陕西省渭南市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省渭南市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouarevisitingScotlandforthefirsttimeandfindyourselfalittleshortoftime,ourtravelagencyhasplannedjustthetripforyou.ThistravelplanwilltakeyouonajourneythroughsomefamousScottishstops.Day1There’splentytoseeanddoinGlasgow.ThecityisperfectforthestartofyourtripandallowsyoutoexperienceScottishculture.Inaddition,intheforestsandparksaroundLochLomond,youmightspotanimalssuchasdeerlivinginnaturalconditions.TouristscanalsochoosetovisitCulrosstoexploretheancientvillage.Day2TakeadrivealongGlenEtive,aroadthatrunsthroughsomeofScotland’smostbeautifulplaces.HiketothetopofBuachailleEtiveMor,oneofthemostpopularmountainsinScotland.Theviewsfromthemountaintoparesimplyincredible.WewillrestinGlencoeVillageatnight.Day3FromGlencoeVillage,wewilldrivesouthtoStirling,butnotwithoutneedingtostopmultipletimestoseesomeofthecastlesasthisroutegivessomelovelyviewsoverthedistantmountainsoftheSouthernHighlands.Intheevening,we’llarrangelocaldishesinStirlingforyoutoexperiencetraditionalScottishmeals.Day4OncewearriveinEdinburgh,dropoffyourbagsandsetouttoexplorethecity.Ourtravelagencyhasspeciallyarrangedahighlypopularliveperformanceforyou.You’llgettoexperienceScotland’suniqueliteratureastalentedactorsbringclassicScottishdramastolifeonstage.1.Whenmightvisitorsseewildlife?A.OnDay1. B.OnDay2. C.OnDay3.D.OnDay4.2.Wherecanvisitorstastelocalcuisineaccordingtotheplan?A.InGlasgow. B.InStirling. C.InCulross. D.InGlencoeVillage.3.WhichactivityisarrangedbythetravelagencyinEdinburgh?A.Watchingatheatreplay. B.Attendingaliveconcert.C.Visitinganartmuseum. D.Takingpartinalocalfestival.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了旅行社为首次到访苏格兰且时间紧张的游客设计的四日行程，涵盖多地特色景点与活动。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Day1部分中的“Inaddition,intheforestsandparksaroundLochLomond,youmightspotanimalssuchasdeerlivinginnaturalconditions.TouristscanalsochoosetovisitCulrosstoexploretheancientvillage.(此外，在洛蒙德湖周边的森林和公园里，你可能会看到鹿等动物在自然环境中生活。游客也可以选择参观卡尔罗斯，探索这座古老的村庄。)”可知，该内容属于第一天的行程安排，游客可能在第一天看到野生动物。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Day3部分中的“Intheevening,we’llarrangelocaldishesinStirlingforyoutoexperiencetraditionalScottishmeals.(晚上，我们会在斯特林为您安排当地特色菜肴，让您体验传统的苏格兰美食。)”可知，游客可以在斯特林品尝当地美食。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Day4部分中的“Ourtravelagencyhasspeciallyarrangedahighlypopularliveperformanceforyou.You’llgettoexperienceScotland’suniqueliteratureastalentedactorsbringclassicScottishdramastolifeonstage.(我们旅行社为您特别安排了一场非常受欢迎的现场表演。您将有机会体验苏格兰独特的文学魅力，才华横溢的演员们会将经典的苏格兰戏剧搬上舞台，焕发生机。)”可知，旅行社在爱丁堡为游客安排的活动是观看戏剧表演。故选A项。BIneverthoughtbasketballwouldchangemylifeuntilCoachWilsontookoverourstrugglinghighschoolteam.Weweredisorganized,lazy,andknownmoreforourlossesthanourskills.Onhisfirstday,CoachWilsonmadeusrununtilourlegsburned,andwhensomeplayerscomplained,hesimplysaid,“Quitnow,orcommittobeingbetter.”Afewwalkedaway,buttherestofusstayed—maybebecausenoonehadeverexpectedmuchfromusbefore.Ourlegshurt,butwekeptrunning.Forthefirsttime,someonesawwecouldbebetter—andthatmadeuswanttoprovehimright.CoachWilsondidn’tjustcareaboutbasketball.Hemadeuscleanupourlanguageandeventaughtushowtoshakehandsproperly.Heneverletourbadhabitsslide.Overtime,westoppedbeingselfishplayersandstartedbecomingrealteammates—learningtorespecteachother,movetogether,andplayasone.Oneday,afteratiringpractice,hegatheredusaroundandtoldusastory:Amansawabutterflystrugglingtobreakfreefromitscocoon(茧).Feelingsorryforit,hecarefullycutthecocoonopen.Thebutterflycameouteasily—butitswingswereweak,anditcouldneverfly.Thestrugglewasnecessarytomakeitstrong.Thelessonstuck.Slowly,weimproved—notjustasplayers,butasstudents,asteammates,andaspeople.Westartedwinninggames,butmoreimportantly,wecarriedourselvesdifferently.Wefinallymadeittothechampionshipgame.However,inthefourthquarter,somethingunexpectedhappened:mykneetookahit.PainshotupmylegasIhitthefloor.CoachWilsoncametome,hisfaceunreadable.“You’redone,”hesaid,signalingtothebench.“No.”Thebutterfly’swingsflashedinmymind.“Don’t...don’tcutthecocoonopen,”Isaid.CoachWilsonnoddedwithamixofheartacheandprideinhiseyes.Isteppedbackontothecourt.Istillfeltadullpaininmyknee.Yetforthefirsttime,Istoodtaller-asifsomethingpowerfulwasliftingmeup.4.HowdidtheauthorfeelonCoachWilson’sfirstday?A.Excitedbutnervous. B.Angryanddisappointed.C.Challengedbutmotivated. D.Boredandunimpressed.5.HowdidCoachWilsonstrengthenteamunity?A.Bysettingcommongoals. B.Bysharingpersonalstories.C.Byorganizinggroupactivities. D.Bycorrectingplayers’manners.6.Whathappenedtotheauthoratthechampionshipgame?A.Heledhisteamtovictory. B.Heshowedhisgreattalent.C.Hethankedhiscoachsincerely. D.Heplayedondespitetheinjury.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm. B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Smoothseasnevermadeaskilledsailor. D.Thechainisonlyasstrongasitsweakestlink.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一支散漫的球队在威尔逊教练的带领下，历经磨砺改掉陋习、凝聚成团队，并在成长中领悟“磨砺出力量”道理的故事。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Onhisfirstday,CoachWilsonmadeusrununtilourlegsburned,andwhensomeplayerscomplained,hesimplysaid,“Quitnow,orcommittobeingbetter.”Afewwalkedaway,buttherestofusstayed—maybebecausenoonehadeverexpectedmuchfromusbefore.Ourlegshurt,butwekeptrunning.Forthefirsttime,someonesawwecouldbebetter—andthatmadeuswanttoprovehimright.(威尔逊教练上任第一天就让我们一直跑到双腿发烫，有队员抱怨时，他只说了一句：“要么现在放弃，要么下定决心变得更强。”有几个人离开了，但我们其他人留了下来——或许是因为以前从来没人对我们抱有这么高的期望。我们的腿很疼，但还是坚持跑。第一次，有人相信我们可以变得更好——这让我们想要证明他是对的。)”可知，队员们虽然身体疲惫，但教练的期待让他们有了前进的动力，因此他们的感受是疲惫但积极的。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“CoachWilsondidn’tjustcareaboutbasketball.Hemadeuscleanupourlanguageandeventaughtushowtoshakehandsproperly.Heneverletourbadhabitsslide.Overtime,westoppedbeingselfishplayersandstartedbecomingrealteammates—learningtorespecteachother,movetogether,andplayasone.(威尔逊教练不仅关心我们的球技，还在意我们的言行举止。他要求我们不说脏话，甚至教我们如何得体地握手。他从不容忍我们的坏习惯。久而久之，我们不再是只顾自己的球员，而是变成了真正的队友——学会了互相尊重、协同配合、团结作战。)”可知，教练通过纠正队员言行举止、约束坏习惯，让队员摒弃自私，学会团结协作，以此增强团队凝聚力。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Wefinallymadeittothechampionshipgame.However,inthefourthquarter,somethingunexpectedhappened:mykneetookahit.PainshotupmylegasIhitthefloor.CoachWilsoncametome,hisfaceunreadable.“You’redone,”hesaid,signalingtothebench.“No.”Thebutterfly’swingsflashedinmymind.“Don’t...don’tcutthecocoonopen,”Isaid.(我们终于闯进了冠军赛。然而在第四节，我上篮落地时膝盖突然一阵剧痛，摔倒在地。威尔逊教练走到我身边，脸上看不出表情，随后就朝替补席做换人手势。“别换我。”蝴蝶破茧的画面在我脑海中闪过，我说道：“不要……不要剪开那个茧。”)”以及尾段中的“Istillfeltadullpaininmyknee.Yetforthefirsttime,Istoodtaller-asifsomethingpowerfulwasliftingmeup.(我的膝盖依然隐隐作痛。然而这一次，我站得更挺——仿佛有一股强大的力量在托举着我。)”可知，作者在冠军赛中膝盖受伤，但还是选择带伤继续比赛。故选D项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Oneday,afteratiringpractice,hegatheredusaroundandtoldusastory:Amansawabutterflystrugglingtobreakfreefromitscocoon(茧).Feelingsorryforit,hecarefullycutthecocoonopen.Thebutterflycameouteasily—butitswingswereweak,anditcouldneverfly.Thestrugglewasnecessarytomakeitstrong.(一天，在一次疲惫的训练结束后，他把我们召集到一起，讲了一个故事：有个人看见一只蝴蝶正奋力从茧中挣脱出来。他心生怜悯，小心翼翼地把茧剪开。蝴蝶轻而易举地爬了出来——但它的翅膀却软弱无力，永远都无法飞翔了。原来，那段挣扎的过程是它变得强壮所必需的。)”以及全文中球队历经艰苦训练、最终蜕变成长的经历可知，文章核心是想传达“磨砺造就强者”的道理。选项C“平静的大海练不出熟练的水手”与文章主旨一致。故选C项。CLikehumans,lotsofwildanimalsliketospendtimetogetherandsocialize.Lionesses(母狮子)willeattogetherafterhunting,andelephantsusuallyliveinherds(群)ofbetweeneightand100.However,accordingtoacollectionofrecentstudies,thingsaredifferentwhensomeanimalsgetolder.Oneofthesestudieslookedathousesparrows(家麻雀)onLundy,asmallislandoffthecoastofDevon,England.Thestudyfocusedonhousesparrowsbecausetheycanadjusttheirlifestylessuccessfullytosuitdifferentenvironments.Theresearchrevealedthatolderhousesparrowshavesmallersocialcirclesthanyoungerones.DrJamieDunning,whowasinvolvedintheresearch,said,“Itcouldbebecauseolderbirdsdon’tneedtomakefriendsforthesamereasonsthatyoungeronesdo.Intheirearlyyears,thesebirdsdependonregularinteractionstodiscoverreliablefoodsourcesandidentifypotentialthreats.Theseconstantsocialactivitiesserveastheirguidethroughthecomplexitiesofyouth.Olderbirdsalreadyknowthesethings,sotheydon’tneedtosocializeasmuch.Theycanchoosecarefullywhotheyspendtimewith,stickingwiththeirclosefriendsandsavingtheirenergyformoreimportantthings.”AnotherstudylookedataherdofreddeerlivingonRum,aScottishisland.Asthefemalesgotolder,theybecamelesssociable.Thiswasn’tbecausetheydidn’tliketheotherdeer,though.Theresearchshowsthisbehavioractuallyhelpsprotectthemfromgettingsickfromaparticularkindofworm.Thesewormsaresmallcreaturesthatliveoffotheranimals,sometimesmakingthemill.Thedeeraremorelikelytobecomeweakastheygetolder,buttheycanreducetheriskofcomingacrossthewormbyspendinglesstimewithotherdeer.Thecollectionofstudiescoveredlotsofspecies,includingmonkeysandinsects.Overall,itshowedhowaginganimalschangedtheirsocialbehavior,whichaffectedtheirsocialnetworks.Inthefuture,scientistswillexaminehowtheobservedpatternsofsocialbehaviorchangesinaginganimalsmightrelatetosimilarprocessesinpeople.Theresearchmayleadtonewapproachestosupportingelderlypopulationsbyunderstandingwhenreducedsociabilityrepresentsnormaladaptationandwheninterventionmightbebeneficial.8.Whydidresearcherschoosehousesparrowsassubjects?A.Theyhaveashortlifecycle. B.Theyhaveastablepopulation.C.Theyshowgreatadaptability. D.Theyliveinaclosedecosystem.9.WhatdidDrJamieDunningimplyabouthousesparrows?A.Theirsocialcircleskeepexpanding.B.Theirsocialcompetitiondeclineswithage.C.Theirsocialactivitiesdependonthelocalenvironment.D.Theirsocialinteractionfrequencyisdeterminedbysurvivalskills.10.Whyareolderreddeerlesssociable?A.Tosaveenergy. B.Tosecurefoodsources.C.Topreventinfectiousdiseases. D.Toavoidconflictswithyoungerdeer.11.Whatwillscientistsfocusonnext?A.Exploringhumanapplications. B.Includingdiversebirdspecies.C.Trackinganimalagingprocesses. D.Protectingoldanimals.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了两项针对家麻雀和马鹿的研究，揭示了野生动物随着年龄增长社交圈会缩小的现象及背后原因，并指出未来研究将探索该现象与人类衰老过程的关联，为老年人群照护提供新思路。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thestudyfocusedonhousesparrowsbecausetheycanadjusttheirlifestylessuccessfullytosuitdifferentenvironments.(这项研究以家麻雀为研究对象，因为它们能够成功地调整自己的生活方式以适应不同的环境。)”可知，研究人员选择家麻雀作为研究对象是因为它们具有很强的适应性。故选C项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Itcouldbebecauseolderbirdsdon’tneedtomakefriendsforthesamereasonsthatyoungeronesdo.Intheirearlyyears,thesebirdsdependonregularinteractionstodiscoverreliablefoodsourcesandidentifypotentialthreats.Theseconstantsocialactivitiesserveastheirguidethroughthecomplexitiesofyouth.Olderbirdsalreadyknowthesethings,sotheydon’tneedtosocializeasmuch.Theycanchoosecarefullywhotheyspendtimewith,stickingwiththeirclosefriendsandsavingtheirenergyformoreimportantthings.(这可能是因为年长的鸟类不需要像年幼的鸟类那样出于同样的原因去交朋友。在幼年时期，这些鸟类依靠频繁的互动来发现可靠的食物来源和识别潜在的威胁。这些持续的社交活动是它们在复杂的幼年时期的向导。年长的鸟类已经知道这些事情了，所以它们不需要那么多的社交活动。它们可以精心选择与谁共度时光，只和亲密的朋友待在一起，把精力节省下来用于更重要的事情。)”可知，DrJamieDunning的话表明家麻雀的社交互动频率是生存所需的技能掌握程度决定的。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theresearchshowsthisbehavioractuallyhelpsprotectthemfromgettingsickfromaparticularkindofworm.Thesewormsaresmallcreaturesthatliveoffotheranimals,sometimesmakingthemill.Thedeeraremorelikelytobecomeweakastheygetolder,buttheycanreducetheriskofcomingacrossthewormbyspendinglesstimewithotherdeer.(研究表明，这种行为实际上有助于保护它们免受一种特定蠕虫的感染。这些蠕虫是依靠其他动物生存的小型生物，有时会使这些动物生病。鹿随着年龄增长，身体更有可能变得虚弱，但它们可以通过减少与其他鹿相处的时间来降低遇到这种蠕虫的风险。)”可知，年长的雌性马鹿减少社交，是为了降低接触特定寄生虫的风险，从而预防感染相关疾病。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Inthefuture,scientistswillexaminehowtheobservedpatternsofsocialbehaviorchangesinaginganimalsmightrelatetosimilarprocessesinpeople.Theresearchmayleadtonewapproachestosupportingelderlypopulationsbyunderstandingwhenreducedsociabilityrepresentsnormaladaptationandwheninterventionmightbebeneficial.(未来，科学家们将研究观察到的衰老动物社会行为模式的变化可能与人类类似过程存在何种关联。通过了解社交能力下降何时属于正常适应，何时进行干预可能有益，这项研究或许会催生出支持老年群体的新方法。)”可推知，科学家下一步的研究重点是探索动物衰老的社交行为模式在人类身上的应用，为老年人群照护提供新方法。故选A项。DFoodsthatawakenasenseofnostalgia(怀旧)andcomfortareimportantconsiderationsinpreparedmealsaimedatolderadults,accordingtonewresearch.“Wewanttohelpthepreparedfoodindustryproduceattractive,healthymealsforolderadults,”saidCarolynRoss,aprofessor.“Malnutrition(营养不良)isquiteprevalentinpeopleover60becausefoodmaybeavailable,buttheywon’teatitiftheydon’tlikeit.Wewanttowalkalinewherefoodistasty,convenient,andfullofnutrients.”Inarecentlypublishedpaper,Rossandherteamdevelopeddesirableandnutritiousdairy-richbreakfastsanddessertsforolderadults.Theyasked81people,withanaverageageof71,totastetwobreakfastsandtwodesserts.Scientiststhenaskedaseriesofquestionsaboutthemealsandindividualeatinghabits.Rosssaid,“Weaskedwhatpeoplethoughtaboutwhenitcametofoodandnostalgia.Manyresponsesweretiedtoaperson,liketheirgrandmother’scookies.Ifaproductawakenedmorenostalgia,thenwefoundthattheylikeditmore.”“Studyingfoodnostalgiaisanewerfieldoffoodscience,”Rosssaid,“butexaminingcomfortfoodisabitmoreestablished.”Preferencecanvarywidelyduetoculturaldifferences.Inthisstudy,wheneverpeoplelabeledsomethingasacomfortfood,theylikeditmore.Oneingredientwascommonlyplacedinthecomfortfoodcategory:cheese.“Participants’perceivedcomfortleveldecreasedifwedecreasedtheflavorlevel,”Rosssaid.“Whentheparticipantssaidtherewasn’tenoughcheeseflavorinthemeal,thenthecomfortassociatedwiththemealdecreased.”Theresearchteamalsofoundthatfoodtexture(口感)isimportant,whichisnotanewconclusion.“It’snotonespecifictexturethatmatters;it’savarietyoftextures,”Rosssaid.“Havingadietwithalotoftexturevariety,includingtextureslikecrispy(酥脆的)andhard,alongwithsoftandcreamyfoods,reallystoodout.Forolderadults,whomaynotbeabletoeatthesamehardandcrispyfoodstheyoncecould,keepingasmuchtexturevarietyaspossibleisstillimportant.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prevalent”inparagraph2mean?A.Constant. B.Sudden. C.Common. D.Different.13.Whatmainlyaffectspeople’sfoodchoicesaccordingtothestudy?A.Foodtextures. B.Foodingredients. C.Individualhabits. D.Personalmemories.14.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5?A.Ageinfluencespeople’staste. B.Texturemattersmorethanflavor.C.Lesscheesemakesfoodlesscomforting. D.Comfortfoodislinkedtoasenseofnostalgia.15.WhatmightRossagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Oldpeopleshouldsticktotheirfavoritetexture.B.Avarietyoftexturesmakefoodmoreappealing.C.Oldpeopleshouldavoidhardandcrispytextures.D.Softandcreamytexturesareimportantforpeople.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了针对老年人的预制餐中唤起怀旧和舒适感的食物的重要性及相关研究。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Malnutrition(营养不良)isquiteprevalentinpeopleover60becausefoodmaybeavailable,buttheywon’teatitiftheydon’tlikeit.(营养不良在60岁以上的人群中相当prevalent，因为虽然食物可能唾手可得，但如果他们不喜欢，就不会吃。)”可知，60岁以上的人群中，他们不喜欢吃的食物，他们就不会吃，所以在60岁以上的人群中营养不良很常见，所以prevalent意思是“常见的”。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Weaskedwhatpeoplethoughtaboutwhenitcametofoodandnostalgia.Manyresponsesweretiedtoaperson,liketheirgrandmother’scookies.Ifaproductawakenedmorenostalgia,thenwefoundthattheylikeditmore.(我们问人们在谈到食物和怀旧时会想到什么。许多回答都与一个人有关，比如他们祖母的饼干。如果一个产品唤起了更多的怀旧感，那么我们发现他们更喜欢它。)”可知，根据这项研究，个人记忆主要影响人们的食物选择。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Oneingredientwascommonlyplacedinthecomfortfoodcategory:cheese.“Participants’perceivedcomfortleveldecreasedifwedecreasedtheflavorlevel,”Rosssaid.“Whentheparticipantssaidtherewasn’tenoughcheeseflavorinthemeal,thenthecomfortassociatedwiththemealdecreased.”(有一种成分通常被归为安慰食品类别：奶酪。“如果我们降低味道水平，参与者感知到的舒适度就会降低，”罗斯说。“当参与者说餐食中奶酪的味道不够时，与餐食相关的舒适度就会降低。”)”可知，奶酪越少，食物就越不令人舒适。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theresearchteamalsofoundthatfoodtexture(口感)isimportant,whichisnotanewconclusion.“It’snotonespecifictexturethatmatters;it’savarietyoftextures,”Rosssaid.“Havingadietwithalotoftexturevariety,includingtextureslikecrispy(酥脆的)andhard,alongwithsoftandcreamyfoods,reallystoodout.Forolderadults,whomaynotbeabletoeatthesamehardandcrispyfoodstheyoncecould,keepingasmuchtexturevarietyaspossibleisstillimportant.”(研究团队还发现，食物的口感也十分重要，这并非一个全新的结论。罗斯说：“关键不在于某一种特定的口感，而在于口感的多样性。饮食中若能包含多种口感，既有酥脆、坚硬的质地，又有柔软、绵密的口感，就会格外受欢迎。对于那些或许无法再享用曾经喜爱的坚硬酥脆食物的老年人而言，尽可能保持饮食的口感多样性依然至关重要。”)”可知，罗斯认为各种各样的口感使食物更有吸引力。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thequote“Everytakeoffisoptional.Everylandingismandatory”isafavoriteinaviationcircles.____16____Pilotscanchoosewhentotakeoff,buttheymustalwayslandsafely.____17____Pilotsacceptextensive(广泛的)trainingtoprepareforanysituation.Theyspendhoursintheclassroomandevenmoreinthecockpit(驾驶舱).Oneofthemostcriticalaspectsofthistrainingislearninghowtotakeoffandlandsafely.Takeoffmarksthebeginningofaflight.____18____However,itcanalsobedangerousifnotdonecorrectly.Pilotsmustconsiderkeyfactorslikewindspeed,runwaylength,andtheplane’sweight.Ifsomethinggoeswrong,pilotsaretrainedtostopthetakeoffimmediately.Whilepilotsmayhaveachoicetotakeoff,theymustalwayslandtheplanesafely.Inotherwords,takingoffisjustthebeginningoftheflight.____19____Itisonlywhentheplanehaslandedsafelythatthemissionistrulycompleted.Thequoteisn’tjustaboutaviation.____20____Theyincludebusinessandpersonalrelationships.Inthesecontexts,itmeansthatwhilewemayhavethefreedomtostartsomething,wemustalwaysseeitthroughtocompletion.Justasapilotmustlandtheplanesafely,wemustfinishwhatwestart,evenifitisdifficultorchallenging.A.Pilotscanlandairplanessafely.B.Inaviation,safetyisofprimaryimportance.C.However,landingistheultimategoal.D.Ithasalsobeenappliedtootherareasoflife.E.Itemphasizestheimportanceofsafetyinflying.F.Itisoftenexcitingforbothpilotsandpassengers.G.Itremindsusofthesignificanceoflandingsuccessfully.【答案】16.E17.B18.F19.C20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要解读航空界名言的内涵，强调飞行安全及善始善终的道理，并延伸至生活其他领域。【16题详析】根据空前“Thequote“Everytakeoffisoptional.Everylandingismandatory”isafavoriteinaviationcircles.(“起飞可选，降落必行”这句名言是航空界的至理名言。)”以及空后“Pilotscanchoosewhentotakeoff,buttheymustalwayslandsafely.(飞行员可以选择起飞的时间，但必须确保安全降落。)”可知，此空应点明这句名言的核心意义，E选项“Itemphasizestheimportanceofsafetyinflying.(它强调了飞行安全的重要性。)”中的it指代前文的thequote，且与后文的安全降落相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详析】根据空后“Pilotsacceptextensive(广泛的)trainingtoprepareforanysituation.Theyspendhoursintheclassroomandevenmoreinthecockpit(驾驶舱).Oneofthemostcriticalaspectsofthistrainingislearninghowtotakeoffandlandsafely.(飞行员要接受大量的训练以应对各种情况。他们会在课堂上学习数小时，在驾驶舱的实操时间则更久。这项训练中最关键的内容之一，就是学习如何安全起飞和降落。)”可知，此空应总领后文，突出飞行安全的首要地位，B选项“Inaviation,safetyisofprimaryimportance.(在航空领域，安全是重中之重。)”能准确概括后文内容，符合语境。故选B项。【18题详析】根据空前“Takeoffmarksthebeginningofaflight.(起飞标志着一段飞行的开始。)”以及空后“However,itcanalsobedangerousifnotdonecorrectly.(但如果操作不当，起飞也可能存在危险。)”可知，此空应先说明起飞的积极一面，再与后文的危险形成转折，F选项“Itisoftenexcitingforbothpilotsandpassengers.(起飞对于飞行员和乘客来说通常都是一件令人兴奋的事。)”中的it指代前文的takeoff，且衔接前后文逻辑，符合语境。故选F项。【19题详析】根据空前“Inotherwords,takingoffisjustthebeginningoftheflight.(换句话说，起飞只是飞行的开始。)”以及空后“Itisonlywhentheplanehaslandedsafelythatthemissionistrulycompleted.(只有当飞机安全降落，飞行任务才算真正完成。)”可知，此空应强调降落才是飞行的最终目标，C选项“However,landingistheultimategoal.(然而，降落才是最终的目标。)”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选C项。【20题详析】根据空前“Thequoteisn’tjustaboutaviation.(这句名言的意义不仅仅局限于航空领域。)”以及空后“Theyincludebusinessandpersonalrelationships.(这些领域包括商业活动和人际关系。)”可知，此空应说明这句名言也适用于生活中的其他方面，D选项“Ithasalsobeenappliedtootherareasoflife.(它也被应用到了生活中的其他领域。)”中的it指代前文的thequote，且与后文的具体领域相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhendogFaithwasborn,sheonlyhadtwofullydevelopedlegs,andbothwereonherbackend.The____21____thatFaithencounteredledtoarecommendationthatshebehumanelyeuthanized(使安乐死)to____22____suffering.Insteadof____23____thatdirection,herfamilyusedbuttertoteachthedoghowto____24____.Initially,herfamilyhelpedhermaintainbalancebyfeedingherwithaspoonwhileshestoodonherbacklegs.____25____encouraginghertostandandwalkontwolegs.Theyusedarollerboardtolether____26____howmovementfelt,whicheventuallyledtopushingandjumpingtogetthetreatshewanted.Gradually,Faithbegantodevelopthemusclestrengthandbalanceneededtowalkupright(直立地).Itwasa____27____process,highlyrequiringpatienceand____28____encouragement.Overtime,Faithlearnedtowalkonherown,an____29____thatgainedhersignificantattentionand____30____fromeveryone.SheappearedonvariousTVshowsandbeganvisitingsoldiers.Faithquicklyfoundher____31____inlife.Shewouldvisitmorethan2,300woundedsoldiersworldwidewhilebeingseenbyovertwomilliontroops.Itwasoneofherfavoritethingstodo.Sheworeamilitaryjacketduringthesevisits,whichwouldcausehertobecomevery____32____.ThesoldierswhometFaithwereofteninspiredbyherabilityto____33____.Tothoseovercomingchallengesoftheirown,her____34____servedasareminderthata____35____futurewasstillpossible.21.A.conflicts B.challenges C.diseases D.dangers22.A.bear B.experience C.ignore D.prevent23.A.avoiding B.choosing C.continuing D.blocking24.A.walk B.sit C.roll D.dance25.A.accidentally B.effectively C.rarely D.casually26.A.getusedto B.catchsightof C.putupwith D.payattentionto27.A.rapid B.simple C.natural D.slow28.A.sudden B.constant C.slight D.occasional29.A.attempt B.experiment C.adventure D.achievement30.A.admiration B.forgiveness C.gratitude D.protection31.A.training B.struggling C.beginning D.calling32.A.puzzled B.moved C.excited D.scared33.A.adapt B.learn C.recover D.cooperate34.A.failures B.goals C.outcomes D.difficulties35.A.safer B.longer C.brighter D.healthier【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.B26.A27.D28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.A34.C35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了天生只有两条后腿的小狗Faith在家人帮助下学会直立行走并激励他人的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Faith所遭遇的困境使得有人建议对它实施安乐死，以避免它遭受痛苦。A.conflicts冲突；B.challenges挑战；C.diseases疾病；D.dangers危险。根据上文“WhendogFaithwasborn,sheonlyhadtwofullydevelopedlegs,andbothwereonherbackend.”可知，小狗天生残疾，这是她面临的挑战。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.bear忍受；B.experience经历；C.ignore忽视；D.prevent防止。根据上文“arecommendationthatshebehumanelyeuthanized(使安乐死)to”和下文“suffering”可知，实施安乐死的提议目的是不让小狗承受身体缺陷带来的痛苦。故选D。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家人没有选择那个方向，而是用黄油教这只狗如何走路。A.avoiding避免；B.choosing选择；C.continuing继续；D.blocking阻止。根据下文“herfamilyusedbuttertoteachthedoghowto”可知，家人没有选择让它安乐死这条方案，而是教她走路。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.walk走路；B.sit坐；C.roll滚动；D.dance跳舞。根据下文“encouraginghertostandandwalkontwolegs”可知，家人的目标是教小狗用两条后腿行走。故选A。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有效地鼓励她用两条腿站立和行走。A.accidentally偶然地；B.effectively有效地；C.rarely很少地；D.casually随意地。根据上文“Initially,herfamilyhelpedhermaintainbalancebyfeedingherwithaspoonwhileshestoodonherbacklegs”和下文“Theyusedarollerboardtolether

howmovementfelt,whicheventuallyledtopushingandjumpingtogetthetreatshewanted.”、“Overtime,Faithlearnedtowalkonherown”可知，下文描述家人的具体训练方法，以及最终小狗学会走路的结果，所以家人的方式是有效的。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们用一个滚轮板让她习惯移动的感觉，这最终导致她通过推和跳来得到她想要的食物。A.getusedto习惯于；B.catchsightof看见；C.putupwith忍受；D.payattentionto注意。根据下文“howmovementfelt”可知，滚轮板是辅助工具，目的是让小狗慢慢习惯移动时的身体感受。故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个缓慢的过程，非常需要耐心和不断的鼓励。A.rapid快速的；B.simple简单的；C.natural自然的；D.slow缓慢的。根据下文“highlyrequiringpatience”可知，这个过程非常需要耐心和不断的鼓励，所以这是一个缓慢的过程。故选D。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sudden突然的；B.constant不断的；C.slight轻微的；D.occasional偶然的。根据上文“highlyrequiringpatience”可知，这个过程很难，需要不断的鼓励。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，Faith学会了自己走路，这一成就让她获得了所有人的极大关注和赞赏。A.attempt尝试；B.experiment实验；C.adventure冒险；D.achievement成就。根据上文“Faithlearnedtowalkonherown”可知，学会自己走路是一个成就。故选D。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.admiration钦佩，赞赏；B.forgiveness原谅；C.gratitude感激；D.protection保护。根据上文“Faithlearnedtowalkonherown”可知，小狗凭借毅力学会走路，会得到人们的关注和赞赏。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Faith很快找到了自己的人生使命。A.training训练；B.struggling挣扎；C.beginning开始；D.calling使命。根据下文“Shewouldvisitmorethan2,300woundedsoldiersworldwidewhilebeingseenbyovertwomilliontroops”可知，小狗通过探望伤兵找到了自己的价值和使命。故选D。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在这些访问中穿了一件军装，这让她非常兴奋。A.puzzled困惑的；B.moved感动的；C.excited兴奋的；D.scared害怕的。根据上文“Itwasoneofherfavoritethingstodo.Sheworeamilitaryjacketduringthesevisits,whichwouldcausehertobecomevery”可知，穿军装参与探望活动是小狗喜欢做的事，因此会感到兴奋。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：遇到Faith的士兵们常常被她适应的能力所鼓舞。A.adapt适应；B.learn学习；C.recover恢复；D.cooperate合作。根据上文“Faithlearnedtowalkonherown”可知，小狗能够适应自己的残疾，学会走路，因此士兵们被她适应的能力所鼓舞。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些正在克服自身挑战的人来说，它的成果提醒着他们，光明的未来仍然是可能的。A.failures失败；B.goals目标；C.outcomes成果，结果；D.difficulties困难。根据上文“Faithlearnedtowalkonherown”、“Shewouldvisitmorethan2,300woundedsoldiersworldwidewhilebeingseenbyovertwomilliontroops”、“Tothoseo