Unit6CrossingCultures单元知识点过关（精讲课件）八年级英语下册（新教材人教版）

Unit6CrossingCultures人教版初中英语单元知识点过关8年级下册CONTENTSCONTENTS重点词汇过关短语识记过关词汇变形过关词汇辨析过关知识点清单重点词汇过关PART

ONE01重点词汇过关重点词汇过关1.Whenwemeetforthefirsttime,weusually_________(握手)witheachotherpolitely.2.Thestudents______(鞠躬)totheteacherswhentheyentertheclassroominJapan.3.Becarefulnotto__________(撞)intotheglassdoor;it’seasytogethurt.4.Heraisedhis__________(拳头)andhitthewallangrily.5.Youshould__________(摩擦)yourhandstogethertowarmthemupincoldweather.6.Thelittleboygavehismomasweet________(吻)onthecheekbeforegoingtobed.7.Mybestfriendgavemeawarm__________(拥抱)whenItoldherthegoodnews.8.Ifelt__________(尴尬的)whenImadeamistakeinfrontofthewholeclass.9.Iwas__________(困惑的)abouttheanswertothedifficultmathproblem.10.Weneedtowear__________(正式的)clotheswhenweattendaweddingparty.重点词汇过关shakehandsbumpfistrubkisshugbowembarrassedconfusedformal重点词汇过关11.It’s______________(粗鲁的)totalkwithyourmouthfulloffood.12.It’s______________(罕见的)toseesnowinsouthernChinainwinter.13.TheIndianpeopleputtheirhandstogetherontheir______(手掌)andsay“namaste”.14.Westernpeopleusuallyusea__________(叉子)andknifetoeatmeals.15.It’simportanttolearnaboutdifferenttable__________

(礼仪)inforeigncountries.16.The____________(令人困惑的)problemmademespendtwohourssolvingit.17.Youshouldusethe__________(恰当的)waytogreetpeopleindifferentcultures.18.Theboyhurthis__________(手肘)whenhefelloffhisbike.19.Pleaseusethe_________(分菜用的)chopstickstotakefoodfromthesharedplates.20.Using__________________(公筷)isagoodhabittokeephealthyduringmeals.rudepalmsforkmannersconfusingproperuncommonelbowservingservingchopsticks21.It’s______________(使人难堪的)whenyouforgetsomeone’snameinaconversation.22.Weshouldrespectdifferent______________(习俗)aroundtheworld.23.Sheworeabeautifulpink_______________(女式衬衫)totheparty.24.Everyonehastherighttokeeptheir_____________

(私人的)lifesecret.25.Myparentshavebeen____________(已婚的)fortwentyyears.26.It’s______________

(不安全的)toswimintheriverwithoutadults’company.27.It’s______________(不合适的)tolaughatothers’mistakes.28.Wecanwear______________(牛仔裤)whenwegooutwithfriendsonweekends.29.Mysisterwill_____________(结婚)herboyfriendnextmonth.30.Weshould_____________(祝贺)ourclassmateswhentheywinacompetition.embarrassingprivateblousecustomsmarriedcongratulatemarryunsafeimproper重点词汇过关jeans31.TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportant_________(传统)festivalinChina.32.____________(首先),weneedtomakeaplanbeforestartingtheproject.33.____________(其次),weshouldprepareallthematerialsweneed.34._________(第三),wemustcheckeverystepcarefullytoavoidmistakes.35.Youshouldbehave____________(得体地)whenyouareinpublicplaces.36.Iamgladto____________(收到)aletterfrommypenpalinCanada.37.Igotagood____________(印象)ofmynewEnglishteacheronthefirstdayofschool.38.Weall____________(欢呼)whenourteamwonthebasketballgame.39.“____________(干杯)!”wesaidtoeachotheratthedinnerparty.40.The____________(主要的)reasonIlikethisbookisthatittellsatouchingstory.traditionFirstlySecondlyThirdlycorrectlyreceiveimpressioncheerCheers重点词汇过关mainPART

TWO02短语识记过关短语中文含义例句shakehands握手Peopleinmanycountriesshakehandswhentheymeetforthefirsttime.bowtosb.向某人鞠躬Japanesepeopleusuallybowtoeachotherwhengreeting.bumpinto撞上；偶然遇见Ibumpedintoanoldfriendonmywaytoschoolthismorning.rubone’shands搓手；摩擦双手Herubbedhishandstogethertokeepwarminthecoldwind.kisssb.onthecheek亲吻某人的脸颊Hergrandmotherkissedheronthecheekbeforesheleft.givesb.ahug给某人一个拥抱Whensheheardthegoodnews,shegavehermomabighug.situpstraight坐直Theteachertoldthestudentstositupstraightinclass.keep…off使不碰到；使避开Keepyourhandsoffthewetpaintonthewall.be/getusedto习惯于I’mgettingusedtothelocalcustomsinthisnewcity.hearfrom收到……的消息/来信Ihaven’theardfrommypenpalinCanadafortwomonths.短语识记过关短语中文含义例句inone’sforties四十多岁Themaninthephotoisinhisfortiesandworksasadoctor.firstly/secondly/thirdly首先/其次/第三Firstly,weneedtomakeaplan;secondly,weshouldpreparematerials.sign-off（书信的）结束语“Yourssincerely”isacommonsign-off

informalletters.servechopsticks（公筷）分菜用筷子Pleaseuseservingchopstickstotakefoodfromthesharedplates.beembarrassedabout对……感到尴尬Shewasembarrassedaboutmakingamistakeinfrontoftheclass.beconfusedabout对……感到困惑Manystudentsareconfusedaboutthenewgrammarrule.berudetosb.对某人粗鲁/无礼It’simpolitetoberudetotheelderly.beuncommontodosth.做某事很罕见/不寻常It’suncommontoseesnowinthissoutherncityinwinter.becuriousabout对……好奇Kidsarealwayscuriousabouttheworldaroundthem.so…that…如此……以至于……TheboxwassoheavythatIcouldn’tcarryitalone.短语识记过关短语中文含义例句unless…除非；如果不Youwon’tpasstheexamunlessyoustudyhard.bepropertodosth.做某事是恰当的It’spropertogreetpeoplewithasmileinmostcultures.inpublic在公共场合Youshouldspeaksoftlyinpublicplaces.getmarried结婚Theygotmarriedinasmallchurchlastspring.congratulatesb.onsth.因某事祝贺某人Wecongratulatedheronwinningthespeechcompetition.keepone’smanners守礼仪/讲礼貌It’simportanttokeepyourmannerswhenvisitingaforeigncountry.tablemanners餐桌礼仪Differentcountrieshavedifferenttablemanners.culturalcustom文化习俗Weshouldrespectdifferentculturalcustomsaroundtheworld.onspecialoccasions在特殊场合Sheonlywearsthisdressonspecialoccasionslikeweddings.beprivateabout对……保密Heisveryprivateabouthispersonallife.短语识记过关短语中文含义例句beunsureabout对……不确定 I’munsureabouthowtogreetpeopleinthisnewculture.makeagoodimpression 留下好印象Beingpolitecanhelpyoumakeagoodimpressiononothers.cheerfor 为……欢呼 Thestudentscheeredfortheirteamduringthebasketballgame.openagift 收到礼物 It’spolitetoopenagiftimmediatelyinsomeWesterncountries.beinformalwith 对……随意beinformalwithyourclosefriends.beunsafetodosth. 做某事不安全It’sunsafetoswimintheriverwithoutalifeguard.beimpropertodosth. 做某事不合适It’simpropertoaskaboutsomeone’sageinmanyWesterncountries.bedifferentfrom 与……不同Thegreetingcustomsherearedifferentfromthoseinmycountry.短语识记过关PART

THREE03词汇变形过关词汇变形过关1．culturen.文化→________adj.文化的2．communicatev.交流；沟通→____________n.交流；沟通3．embarrassv.(使)尴尬，使为难→____________adj.尴尬的；____________adj.使人尴尬的4．confusev.混淆，使迷糊→____________adj.困惑的(指人)；____________adj.令人困惑的(指物)5．commonadj.共同的；常见的→____________adv.通常地，普遍地；____________adj.罕见的，不寻常的6．rudeadj.粗鲁的→____________(反义词)礼貌的7．properadj.恰当的；正确的→____________adv.恰当地8．knifen.小刀→____________(pl.)9．importantadj.重要的→__________adv.重要地____________n.重要性10．surprisev.使惊讶→____________adj.令人惊奇的；__________adj.感到惊奇的cuturalsurprisedcommunicationembarrassedembarrassingconfusedconfusingcommonlypoliteproperlyknivesimportantlyimportancesurprisinguncommon11．patientadj.耐心的→___________adv.耐心地；___________n.耐心12．differentadj.不同的，有差异的→_________n.差异___________adv.不同地13．personaladj.个人的→___________n.人；___________n.个性，性格14．shakev.摇动；与某人握手→___________(过去式)；___________(过去分词)15．Germanyn.德国→___________adj.德国人的；n.德语；德国人16．nicelyadv.漂亮地；令人愉快地→___________adj.漂亮的；好心的17．marriedadj.已婚的；婚姻的→___________v.结婚；娶；嫁18．correctlyadv.正确地；恰当地→___________adj.正确的；恰当的19．unsafeadj.不安全的；危险的→___________adj.安全的(反义词)20．informaladj.非正式的→___________adj.正式的(反义词)词汇变形过关patientlypatiencepersondifferencedifferentlypersonalityshookshakennicecorrectmarrysafeGermanformal21．nice(adj.美好的)→________(adv.漂亮地)22．marry(v.结婚)→________(adj.已婚的)_________(n.婚姻)23．correct(adj.正确的、恰当的)→________(adv.正确地、恰当地)→________(adj.不合适的)24．safe(adj.安全的)→________(adj.不安全的)→________(adv.安全地)→________(n.安全)25．formal(adj.正式的)→________(反义词：非正式的)26．proper(adj.合适的)→________(反义词：不合适的)27．congratulate(v.祝贺)→____________________(n.祝贺)28．Asia(n.亚洲)→________(adj.亚洲的)29．tradition(n.传统)→_________________(adj.传统的)30．arrive(v.到达)→________(n.到达)词汇变形过关marriedinformalincorrectunsafesafelynicelycorrectlymarriagecongratulationsafetytraditionalimpropoerarrivalAsianPART

FOUR04词汇辨析过关词汇辨析customtradition侧重特定群体/地区的具体习俗、惯例，可随时间改变，常用复数。It’salocalcustomtoeatzongzionDragonBoatFestival.端午节吃粽子是当地的习俗。侧重世代相传、历史悠久的传统，稳定性强，情感色彩更浓。Passingdownfolksongsisanimportanttraditioninthisvillage.传承民歌是这个村庄的重要传统。词汇辨析politerespectful侧重外在举止礼貌、言行得体，符合日常交往规范。Sheisalwayspolitetoeveryone,nomatterhowbusysheis.无论多忙，她对每个人都很有礼貌。侧重内心怀有敬畏、主动表达尊重，常针对地位、文化、习俗等。Weshouldberespectfuloftheelderlyandtheirlifeexperiences.我们应该尊重老年人及其生活经历。词汇辨析embarassedembarassing修饰人，表“（人）感到尴尬的、窘迫的”，常作表语。Ifeltembarrassedabouthisunexpectedquestion.他突如其来的问题让我感到尴尬。修饰事物，表“（事物）令人尴尬的、使人难堪的”，可作定语或表语。Itwasanembarrassingmomentwhenheforgothisspeech.他忘记演讲稿的时候是个令人尴尬的时刻。词汇辨析confusedconfusing修饰人，表“（人）感到困惑的、糊涂的”。Helookedconfusedwhenheheardthenews.他听到这个消息时看起来很困惑。修饰事物，表“（事物）令人困惑的、难以理解的”。Thedirectionsonthemapareveryconfusing.地图上的指示非常令人困惑。词汇辨析formalinformal正式的、正规的，适用于严肃场合，反义词为informal。Youneedtowearformalclothesfortheinterview.面试时你需要穿正装。非正式的、随意的，适用于日常、轻松场合。Thisisaninformalparty,soyoucanwearjeans.这是个非正式派对，你可以穿牛仔裤。词汇辨析differencedistinction泛指差异、差别，适用范围广，最常用。Themaindifferencebetweenthetwofestivalsistheirorigin.这两个节日的主要区别在于它们的起源。侧重细微、正式的本质区别，书面语常用。Thereisacleardistinctionbetweenculturalappreciationandculturalappropriation.文化欣赏和文化挪用之间有明显的区别。词汇辨析foreignoverseas侧重“不属于本国的”，常与country/language/culture搭配，可作定语/表语，语气中性。Manystudentsareinterestedinlearningforeignlanguages.很多学生对学习外语感兴趣。海外的/在海外，侧重“跨国、海外相关”，常修饰留学、贸易等。Shehasmanyoverseasfriendsfromdifferentcountries.她有许多来自不同国家的海外朋友。1．Weshouldbepolitetotheoldpeoplearoundus.A．rude B．kindandrespectful C．careless2．Everyspring,thousandsoftouristsfromhomeand________cometoadmireLuoyang’speonies.A．abroad B．outside C．foreign D．oversea3．Whenyouspeaktoastrangerwhoknowsaboutmakingchoices,youshoulduse________English.A．informal B．formal C．simple D．difficult4．The__________questionmadeeverybodyfeelvery________.A．confusing;confused B．confused;confusingC．confusing;confusing D．confused;confusedBABA

词汇辨析过关5．Thequestionwas________,andIfelt________whenIcouldn’tanswerit.A．confusing;confused B．confused;confusingC．confusing;confusing D．confused;confused5．Alltheplayerswere________atthe________rules.A．confused;confusing B．confusing;confusedC．confused;confused D．confusing;confusing6．It’ssaidthat________youaretoothers,________peoplewillrespectyou.A．politer;more B．thepoliter;themoreC．themorepoliter;themost D．themorepolite;more7．It’satraditiontoflykitesinspringinNorthChina.A．anewhabit B．anoldcustom C．afunnygameAABB8.Thesituationwasso______thatIfeltvery______.A.embarrassed;embarrassingB.embarrassing;embarrassedC.embarrassed;embarrassedD.embarrassing;embarrassing9.Itis______tospeaksoftlyinthelibrary,andbeing______tootherswillmakeyoumorepopular.A.polite;respectfulB.respectful;politeC.polite;politeD.respectful;respectful10.Thereisaclear______between“polite”and“respectful”,andthemain______liesintheirusage.difference;distinctionB.distinction;differenceC.difference;differenceD.distinction;distinction11.Mycousinisstudyingina______university,andhealsoplanstotakepartinan______exchangeprogramnextyear.foreign;overseasB.overseas;foreignC.foreign;foreignD.overseas;overseas12.WhenImadeamistakeinfrontofthewholeclass,Ifelt____,andthewholeexperiencewasreally____.A.embarrassed;embarrassedB.embarrassing;embarrassedC.embarrassed;embarrassingD.embarrassing;embarrassingABAAC13.Itis______towaitforolderpeopletoeatfirst,andthiskindof______behavioriscommoninChineseculture.A.respectful;respectfulB.respectful;politeC.polite;politeD.polite;respectful14.The______betweenthetwoculturesisobvious,andthereisaclear______inhowpeoplegreeteachother.A.difference;differenceB.distinction;differenceC.difference;distinctionD.distinction;distinction15.Hehaslivedin______countriesformanyyears,andheoftenshareshis______travelstorieswithus.A.overseas;foreignB.foreign;overseasC.foreign;foreignD.overseas;overseas16.Ifelt______whenIforgottheguest’sname,andthe______momentmademewanttoleaveearly.A.embarrassing;embarrassedB.embarrassed;embarrassingC.embarrassed;embarrassedD.embarrassing;embarrassingDCBBPART

FIVE05知识点清单重点句型句式要点1.TherearesomebigdifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandWesternculture.中国文化和西方文化之间有一些很大的差异。Therebe句型本句使用Therebe+名词+介词短语结构，表示“某地/某范围内存在某物”。主语是后面的名词短语somebigdifferences（复数），所以be动词用are。否定形式：Therearen'tanybigdifferencesbetween...疑问形式：Arethereanybigdifferencesbetween...?固定搭配：betweenAandB表示“在A和B两者之间”，本句中连接Chineseculture和Westernculture两个并列名词。拓展：among用于三者及以上之间，如：Therearedifferencesamongthesethreecultures.修饰词：bigdifferencesdifference此处为可数名词，意为“差异、不同之处”，常用搭配：makeadifference(to...)对……产生影响tellthedifferencebetween...区分……之间的不同也可使用greatdifferences/hugedifferences替换bigdifferences，语气更强烈。单元主题拓展例句

TherearemanydifferencesbetweentablemannersinChinaandthoseinWesterncountries.

中西方的餐桌礼仪有很多差异。重点句型句式要点2.（It’s+adj.+todo）It’simpolitetotalkwithyourmouthfullinChina.在中国，嘴里塞满食物说话是不礼貌的。核心句型：It’s+adj.+(forsb.)+todosth.本句是初中英语高频句型，其中：It是形式主语，无实际意义，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式totalkwithyourmouthfull。这个结构的本质是用It代替冗长的不定式主语，避免句子头重脚轻。句型翻译：“做某事是……的”。拓展变体：It’s+adj.+ofsb.todosth.（用于评价人的品质，如：It’skindofyoutohelpme.）句中重点词汇解析impolite：形容词，意为“不礼貌的”，反义词为polite（礼貌的）。本单元高频词，常用来评价文化礼仪行为。talkwithyourmouthfull：固定表达，字面是“用满的嘴巴说话”，即“嘴里塞满食物说话”。结构解析：with+名词+形容词构成伴随状语，表示“在某种状态下”。同义替换：talkwhileeating（边吃边说）。inChina：地点状语，可替换为其他国家/地区，如inWesterncountries、inIndia等，贴合单元“跨文化”主题。重点句型句式要点2.（It’s+adj.+todo）It’simpolitetotalkwithyourmouthfullinChina.在中国，嘴里塞满食物说话是不礼貌的。单元主题拓展例句（同结构仿写）It’spolitetogreetotherswithabowinJapan.在日本，鞠躬问候他人是礼貌的。It’scommontouseservingchopsticksinChinesefamilydinners.在中国的家庭聚餐中，使用公筷是很常见的。易错警示形式主语的误区：错误：TotalkwithyourmouthfullisimpoliteinChina.（语法正确但不地道，初中阶段更推荐用形式主语结构）正确：It’simpolitetotalkwithyourmouthfullinChina.形容词搭配：本句型常用的评价类形容词：polite/impolite,rude,common,strange,necessary,important等。伴随状语的用法：withyourmouthfull中，full是形容词，不能加-ed/-ing，也不能说withyourmouthfulloffood（语法正确但本单元用更简洁的表达）。重点句型句式要点3.提出建议与禁忌（should/shouldn’t）YoushouldarriveontimeorafewminuteslateforaFrenchparty.参加法国派对，你应该准时或晚几分钟到。核心语法:情态动词should/shouldn’t的用法should表示“应该”，用于提出建议、劝告或表达责任义务，语气比must委婉，比can正式。否定形式shouldn’t表示“不应该”，用于提醒禁忌、禁止行为，贴合本单元“跨文化礼仪”主题。结构：主语+should/shouldn’t+动词原形+其他例句对比：Youshouldgreetthehostfirst.（你应该先问候主人。）Youshouldn’tleavewithoutsayinggoodbye.（你不应该不辞而别。）重点短语解析arriveontime：准时到达，固定搭配。拓展：ontime强调“按规定时间”；intime强调“及时（赶得上）”。afewminuteslate：晚几分钟，形容词late作状语，表示“迟到”。结构：数量词+时间单位+late/early，如tenminutesearly（早十分钟）。foraFrenchparty：介词for表示“为了/参加某活动”，也可替换为ataFrenchparty。重点句型句式要点3.提出建议与禁忌（should/shouldn’t）YoushouldarriveontimeorafewminuteslateforaFrenchparty.参加法国派对，你应该准时或晚几分钟到。单元主题拓展句（should/shouldn’t同结构仿写）YoushouldusebothhandswhengivingagiftinJapan.在日本送礼物时，你应该用双手递出。Youshouldn’topenthegiftimmediatelyinChina.在中国，你不应该立刻打开礼物。YoushouldtakeoffyourshoesbeforeenteringaKoreanhome.进入韩国家庭前，你应该脱掉鞋子。Youshouldn’taskaboutpeople’ssalariesinWesterncountries.在西方国家，你不应该询问别人的薪资。易错警示should后必须加动词原形：

错误：Youshouldarrivesontime.

正确：Youshouldarriveontime.late与lately的区别：late：形容词/副词，意为“晚的/迟到地”，本句用法正确。lately：副词，意为“最近”，不可替换使用。介词搭配误区：表示“参加派对”，用foraparty或ataparty，不要用inaparty。重点句型句式要点4.（so…that）EnglishtablemannersaresoconfusingthatI’malittleworried.英式餐桌礼仪如此令人困惑，以至于我有点担心。核心语法结构核心句型：so…that…本句型是初中英语高频结果状语从句，结构为：so+形容词/副词+that+结果从句含义：“如此……以至于……”，用来表示前面的情况达到某种程度，从而导致后面的结果。so用来修饰形容词或副词，本句中修饰形容词confusing。that引导结果状语从句，从句用陈述语序。同义替换：such…that…（区别在于such修饰名词短语，如suchconfusingtablemannersthat…）重点词汇解析tablemanners：固定短语，意为“餐桌礼仪”，是本单元跨文化主题的核心词汇。confusing：形容词，意为“令人困惑的”，用来修饰事物；对应的-ed形式confused修饰人，如Iamconfusedbytherules.alittleworried：意为“有点担心”，alittle可修饰形容词，表示程度轻微；同义表达abitworried。重点句型句式要点4.（so…that）EnglishtablemannersaresoconfusingthatI’malittleworried.英式餐桌礼仪如此令人困惑，以至于我有点担心。单元主题拓展句TherulesinJapaneserestaurantsaresostrictthatIneedtopracticemore.日本餐厅的规矩如此严格，以至于我需要多加练习。Greetingcustomsindifferentcountriesaresodifferentthatyoushouldlearnthemfirst.不同国家的问候习俗差异如此之大，以至于你应该先了解它们。TheFrenchpartyrulesaresocomplexthatmanyvisitorsfeelnervous.法国派对的规则如此复杂，以至于很多访客感到紧张。易错警示so与such的用法区别：错误：Theyaresoconfusingmannersthat…（so不能直接修饰名词短语）正确：Theyaresuchconfusingmannersthat…/Themannersaresoconfusingthat…confusing与confused的区分：confusing：描述事物“令人困惑的”（主语是物），如Therulesareconfusing.confused：描述人“感到困惑的”（主语是人），如Iamconfusedbytherules.结果从句的时态：主句为一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时，保持时态一致，不要随意使用过去时。重点句型句式要点5.（unless/assoonas）Don’tbringfoodunlessthehostasksyouto.除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。核心语法核心连词：unlessunless意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，相当于if…not，语气比if…not更正式。本句结构：主句（祈使句）+unless+条件从句同义转换：Don’tbringfoodifthehostdoesn’taskyouto.注意：unless引导的从句不能与否定词not连用（如unless…not是错误表达）。省略结构asksyouto后面省略了动词原形bringfood，完整表达是asksyoutobringfood。英语中为了避免重复，常省略不定式to后的动词原形，保留to。拓展：assoonas用法（同主题）assoonas意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，常用来描述跨文化礼仪中的即时行为。Assoonasyouarrive,youshouldgreetthehost.（你一到，就应该问候主人。）时态规则：主句将来时/祈使句，从句用一般现在时表将来。重点句型句式要点6.

IttookJi-HoonafewweekstogetusedtothegreetingcustomsinFrance.智勋花了几周时间才习惯法国的问候习俗。主题拓展句Don’topenthegiftunlessthehosttellsyouto.除非主人让你打开，否则不要打开礼物。YoushouldbowassoonasyoumeetaJapaneseelder.你一见到日本长辈，就应该鞠躬。Don’tspeakloudlyassoonasyouenter