北京西城区2025-2026学年度第二学期期末试卷八年级英语试卷（含答案）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页北京西城区2025—2026学年度第二学期期末试卷八年级英语一、单选题：本大题共8小题，共24分。1.Mr.Greenisahelpfulteacher.________oftengivesusadviceonhowtobeagood-languagelearner.A.You B.She C.He D.It2.Thisyear,theDragonBoatFestivalfell________June19.A.in B.on C.at D.by3.—MustImaketheposterallbymyself?—No,you________.Youcanworkinagroup.A.needn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t4.Afterwinningafewcompetitions,shefelt________thanbefore.A.confident B.moreconfident

C.mostconfident D.themostconfident5.Inthepasttenyears,people________lotsofsolarparksinthedesert.A.built B.build C.willbuild D.havebuilt6.Mysistergraduatedfromcollegeand________anursein2024.A.becomes B.became C.hasbecome D.isbecoming7.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,manypeoplewonderifcashiers________bymachinesinthenearfuture.A.replace B.willreplace

C.willbereplaced D.arereplaced8.—Couldyoupleasetellme________thesportsmeet?—NextFriday.A.whenwewillhold B.whenwillwehold

C.whenweheld D.whendidwehold二、完形填空：本大题共8小题，共24分。Itwasthelastdayofschoolbeforesummerholiday,andeveryonewasinhighspirits.Thesunwasshining,thebirdsweresinging,andtheairwasfilledwith

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.Buttherewasonethingthateveryonewaslookingforwardtomorethananythingelse:theyearlywaterballoonfight.Theschoolwaterballoonfightwasa

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thathadbeengoingonforaslongasanyonecouldremember.Itwasagamebetweenthestudentsandtheteachers,witheachsidetryingto

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theotherwithasmanywaterballoonsaspossible.Therulesweresimple:whoevergottheothersidethewettestwasthewinner.Assoonasthelastclasswasover,thestudentsrushedto

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theirwaterballoonsandheadedoutside.Theteachers,whohadalreadybeenwaiting,quicklysetuptheirdefenses(防御),usingchairsandtablestoprotectthemselvesfromtheattack.Thefightbeganandwaterballoonsflewthroughtheairineverydirection(方向).Thestudentslaughedwithgreatjoyastheyduckedandran,tryingto

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theteachers'waterballoons.Theteacherswereexcitedtoo,andtheysuccessfullyscoredsomedirecthits,drenching(湿透)severalstudents.Asthefightwenton,thestudentsstartedtogaintheupperhand.Theyhadmorepeopleandmorewaterballoons,andtheywereableto

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downtheteachers'defenses.Soon,theteacherswerebackingoff,wetallover.Finally,afterwhatseemedlikehours,thefightcametoanend.Thestudentswerewinning,havingbeatentheteacherswithaseeminglyendlesssupply(供应)ofwaterballoons.Theteachers

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thedefeat(失败)withagoodlaugh,andeveryonefelldownontothegrass,tiredbuthappy.Asthestudentscleanedupandheadedhome,theyknewthattheyhadjustexperiencedsomething

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.Thegreatwaterballoonfightwasmorethanjustagame—itwasatraditionthatbroughteveryonetogether,anditwasamemorythattheywouldvalueforyearstocome.9.A.laughter B.pressure C.worry D.peace10.A.project B.tradition C.challenge D.journey11.A.surprise B.calm C.help D.hit12.A.collect B.drop C.brush D.freeze13.A.block B.break C.avoid D.stop14.A.wear B.turn C.slow D.put15.A.studied B.accepted C.changed D.remembered16.A.risky B.necessary C.surprising D.special三、阅读理解：本大题共9小题，共27分。AAlexhasalwaysbehavedperfectly.Hestudiedhardandlearnedtomakehisopinionslikeable.Hediscoveredwhenhespokepolitely,gaveperfectanswersandgotgoodgrades,parentsandteacherslitup,whichmadehimevenhappier.Basketball,however,wasadifferentstory.Hemadeeveryeffortateachpractice,yetinthegamehealwaysfeltonestepbehind—somethingimportantseemedtobemissing—untilagameheldupamirrortohim.Itwasthebiggestgameoftheyear.CoachMillersenthiminlateinthegame.Thescorewasclose,andthecourtwasloudwithcheers.Alexwentintoposition,quietlyhopingtodohisbest.Whentheballwasinhishand,hehadaclearchancetoshoot.Buthefrozeandlookedforsomeonetopassto.Amomentlater,hehadanotherchance.Hereachedfortheball,butwhenhesawanotherplayercharging(冲)athim,hebackedoff.Bytheendofthegame,Alexhadtouchedtheballfourtimes—movingaroundthecourtbutneverreallygoingforit.Notsurprisingly,histeamlost.Alexwassittingaloneinthelockerroomwithaheavyheart,whenMr.Millersilentlyjoinedhim.“YouknowwhyIputyouin?”Mr.Millerasked.Alexshookhishead.“Becauseyou’reready—youjustdon’tknowityet.”“Ready?Theyranrightthroughme,”Alexsaid,staringathim.“No,yousteppedoutoftheirway.Andthat’stheproblem,Alex.Youhavetheheightandskills,butyouplayeditsafeonthecourt.Youweretooafraidofnotlookingperfect.”“I’vewatchedyouoffthecourttoo.Inthehallway,inclass,you’realwaysmeasuring(权衡),alwaysmakingsureyouranswersareperfect.You’velearnedtobeperfectlybehaved,Alex.Butthatdoesn’twingames.”Alexfeltheatrisetohisface.“ButifIshootandmiss…”“Thenyoumiss,”Mr.Millersaid.“Goodplayersaren’tperfect.Theygofortheballevenwhensomeone’scomingrightatthem.Theyaren’tafraidoflookingstupidorfailinginfrontofeveryone.”Silencefellbetweenthem.Mr.Millerstoodup.“Sametimetomorrow,Alex,remembertoleavetheperfectkidinthelockerroom.”Walkinghome,Alexmadeadecision.Hewouldn’tbeafraidoflookingimperfectanymore—notjustonthecourt,buteverywhere.17.ParentsandteacherswerehappywithAlexbecausehewas________.A.braveandactive B.confidentandoutgoing

C.handsomeandpopular D.well-behavedandhardworking18.HowdidAlexdointhebasketballgame?A.Hedidhisbest. B.Heplayeditsafe.

C.Hescoredfourpoints. D.Hekeptupwithothers.19.AftertalkingwithMr.Miller,Alexprobablylearntthat________.A.fearoffailureholdsoneback B.goodbehaviorleadstosuccess

C.beingpopularbringshappiness D.practicinghardhelpswingamesBHaveyoueverwonderedwhatyourbraindoeswhenyouareasleep?Duringthenight,youmaygothroughseveralroundsofsleepcycle.Ineachcycle,therearedifferentsleepstages,likelightsleep,deepsleep,andREMsleep—thestagewhereyoudreammost.Duringdeepsleep,yourbrainwavesslowdownthemost.Accordingtosleepresearch,thisisalsothetimewhenyourbrain’swaste-cleaningsystemismostactive,helpingremovewastefromthebrain.Thesystemiscalledtheglymphaticsystem.Yourbraincellsneedenergyfromfoodtopowertaskslikethinkingandlearning.Oncethatenergyisused,wasteremains.Thiswastehastobeclearedoutofyourbrain,becausesometypesofitareespeciallyharmfulifleftinyourbraintoolong.That’swhentheglymphaticsystemcomesin—itusesbrainfluid(液体)towashthatwasteoutofyourbrain.AscientistnamedMaikenNedergaardfromDenmarksays,“It’sliketurningonthe‘dishwasher’inyourbrainbeforeyougotobed,andthenyouwakeupwithacleanbrain.”Sheandherteamdidalotofresearchtofindoutwhatactuallypoweredthiscleaningwork.Theteamdiscoveredthatachemicalcallednorepinephrine(NE)playedakeyrole.Duringdeepsleep,thebrainstemsendsouttinywavesofNEaboutevery50seconds.Thesewavescausetinybloodvesselsinthebraintonarrowandwidenregularly.Asthebloodvolume(血量)inthebrainchanges,theflow(流量)ofbrainfluidrisesandfallsaswell.Inthisway,thebloodvesselsworklikesmallpumps(泵),helpingmovebrainfluidthroughthebrainandclearawaywaste.Sonexttimeyouaregettingagreatnight’ssleep,yourbrain’spersonalhero—norepinephrine—ishardatwork,givingyourbrainadeepcleaning.However,whenyouareshortofsleep,you’renotjustlosingrest—you’reallowingwastetobuildupinyourbrain.Ifyouwantyourbraintogetthisnightlywash,makesureyougetenoughdeepsleep.Sticktoaregularbedtimetosetyourbodyclockright.Keepscreensawayanhourbeforesleep,anddosomereadingtohelpyourbrainwinddown.Thesehabitshelpyoustaysharptodayandkeepyourbrainhealthyforyearstocome.Sweetdreams,andhappycleaning!20.Accordingtothepassage,theglymphaticsystemismostactivewhen________.A.youdreammostduringsleep B.wastestaysinthebraintoolong

C.braincellsuseenergyfromfood D.youareinthestageofdeepsleep21.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.WavesofNEarecausedbybloodvesselchanges.

B.Theflowofbrainfluidchangeswithbloodvolume.

C.Theglymphaticsystemworksbetterwithmorebrainfluid.

D.Brainwasteclearanceishardlyinfluencedbybloodvolume.22.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Whereyourbraingetsitspower.

B.Whythebrainneedstoremovewaste.

C.Howthebrainclearswasteduringsleep.

D.Whatyoushoulddotoimproveyoursleep.CYou’veprobablynoticedthatAIisshowingupeverywhere—inhowyoudoresearch,talktofriends,andeventhinkthroughproblems.AlotofteensnowadaysuseAItoolstohelpwithhomeworkorfindinformation.Buthere’swhereitgetscomplicated:howmuchshouldAIactuallyhelp?Workingouttheanswerisharderthanitsounds.Itcanbeeasytojust“putyourhomeworkintoAI”asyougetaperfectanswerinseconds.Onthesurface,itfeelseasy,quick,andharmless.Butthere’sacatch.WhenstudentsjustfeedtheirworkintoanAIchatbot,they’reactuallydoingsomethingcalledcognitiveoffloading.Insteadofusingtheirownbraintothinkthroughaproblem,theypassthehardthinkingontosomethingelse—likeachatbot.Cognitiveoffloadingisn’talwaysbad—wedoitallthetime:wetakeaphotoofnotesinsteadofcopyingthem;weuseGPSinsteadofrememberingtheturns.ButwithAI,itcanbecomeaproblemwhenitreplacesreallearning.Youmightthink,“Idon’tletAIdomyworkTHAToften,I’mstillabletolearnjustfine!”Researchsays:thinkagain.ResearcherscarriedoutastudyonhowAIinfluenceslearning.About1,000highschoolstudentssolvedmathproblemsinthreegroups:oneusedabasicAIchatbot,oneusedatutor(导师)AIthatguidedandsupportedlearninginsteadofsimplygivinganswers,andoneusednoAIatall.WhileAIwasavailable(可用的),studentsusingthebasicAIandtutorAIperformed48%and127%betterthantheno-AIgroup.ButonceAIwastakenaway,thebasic-AIgroupdid17%worsethantheno-AIgroup,whilethetutor-AIgroupshowedlittletonodifference.ThesefindingssuggestAIcanhelpinthemoment—butdependingonittooheavilymaybackfire(适得其反).Thegoalisn’ttoneveruseAI—it’stouseitasatoolthatstrengthensourbrain,notreplacesit.Sowhatshouldyoudo?Youcanstartbyworkingthingsoutonyourownfirst.BuildyourownunderstandingbeforeaskingAI.ThenuseAItoguideyou:askforexplanationsinsteadofjusttheanswer.Finally,checkwhetheryouorAIdidmostofthethinking.Makesuretoavoidthekindofoffloadingthatcanhurtyourlearning.Gettingthingsdonefastsurelyfeelsgood.Buttruelearningcomesfromeffort,struggles,creativity,andproblem-solving—notjustthefinalanswer.23.Whatdothewords“cognitiveoffloading”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Gettingthingsdonequicklyonyourown.

B.Havingyourownideasbeforeaskingforhelp.

C.Thinkingthroughdifficultpartswhilereading.

D.Usingcertaintoolstomakethejobeasierforthebrain.24.Whatdoweknowfromthestudymentionedinthepassage?A.AIreplacestheneedtolearnbasicmath.

B.BasicAIhelpspeoplelearninthelongrun.

C.QuickAIgainsmayweakenfuturelearning.

D.AIuseprovidesclearsupportformathlearning.25.Whichofthefollowingwouldthewritermostprobablyagreewith?A.MindfuluseofAIisnecessaryinlearning.

B.StudentsshoulduseAIwhenthey’reolder.

C.TruelearninghappensinthepresenceofAI.

D.Technologykeepspeoplefromreallearning.四、任务型阅读-简答：本大题共1小题，共16分。26.Imaginethis:alongweekendiscomingup.Somestudentsprefertoplaneverythingindetail,suchasfinishinghomeworkandmeetingfriends.Theyareprobablyplanners.Plannerssetgoalsandorganizetheirtimecarefullytokeepthingsinorder.Othersgowiththeflow(顺其自然).Theyaremorelikelytobenon-planners.Non-plannersseldomsticktofixedplans.Instead,theyenjoysurprisesandoftenmakechoicesbasedonhowtheyfeel.Ihavealwaysbeenastrictplanner.Iliketothinkaheadandplanmytimecarefully.Thishelpsmestayorganized,usemytimewiselyandavoidrushingatthelastminute.Yet,Isometimesgotoofar—IcaresomuchaboutfollowingmyplansthatIforgettoenjoythemoment.MyfriendPeter,however,isanon-planner.Heseldommakesplansandisalwaysopentounexpectedadventures.Icouldn’treallyunderstandhimatfirst,butovertime,Igrewtoaccepthiswayofdoingthings.Now,Ievenenjoyspendingtimewithhimbecauseheoftenintroducesmetonewthingsandhelpsmenoticethebeautyaround.Ourdifferentstylescansometimescauseproblems.Lastmonth,weworkedtogetheronagroupprojectwiththreeotherclassmates.Astheteamleader,Imadeaplan,gaveoutthetasks,andsetcleardeadlines(截止日期).Mostmembersfollowedtheplanandcompletedtheirtasksasexpected.Oftentimes,Peterfailedtofinishhispartontime,whichsomewhatheldtheteamback.However,hewasfullofcreativeideas.Neartheendoftheproject,hesuggestedsomechangestoimproveourwork.Ilikedhisideas,butIworriedthatmakingchangessolatemightslowusdown.Finally,Idecidednottoaccepthissuggestions.Heseemedalittledisappointed,whichmadeourteamworklesspleasantthanIhadexpected.Afterthisexperience,Istartedtoseethingsdifferently.Lifeisnotaboutchoosingonesideortheother.Sometimesweneedaclearplan;sometimesweneedtogowiththeflow.Therealchallengeisstrikingabalancebetweenthetwo.(1)Howdoplannerskeepthingsinorder?____________________________________________________________(2)WhydoesthewriterenjoyspendingtimewithP