《高中英语选择性必修四Unit 2 语法-过去分词》课件

Grammar过去分词作定语,状语和宾补思考：什么是过去分词？示例一般过去过去分词规则/不规则divediveddived规则fetchfetchedfetched规则swellswelledswollen不规则seesawseen不规则过去分词______________表被动/完成/状态PartOne

(过去分词用作定语)acloseddoorabrokenwindowapollutedriverFindouttherules:归纳1：单个过去分词作定语放于其修饰的名词之____。前=Theplayer________________bymanypeopleisYaoMing.Theplayer____________________isYaoMing.这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫做姚明。wholovedislovedbymanypeople归纳2：过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于其修饰的名词之____，其作用相当于一个_________。定语从句后agirldressedinwhitethefallenleavesthefallingleaves2.V-ing

表动作正在进行,V-ed

表动作已经完成。theboiledwater正在沸腾的水烧开过的水theboilingwaterSummaryV-ed作定语规律总结1.

过去分词可用作______，修饰___________。2.单个分词通常放所修饰词_____；分词短语放在所修饰词______；3.修饰不定代词在其_____。

定语名词或代词之前之后之后即时训练1However,alotofyoungpeopleconsiderhimasatruehero.Someyoungpeoplehadtheirhair_____likehim.Hiscruelbehaviorevenhadsomanypeople________(沉迷其中).cutaddicted(1)用所给词的适当形式填空①The____________(excite)peoplerushedintothebuilding.②Tellthechildren____________(play)outsidenottomaketoomuchnoise.③Allthe____________(break)windowshavebeenrepaired.(2)补全句子④Ourclasswenton___________________lastMonday.上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。excitedplayingbrokenanorganizedtrip⑤Thebooks，___________________，arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.

鲁迅写的这些书，受到了许多国人的喜爱。writtenbyLuXunPartTwo

(过去分词用作宾语补足语)带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等）+直接宾语（名词或代词）+宾语补足语Everyonecallshim(宾语)(宾补)(主语)(谓语)Tom.概念：什么是宾语补足语？宾语补足语一般放在宾语_________,对宾语起____________的作用。之后补充说明Hefoundhisnewbike______.(steal)stolen过去分词作宾语补足语，表示______或______的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。被动完成小结1：Isawhim_______byadog.(bite)bittenFillintheblank.Tomfoundallhismoney________(steal)onhiswayhome.stolen

过去分词用在感官动词_____________________________等之后示______________________。小结2：see,

watch,feel,find,hear,notice感受到某人或某物被……Jackhadhishair_______yesterday.

(cut)cutFillintheblank.Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyself_______.(hear)heard小结3：过去分词用在__________________________等使役动词之后,表示_________。have,make,get,keep,leave“使/让…”Hewon’tliketheproblem_____________atthemeeting.(discuss）discussedFillintheblank.Thefatherwantshisdaughter__________dancing.(teach)taught小结4：过去分词用于表示“____________”等意义的词后，如：_______________________等,表示______________________。希望,愿望或要求want,wish,like,expect,order“希望/要求某人或某事被做”Withmanyflowers__________aroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.(plant)plantedFillintheblank.Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands________behindhisback.(tie)tied小结5：

过去分词用在“______+宾语＋宾补”结构中。

withSummary这些词后常接V-ed作宾语补足语Isawhimbittenbyadog.Jackhashishaircutyesterday.Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtdancing.Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.感官动词使役动词表“希望,要求”类动词with+宾语＋宾补结构即时训练2However,alotofyoungpeopleconsiderhimasatruehero.Someyoungpeoplehadtheirhair_____likehim.Hiscruelbehaviorevenhadsomanypeople________(沉迷其中).cutaddicted①Iheardmyname____________(call)inthestreet.②Hetriedtomakehimself____________(understand)byhisstudentsinclass.③Hewantedhisname____________(include)inthelist.④Wemusthaveourwindows____________(repair)beforewintercomes，orwe’llfreeze.⑤Withthetask____________(complete)，wehadaglobaltravelling.calledunderstoodincludedrepairedcompletedPartThree

(过去分词用作状语)Whenwater

isheated,waterturnsintosteam.=heated,waterturnsintosteam.

When过去分词作时间状语1.过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词

“when,while,until”

等，使其时间意义更明确。Becausehewasexhausted,hefellfastasleep.=exhausted,hefellfastasleep.BecauseExhausted过去分词作原因状语2.过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since,because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。IfIamgivenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.=givenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.If过去分词作条件状语3.过去分词作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if,once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。Althoughhewas

laughedatbyothers,hestillsmilesatlife.=laughedatbyothers,hestillsmilesatlife.Although过去分词作让步状语4.过去分词作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。Thegirlleft,andshewasfollowedbyalittledog.=Thegirlleft,followedbyalittledog.过去分词作方式或伴随状语5.过去分词作方式/伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。即时训练：补全句子

However,alotofyoungpeopleconsiderhimasatruehero.Someyoungpeoplehadtheirhair_____likehim.Hiscruelbehaviorevenhadsomanypeople________(沉迷其中).cutaddicted________(raise)inthepoorestareaofIndia,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomeafootballstar.Children,when________________(accompany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.___________(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren’sloveofart._____________(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.RaisedaccompaniedFoundedTranslated1.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.此处为“see+宾语+宾补”结构，decorate与其逻辑主语them之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填decorated。decorated2.(2016全国Ⅰ卷)IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter___________(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.句中已有谓语was，故permit应作为非谓语动词；又因reporter与permit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。permitted3.(2015全国Ⅰ卷)Yangshuoisreallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers__________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.因句中已有谓语动词names(提名)，所以conduct应为非谓语动词；又由conductastudy/survey(进行研究/调查)可知，astudy与conduct是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。conducted4.(2015全国Ⅱ卷)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)______(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredby…因句中已有谓语动词areadmired，所以build应为非谓语动词；又因Theadobedwellings与build是被动关系，加之有by的提示，可知用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填built。built5.(2014全国Ⅱ卷)Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand_____________(disappoint).因looked作“看起来”解是系动词，故用作形容词用的过去分词disappointed充当表语，表示“感到失望的”。disappointed6.(2019山西太原二模)Thechildren'sTVshowissopopularbecauseitisoneofthefewthatfamiliescanenjoytogetherwithoutadultsfeeling_______(bore).在系动词feel后须接表语，表示人“感到无聊的”，用-ed分词作表语。bored7.(2018湖南邵阳)Iwastryingtostay________(focus)onamagazinearticlethattrulyinterestedme,buttryashardasIcould,theirenergykeptdistracting(使分心)me.句中stay是作“保持”解的系动词，意为“保持专注”，用-ed分词作表语，表示状态。focused8.(2021山东潍坊期末)Thegiantstonesthatformtheoutercircle,_______(know)assarsen(砂岩)stones,eachweighasmuchas50tons!分析句子成分可知,空格处应作非谓语动词,又由beknownas用法可知，应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰giantstones。known9.(2021江苏盐城期中)Thisyear,thecitywillcombinetheMasterRecyclerandClimateLeadersprogramstocreateagroup_______(call)SustainabilityLeaders.因句中已有谓语动词combine，故call应为非谓语动词；又因group与call是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。called10.(2021浙江绍兴诊断性考试)Itisawrittenformthatunitesthelanguages_______(speak)inChina.spoken句中已有谓语动词，因language与speak是被动关系，作名词language的后置定语。11.(2020福建福州期末)Thewordreferstotheactofmakingnewitemsoutofoldor______(use)thingsorwastematerials.used修饰后面的名词things,用use的形容词形式used(用过的)。12.(2019湖南岳阳二模)Thatmeanspayingahighfeetogetyoursmartwatch________(repair).因yoursmartwatch与repair是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，也是havesthdone结构。13.(2019安徽宿州二模)Xiacameoutfromaninitiallistof10nominees(被提名者)beforethreefinalistsweremade_________(know)tothepublicearlierthismonth.因threefinalists与know之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作主语补足语。

repairedknown14.(2020安徽芜湖期末)___________(compare)withotherformsofwriting,itisshorterandtakeslesstime.因comparedwith/by(和……比起来)是固定词组。Compared三、写作运用请写一篇短文介绍李平找工作面试的情况,内容包括：1.李平因为对那个工作感兴趣,决定去参加面试；2.我告诉他,学过计算机是一种重要的资历,要为面试做好充分的准备；3.面试那天,他被带到一间办公室,他向主考官自我介绍后,主考官问了他几个问题,并告诉他一有结果就会通知他；4.最终他没得到这个工作；5.他的面试失败一点也没让我感到惊讶,因为他没作好准备导致他错失了这个机会。[写作要求]请使用动词-ed形式。

Interestedinthejob,LiPingdecidedtotakepartinthejobinterview.Itoldhimthathavingstudiedcomputerwasanimportantqualificationinthejobinterviewandthatafullpreparationwasneededfortheinterview.Whenthedaycame,broughtintoanoffice,hemadehimselfknowntotheinterviewers,andthenhewasaskedafewquestions.Hewastoldthattheywouldkeephiminformedwhentheresultcameout.However,hedidn’tgetthejob,buthisfailinginthejobinterviewdidn’tsurprisemeatallbecausehisnothavingpreparedfortheinterviewmadehimmisstheopportunity.(二)

Giantpandasareblackandwhitebearsthatliveintemperate-zonebambooforestsincentralChina.Amongthebestrecognizedbut1______(rare)animalsintheworld,theyhavecometosymbolizeendangeredwildlifeand2_________(conserve)efforts.

Thegiantpandaislisted3______endangeredintheWorldConservationUnion's(IUCN's)RedListofThreatenedAnimals.Itisoneofthemostcriticallyendangered4________(species)intheworld.species

as

conservation

rarest

Thereareabout1,0005_____(leave)inthewild.About140pandasliveinzoosandbreedingcentersaroundtheworld,mostlyinChina.Scientistsarenotsurehowlonggiantpandasliveinthewild,6_____theyaresureitisshorterthanlifespansinzoos.Chinesescientists7_________(report)zoopandasasoldas35sofar.8__________(current),theChinesegovernmentinconjunctionwiththeWWFaredoingall9______ispossibletosavethegiantpanda.Thisincludesfurtherresearch10______howtocontinuallyincreasetheirnumbers.on/into

that

Currently

havereported

but

left

(二)本文介绍了中国在保护大熊猫方面所做出的努力。1.rarest由与之并列的thebestrecognized(最被认可)可知，rare也用最高级。2.conservation表示“保护努力”是conservationefforts，名词作定语，表示类别。3.as因belistedas…(被列为……)是固定搭配。4.species由oneof可知，要用名词的复数形式；又因species(种类；物种)的复数与单复数形式相同，故填species。5.left因1,000(pandas)与leave是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式作定语。句意：在野外环境中只剩下大约1000只大熊猫。6.but因“科学家并不确定大熊猫在野外环境中寿命有多长”与“肯定比在动物园里寿命短”是转折关系，故填but。7.havereported由sofar可知，用现在完成时。8.Currently位于句首且有逗号分隔，说明是修饰全句的，用副词作状语。9.that当先行词是指事物的不定代词all时，引导定语从句只能用that。10.on/into表示“关于……的研究”，research常与on或into搭配。一、核心单词1.________adj.最著名的;第一的;首要的

n.总理;首相2._____________adj.坦率的;简单的

3._____vi.&

n.潜水;跳水;俯冲

4.________vt.倡议;赞助;主办n.(法案等的)倡议者;赞助者

5.________n.自由

6.________adj.暂时的;短暂的

7.________n.一场;一段时间;会议

8.________n.生理;生物学

9.________vi.孵出;破壳vt.使孵出;策划;(尤指)密谋

10.________adj.大;宏大的

premierstraightforwarddivesponsorlibertytemporarysessionbiologyhatchgrandⅠ.选用左栏单词并用其适当形式填空1.Alltheseeventsare__________bytheLionsClub.

2.ThemainpurposeofhisholidaytoGreecewastogo________.

3.Onweekends,they________chickensorwenthuntingforhares.

4.Three________inaweekatthegymwouldresultinahealthierlife.

5.Thoughmostadolescentproblemsare__________,wemustpayseriousattentiontoit.

6.Manysportsfansappreciatedher_____________characterandattitudetowardscompetition.sponsoreddivinghatchedsessionstemporarystraightforward二、拓展词汇1.foundvt.兴建,创建→__________n.创建;基础;地基

2.politicsn.政治;政治观点→________adj.政治的→________n.从政者;政治家;政客

3.locatevt.安置;找位置;位于→________adj.位于→locationn.位置

4.titlen.名称;标题→________vt.给……命名(或题名);使享有权利

5.freeadj.自由的;免费的→________n.自由;不受……影响的状态→________adv.自由地;随意地

6.distributevt.分发,分配→___________n.分布;分配;分发

7.licensevt.批准;许可n.许可证;执照→________adj.得到正式许可的

8.violentadj.暴力的;猛烈的→________n.暴力;暴行

foundationpoliticalpoliticianlocatedentitlefreedomfreelydistributionlicensedviolenceⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空

1.Atthe__________ofwell________beliefliesbeliefthatis________.

(found)

2.TheUnitedNationsOrganizationcouldundertaketodirectthe__________

(distribute)ofaid.

3.Ourcompanyis________inSanmingCity,whichhasauniquegeographical________andconvenienttransportation.(locate)

4.Idon’tapproveof________inanyshapeorform.(violent)

5.Theirageandexperience________oldpeopletotherespectofyoungpeople.(title)

6.Insummary,theywanttoleavethe________decisionstothe__________!(politics)

foundationfoundedfoundeddistributionlocatedlocationviolenceentitlepoliticalpoliticians三、核心短语1.________________

少数人(或物);一把(的量)

2.________________

一群(羊或鸟)

3.________________

查阅;谈到;涉及

4.________________导致

5.________________

各种各样的

6.________________由……组成

7._______________