2026年GMAT《综合推理》真题及答案解析

2026年GMAT《综合推理》真题及答案解析IntegratedReasoningPracticeSetPart1:Multi-SourceReasoningMemorandum:ProjectHeliosOverviewTo:BoardofDirectors,OmniCorpIndustriesFrom:SeniorStrategyTeam,EnergyDivisionDate:October12,2025Subject:StrategicAssessmentofProjectHelicsProjectHeliosaimstotransitionOmniCorp’smanufacturingplantsinRegionAandRegionBto100%renewableenergysourcesbytheyear2030.Currently,RegionAsources60%ofitsenergyfromsolarand40%fromthenationalgrid,whichreliesheavilyoncoal.RegionBsources30%fromwindand70%fromthenationalgrid.Theproposedtransitioninvolvesacapitalinvestmentof\500$million.ThisinvestmentwillbeallocatedprimarilytotheinstallationofadvancedphotovoltaiccellsinRegionAandhigh-capacityturbinesinRegionB.Ourfinancialanalystshaveprojectedthatthisinvestmentwillyieldareductioninoperationalcostsofapproximately15%annually,startingfromtheyeartheinfrastructurebecomesfullyoperational(estimated2028).However,arecentregulatorychangeinRegionBmandatesthatanynewwindturbineinstallationmustundergoaprolongedenvironmentalimpactassessment,potentiallydelayingtheprojectinthatregionby12to18months.ThisdelaycoulddefertheoperationalcostsavingsspecificallyforRegionBuntil2029or2030.Furthermore,thenationalgridauthorityhasannounceda10%increaseincoal-basedenergypriceseffectiveJanuary2026.ThisexternalfactorimprovestherelativeROIofProjectHelios,asthecostofremainingonthegridwillrise.Werecommendproceedingwiththeproject,butweadvisethattheBoardconsideraphasedapproach:prioritizingRegionAforimmediatecompletiontocaptureearlysavings,whilemanagingtheextendedtimelineforRegionB.***EmailExchangeFrom:SarahJenkins,ChiefFinancialOfficerSent:October14,2025,9:15AMTo:SeniorStrategyTeamI’vereviewedtheHeliosmemo.Theprojected15%annualsavingsisattractive,butIneedclarityonthenetpresentvalue(NPV)calculation.Doesthe15%savingsfigureaccountforthemaintenancecostsofthenewrenewableinfrastructure?Historically,oursolarassetshavehadmaintenancecostsaveraging2%oftheinitialCapExperyear.Ifthe15%isgrosssavings,weneedtoadjustournetsavingsprojections.Also,regardingtheRegionBdelay:ifwearedelayedby18months,doesthatmeanwecontinuepayingtheincreasedgridprices(includingthe10%hike)forthatduration?Ifso,the"savings"duringthedelayperiodareactuallynegativecomparedtotheprojectedbaseline.***From:SeniorStrategyTeamSent:October14,2025,11:45AMTo:SarahJenkins,ChiefFinancialOfficerYouraisevalidpoints.Toclarify:1.The15%savingsfigureisgrosssavingsonenergyprocurementcosts.Itdoesnotincludethemaintenancecostsofthenewinfrastructure.Wemustsubtractthesetofindthenetoperationalimpact.2.RegardingRegionB:Yes,thedelayimpliescontinuedrelianceonthegrid.The10%gridpricehikeappliestoallenergydrawnfromthegrid.Therefore,duringthedelay,RegionBwillincurhighercoststhaninitiallyforecastedinthebasecase.3.However,pleasenotethatthegovernmentoffersa"GreenTransitionTaxCredit"whichcovers30%ofmaintenancecostsforwindenergyprojectsinitiatedbefore2027.IfwestarttheprocessinRegionBin2026(evenifcompletionisdelayed),wequalifyforthiscredit.***DataTable:RegionalEnergyConsumption(2024Estimates)RegionTotalAnnualEnergyConsumption(MWh)CurrentCostperMWh(Grid)CurrentCostperMWh(RenewableOps)%SourcedfromRenewables(Current)RegionA500,000$\$120$$\$40$60%RegionB800,000$\$115$$\$45$30%Note:"RenewableOps"costincludesstandardmaintenancebutnotthecapitalrepayment.Questions1-3Foreachofthefollowingstatements,selectYesifthestatementissupportedbytheinformationprovided.Otherwise,selectNo.1.UndertheProjectHeliosplan,thetotalannualenergyprocurementcostforRegionAwilldecreasebymorethan20%oncethetransitioniscomplete,ignoringmaintenanceandcapitalcosts.2.IfProjectHeliosproceedsasdescribedinthememo,OmniCorpwillqualifyfortheGreenTransitionTaxCreditfortheRegionBwindproject.3.Thecostofrenewableenergy(perMWh)iscurrentlylessthanthecostofgridenergy(perMWh)forbothRegionAandRegionB.***Part2:TableAnalysisThetablebelowprovidesdataonthequarterlyperformanceoffivedifferentretailchains(StoreAthroughStoreE)forthefiscalyear2025.AllfiguresareinthousandsofUSdollars.StoreIDQuarterRevenueCostofGoodsSold(COGS)MarketingSpendNetProfitProfitMargin(%)StoreAQ11,20080010030025.0%StoreAQ21,50095015040026.7%StoreAQ31,1007508027024.5%StoreAQ41,8001,10020050027.8%StoreBQ13,0002,40020040013.3%StoreBQ23,2002,50025045014.1%StoreBQ32,8002,30015035012.5%StoreBQ43,5002,70030050014.3%StoreCQ19004005045050.0%StoreCQ29504205547550.0%StoreCQ38503804542550.0%StoreCQ41,0004506049049.0%StoreDQ12,1001,8005025011.9%StoreDQ22,2001,9005025011.4%StoreDQ32,0001,7505020010.0%StoreDQ42,3002,0005025010.9%StoreEQ11,5001,20010020013.3%StoreEQ21,6001,30010020012.5%StoreEQ31,4001,10010020014.3%StoreEQ41,7001,35010025014.7%Questions4-6Foreachofthefollowingstatements,selectYesifthestatementcanbeinferredfromthetable.Otherwise,selectNo.4.StoreChadthehighestprofitmarginineveryquarterreportedcomparedtotheotherfourstores.5.StoreDistheonlystorethatdidnotincreaseitsMarketingSpendfromQ1toQ4.6.ThereisapositivecorrelationbetweenRevenueandNetProfitacrossallquartersforStoreB.***Part3:GraphicsInterpretationChartDescription:Thefollowingscatterplotdisplaystherelationshipbetweenthe"Research&Development(R&D)Spending"(inmillionsofdollars)andthe"AnnualRevenueGrowthRate"(percentage)for50differenttechnologystartupsin2025.TheX-axisrepresentsR&DSpending(rangesfrom\0to\100TheY-axisrepresentsAnnualRevenueGrowthRate(rangesfrom-10%to+50%).Thereisatrendlineplottedthroughthedatapoints.GraphDataPoints(SimulatedforTextRepresentation):Thedatapointsgenerallyfollowanupwardtrendinitially.LowR&Dspending(under\10M)corrQuestion7Considertheequationofthetrendlinetobeapproximatelyy=0.75x+5Basedontheinformationprovidedandthetrendlineequation,fillintheblankswiththecorrectvaluestocompletethestatement.Accordingtothetrendline,astartupthatspends\40$milliononR&Disprojectedtohaveagrowthrateof[A]percent.Ifastartuphasagrowthrateof20%,themodelpredictsitsR&Dspendingtobeapproximately[B]milliondollars.A:[20/30/35/45]B:[10/15/20/25]***Part4:Two-PartAnalysisScenario:Alogisticscompanyisplanningtheshipmentoftwotypesofcrates:TypeXandTypeY.TypeXcratesweigh20kgandoccupyavolumeof2cubicmeters.TypeYcratesweigh30kgandoccupyavolumeof1cubicmeter.Theshippingtruckhasamaximumweightcapacityof600kgandamaximumvolumecapacityof40cubicmeters.Thecompanymustloadthetrucktomaximizethetotalnumberofcrateswhileadheringtotheconstraints.LetxbethenumberofTypeXcratesandybethenumberofTypeYcrates.Question8Selectthevaluesforxandythatrepresentthemaximumnumberoftotalcrates(x+A(Valueofx):[5/10/15/20]B(Valueofy):[10/15/20/25]***Part5:Multi-SourceReasoningArticle:TheImpactofRemoteWorkonUrbanRealEstatePublication:CityPlanningWeekly,Issue42Thewidespreadadoptionofremoteworkhastriggeredasignificantshiftinurbanrealestatedynamics.Priorto2020,CentralBusinessDistricts(CBDs)commandedpremiumrentsduetohighdemandforofficespace.However,datafrom2023-2025suggestsastructuralchange.Weanalyzedthreemajormetropolitanareas:Metroville,Heightsburg,andLakesideCity.InMetroville,theofficevacancyrateintheCBDhasrisenfrom5%(2019)to18%(2025).Conversely,suburbanofficevacancieshaveonlyincreasedfrom8%to10%.Thisindicatesa"donuteffect,"wheredemandmovestotheperiphery.ResidentialrentsinMetroville’scitycenterhavedroppedby12%,asworkersnolongerneedtoliveneartheoffice.Heightsburgshowsadifferentpattern.Here,thevacancyrateintheCBDisstableat6%.ThisresilienceisattributedtothehighconcentrationoffinanceandlegalfirmsinHeightsburg,whichhavemaintainedastrict"in-office"mandate.However,theaverageleasesizehasshrunkby20%,suggestingfirmsaredownsizingtheirsquarefootageperemployee.LakesideCityexperiencedamassexodusoftechfirmstohybridmodels.Thecityhasrespondedbyrezoning15%ofcommercialofficespaceforresidentialuse.Thisconversionhasstabilizedrentprices,preventingthecrashesseeninothercities,buthasledtoa30%reductioninavailablecommercialinventory.***ExpertCommentary:Dr.EmilyChen,UrbanEconomist"Thedatapresentedhighlightsadivergenceinrealestateresilience.Thekeydifferentiatorisindustryrigidity.Citiesrelyingontechandinformationservices(likeMetrovilleandLakeside)facehighervolatilitybecausethosejobsarelocation-independent.Citiesrelyingonrelationship-basedindustries(likeHeightsburg)seelessvacancybutmore'densification'(doingmoreworkinlessspace).Lookingforward,Ipredictthatthe'ClassA'premiumofficesectorwillrecoverfasterthan'ClassB'or'C'.Companiesareusingthecurrentdownturntoupgradetheirfacilities:ifemployeescometotheoffice,itmustbehigh-quality.Therefore,whileoverallvacancymightremainhigh,rentsforpremiumspacewillactuallyincreaseby5-8%overthenexttwoyears,whilelower-tierrentsstagnate."***Questions9-11Basedontheinformationprovided,classifythefollowingcitiesintothecategoriesbelow.Eachcitycanbeusedmorethanonceornotatall.Categories:A.Experiencedasignificantdropincitycenterresidentialrents.B.Hasconvertedcommercialspacetoresidentialtostabilizethemarket.C.Hasahighconcentrationofindustriesresistanttofullyremotework.Cities:9.Metroville10.Heightsburg11.LakesideCity***Part6:GraphicsInterpretationChartDescription:Thebarchartshowsthe"MarketShareofElectricVehicles(EV)vsInternalCombustionEngine(ICE)Vehicles"inCountryZovera5-yearperiod(2021-2025).Bars:Therearestackedbarsforeachyear.BottomSegment(Grey):ICEMarketShare(%).TopSegment(Green):EVMarketShare(%).DataPoints:2021:ICE95%,EV5%2022:ICE88%,EV12%2023:ICE78%,EV22%2024:ICE65%,EV35%2025:ICE50%,EV50%Question12ThegovernmentofCountryZhassetasubsidypolicy.ThesubsidyamountperEVsoldiscalculatedbasedontheformula:SWhere:Sisthesubsidyindollars.isthemarketsharepercentageofICEvehicles.isthemarketsharepercentageofEVvehicles.(Note:If<,theterm(1−becomespositive,increasingthesubsidy.IfActually,let'sasimplerinterpretationforthequestioncontext.Let'sassumethesubsidyisdeterminedbythegrowthrateofEVmarketshare.CalculatetheaverageannualincreaseinEVmarketsharefrom2021to2025.Then,determinethesubsidyamountfortheyear2025ifthesubsidyisfixedat\500$forevery1%ofmarketshareheldbyEVs.Thetotalsubsidypervehiclein2025isclosestto:[\2,500/\25,000/\50,000/\(Note:Thisisasimplifiedcalculationquestionbasedonthechart).***AnswerKeyandDetailedExplanations1.Answer:NoExplanation:Todeterminethedecreaseinenergyprocurementcosts,wemustlookatthe"DataTable:RegionalEnergyConsumption(2024Estimates)".RegionAcurrentlysources60%fromRenewablesand40%fromGrid.TotalConsumption=500,000MWh.CurrentCost:Renewableportion:60MWh.Cost=300,000×Gridportion:40MWh.Cost=200,000×TotalCurrentCost=\12M+\24MProjectHeliosgoal:100%Renewable.ProjectedCost(100%Renewable):500,000×Decrease=.Wait,thequestionasksifthedecreaseismorethan20%.44.4.SotheanswershouldbeYes.Self-Correction/Refinement:Letmere-readcarefully.Thequestionasks:"UndertheProjectHeliosplan...decreasebymorethan20%...".Mycalculationshowsa~44%decrease.WhydidIinitiallythink"No"?Letmecheckthe"CostperMWh(RenewableOps)"vs"CostperMWh(Grid)".Grid:120.SwitchingfromGridtoRenewablesavesalotofmoneyperunit.However,thepromptsays:"Theproposedtransitioninvolvesacapitalinvestment...Thisinvestmentwillbeallocatedprimarilytotheinstallation...".Thequestionasksabout"energyprocurementcost".Usually,procurementcostreferstothecostofbuyingtheenergy(OpEx),notthecapitalinvestment(CapEx).Thepromptexplicitlysays"ignoringmaintenanceandcapitalcosts".So,purelylookingatthecosttobuyenergy:Currently,theybuy40%fromGrid(120)Future,theybuy100%fromRenewable($40).Since40iLet'sre-verifythemath.CurrentAverageCostperMWh=(0.6FutureAverageCostperMWh=\40$.Percentagedecrease==≈44.4isindeedgreaterthan20.Therefore,thestatementissupported.CorrectAnswer:Yes2.Answer:YesExplanation:Thememostates:"RegionB...delay...12to18months."TheemailfromtheStrategyTeamstates:"thegovernmentoffersa'GreenTransitionTaxCredit'whichcovers30%ofmaintenancecostsforwindenergyprojectsinitiatedbefore2027."ThememoisdatedOctober12,2025.Therecommendationistoproceedwiththeproject.Iftheprojectisinitiatedinlate2025orearly2026(asimpliedbytherecommendationto"prioritizeRegionA...whilemanagingtheextendedtimelineforRegionB"),itwillbeinitiatedbefore2027.Evenwiththedelay,theinitiation(startoftheprocess)allowsthemtoqualify.Theemailexplicitlysays:"IfwestarttheprocessinRegionBin2026(evenifcompletionisdelayed),wequalifyforthiscredit."Sincethememorecommendsproceeding,andproceedingimpliesstarting,theywillqualify.CorrectAnswer:Yes3.Answer:YesExplanation:Wesimplyneedtocomparethecolumns"CurrentCostperMWh(Grid)"and"CurrentCostperMWh(RenewableOps)"intheDataTable.RegionA:Grid=\120,RenRegionB:Grid=\115,RenThestatementissupportedforbothregions.CorrectAnswer:Yes4.Answer:YesExplanation:Wemustcomparethe"ProfitMargin(%)"columnforStoreCagainstA,B,D,andEforeveryquarter(Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4).Q1:StoreC:50.0%Others:A(25.0%),B(13.3%),D(11.9%),E(13.3%).StoreCishighest.Q2:StoreC:50.0%Others:A(26.7%),B(14.1%),D(11.4%),E(12.5%).StoreCishighest.Q3:StoreC:50.0%Others:A(24.5%),B(12.5%),D(10.0%),E(14.3%).StoreCishighest.Q4:StoreC:49.0%Others:A(27.8%),B(14.3%),D(10.9%),E(14.7%).StoreCishighest.StoreChadthehighestprofitmarginineveryquarterreported.CorrectAnswer:Yes5.Answer:NoExplanation:Weneedtocheckthe"MarketingSpend"forQ1andQ4forallstores.StoreA:Q1=100,Q4=200(Increased)StoreB:Q1=200,Q4=300(Increased)StoreC:Q1=50,Q4=60(Increased)StoreD:Q1=50,Q4=50(Didnotincrease)StoreE:Q1=100,Q4=100(Didnotincrease)ThestatementclaimsStoreDistheonlystorethatdidnotincrease.However,StoreEalsodidnotincreaseitsmarketingspend(stayedat100).Therefore,StoreDisnottheonlyone.CorrectAnswer:No6.Answer:YesExplanation:WeneedtochecktherelationshipbetweenRevenueandNetProfitforStoreB.Q1:Rev3000,Profit400Q2:Rev3200,Profit450(RevUp,ProfitUp)Q3:Rev2800,Profit350(RevDown,ProfitDown)Q4:Rev3500,Profit500(RevUp,ProfitUp)Thereisaclearpositivecorrelation:asRevenueincreases,NetProfitincreases.AsRevenuedecreases,NetProfitdecreases.CorrectAnswer:Yes7.Answer:A[35],B[20]Explanation:Weusetheprovidedtrendlineequation:y=PartA:Findy(GrowthRate)whenx(R&DSpending)=40.yyySotheprojectedgrowthrateis35%.PartB:Findxwheny(GrowthRate)=20.2015xxxSothepredictedR&Dspendingis20million.CorrectAnswer:A=35,B=208.Answer:A(Valueofx)[15],B(Valueofy)[20]Explanation:Weneedtomaximizex+1.20x2.2x3.x,Let'stesttheoptionsprovidedinthedropdowntoseewhichpairmaximizesthecountandfitsconstraints.Theoptionsarespecificnumbers.Optionsforx:5,10,15,20.Optionsfory:10,15,20,25.Wewanttomaximizex+Tryx=Weight:20(20)=400.Remainingweightfory:600Volume:2(20)=40.RemainingvolumeforyIfx=20,Tryx=Weight:20(15)Volume:2(15)Soifx=15,wecanfitWait,letmechecktheoptionsforyagain.10,15,20,25.Ifx=15,canwefitWeight:300+Sox=15pairsbestwithLet'strylowerxtoallowhighery(sinceYisvolume-efficient:1m3vs2m3).Tryx=Weight:200.Remaining=400.Maxy(weight)=13.Volume:20.Remaining=20.Maxy(vol)=20.Constraintisweighthere.Maxyis13.Checkoptionsfory:10isvalid.Total=20.Tryx=Weight:100.Remaining=500.Maxy(weight)=16.Volume:10.Remaining=30.Maxy(vol)=30.Constraintisweight.Maxyis16.Checkoptions:15isvalid.Total=20.Let'sre-evaluatetheconstraints.MaybeImissedacombination.Wewanttomaximizex+Constraint1:2xConstraint2:2xLet'schecktheintersectionofthelines:yySetequal:402020x=Ifx=15,Totalcrates=15+Isthisthemaximum?Theobjectivefunctionisx+Theconstraintlineshaveslopes-2and-2/3.Sincetheslo