，父亲的回家探访“像”四季一样变幻不定。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不是玩具，而是记录着风雨和晴天的飞行日志；不是明信片，而是标注着他飞行路线的地图。A.changing改变；B.hiding隐藏；C.showing标注、展示；D.blocking阻挡。根据后文“hisplane’sroutes”可知，地图的作用是“标注”飞行路线。故选C项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些礼物让我充满了好奇，也让我深深渴望能像他一样飞行。A.fear恐惧；B.doubt怀疑；C.curiosity好奇心；D.longing渴望。根据前文“filledmewithwonder”以及后文“toflylikehim”可知，作者对飞行满怀“渴望”。故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了三个月时间，经历了十七次失败的尝试。A.tests测试；B.attempts尝试；C.choices选择；D.decisions决定。根据前文“builtmyfirstflightmodel”以及“seventeenfailed”可知，作者制作飞机模型经历了十七次失败的“尝试”。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：完成模型的那天晚上，妈妈拍下了我通过视频电话向爸爸展示模型的样子。A.presenting展示；B.selling售卖；C.returning归还；D.describing描述。根据前文“ThenightIfinished”以及后文“viavideocall”可知，作者是向父亲“展示”自己的作品。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸指出了设计上的问题，并鼓励我进一步改进。A.allowed允许；B.forced强迫；C.encouraged鼓励；D.begged恳求。根据前文“pointedoutdesignissues”以及后文“toimprovefurther”可知，父亲是“鼓励”作者改进模型。故选C项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“飞行需要极高的精准度，这是一件生死攸关的事。”他说。A.speed速度；B.accuracy精准度；C.courage勇气；D.patience耐心。根据后文“it’samatteroflifeanddeath”可知，这是一件生死攸关的事，由此可知，飞行需要极高的“精准度”。故选B项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同学们聚会时，我一直在图书馆学习。A.occasionally偶尔；B.casually随意地；C.secretly秘密地；D.constantly持续地、一直。根据前文“Highschoolwasmyrunwaytothedream”以及后文“whiletheyslept,Iexercisedearly”可知，作者“一直”在为梦想努力。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每通过一次测试，每制作一个模型，都让我离梦想更近一步。A.borrowed借；B.led带领；C.brought使……靠近；D.took带走。根据前文“Eachtestpassedandeachmodelbuilt”以及后文“closertomydream”可知，这些努力让作者离梦想更近，固定搭配“bringsb.closerto”表示“使某人更接近……”。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但真正的挑战才刚刚开始。A.ended结束；B.paused暂停；C.started开始；D.faded褪色。根据前文“ThePilotAcademy’sacceptanceletterarrived”以及后文“Thetrainingwasso________thatIwantedtoquit.”可知，真正的挑战才“开始”。故选C项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：训练要求太高了，我都想放弃了。A.demanding要求高的；B.interesting有趣的；C.exciting令人兴奋的；D.relaxing放松的。根据后文“thatIwantedtoquit”可知，飞行员的训练非常“要求高的”，所以作者想放弃。故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸说：“我经历过更严酷的训练，从来没有考虑过放弃。”A.enjoyed享受；B.considered考虑；C.avoided避免；D.admitted承认。根据前文“Isurvivedtoughertrainings”可知，父亲从未“考虑过”放弃飞行，固定搭配“considerdoingsth.”表示“考虑做某事”。故选B项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞行途中，我操控着飞机穿过云层时，爸爸站在我身后，手搭在我的肩膀上。A.followed跟随；B.controlled操控；C.watched观看；D.searched搜寻。根据前文“Yearslater,Isatinthecockpit(驾驶舱)asafirstofficer.”可知，作者是在“操控”飞机飞行。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。Inrecentyears,foodhas____36____(obvious)becomeanewhotspot(热点)forChinesecitiestoattracttourists.FollowingZiboandHarbin,Tianshui,____37____ancientcityinNorthwestChina’sGansuProvince,becamethe____38____(hot)touristsdestinationof2024becauseofmalatang,alocalstreetdish.Malatang,literally(字面上地)meaning“numbing(麻的),spicy,andhot”inChinese,isacommonstreetfoodthatcan____39____(find)alloverChina,butitstastesdifferdepending____40____theregion(地区).InTianshui,malatangisamixoffresh____41____(vegetable)andmeatboiledinahot,spicychickensoup.Tianshuiwentviral(走红)whenastudent____42____(post)aseven-secondvideoinFebruaryonhersocialmedia.Inthevideo,shesuggested____43____(make)Gansumalatanganationaldish.Thevideo,____44____quicklyreceivedmillionsoflikesonline,attractedfoodloverstothecity_____45_____(experience)thislocaldishfirsthand.MalatangalsohelpsattractmorevisitstokeyattractionsinTianshui,suchasMaijishanGrottoesandFuxiTemple.【答案】36.obviously37.an38.hottest39.befound40.on##upon41.vegetables42.posted43.making44.which45.toexperience【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来美食成为中国城市吸引游客的新热点，继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地，并阐述了天水麻辣烫的特色以及天水因麻辣烫走红的原因。【36题详析】考查副词。句意：近年来，美食显然已成为中国城市吸引游客的新热点。空处修饰动词become，需用副词形式，obvious的副词是obviously，符合语境。故填obviously。【37题详析】考查冠词。句意：继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水，因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地。city为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一座古城”，ancient发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an，符合语境。故填an。【38题详析】考查形容词最高级。句意：继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水，因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地。根据定冠词the以及语境“2024年（范围内）最热门的”可知，此处需用形容词hot的最高级形式hottest，符合语境。故填hottest。【39题详析】考查被动语态。句意：麻辣烫，在中文里字面意思是“麻、辣、烫”，是一种在中国随处可见的常见街头小吃，但不同地区的口味有所不同。that引导定语从句，先行词是acommonstreetfood，与find之间是被动关系，情态动词can后接be+过去分词构成被动语态，find的过去分词是found，符合语境。故填befound。【40题详析】考查介词。句意：麻辣烫，在中文里字面意思是“麻、辣、烫”，是一种在中国随处可见的常见街头小吃，但不同地区的口味有所不同。dependon/upon为固定短语，意为“取决于；依靠”。故填on/upon。【41题详析】考查名词复数。句意：在天水，麻辣烫是将新鲜的蔬菜和肉类在辛辣的鸡汤中煮熟而成的。vegetable为可数名词，此处表示泛指“新鲜的蔬菜”，需用复数形式vegetables，符合语境。故填vegetables。【42题详析】考查动词时态。句意：今年2月，一名学生在社交媒体上发布了一段7秒的视频，天水因此走红。根据时间状语inFebruary以及语境可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，post的过去式是posted，符合语境。故填posted。【43题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在视频中，她建议将甘肃麻辣烫打造成国菜。suggestdoingsth.为固定用法，意为“建议做某事”，空处需填动名词形式making，符合语境。故填making。【44题详析】考查定语从句。句意：这段视频在网上迅速获得了数百万个赞，吸引了美食爱好者前往该市亲身体验这道当地美食。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Thevideo，指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。【45题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这段视频在网上迅速获得了数百万个赞，吸引了美食爱好者前往该市亲身体验这道当地美食。attractsb.todosth.为固定用法，意为“吸引某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式toexperience作宾语补足语。故填toexperience。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，2026年世界中学生排球锦标赛（WorldMiddleSchoolVolleyballChampionship）将在商洛市举办。目前，大赛组委会正在招募志愿者，请你写一封信，申请这个职位。内容包括：(1)写信目的；(2)个人优势；(3)期待录用。注意：(1)写作词数应为80词左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSirorMadam,_______________________________________________________