Unit8Lesson4课件-冀教版英语八年级下册

Lesson4Naturaldisastersaredangerous!Unit8Naturaldisasters0102学习目标能够掌握本课时单词、短语和句型。能够了解一些自然灾害的定义、成因和危害及其安全提示。03能够用英语书写一篇关于常见自然灾害的文章。Howdangerouscannaturaldisastersbe?Discussingroups.新课讲授DiscussingLookandpredictLookatthepicturesandguesswhatdisastersthepassagetalksabout.typhoonfloodWildfireTyphoonsarestrongstormswithpowerfulwinds.TheyusuallyoccurintheWesternNorthPacific.Typhoonsformwhenwarmwaterfromtheoceanmeetscertainwindpatterns.Typhoonscanbringheavyrainandhelpcooldownhotsummers.However,theycanbeverydangerousandcausealotofdamage.Duringatyphoon,windspeedscanreachupto252kilometresperhourorevenhigher.Thiscanmaketreesfall,damagebuildings,andcausefloods.Floodsarehugeamountsofwatercoveringanarea.Theyhappenwhenthere’stoomuchrainorwhenriversoverflow.Floodscanhurtalotofpeopleanddestroyfarms,buildings,androads.InChina,oneofthebiggestfloodswasthe1998ChangjiangRiverflood.ThePLAtroopsfoughtagainstthisterriblefloodandprotectedmillionsofpeople.TheysuccessfullykeptmajorcitieslikeWuhansafe.ReadingWildfiresarebig,out-of-controlfires.Theyhappeninnaturalplaceslikeforestsandgrasslands.Theycanbadlyhurtanimals,plants,andtheenvironment.Theyarealsodangeroustopeoplelivingnearby.In2023,Canadaexperiencedmanybigforestfires,affectinganareaofover60,000squarekilometres.Readthepassageandanswersomequestions.1.Wheredotyphoonsoccur?2.Whateffectscantyphoonsbring?3.Whatistheresultofthe1998ChangjiangRiverflood?4.Wheredowildfireshappen?TyphoonsusuallyoccurintheWesternNorthPacific.Theycanbringheavyrainandhelpcooldownhotsummers.Theycanbeverydangerous:strongwinds(upto252kilometresperhourorhigher)canmaketreesfall,damagebuildings,andcausefloods.ThePLAtroopsfoughtagainstthefloodandprotectedmillionsofpeople,successfullykeepingmajorcitieslikeWuhansafe.Wildfireshappeninnaturalplaceslikeforestsandgrasslands.Readthepassageagainandcompletethetable.NaturaldisasterExplanationCauseDamageTyphoonFloodWildfirehumanactivities,lightning,etc.Astrongstormwithpowerfulwinds.Warmwaterfromtheoceanmeetscertainwindpatterns.Heavyrain,strongwinds(upto252km/horhigher),fallentrees,damagedbuildings,floods.Largeamountsofwatercoveringanarea.Toomuchrainorriversoverflowing.Hurtpeople,destroyfarms,buildings,androads.Abig,out-of-controlfire.Badlyhurtanimals,plants,andtheenvironment;dangertopeoplelivingnearby.1.Typhoonsformwhenwarmwaterfromtheoceanmeetscertainwindpatterns.分析结构：这是一个含时间状语从句的复合句。主句结构：Typhoons主语+form谓语，之后是时间状语从句。引导词when表示“当……时”。从句结构：warmwater主语+fromtheocean(介词短语作后置定语，修饰water)+meets谓语+certainwindpatterns宾语。Languagepointswhen引导的时间状语从句的用法：主句为一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时(表示客观规律)。若主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来(主将从现)。还可根据实际语境用过去相关时态。e.g.Plantsgrowfasterwhentheygetenoughsunlightandwater.当植物获得足够阳光和水分时，生长更快。IwillcallyouwhenIarriveatthestation.我到达车站时会给你打电话。Whensheenteredtheroom,hewasreadingabook.当她进入房间时，他正在看书。2.Typhoonscanbringheavyrainandhelpcooldownhotsummers.cooldown(使)温度降低；冷却；冷静下来，既可以指物体降温，也可以指人情绪平复。同义短语：calmdown，侧重情绪冷静。与down相关的短语：cutdown砍倒；削减 turndown调小(音量)；拒绝writedown写下；记下 breakdown(机器)出故障e.g.Afterexercising,it’simportanttocooldownbystretching.运动后，通过拉伸来降温很重要。Thehotsoupneedstocooldownbeforeyoucaneatit.热汤需要冷却后才能喝。3.However,theycanbeverydangerousandcausealotofdamage.damage一词多义(1)作动词时，意为“损害；毁坏”，为及物动词，直接接宾语。(2)作名词时，意为“损害；毁坏；损失”，为不可数名词。常见搭配：causedamageto...对……造成损害sufferdamage遭受损失 repairthedamage修复损害e.g.Theheavyraindamagedmanycropsinthefield.暴雨毁坏了田里的许多庄稼。Thestormcausedseriousdamagetothecoastalvillage.暴风雨给这个沿海村庄造成了严重损害。4.Duringatyphoon,windspeedscanreachupto252kilometresperhourorevenhigher.“reachupto高达”后接具体数字，表示数量、高度、价格等达到某个最大值，相当于“upto”。e.g.Thepriceofthenewphonecanreachupto8,000yuan.这款新手机的价格可高达8000元。Themountainreachesupto3,000metersinheight.这座山高达3000米。5.Floodsarehugeamountsofwatercoveringanarea.amount名词，意为“数量；数额”，theamountof……的数量，后面接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词要使用单数形式。常见搭配：alarge/greatamountof大量的asmallamountof少量的 theleastamountof数量最少的e.g.Alargeamountofwateriswastedeveryday.每天都有大量的水被浪费。Shespentasmallamountofmoneyonthenewbook.她买这本新书花了少量的钱。Hespenttheleastamountoftimepreparingfortheexam.他花最少的时间备考。6.ThePLAtroopsfoughtagainstthisterriblefloodandprotectedmillionsofpeople.fight常用短语：fightagainst后接名词，意为“与……做斗争”fightfor后接抽象名词，意为“为(事业、自由、真理、权利等)而斗争/战斗”fightwith“与………一起对抗”，接表示人或国家的名词；也可意为“和……争吵”fightover意为“为……而争吵/争斗”e.g.Weshouldfightagainstpollutiontoprotecttheenvironment.我们应与污染作斗争来保护环境。Thedoctorsarefightingagainstthediseasedayandnight.医生们日夜与疾病作斗争。Hefoughtwithhisfriendstodefendtheirschool.他和朋友们一起并肩保卫学校。7.TheysuccessfullykeptmajorcitieslikeWuhansafe.辨析：success,succeed,successful与successfullysuccess名词“成功；成就”,是不可数名词，其反义词为failure“失败”；作“成功的事”讲时是可数名词。succeed动词“成功”，succeedindoingsth.意为“成功做某事”。其反义词为fail“失败”。successful形容词“成功的”，由名词success+-ful构成的形容词，besuccessfulin

doingsth.。successfully副词成功地，由形容词successful+-ly构成的副词。e.g.Ihavesuccessinpassingmyexam.=Ihavesucceededinpassingtheexam.=I’msuccessfulinpassingtheexam.=Isuccessfullypassedtheexam.我成功地通过了考试。Thoughhehadfailedthreetimesinthebusinessplan,histeamfinallysucceededinimprovingit—thissuccessfulrevisionnotonlybroughtthemgreatsuccess,butalsoprovedtheycouldcompletethetasksuccessfully.尽管他的商业计划失败了三次，但团队最终成功改进了它——这次成功的修订不仅为他们带来了巨大的成功，也证明了他们能成功完成任务。8.Theycanbadlyhurtanimals,plants,andtheenvironment.badly一词多义：(1)表“程度严重”：用于修饰动词、过去分词。(2)表“迫切地；非常”：相当于“verymuch”，常用于want/need等动词后。相关词汇：比较级worse更糟地最高级worst最糟地 badadj.坏的e.g.Thecarwasbadlydamagedinthetrafficaccident.这辆车在交通事故中受损严重。Shewantstojointheschoolteambadly.她非常想加入校队。RetellingRetellthepassagewiththehelpofthetable.NaturaldisasterExplanationCauseDamageTyphoonFloodWildfirehumanactivities,lightning,etc.Astrongstormwithpowerfulwinds.Warmwaterfromtheoceanmeetscertainwindpatterns.Heavyrain,strongwinds(upto252km/horhigher),fallentrees,damagedbuildings,floods.Largeamountsofwatercoveringanarea.Toomuchrainorriversoverflowing.Hurtpeople,destroyfarms,buildings,androads.Abig,out-of-controlfire.Badlyhurtanimals,plants,andtheenvironment;dangertopeoplelivingnearby.ThinkingLookatthefivenaturaldisasters.Discussingroupsaboutwh