2026年上海市春季高考英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2026年上海市春季高考英语试卷I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（10分）ShouldYouTakeYourShoesoffinsidetheHouse？Mybrotherisasticklerforkeepingshoesoffindoors.WhenIvisitedhimrecently，hegesturedat1feetinhorrorwithinminutes."Whatarethose？"heasked."These？"Ireplied，2（point）tomyworntrainers."Iboughtthemlastmonth—""No!"Hecriedout，pushingwornslippersatmeasifI'ddraggedmudontohiscreamcarpet.Thisdividespeopleclearly：therearepeoplelikehim，whohateshoesoncarpets—heoncecleanedhisrugforanhourafteraguest'ssneakertouchedit—becausewearingoutdoorshoesindoors3（break）their"naturalorder."Thentherearepeoplelikeme，whorelyondoormats—theroughkindthatclaimtotrap99%ofdirt，thoughthat'sneverbeenproven.Yet4Ihateit，theshoe﹣offcrowdmightberight.AUniversityofHoustonstudy5（lead）byresearchersfound26.4%ofshoeshavethebacteriathatcausesstomachproblems；a2015studyshowedthat40%ofshoescarrybacteriathatcausefoodpoisoning.Farmboots？A2014studysaysthey'relikelycoatedinE.coli.Thesearen'tthings6（bring）intolivingrooms—especiallynotoneswithcarpetpricierthanmyrent.ButI'mstandingup7myself.Sure，takingoffshoesathomeissomewhatcleaner，butyou'reunlikelytogetilljust8someonewearsshoesindoors；mostsolegermsdryoutfastonsoftsurfaces.Andifyouhavekids—9dashinandoutassoonasthesunshines，dashingfromsandboxtocouchin10seconds—keepingshoesoniswaymorepractical.Plus，dignity：10（few）thingsaresadderthanadultsflamingoingtotielacesinanarrowhallwayatnight，fumblingwhiletheirhostglareslikethey'vecommittedacrime.SectionBDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.（10分）A.comparison；B.competitiveness；C.doubles；D.economical；E.essentially；F.generated；G.guesswork；H.intentionally；I.manual；J.measures；K.scaleTheTransformativeRoleofBigDataCollectionIntoday'shyper﹣connecteddigitalera，bigdatacollectionhasredefinedhowindustriesoperate，innovate，andcompete—shiftingfromoutdatedpracticestodata﹣drivenprecision.Gonearethedayswhenbusinessesreliedon11surveysandsmall﹣scaleobservations，whichoftenrequiredteamstospendweeksdistributingquestionnaires，transcribingresponses，andsiftingthroughinconsistentfeedback.Theselabor﹣intensivemethodsrarelyyieldedcomprehensiveresults，andmoreoftenthannot，devolvedintocostly12ratherthanreliableanalysis：decisionswererootedinhunchesaboutcustomerneeds，nothardevidence.Today，dataisgatheredonanunprecedented13：everyonlineclick，purchase，orsocialmediainteractionleavesadigitaltracethatcanbecapturedinrealtime，aggregatedacrossmillionsofusers，andinterpretedwithadvancedalgorithms.Thevalueliesinhowthisinformationisleveraged：theinsights14fromlargedatasetsdirectlyenhanceacompany's15byrevealingnuancedconsumerpreferences，unaddressedmarketgaps，andhiddenoperationalinefficiencies.Forinstance，whenretailersconducta16ofcustomerbehavioracrossregions—trackingwhichproductssellfastestinurbanvs.ruralareas，orhowseasonaltrendsvarybylocation—theyusequantitative17likepurchasefrequency，averageordervalue，andcustomerretentionratestotailorinventorystockanddynamicpricing.Thesedata﹣backedstrategiesreplacetheintuition﹣basedchoicesthatonceledtooverstockedshelvesormissedsalesopportunities.Insomecases，strategicdatautilizationeven18afirm'sprofitmargins，asitallowsformore19resourceallocationandtargetedmarketing.Whatmakesbigdatatrulyrevolutionaryisitsabilitytoturnscattered，unstructuredinformation—fromsocialmediapoststoappusagepatterns—intoactionablestrategies.Itis20nolongeranichetoolreservedfortechgiantsbutafoundationalelementofmodernbusiness，adoptedbysmallstartupsandmultinationalcorporationsalike.II.ReadingComprehension（15分）Passivevs.ActiveSolarEnergySolarenergy，akeydriverofadecarbonizedfutureandacornerstoneofsustainabledevelopment，hastwomaintypesthatcatertodifferentenergyneeds：passiveandactive.Passivesolarenergy21smartbuildingdesignandmaterialswithhighthermalmass，suchasbrick，concreteandstone，tonaturallycapturesolarthermalenergywithouttheneedformechanicaldevices.Itbelongstothe22ofsolarthermalsystems，focusingonheatratherthanelectricity23，whichmakesitacost﹣effectivesolutionforspaceheatingandtemperatureregulation.Thistypeofenergyisclosely24toarchitecturalplanning—forexample，south﹣facingwindowsareessentialforeffectiveheatcaptureintemperateregions，whileoverhangscanpreventoverheatinginsummer—and25worksbestwhenintegratedintonewconstructionprojectsfromtheinitialdesignphase.For26use，passivesolarsystemscansignificantlyreduceheatingcostsinwinterbystoringsolarheatduringthedayandreleasingitatnight，butit'snot27torelyonthementirelyforyear﹣roundtemperaturecontrol，especiallyinextremeclimateswithharshwintersorscorchingsummers.28solarenergy，bycontrast，usesadvancedtechnologylikephotovoltaicpanelsorsolarthermalcollectorstoactivelyharnesssolarpowerandconvertitintousableenergy.Thistypeis29forbothelectricitygenerationtopowerhouseholdappliancesandwater/spaceheatingfordailyneeds.Whenproperlyinstalledandmaintained，itcan30heavyrelianceonfossilfuelsandutility﹣suppliedenergy，therebyloweringcarbonfootprintsandreducinglong﹣termenergyexpensesforhouseholdsandbusinessesalike.31theiroperationaldifferences，passiveandactivesolarsystemssharethesamecore32：utilizingthesun'sabundantelectromagneticradiationtomeethumanenergydemandsinaneco﹣friendlyway.Passivesystems33heatthroughnaturalprocesseslikeradiation，conductionandconvection，whileactivesystemsusepumpsorfansforefficientheatdistributionandtransfer.Forhomeownersseekinganeco﹣friendly34totraditionalHVACsystemsthatoftenconsumelargeamountsofnon﹣renewableenergy，understandingtheuniquefeaturesandapplicationsofthesetwotypesisvital.Thoseplanningto35anewhomecanseamlesslyintegratepassivesolardesignelements，suchasthermalmasswallsandstrategicwindowplacement，whileexistinghomesmaybenefitmorefromretrofittingactivesolarsystemstoupgradetheirenergyinfrastructure.21.A.consumes B.relieson C.produces D.transforms22.A.category B.function C.process D.standard23.A.challengeB.advantageC.requirement D.output24.A.adapted B.linked C.limited D.opposed25.A.Therefore B.HoweverC.Besides D.Otherwise26.A.experimentalB.industrialC.domestic  D.large﹣scale27.A.complexB.realistic C.expensive D.temporary28.A.Active B.CommonC.Effective D.Rare29.A.absorbB.idealC.releaseD.generate30.A.dropB.cutC.changeD.stabilize31.A.BecauseofB.InadditiontoC.IntermsofD.Regardlessof32.A.principle B.method C.goal D.problem33.A.releaseB.produce C.absorb  D.generate34.A.alternative B.exampleC.replacement D.complement35.A.occupyB.playC.take D.buildSectionB（8分）Don'tpatyourselfonthebackforholdingthatdooropenforastrangerjustyet.Whatwecall"humandecency"isn'texclusivetoourspecies.Bonobos—oftendubbedthe"friendlyhippies"oftheprimateworld，thankstotheirpeacefulandcooperativesocialbehaviors—willhelpstrangersevenwhenthere'snobenefitforthem，DukeUniversityresearchersreportedonNovember7inScientificReports.Thisstrikingfindingchallengesthelong﹣heldideathatkindnesstostrangersisuniquelyhuman，andsuggestssuchaltruisticbehaviormayhaveevolvedinourclosestprimaterelativesbasedontheirspecificsocialneedsandgroupdynamics.Theresearchersalreadyknewbonobosvoluntarilysharefoodwithunfamiliarindividualsoftheirspecies，buttheywantedtodesignamorerigoroustesttoverifywhethertheapeswouldstillofferhelpwhentherewasabsolutelynorewardatstake.TheexperimenttookplaceattheLolayaBonobosanctuaryintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo，awell﹣knownfacilitydedicatedtotheprotectionandstudyoftheseendangeredprimates.Pairsofunfamiliarbonoboswereplacedinadjacentroomsseparatedbyatransparentfence，allowingthemtoseeeachotherclearly.Apieceoffreshapple，ahighlydesirabletreatfortheanimals，washoistedoveroneroom；ifthebonobointheotherroomclimbedupthefenceandpulledadesignatedlever，itcouldtriggerthefruittodrop—butcrucially，theapplewouldfallonlyintothestranger'sroom，withnochanceofthehelpergettingevenasmallbite.Totheresearchers'surprise，asignificantnumberofbonoboschosetoclimbthefenceandtriggerthemechanism，purelytobenefittheunfamiliarindividualnextdoor.Thisresultnotonlyunderminesthenotionofhumanuniquenessinaltruism，butalsohintsatafascinatingevolutionarypattern：aspecies'socialstructure，particularlyitsleveloftoleranceandcooperationamonggroupmembers，maydirectlyshapehowittreatsunfamiliarmembersofitskind.36.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheexperimentdescribed？A.Toconfirmthatbonobossharefoodwiththeirfriends.B.Toprovehumansaretheonlyspeciesthathelpstrangers.C.Toshowbonoboshelpstrangerstogetrewards.D.Totestifbonoboshelpstrangerswithoutgainingbenefits.37.Wheredidtheresearchersconducttheexperiment？A.InalaboratoryatDukeUniversity.B.InaU.S.primatezoo.C.AttheLolayaBonobosanctuaryintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.D.InaEuropeanprimateresearchcenter.38.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheresearchfinding？A.Humankindnessmayhaveevolutionaryrootsinprimates.B.Bonobos'altruisticbehaviorisexactlythesameashumans'.C.Socialneedsdonotaffectprimates'behavior.D.Allprimatesarewillingtoassistunfamiliarpeers.39.Whichjournalpublishedtheresearchresults？A.ScientificReports.B.Nature.C.Science.D.JournalofPrimatology.（6分）ChildreninPittsburghcouldsoonreceivefreebooksaspartofanewprogramlaunchedbyMayorBillPeduto'sadministration.DollyParton，therenownedsinger，isnotsomeonepeopletypicallyassociatewithchildren'sbooks.YetthroughherDollywoodFoundation，sheissettoprovidefreebookstoeveryyoungchildinthecity."Asmanyknow，Dollygrewupinextremepoverty，andshelaterdiscoveredthatherfatherwasfunctionallyilliterate，"JeffConyers，presidentoftheDollywoodFoundation，toldKDKA."Shehasdescribedhimasanincrediblywiseman，whononethelessstruggledgreatlyinlifesimplybecausehecouldnotreadorwrite."Tohonorherfather，PartonfoundedaspecialinitiativecalledtheImaginationLibrary.Witha＄250，000grantfromtheBenterFoundation，PedutowillaskthecitycouncilonTuesdaytoapproveapilotprograminpartnershipwithDollyParton'sImaginationLibrary."Everychildundertheageoffiveinthecityiseligible，"statedDanGilman，Peduto'schiefofstaff."Onceyousignupandverifyyourstatusasacityresident，yourchildwillreceiveafreebookinthemaileverysinglemonthforthenextfiveyears."Conyersaddedthatchildrenfrombirthtoagefive—regardlessoftheirfamily'sincome—cansignuptogetafree，age﹣appropriatebookeachmonth，personallyaddressedtothem."ThefirstbookeverychildgetsisTheLittleEngineThatCould，"Conyersnoted."It'sDolly'sfavorite，andsheoftensayssheseesherselfas'thelittleenginethatdid'."Gilman，afatheroftwoyoungchildrenhimself，emphasizedtheprogram'sbroadervalue："Thisencouragesparentstositdownandreadwiththeirkids.Thatone﹣on﹣oneinteraction—thebondingbetweenparentsandchildren—ispriceless.What'smore，kidswhogrowupwithalibraryofbooksarefarmorelikelytobecomeearlyreaders，andweallknowthelifelongbenefitsthatcomewiththat."Remarkably，DollyParton'sfoundationhasalreadydistributed115millionbooksworldwide.Partonherselfhasalsotakenpartinreadingsessionsforchildren，includingreadingsofMyCoatofManyColors—abookshebothwroteandadaptedintoasong.40.WhydidDollyPartonestablishtheImaginationLibrary？A.Toexpandhercareerbeyondmusic.B.Topaytributetoherfather.C.TocooperatewithPittsburgh'sgovernment.D.Topopularizeherfavoritechildren'sbook.41.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaconditionforjoiningthePittsburghprogram？A.Havingalowfamilyincome.B.BeingaPittsburghresident.C.Havingachildunder5yearsold.D.Completingthesign﹣upprocess.42.WhatdoweknowaboutTheLittleEngineThatCould？A.ItwaswrittenbyDollyParton.B.IttellsthestoryofParton'sfather.C.Itisthefirstbookgiventoprogramparticipants.D.Itisdesignedforprimaryschoolstudents.（8分）Noarchitecturalformdefinesthe20thcenturybetterthantheglassskyscraper.FromManhattantoMoscow，theseglisteningtowersbecamebothapracticalsolutionfordensecitiesandacovetedsymbolofprogress.Eventoday，citieslikeDubaiandShenzhenkeepbuildingglassfacadesatarapidpace—butprominentarchitectsandplannersarenowcriticizingthismaterial'soveruse，adebatethathasgainedurgencyamidglobaleffortstocombatclimatechange.Theyquestionglassstructures'impactonpublicspaces：developersprioritizefloor﹣to﹣ceilingwindows（andthehighrentstheyjustify）fortenants，butwhataboutthebroaderurbancommunity？Morepressingly，glassbuildingsarefarfromsustainable：theytrapheatinsummerandloseitinwinter.Post﹣warglasstechnologyandcheapairconditioningoncemadetheseflawsirrelevant，butrisingenergycosts（bothfinancialandenvironmental）areshiftingattitudes.Manycitieshaveevenstartedrevisingbuildingcodestoimposestricterenergyefficiencystandards，puttingglass﹣heavydesignsundergreaterscrutiny.BritisharchitectKenShuttleworth—whodesignedLondon's"Gherkin"usingglass—nowcallsita"symbolofenergy﹣guzzlingbuildings."With40%ofglobalenergyconsumptionlinkedtobuildings，hearguesarchitectsmustprioritizeefficiency.Whileglasstechnology（coating，doubleglazing）hasimproved，Shuttleworthbelievesit'snotenough："Theglassindustrycan'tpushthermalperformancefurtherrightnow."ThisviewischallengedbyBertrandCazesofGlassforEurope，whocitesinnovationslikebuilding﹣integratedphotovoltaics（BIPV）thatgeneratesolarenergy.Heinsistsarchitectscancreatelow﹣carbonglassbuildingsbycollaboratingwithindustryexperts，addingthatmodernglassproductshavecomealongwayinreducingenvironmentalfootprintswhenusedstrategically.Criticsalsotargetglass'saestheticimpact：reflectedsunlightfromoneLondonskyscraperevenmeltedpartsofanearbycar.ArchitecturecriticJustinDavidsonnotesthatflatglasspanelsmakebuildingslookmonotonous，whilearchitectAlanRitchiearguesthoughtfuldesign（textures，shadowlines）canfixthis—butwarnsagainst"cookie﹣cutter"glassboxesthathomogenizecities，erasingtheuniquecharacterofurbanneighborhoods.Notably，neitherShuttleworthnorRitchierejectsglassentirely；theyadvocaterestraint：combiningglasswithmaterialslikemetalorstone，andusingitonlywhereviewsordaylightmatter.Shuttleworth'srecentprojectusesjust35%glass，pairingitwithinsulatedpanelstocutenergyuse.Thegoal，hesays，istobalancedaylight（criticalforwell﹣being）withcontext："Coveringentirebuildingsinglass，regardlessofneed，simplydoesn'tmakesense."Thismiddlegroundisgainingtraction，withmoredevelopersanddesignersembracingmixed﹣materialfacadesasawaytoblendfunctionality，sustainability，andaestheticappeal.43.Whatisthe"thermalshortcoming"ofglassmentionedinthetext？A.Itblocksnaturallight.B.Itisexpensivetoproduce.C.Ittrapsheatinsummerandlosesheatinwinter.D.Itiseasilydamaged.44.WhatdividesKenShuttleworthandBertrandCazes？A.Whetherglasscanbemademoreenergy﹣efficient.B.Whetherarchitectsshoulduseglassinlandmarkbuildings.C.Whetherglassskyscrapersaresymbolsofprogress.D.WhetherBIPVtechnologyispractical.45.Whatisthesuggestedfuturedirectionforglassinarchitecture？A.Replacingglasswithothermaterialscompletely.B.Usingglassonlyinsmallbuildings.C.Combiningglasswithothermaterialsandusingitselectively.D.Increasingtheuseofglassforbetterviews.46.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext？A.TheRiseofGlassSkyscrapers.B.Glass：ASymbolofModernCities.C.IsGlassStillanInnovativeBuildingMaterial？D.TheEndofGlassArchitecture.SectionCDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.（8分）A.Evenworkstability，oncetiedtoformalattire，isnolongerafactor.B.Whyhastheofficedresscodebecomesorelaxedinrecentyears？C.Howdoemployersreacttothistrend？D.She'snotaloneinlinkingcasualdresstobetterperformance.E.Sheagreesthatformalwearstillhasaplaceincertainindustries.F.Evenclientmeetingsarenowoftenheldincasualsettings.HowCompaniesCanCraftaFlexible，PracticalOfficeDressCodeTheonce﹣rigidofficedresscodeisfading—andtheshiftisreshapinghowwethinkaboutworkculture.Fordecades，suitsandformalattirewereseenasamarkerofprofessionalism.Buttoday，jeans，sneakers，andevenhoodiesarecommoninworkplacesfromstartupstocorporateheadquarters.47Thechangedidn'thappenbyaccident.Youngerworkers，whoprioritizecomfortandself﹣expression，havepushedformorerelaxedstandards."WhenIstartedmyfirstjob，Ifeltawkwardinablazereveryday，"says28﹣year﹣oldmarketingassociateLila."Nowmyteamwearswhatmakesusfeelproductive."Someemployersworrythatcasualdresscouldharmclientperceptions.A2025surveyfound38%ofmanagersbelieveoverlyrelaxedattiremakesteamsseemlesscompetent.48Yetmanycompaniesarerethinkingthis：techgiantGooglehaslongallowedcasualwear，anditsclientsatisfactionratesremainhigh.She'snoticedthatdresscodeflexibilityhasboostedherteam'smorale."Whenpeoplearen'tstressingaboutironingshirts，theyfocusmoreontheirwork，"Lilaexplains.Thisalignswithresearchshowingthatcomfortableemployeesreport22%higherjobengagement.49Inagigeconomywhererolesareoftentemporary，the"uniformofprofessionalism"feelslessrelevant.Freelancersandremoteworkersmaydressupforvideocallsbutstaycasualotherwise—blurringthelinebetweenworkandpersonalstyleentirely.50Evenso，theshiftisn'tuniversal.Financeandlawfirmsstilloftenrequireformalwear，tyingattiretoindustrytraditions.Yetformostworkplaces，therigiddresscodeseemstobeathingofthepast.III.SummaryWriting51．（10分）Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassage.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.IWanttoBeaContentCreatorIn2021，1，000childrenintheUSwereaskedwhattheywouldliketobewhentheygrewup.Inthepast，sportsstar，popstarandastronautwerethemostcommonanswers，butthisisnolongerthecase.Whiletheseoccupationsstillfeaturesignificantly，"contentcreator"，or"influencer"，nowhasaclearlead，withtwenty﹣ninepercentofchildrennamingthisastheirnumber﹣oneambition.Thesefindingsarenotsurprising.Successfulcreatorsearnhugefortune.Socialmediaalsomeasurespopularity：itgivescreatorsprecisenumbersthattellthemexactlyhowpopulartheyare.Forinstance，topcreatorshaveaccumulatedover100millionfollowersandbillionsoflikes.Itseemsthatthebenefitsforbeingacreatorareendless.However，therealitymaynotmatchthefantasy.Justassuccessfulsportsstarsenduretoughearly﹣morningtrainingsessions，creatorsoftenspendhourssittingaloneinfrontofacamera，repeatingthesameactivitiesagainandagain.Andwhiletheyalwaysseempositiveandenergetic，it'simportanttorememberthatappearingtobehappyistheirjob.Asonecreatorputit，"Ifcontentcreationisyourjob，youneedtogetitdoneevenifyoudon'tfeellikedoingit."Corporatesponsorsalsocontrolwhatcreatorsdoandsay—theypayinfluencerstopromotetheirproductsandservices—sowhilesocial﹣mediacreatorsmayseemto"betheirownbosses"，thisisrarelytrue.Likesportsandmusic，socialmediawillremainahobbyformostyoungpeople，andformany，itisaplacewheretheycanmakefriendsandgrowinconfidence.Butwhenhobbiesturnintojobs，thingschange._____IV.TranslationDirections：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish，usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52．（3分）我们在化学实验课上得出的结论与预期不符。（contrary）53．（3分）自古以来，人们通过以茶会友来传递尊重、和谐的理念。（convey）54．（4分）今年的雨季并不让人觉得厌烦，因为雨轻柔飘洒，时下时停，而非暴雨连连。（not...but...）55．（5分）决赛场上，面对对手连珠似炮的提问，她镇定自若，一一应对，赢得了阵阵掌声。（which）V.GuidedWriting56．（25分）Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120﹣150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是启明中学高三学生李明。你校英语报的"体育栏目"正在就下学期拟开设的体育活动课向全校学生征集意见。请你给栏目编辑写一篇征文，内容需包括：（1）从四个备选项中，选择一项你最推荐的活动项目，并说明理由；（2）从四个备选项中，选择一项你最不推荐的活动项目，并说明理由。CALLFORIDEASDearstudents，Tomakeourschoollifemorecolorfulandhelpstudentskeephealthy，theschoolplanstostartanewsportsactivityclassnextterm.Thereareseveraloptionsforyoutochoosefrom：Chess；Streetdancing；Volleyball；KiteFlying.Wewantyouto：•ChooseoneactivityyourecommendtheMOSTandexplainyourreasons；•ChooseoneactivityyourecommendtheLEASTandexplainyourreasons.

2026年上海市春季高考英语试卷I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（10分）ShouldYouTakeYourShoesoffinsidetheHouse？Mybrotherisasticklerforkeepingshoesoffindoors.WhenIvisitedhimrecently，hegesturedat（1）myfeetinhorrorwithinminutes."Whatarethose？"heasked."These？"Ireplied，（2）pointing（point）tomyworntrainers."Iboughtthemlastmonth—""No!"Hecriedout，pushingwornslippersatmeasifI'ddraggedmudontohiscreamcarpet.Thisdividespeopleclearly：therearepeoplelikehim，whohateshoesoncarpets—heoncecleanedhisrugforanhourafteraguest'ssneakertouchedit—becausewearingoutdoorshoesindoors（3）breaks（break）their"naturalorder."Thentherearepeoplelikeme，whorelyondoormats—theroughkindthatclaimtotrap99%ofdirt，thoughthat'sneverbeenproven.Yet（4）though/althoughIhateit，theshoe﹣offcrowdmightberight.AUniversityofHoustonstudy（5）led（lead）byresearchersfound26.4%ofshoeshavethebacteriathatcausesstomachproblems；a2015studyshowedthat40%ofshoescarrybacteriathatcausefoodpoisoning.Farmboots？A2014studysaysthey'relikelycoatedinE.coli.Thesearen'tthings（6）tobebrought（bring）intolivingrooms—especiallynotoneswithcarpetpricierthanmyrent.ButI'mstandingup（7）Formyself.Sure，takingoffshoesathomeissomewhatcleaner，butyou'reunlikelytogetilljust（8）becausesomeonewearsshoesindoors；mostsolegermsdryoutfastonsoftsurfaces.Andifyouhavekids—（9）whodashinandoutassoonasthesunshines，dashingfromsandboxtocouchin10seconds—keepingshoesoniswaymorepractical.Plus，dignity：（10）Fewer（few）thingsaresadderthanadultsflamingoingtotielacesinanarrowhallwayatnight，fumblingwhiletheirhostglareslikethey'vecommittedacrime.【解答】（1）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我最近去拜访他时，没过几分钟他就惊恐地指着我的脚。空处修饰名词feet，需用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填my。（2）考查现在分词。句意："这双？"我指着破旧的运动鞋答道。句子已有谓语replied，空处作伴随状语，主语I与point为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填pointing。（3）考查一般现在时。句意：因为穿着室外鞋进屋会打破他们的"固有习惯"。本句描述客观观点，主语wearingoutdoorshoesindoors为动名词短语，视作单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填breaks。（4）考查连词。句意：尽管我不情愿，但主张进屋脱鞋的人或许是对的。前后分句为让步关系，引导让步状语从句。故填though/although。（5）考查过去分词。句意：休斯顿大学一组研究人员开展的一项研究发现……。空处作后置定语，study与lead为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填led。（6）考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意：这些东西不该被带进客厅。此处为不定式作后置定语，things与bring为被动关系，用不定式的被动形式。故填tobebrought。（7）考查介词。句意：但我要为自己辩解。固定搭配standupfor意为"支持；为……辩护"。故填for。（8）考查连词。句意：仅仅因为有人在室内穿鞋，你并不太可能生病。前后分句为因果关系，引导原因状语从句。故填because。（9）考查定语从句关系代词。句意：如果你有孩子，天一放晴就跑进跑出……。先行词为kids，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语。故填who。（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：没什么事比成年人夜里在狭窄过道里单脚站着系鞋带更狼狈了。由后文than可知此处用形容词比较级。故填Fewer。SectionBDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.（10分）A.comparison；B.competitiveness；C.doubles；D.economical；E.essentially；F.generated；G.guesswork；H.intentionally；I.manual；J.measures；K.scaleTheTransformativeRoleofBigDataCollectionIntoday'shyper﹣connecteddigitalera，bigdatacollectionhasredefinedhowindustriesoperate，innovate，andcompete—shiftingfromoutdatedpracticestodata﹣drivenprecision.Gonearethedayswhenbusinessesreliedon（11）Isurveysandsmall﹣scaleobservations，whichoftenrequiredteamstospendweeksdistributingquestionnaires，transcribingresponses，andsiftingthroughinconsistentfeedback.Theselabor﹣intensivemethodsrarelyyieldedcomprehensiveresults，andmoreoftenthannot，devolvedintocostly（12）Gratherthanreliableanalysis：decisionswererootedinhunchesaboutcustomerneeds，nothardevidence.Today，dataisgatheredonanunprecedented（13）K：everyonlineclick，purchase，orsocialmediainteractionleavesadigitaltracethatcanbecapturedinrealtime，aggregatedacrossmillionsofusers，andinterpretedwithadvancedalgorithms.Thevalueliesinhowthisinformationisleveraged：theinsights（14）Ffromlargedatasetsdirectlyenhanceacompany's（15）Bbyrevealingnuancedconsumerpreferences，unaddressedmarketgaps，andhiddenoperationalinefficiencies.Forinstance，whenretailersconducta（16）Ao