Unit 1 挖掘文本深度学习学案-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit1ScienceandScientistsUnit1ScienceandScientistsReadingandThinking：JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”第一遍：词汇短语过关斩将JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”C________(霍乱)usedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscauses2.s_________(十分严重的)3.d_________(腹泻),4.d______________(脱水),andevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecame5.f_________(沮丧的)becausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholera6.____________________(彻底地).Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwo7.c__________(相互矛盾的)theoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Theotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyan8.i________(感染)from9.g________(微生物)infoodorwater.Snow10.s_____________(赞同)thesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneeded11.p_____(证据).Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.Therewere12.m_______(数量多的)deathsnearthewater13.p_____(泵)inBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38and40).However,some14.h_________(家庭)(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snow15.s_________(怀疑)thatwaterpumpwasto16.b______(指责).Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthe17.h_______(手柄)ofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthis18.i_________(介入),thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,Snowwaslaterabletoshowa19.l_____(联系)betweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedby20.r_____(未经处理的)waste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosedrank21.p______(干净的)orboiledwater.ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawa22.s_______(大量的)23.d________(减少).However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldwouldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,24.t_________(幸亏)theworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsand25.s_________(统计学),Snow26.t_________(改变)thewayscientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodern27.e___________(流行病学)._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二遍：基础语法披荆斩棘JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeared1.（disease）intheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andeven2.(dead).Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeopledied3.thedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhow4.(prevent)ortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattended5.QueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesire6._______(destroy)choleraonceandforall.7.general,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplain8.choleraspread.Onetheorywas9.badaircausedthedisease.Theotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneeded10.(prove).Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdetermined11.(find)outwhy.Snowbeganby12.(mark)onamaptheexactplaceswhereallthose13.diedhadlived.ThereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.They14.(give)freebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatwaterpumpwastoblame.Whatis15.(much),inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraafter16.(move)awayfromBroadStreet.Itseemed17.thewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehadit18.(deliver)toherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepump19.(remove)sothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedin20.(it)tracks.Thetruthwas21.thewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,Snowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholera22thedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuch23.(likely)togetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,24.(million)ofpeoplearoundtheworldwouldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedtheway25.scientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snow26.(consider)thefatherofmodernepidemiology.1.______________2.______________3.______________4.______________5.______________6.______________7.______________8.______________9.______________10______________11.______________12.______________13.______________14.______________15.______________16.______________17______________18.______________19.______________20.______________21.______________22.______________23.______________24.______________25.______________26.______________第三遍：基础句法精益求精JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”_________________________________________________________________(霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一),untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.2._____________________________________________________(19世纪初，欧洲爆发霍乱，数百万人死于霍乱。)Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall._____________________________________________________________________________________(一般来说，当时的医生有两种相互矛盾的理论来解释霍乱是如何传播的。)Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.4.________________________________________________________________________(另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。)Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.________________________________________________________________________(Snow开始是在地图上标出所有死去的人居住过的确切地点。)ThereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatwaterpumpwastoblame.Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.6.____________________________________________________(通过这一干预措施，疾病得以遏制。)_____________________________________________________________________________________(事实是，街上水泵的水已经被垃圾污染了)Moreover,SnowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.8.______________________________________________________________________________________(喝这种水的人比喝纯净水或白开水的人更容易得霍乱。)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(通过斯诺的不懈努力，自来水公司开始销售清洁水，全球霍乱的威胁也大幅减少。)However,choleraisstillaproblem.10.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________(每年，全世界有数百万人感染霍乱，许多人死于霍乱。)Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.11.___________________________________________________________________________________________(此外，Snow在使用地图和统计学的过程中，改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。)Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology.UsingLanguage：TheFatherofChina’sAerospace&AWorldofPureThought第一遍：词汇短语过关斩将TheFatherofChina’sAerospacePerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChina’s1.a_________(航空航天事业)sciencethanQianXuesen.DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStoryofQianXuesenasamanwith“greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit”whowas2.p________(爱国的)andservedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,Qianwasanextremelywell-respectedman.BorninHangzhouin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailway3.M_________(机械的)Engineering.However,aftertheSonghuBattle4.b__________(爆发)in1932，Qianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajorto5.a________(航空制造业)becauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectand6.d_______(保卫)thecountry.QianwenttotheUnitedStatesin1935topursuehisgraduatestudies.Overthecourseofthe1930sand1940s,QianbecameapioneerinAmerican7.j_____(喷气式飞机)androckettechnology.Asagraduate8.a_______(助理)attheCaliforniainstituteofTechnologyduringthe1930s,Qianhelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion,andinthe1940s,heandseveralotherpeoplefoundedtheJetPropulsionLaboratory,nowoneofNASA’Sleadingspace-explorationcentres.AfterovercomingsomedifficultiesduringhisfinalfewyearsintheUSQianreturnedtoChinain1955.Hereceivedahero’swelcomefromhishomelandandwasput9.i____________(主管)notonlydevelopingChina’srocketsciencebutalsoitsspaceand10.m________(导弹)programme.Atthattime,Chinawaspooranditsrocketsciencewasundeveloped.NoinstituteoruniversityinChinaofferedrocketscienceasamajor,andtherewerenotalentsorexpertsinthisfieldinChina.Nevertheless,Qiandidnotletthatdiscouragehimfromtakingonthechallenge.Whenasked“CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles?”hisreplywasadetermined“Whynot?WeChineseareabletomakethesamethingsthatotherpeoplemake.”UnderQians11.l__________(领导),ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmissiles,followedbythefirstgenerationofLongMarchrockets.In1970,Chinasuccessfullauncheditsfirstman-madesatellite,DongFangHongI,fromaLongMarchrocket.BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourocketscanalsobe12.t_______(追踪)backtoQian’sresearch,Qianearnedthenameof“thefatherofChina’saerospace.”Qianreadalotandwasextremelyknowledgeable,especiallyintheareaoffrontierscienceresearch.However,whatmighthavemadehimsuchan13.o_________(杰出的)andcreativescientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusicanddrawing.Hisdeepappreciationforartoftengavehiminspirationinhisscientificresearch.On31October2009,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyQian’sdeath,andpeoplehonouredandrememberedhimindifferentways.AworldofPureThoughtStephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand14.g______(有天赋的)scientistsinphysics.Mostpeoplearefamiliarwithimagesofhiminhiswheelchairunabletomoveandusingacomputertotalk.Sincehe15.c__________(患病)withadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscleshisworldbecameoneof16.a________(抽象的)thought.Hawkingfirstachievedfamewhenhewasstillhealthyenoughtowalk,asagraduatestudentinphysicsatCambridgeUniversityin1964.Ingeneralthereweretwomaintheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverse.Thefirstwasthe17.s_______(稳定的)statetheory,whichholdsthattheuniversehasnobeginningorend.Theotherwasthebigbangtheory,whichholdsthattheuniversebeganatasinglepointintimeandspace.Thebiggestchampionofthesteadystate18.c________(概念)wasFredHoyle,aprofessoratCambridge.DuringthequestionandanswerperiodafteroneofHoyle’slectures,HawkingstoodupandpointedoutthatHoylehadmadeamistakeinhismaths.Oncethemathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbangtheory—andnotthesteadystatetheory—wastrue.Hawking’sownworkonthebigbangtheorywassoonprovenby19.a__________(天文学家)with20.t________(望远镜).Astarwasborn.So,whatmadeStephenHawkingagenius?21.B_______(除此之外)being22.b_______(聪颖的),hewasbrave,thoughsometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid.Hewaswillingtosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay,andtodreamofwhatotherswereafraidtodreamabout.23.F__________(此外),hewasquitedetermined.Thishadhelpedhimasascientist,andhadhelpedhimevenmoreinhisfightagainsthisdisease.24.A__________(最重要的是),Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithis25.f______(过错).Thisoddcombinationofcharacteristicshadmadehimoneofthegreatestthinkersofthe20thand21stcenturies.1.______________2.______________3.______________4.______________5._______________6._______________7._______________8._______________9._______________10.______________11.____________12.____________13.____________14.____________15.____________16.____________17.____________18.____________19.____________20.____________21.____________22.____________23.____________24.____________25.____________第二遍：基础语法披荆斩棘TheFatherofChina’sAerospacePerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpact1.______China’saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen.DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStoryofQianXuesen2.______amanwith“greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit”whowaspatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort,3.______(achieve),anddevotion,Qianwasan4.______(extreme)well­respectedman.BorninHangzhouin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailway5.______(mechanic)Engineering.However,aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932,Qianmadethedecision6.______(switch)hismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsown7.______(power)airforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry.QianwenttotheUnitedStatesin19358.______(pursue)hisgraduatestudies.Overthecourseofthe1930sand1940s,Qianbecame9.______pioneerinAmericanjetandrockettechnology.Asagraduate10.______(assist)attheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyduringthe1930s,Qianhelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion,andinthe1940s,heandseveralotherpeople11.______(found)theJetPropulsionLaboratory,nowoneofNASA’s12.______(lead)space­explorationcentres.After13.______(overcome)somedifficultiesduringhisfinalfewyearsintheUS,Qianreturned14.______Chinain1955.Hereceivedahero’swelcomefromhishomelandand15.______(put)inchargeofnotonlydevelopingChina’srocketsciencebutalsoitsspaceandmissileprogramme.Atthattime,Chinawaspooranditsrocketsciencewas16.______(develop).NoinstituteoruniversityinChinaofferedrocketscienceasamajor,andtherewerenotalents17.______expertsinthisfieldinChina.Nevertheless,Qiandidnotletthatdiscouragehim18.______takingonthechallenge.When19.______(ask)“CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles？”，hisreplywasa20.______(determine)“Whynot?WeChineseareabletomakethesamethings21.______otherpeoplemake.UnderQian’sleadership,ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmissiles,followedbythefirst22.______(generate)ofLongMarchrockets.In1970,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman­madesatellite,DongFangHongⅠ，fromaLongMarchrocket.BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourocketscanalso23.______(trace)backtoQian’sresearch,Qianearnedthenameof“thefatherofChina’saerospace”．Qianreadalotandwasextremely24.______(knowledge),especiallyintheareaoffrontierscienceresearch.However,whatmighthavemadehimsuchanoutstandingand25.______(create)scientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusicanddrawing.Hisdeepappreciationforartoftengavehim26.______(inspire)inhisscientificresearch.On31October2009,thewholecountrysaddenedbyQian’sdeath,andpeoplehonouredandrememberedhimindifferentways.AworldofPureThoughtStephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand27.______(gift)scientistsinphysics.Mostpeoplearefamiliar28.______imagesofhiminhiswheelchair,unabletomoveandusingacomputertotalk.Sincehecamedown29.______adiseasewhichcausedhim30.______(lose)theuseofmostofhismuscles,hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.Hawkingfirstachievedfamewhenhewasstillhealthyenough31.______(walk),asagraduatestudentinphysicsatCambridgeUniversityin1964.32.______general,thereweretwomaintheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverse.Thefirstwasthesteadystatetheory,whichholds33.______theuniversehasnobeginningorend.Theotherwasthebigbangtheory,34.______holdsthattheuniversebeganatasinglepointintimeandspace.The35.______(big)championofthesteadystateconceptwasFredHoyle,aprofessoratCambridge.DuringthequestionandanswerperiodafteroneofHoyle’slectures,HawkingstoodupandpointedoutthatHoyle44.madeamistakeinhismaths.36.______themathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbangtheory—andnotthesteadystatetheory—wastrue.Hawking’sownworkonthebigbangtheorywassoonprovenbyastronomers37.______telescopes.Astarwasborn.So,whatmadeStephenHawkingagenius?Besides38.______(be)brilliant,hewasbrave,thoughsometimescarelessin39.______hesaidordid.Hewaswillingtosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay,andtodreamofwhatotherswereafraidtodreamabout.Furthermore,hewasquite40.______(determine).Thishadhelpedhim41.______ascientist,andhadhelpedhimevenmoreinhisfightagainsthisdisease.Aboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.Thisodd42.______(combine)ofcharacteristicshadmadehimoneofthe43.______(great)thinkersofthe20thand21stcenturies.1.______________2.______________3.______________4.______________5.______________6.______________7.______________8.______________9.______________10._____________11._____________12._____________13._____________14._____________15._____________16._____________17._____________18._____________19._____________20._____________21._____________22._____________23._____________24._____________25._____________26._____________27._____________28._____________29._____________30._____________31._____________32._____________33._____________34._____________35._____________36._____________37._____________38._____________39._____________40._____________41._____________42._____________43._____________第三遍：基础句法精益求精TheFatherofChina’sAerospace1._____________________________________________________________________(也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。)DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStoryofQianXuesenasamanwith“greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit”whowaspatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,Qianwasanextremelywell-respectedman.BorninHangzhouin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailwayMechanicalEngineering.However,aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932，QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry.QianwenttotheUnitedStatesin1935topursuehisgraduatestudies.Overthecourseofthe1930sand1940s,QianbecameapioneerinAmericanjetandrockettechnology.AsagraduateassistantattheCaliforniainstituteofTechnologyduringthe1930s,Qianhelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion,andinthe1940s,heandseveralotherpeoplefoundedtheJetPropulsionLaboratory,nowoneofNASA’Sleadingspace-explorationcentres.AfterovercomingsomedifficultiesduringhisfinalfewyearsintheUSQianreturnedtoChinain1955.2.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。)3.___________________________________________________________(那时候，中国还很贫穷，火箭科学尚不发达。)NoinstituteoruniversityinChinaofferedrocketscienceasamajor,andtherewerenotalentsorexpertsinthisfieldinChina.Nevertheless,Qiandidnotletthatdiscouragehimfromtakingonthechallenge.Whenasked“CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles?”hisreplywasadetermined“Whynot?WeChineseareabletomakethesamethingsthatotherpeoplemake.”UnderQiansleadership,ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmissiles,followedbythefirstgenerationofLongMarchrockets.In1970,China