2026版《金版教程》高考一轮复习英语（十四） 题组56

高考总复习首选用卷英语题组56Ⅰ阅读(2025·海南省高三学业水平诊断一)AnewstudyprovidesevidencethatMarscontainsalargeoceandeepbeneathitssurface.ThefindingisbasedondatacollectedbytheInSightLander,aroboticexploreroperatedbytheAmericanspaceagencyNASA.InSight,whichlandedin2018,wasdesignedtocapturedatafromwithintheplanet'sinterior.ThelanderendeditsoperationsonMarsinlate2022.Forthecurrentstudy,researchersusedseismic(地震的)datacollectedbyInSight.TheteamexaminedthedatatostudyMartianquakeactivity.InSighthadrecordedmorethan1，300marsquakes.ThedeviceInSightusedtomeasuregroundmovementsiscalledaseismometer(地震仪).ItisextremelysensitivetotheMartianenvironment.TheseismicdatasuggestsliquidwaterexistsdeepbeneaththegroundwhereInSightoperatedfrom.Sincewaterisconsiderednecessarytosupportlife,scientistssaythepresenceofitonMarsleavesopenthepossibilitythatsomeformoflifemightexist,orexistedthereinthepast.NumerousstudiesdonebeforehavealsoprovidedevidencethatliquidwatercouldexistonMars.Scientistshavealreadyuncoveredevidencethatabout3billionyearsago,thesurfaceofMarslikelyhadanactivesystemoflakes,riversandoceans.ScientistsbelievethatMarshaslostitssurfacewaterasitsatmospherebecamelessthick.Thislikelyturnedtheplanetintothedry,dustyworlditistoday.Theyhavetheorizedthatmuchoftheancientwaterescapedoutintospaceorremainedburiedunderthesurface.Thedatasuggestsliquidwatersitsbetween11and20kilometersdownintheMartiancrust.ThewaterislikelycontainedinadeeplayerofigneousrockbeneaththeMartiansurface.Scientistssaidthatthewaterlikelymoveddownfromthesurfacebillionsofyearsago,whenwaterisbelievedtohaveflowedfreelyonMars.Thereiscurrentlynowaytoconfirmthestudy'ssuggestedexistenceofliquidwaterbecauseitsitssofarbeneaththeMartiansurface.Suchaconfirmationwouldrequirelargedrillsandotherspecializedequipment.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究提供了证据，证明火星表面深处有一个巨大的海洋。1．Howdidtheresearchersgetthefinding?A．Byanalyzingthepreviousresearch.B．ByconductinganexperimentonMars.C．Byreferringtothedatafromaroboticexplorer.D．BycomparingtheMartiansurfacewiththatofEarth.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Anewstudyprovides...withintheplanet'sinterior.”可知，这项发现是研究人员依据一个在火星登陆作业的一个机器人探测器收集到的数据而得出结论的。故选C。2．WhydidwaterdisappearfromthesurfaceofMarsaccordingtothescientists?A．Itsstructurechanged.B．Itsatmospherethinned.C．Itstemperaturerose.D．Itssurfacebrokeintopieces.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Scientistsbelievethat...dustyworlditistoday.”可知，依据科研人员的说法，火星的地表水消失是因为它的大气层变薄造成的。故选B。3．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewdiscovery?A．Objective. B．Tolerant.C．Unclear. D．Uncaring.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，目前还没有办法证实该研究提出的液态水的存在，因为它位于火星表面以下很远的地方。这样的确认将需要大型钻机和其他专业设备。由此可推知，作者对此科学发现的态度是客观的。故选A。4．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．TherearefrequentquakesonMarsjustlikeonEarth.B．ScientistshavebeensearchingforsignsoflifeonMars.C．NewstudysuggestsMarshasalargeundergroundocean.D．AnadvanceddeviceforexploringMarshasendeditsmission.答案：C解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段内容可知，本文主要是告知读者火星地下有水存在这一科学新发现，并客观陈述这一发现的全过程。故选C。(2025·江苏省南通市启东市启东中学高三期中)TheEarthgainedanew“mini­moon”，butitdidn'tstayaroundforlong.Thenewlydiscoveredasteroid(行星)named2024PT5,wastemporarilycapturedbytheEarth'sgravityandorbitedourworldfromSeptember29toNovember25,accordingtoastronomers.Then,thespacerockreturnedtoaheliocentricorbit,whichisanorbitaroundthesun.“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet(11meters)indiameter(直径),butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize，”saidleadstudyauthorCarlos.Butasamini­moon,Asteroid2024PT5isn'tinanydangerofcollidingwiththeEarthnoworoverthenextfewdecades.Thespacerockwillorbitabout2.6millionmilesaway,orabout10timesthedistancebetweentheEarthandthemoon.“WhetheranasteroidgetscapturedbytheEarthisindependentofitssizeormass,itonlydependsonitsspeedandtrajectory(轨迹)asitapproachestheEarth­Moonsystem，”saidRobert,aspecialistonsolarsystembodies.“Atanygiventime,thereisapproximatelyonemini­moonintheEarth­Moonsystem,roughlythesizeofadishwasher,buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtotheEarth.”Mini­moonscanalsobeasteroidsthatcomefromthemainasteroidbelt,locatedbetweenMarsandJupiter,ortheymaybepiecesofthelunarsurfacelaunchedbyasteroidimpactsmillionsofyearsago.Carlosandhiscolleaguesplantoobserve2024PT5tocollectmoredataanddetails.“Determiningwheretheycomefromcouldhelpusunderstandtheprocessofcrater(坑)formationandhowmaterialisforcedoutfromtheMoon'ssurface，”hesaid.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一颗名为2024PT5的小行星短暂绕地球运行之后重返太阳轨道，并介绍了该行星的相关信息。5．Whatcanwelearnfrom2024PT5?A．Theasteroidwascapturedbygravityforlong.B．Theasteroid'saccuratesizehasyettobeconfirmed.C．2024PT5hasenteredtheEarth'satmosphereoverRussia.D．2024PT5stayedaroundtheEarthforabout3months.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中Carlos(卡洛斯)所说的话“Theasteroidislikely...toconfirmitssize”可知，这颗小行星的确切大小还有待确认。故选B。6．Whydoes2024PT5causenoharmtotheEarth?A．ItlackstheenergytodestroytheEarth.B．Itisactivelymonitoredbythespecialists.C．ItissmallerthantheChelyabinskasteroid.D．ItstrajectoryavoidscollidingwiththeEarth.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Butasamini­moon...betweentheEarthandthemoon.”可知，这块太空岩石将在260万英里外的轨道上运行，大约是地球和月球之间距离的10倍，由此可知，2024PT5不会对地球造成伤害，是因为它的轨道避免了与地球相撞。故选D。7．WhichstatementdoesRobertagreewith?A．Manymini­moonsalwaysexistintheEarth­Moonsystem.B．Mini­moonsaredetectableduetotheirdishwashersize.C．Detectionofmini­moonsboundtotheEarthischallenging.D．Captureofanasteroidenjoysindependenceofspeed.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中Robert(罗伯特)所说的话“Atanygiventime...whentheyremainboundtotheEarth.”可知，Robert指出地月系统中的小卫星体积小，很难被探测到，大多数都没有被发现。由此可推知，他的观点是探测与地球绑定的小卫星是具有挑战性的。故选C。8．WhydoesCarlosplantoobserve2024PT5?A．Tocollectpiecesofthelunarsurface.B．Toobservemini­moonsintheasteroidbelt.C．Toperceivetheprocessofcraterformation.D．TounderstandasteroidimpactsonMoon'ssurface.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中Carlos所说的话“Determiningwheretheycomefrom...fromtheMoon'ssurface(确定它们的来源可以帮助我们了解陨石坑形成的过程，以及物质是如何从月球表面被强力脱离出来的)”可知，Carlos计划观察2024PT5是为了了解陨石坑形成的过程。故选C。Ⅱ应用文写作(2025·广东省普宁市第一中学高三月考)假定你是李华，你和朋友本周六打算去参观中国航天博物馆(ChinaSpaceMuseum)。请你给在你校做交换生的David写一封信，邀请他一起去，内容包括：1．发出邀请；2．主要的参观活动；3．约定会面的时间和地点。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearDavid,