2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二真题回忆版

2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二真题回忆版SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theconceptof"digitaldetox"hasgainedconsiderabletractioninrecentyears,yetitsimplementationremainsfraughtwithchallenges.Assmartphonesbecomeincreasingly__1__todailylife,theideaofunpluggingseemsalmostheretical.Werelyonthesedevicesforeverythingfromnavigationtocommunication,makingtheprospectof__2__themeventemporarilyfeellikeastepbackintotheStoneAge.However,psychologistsarguethatthisconstantconnectivityis__3__atollonourmentalhealth.Thedopamineloopsengineeredbytechcompaniesaredesignedtokeepus__4__.Everynotification,like,orcommenttriggersasmallreleaseofthisneurotransmitter,reinforcingthebehaviorthat__5__it.Thisbiologicalmechanismmakesitextremelydifficultto__6__thehabitofcheckingourphonesincessantly.Consequently,manypeoplefindthemselvesinastateof"continuouspartialattention,"unabletofocusonasingletaskfor__7__.Proponentsofdigitaldetoxsuggestthatsetting__8__boundariesisessential.Thisdoesn'tnecessarilymeanabandoningtechnologyaltogether,butratherusingitwith__9__.Forinstance,turningoffnotificationsduringworkhoursorkeepingphonesoutofthebedroomcansignificantlyimprovesleepqualityandproductivity.Thegoalistoregain__10__overourdigitaltoolsratherthanallowingthemtocontrolus.Critics,however,pointoutthatthedigitaldetoxmovementoften__10__thesystemicissuesatplay.Itplacestheburdenofresponsibilitysolelyontheindividual,ignoringthefactthattechgiantsspendbillionstomaketheirproducts__12__.Fromthisperspective,askinguserstosimply"putdownthephone"isakintotellingafishtoswimwithoutwater.Amoresustainablesolution,theyargue,wouldinvolveregulatorychangesthatforcecompaniestodesignproductswithuserwell-beinginmind.Despitethedebate,onethingisclear:ourrelationshipwithtechnologyiscomplex.Whileitoffersunparalleledconvenienceandaccesstoinformation,italsodemandsahighlevelofself-awareness.Findingtheright__13__isnotaboutrejectingmodernity,butaboutnavigatingitwithintention.Aswemovefurtherintothedigitalage,theabilitytodisconnectwilllikelybecomeoneofthemostvaluable__14__apersoncanpossess.Itallowsustoreconnectwiththephysicalworld,fosterdeeprelationships,andengageinthekindofuninterruptedthoughtthatisnecessaryforcreativityandpersonalgrowth.Ultimately,thedigitaldetoxisnotjustaboutturningoffadevice;itisaboutturning__15__tolife.1.[A]alien[B]integral[C]inferior[D]hostile2.[A]utilizing[B]repairing[C]forgoing[D]upgrading3.[A]taking[B]bringing[C]calling[D]putting4.[A]engaged[B]isolated[C]confused[D]exhausted5.[A]follows[B]precedes[C]contradicts[D]justifies6.[A]cultivate[B]break[C]analyze[D]ignore7.[A]good[B]fun[C]long[D]sure8.[A]rigid[B]flexible[C]vague[D]arbitrary9.[A]reluctance[B]abandon[C]impunity[D]intention10.[A]control[B]insight[C]track[D]care11.[A]addresses[B]overlooks[C]exaggerates[D]solves12.[A]addictive[B]durable[C]expensive[D]simple13.[A]partner[B]career[C]balance[D]method14.[A]assets[B]habits[C]rights[D]gadgets15.[A]back[B]away[C]over[D]downSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Therapidurbanizationofthedevelopingworldhasbroughtwithitauniquesetofchallenges,nonemorepressingthanthemanagementofwaste.InmegacitieslikeLagos,Mumbai,andJakarta,thesheervolumeofrefusegenerateddailyoverwhelmsmunicipalinfrastructure.Traditionalwastemanagementsystems,oftenmodeledonthoseintheWest,struggletocopewiththedensityandtheorganiccompositionofwasteintheseregions.However,amidstthepilesoftrash,aneweconomyisemerging—onethatturnswasteintowealth.Thisinformaleconomy,drivenby"wastepickers,"operatesatthegrassrootslevel.Individuals,oftenfromthemostmarginalizedcommunities,scourlandfillsandstreetsforrecyclablematerials.Theycollectplastic,paper,andmetal,sellingthemtomiddlemenwhoeventuallysellthematerialstorecyclingplants.Whilethisworkishazardousandunregulated,itisincrediblyefficient.Studiesestimatethatwastepickersrecycleupto90%oftheplasticinsomedevelopingcities,aratefarhigherthaninmostdevelopednations.Despitetheircontribution,wastepickersfacesignificantsocialandeconomichurdles.Theylacklegalrecognition,socialprotection,andbasiclaborrights.Municipalgovernmentsfrequentlyviewthemasanuisanceratherthanavitalpartofthesanitationecosystem.Insomecases,cityplannersattempttoprivatizewastemanagement,effectivelypushingwastepickersoutoftheloopinfavorofformal,oftenforeign,companies.Thisapproach,however,isshort-sighted.Integratingwastepickersintotheformalsystemoffersawin-winsolution.Byprovidingthemwithuniforms,safetygear,andafixedwage,citiescanimproveworkingconditionsandincreaserecyclingrates.Formalizationalsoallowsforbetterdatacollectionandplanning.Insteadofdisplacingtheseworkers,smartcitiesarefindingwaystoharnesstheirintimateknowledgeofwastestreams.Forexample,inBogotá,Colombia,thegovernmentpartneredwithwastepickercooperatives,grantingthemexclusiverightstocertainrecyclablematerials.Theresultwasacleanercityandahigherstandardoflivingfortheworkers.Thetransitiontoacirculareconomyrequiresaparadigmshiftinhowweviewwaste.Itisnotmerelyrubbishtobedisposedof,butaresourcetobemanaged.TheinformalwastesectorintheGlobalSouthprovidesablueprintforthistransition.Byrecognizingandsupportingtheworkofwastepickers,developingnationscantackleenvironmentaldegradationwhileliftingmillionsoutofpoverty.16.Themainproblemwithtraditionalwastemanagementindevelopingmegacitiesisthatit______.[A]istooexpensivetomaintain[B]failstohandlethevolumeandnatureofwaste[C]reliestooheavilyonforeigntechnology[D]lacksgovernmentsupport17.Accordingtothetext,wastepickersarevaluablebecausethey______.[A]workforfree[B]haveaccesstoadvancedtechnology[C]achievehighrecyclingrates[D]areemployedbythegovernment18.Theword"nuisance"(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto______.[A]threat[B]partner[C]source[D]annoyance19.TheauthormentionstheexampleofBogotátoillustrate______.[A]thefailureofprivatization[B]thebenefitsofintegratingwastepickers[C]thedifficultyoforganizingcooperatives[D]theenvironmentalimpactofplastic20.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardswastepickers?[A]Sympatheticandsupportive[B]Criticalanddismissive[C]Neutralandobjective[D]SkepticalandcautiousText2Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)intheworkplacehassparkedfearsofwidespreadjobdisplacement.Whileitistruethatautomationcanreplaceroutinetasks,historysuggeststhattechnologyoftencreatesmorejobsthanitdestroys.TheIndustrialRevolution,forinstance,eliminatedartisanalrolesbutgaverisetothefactorysystemandamultitudeofnewprofessions.TheAIrevolutionislikelytofollowasimilarpattern,butwithadistincttwist:itwillchangenotjustwhatwedo,buthowwethink.OneofthemostsignificantimpactsofAIwillbetheaugmentationofhumancapabilities.AIsystemsexcelatprocessingvastamountsofdataandidentifyingpatternsthatwouldbeimpossibleforhumanstodetect.Infieldslikehealthcare,AIcananalyzemedicalimagestoassistdoctorsindiagnosingdiseasesearlierandmoreaccurately.Infinance,algorithmscanpredictmarkettrendsandmanageriskswithgreaterprecision.Ratherthanreplacingdoctorsorfinancialanalysts,AIactsasapowerfultoolthatenhancestheirexpertise.However,thisshiftdemandsanewsetofskills.Theabilitytointeractwithmachines,interpretdata,andunderstandalgorithmiclogicwillbecomeasimportantastraditionalliteracy.Thisdoesnotmeaneveryoneneedstobecomeacomputerprogrammer,but"AIliteracy"willbeessentialacrossallsectors.Workerswillneedtocollaboratewithintelligentmachines,directingthemandinterpretingtheiroutputs.Thishuman-AIcollaborationrequirescriticalthinking,creativity,andemotionalintelligence—traitsthatmachinescurrentlylack.Educationsystemsmustadapttopreparetheworkforceforthisfuture.Thecurrentmodel,whichemphasizesrotememorizationandstandardizedtesting,isill-suitedforanerawhereinformationisreadilyavailableandmachinescanoutperformhumansincognitivetasks.Instead,educationshouldfocusonfosteringproblem-solvingabilitiesandadaptability.Lifelonglearningwillbecomethenorm,asthehalf-lifeoftechnicalskillsshrinks.Furthermore,theethicalimplicationsofAIintheworkplacecannotbeignored.Issuessuchasalgorithmicbias,dataprivacy,andthetransparencyofdecision-makingprocessesneedtobeaddressed.GovernmentsandcorporationsmustworktogethertoestablishregulationsthatensureAIisusedresponsibly.Thegoalshouldbetocreateafuturewheretechnologyserveshumanity,ratherthantheotherwayaround.Ultimately,theintegrationofAIintotheworkplaceisanopportunitytoredefinethenatureofwork.Byautomatingthemundane,wecanfreehumanstofocusonhigher-levelactivitiesthatrequireempathy,innovation,andstrategicthought.Thefutureofworkisnotabouthumansversusmachines,buthumanswithmachines.21.TheauthorcomparestheAIrevolutiontotheIndustrialRevolutiontoshowthat______.[A]bothcausedmassiveunemployment[B]technologycreatesnewtypesofjobs[C]AIismoredangerousthanprevioustechnologies[D]historyalwaysrepeatsitself22.AccordingtoParagraph2,AIinhealthcareandfinancefunctionsasa______.[A]replacementforhumanworkers[B]tooltoenhancehumanperformance[C]sourceofethicalproblems[D]barriertoprofessionalgrowth23."AIliteracy"(Para.3)likelyreferstotheabilityto______.[A]writecomplexcode[B]replacehumanworkers[C]understandandworkwithAIsystems[D]avoidusingcomputers24.Theauthorsuggeststhatcurrenteducationsystemsshould______.[A]focusmoreonrotememorization[B]reducetheemphasisontechnicalskills[C]prioritizeproblem-solvingandadaptability[D]preparestudentsforspecific,unchangingjobs25.Thetextconcludesthatthefutureofworkwillbecharacterizedby______.[A]conflictbetweenhumansandmachines[B]totalautomationofalltasks[C]collaborationbetweenhumansandmachines[D]areturntoartisanalrolesText3Theconceptof"quietquitting"—doingexactlywhatthejobdescriptionrequiresandnothingmore—hastakenthecorporateworldbystorm.Whilesomecriticslabelitaslazinessoralackofambition,acloserexaminationrevealsittobearationalresponsetoabrokenworkplacesocialcontract.Fordecades,employeeswerepromisedthatiftheyworkedhardandstayedloyal,theywouldberewardedwithjobsecurityandupwardmobility.Inrecentyears,thatpromisehasbeenshatteredbywavesoflayoffs,stagnantwages,andacultureofburnout.Thepandemicservedasacatalystforthisshift.The"GreatResignation"sawmillionsofworkersreevaluatingtheirpriorities.Facedwiththefragilityoflife,manydecidedthatsacrificingtheirmentalhealthforacorporationthatviewedthemasdisposablewasnolongerworthit.Remoteworkalsoblurredtheboundariesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife,leadingtolongerhoursandincreasedstress.Quietquittingemergedasadefensemechanism,awayforemployeestoreclaimtheirtimeandenergy.However,quietquittingisnotmerelyaboutdisengagement;itisalsoasymptomofpoormanagement.Whenemployeesfeelundervaluedandunheard,theirmotivationnaturallyplummets.Managerswhofailtoprovidecleargoals,recognition,andopportunitiesforgrowthcannotexpectextraordinaryeffort.The"hustleculture"thatglorifiesoverworkisincreasinglybeingrejectedbyaworkforcethatdemandsbalanceandrespect.Thistrendpresentsachallengeforleaders.Tocombatquietquitting,organizationsneedtomovebeyondperformativewellnessinitiativesandaddresstherootcausesofdissatisfaction.Thismeansre-evalutingcompensationstructurestoensurefairpay,providinggenuineflexibility,andfosteringacultureofpsychologicalsafety.Employeesneedtofeelthattheircontributionsmatterandthattheyhaveavoiceinthecompany'sdirection.Moreover,thedefinitionofsuccessneedstoberedefined.Successshouldnotbemeasuredsolelybyhoursloggedoremailssentonweekends,butbyoutcomesandimpact.Aresults-orientedworkenvironment(ROWE)allowsemployeestoworkwhenandwheretheyaremostproductive,aslongastheydeliverresults.Thisshiftrequirestrustandautonomy,qualitiesthatareoftenlackingintraditionalhierarchicalorganizations.Ultimately,quietquittingisawake-upcall.Itsignalsthattheoldwaysofworkingarenolongersustainable.Companiesthatignorethismessagerisklosingtheirtoptalenttocompetitorswhounderstandthatemployeesarehumanbeings,notjustresources.Thefutureofworkbelongstoorganizationsthatprioritizewell-beingandpurposealongsideprofit.26.Accordingtothetext,"quietquitting"isessentiallyareactionto______.[A]lazinessandlackofambition[B]abrokenpromisebyemployers[C]thedifficultyofremotework[D]adesireforearlyretirement27.Thepandemicinfluencedthistrendby______.[A]forcingcompaniestolayoffworkers[B]makingemployeesrealizethevalueoflifebalance[C]increasingthedemandforremotework[D]provingthathardworkleadstosuccess28.Theauthoridentifiespoormanagementasacauseofquietquittingbecauseit______.[A]failstomotivateemployees[B]focusestoomuchonresults[C]providestoomuchflexibility[D]avoidsclearcommunication29.Toaddressquietquitting,theauthorsuggeststhatcompaniesshould______.[A]monitoremployeeactivitymoreclosely[B]encouragea"hustleculture"[C]adoptaresults-orientedworkenvironment[D]reducetheworkloadforeveryone30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?[A]TheDangersofLazinessintheWorkplace[B]QuietQuitting:ASymptomofSystemicIssues[C]HowtoManageRemoteTeamsEffectively[D]TheEndoftheCorporateWorldText4Forcenturies,themodelofhighereducationremainedlargelyunchanged:aprofessorstoodatthefrontofalecturehall,transmittingknowledgetostudentswhosatpassivelyinrows.Thismodel,rootedinthemedievaluniversity,wasdesignedforanerawheninformationwasscarceandtheteacherwastheprimarysourceofknowledge.Today,weliveinanageofinformationabundance,wherethesumofhumanknowledgeisjustaclickaway.Thisshifthasrenderedthetraditionallecturemodelobsoleteandsparkedademandforamorepersonalized,learner-centeredapproach.TheriseofonlinelearningplatformslikeCourseraandedXhasbeenadisruptiveforce.Theseplatformsoffercoursesfromtopuniversitiestoanyonewithaninternetconnection,oftenforfree.Thisdemocratizationofaccesschallengestheexclusivityoftheivorytower.However,simplymovinglecturesonlineisnotenough.Trueinnovationliesinusingtechnologytotailoreducationtotheindividualneedsofthestudent.Adaptivelearningtechnologiesareattheforefrontofthisrevolution.Thesesystemsusealgorithmstoanalyzeastudent'sperformanceinreal-time,adjustingthedifficultyandstyleofthecontenttomatchtheirproficiencylevel.Ifastudentstruggleswithaconcept,thesystemprovidesadditionalresourcesandpracticeproblems.Iftheyexcel,thesystemintroducesmorechallengingmaterial.Thisensuresthatnostudentisleftbehindandnoneareboredbymaterialthatistooeasy.Furthermore,theroleoftheeducatorisshiftingfrom"sageonthestage"to"guideontheside."Inthisnewparadigm,teachersfacilitatediscussions,mentorstudents,andhelpthemapplyknowledgetoreal-worldproblems.Thefocusmovesfromcontentmasterytocompetencydevelopment.Skillssuchascriticalthinking,collaboration,andcommunicationareprioritizedoverrotememorizationoffacts.Criticsarguethattechnologycannotreplacethehumanelementofeducation.Theyarecorrect.Whileadaptivesoftwarecanteachmathorgrammar,itcannotprovidetheempathy,inspiration,andmoralguidancethatagreatteachercan.Themosteffectiveeducationalmodelswilllikelybe"hybrid"modelsthatcombinetheefficiencyoftechnologywiththeirreplaceablehumantouch.Blendedlearning,whichmixesonlineinstructionwithface-to-faceinteraction,offersthebestofbothworlds.Theuniversitiesofthefuturewillnotnecessarilybedefinedbytheircampuses,butbytheirabilitytocurateknowledgeandfostercommunity.Theywillserveashubsforresearch,innovation,andsocialinteraction,whilethebulkofcontentdeliveryhappensonline.Thistransformationwillbepainfulforinstitutionsresistanttochange,butitisinevitable.Thegoalofeducationhasalwaysbeentoempowerindividuals,andtechnologyoffersunprecedentedtoolstoachievethatgoalonaglobalscale.31.Thetraditionalmodelofhighereducationisdescribedasobsoletebecause______.[A]itistooexpensivetomaintain[B]informationisnoweasilyaccessible[C]professorsarenolongerqualified[D]studentsarelessintelligentthanbefore32.Accordingtothetext,adaptivelearningtechnologies______.[A]replacetheneedforteachers[B]allowstudentstolearnattheirownpace[C]areonlyavailableformathandscience[D]makeeducationlesspersonalized33.Thephrase"sageonthestage"(Para.4)referstothetraditionalroleofteachersas______.[A]entertainers[B]disciplinarians[C]primarysourcesofknowledge[D]facilitatorsofdiscussion34.Theauthorbelievesthatthefutureofeducationliesin______.[A]fullyonlinecourses[B]ahybridapproachcombiningtechnologyandhumaninteraction[C]abandoningthetraditionaluniversitysystem[D]focusingsolelyonvocationalskills35.Thetextismainlyabout______.[A]thehistoryofhighereducation[B]thefailureofonlinelearningplatforms[C]thetechnologicaltransformationofeducation[D]theimportanceoftraditionalcampuslifePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]StartSmallandBuildMomentum[B]EmbraceFailureasaLearningTool[C]DefineYourCoreValues[D]ThePowerofHabitStacking[E]FocusonSystems,NotJustGoals[F]CultivateaGrowthMindset[G]SeekExternalAccountability41.Manypeoplesetambitiousgoals,onlytoabandonthemweekslater.Theproblemoftenliesnotinthelackofdesire,butinthelackofaconcretesystem.Agoalismerelyatarget;asystemistheprocessyoufollowtoachieveit.Forexample,ifyourgoalistowriteabook,thesystemisyourwritingschedule.Byfocusingonthesystem—showinguptowriteeveryday—youensureprogressregardlessofyourimmediatemotivation.Systemsprovidethestructurethatturnsabstractaspirationsintotangibleresults.42.Motivationisoftenfleeting,whichiswhyrelyingonwillpoweraloneisarecipeforfailure.Amoreeffectivestrategyis"habitstacking,"whichinvolveslinkinganewhabittoanexistingone.Ifyoualreadybrushyourteetheverymorning,usethatasacuetodofiveminutesofstretchingimmediatelyafter.Byanchoringthenewbehaviortoanestablishedroutine,youreducethementalfrictionrequiredtogetstarted.Overtime,thesesmall,stackedhabitscompoundintosignificantlifestylechanges.43.Whenembarkingonajourneyofself-improvement,itistemptingtooverhaulyourentirelifeovernight.However,radicalchangesareoftenunsustainable.Instead,startwithridiculouslysmallsteps.Ifyouwanttostartrunning,beginbyputtingonyourrunningshoesandsteppingoutsideforjusttwominutes.Thegoalisnotthedistance,buttheconsistency.Oncethehabitisestablished,youcangraduallyincreasetheintensity.Smallwinsbuildtheconfidenceandmomentumneededtotacklebiggerchallenges.44.Thefearoffailureparalyzesmanypeople,preventingthemfromeventrying.However,failureisnottheoppositeofsuccess;itisapartofit.Everymistakeprovidesvaluabledataaboutwhatdoesn'twork,bringingyouclosertoasolution.Adoptingagrowthmindsetmeansviewingchallengesasopportunitiestoexpandyourabilitiesratherthanasthreatstoyourego.Whenyoureframefailureasfeedback,thestigmadisappears,andyoubecomemoreresilientinthefaceofsetbacks.45.Itiseasytobreakapromisetoyourself,butitismuchhardertobreakapromisetoothers.Thisiswhereexternalaccountabilitycomesin.Findanaccountabilitypartner—afriend,colleague,orcoach—whochecksinonyourprogress.Youcanalsomakeacommitmentcontract,whereyouagreetodonatemoneytoacauseyoudislikeifyoufailtomeetyourtarget.Thesocialpressureandpotentialconsequencesprovideapowerfulexternalincentivetostayontrackwhenyourinternalmotivationdips.SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthewaywecommunicate,blurringthelinesbetweenprofessionalandpersonalspheres.Whilethisconnectivityoffersunprecedentedconvenience,italsocreatesan"always-on"culturethatcanleadtoburnout.Employeesoftenfeelpressuredtorespondtoemailsandmessagesoutsideofworkinghours,erodingtheboundariesnecessaryforrestandrecovery.Tocounterthis,somecountrieshaveintroducedlegislationgrantingworkersthe"righttodisconnect."Thislegalframeworkaimstoprotectemployees'leisuretimeandmentalhealthbyprohibitingemployersfromrequiringwork-relatedcommunicationduringnon-workhours.However,lawsalonearenotsufficient;aculturalshiftisalsoneeded.Organizationsmustfosteranenvironmentwhereunpluggingisnormalizedandrespected,ensuringthattechnologyservesasatoolforproductivityratherthanaleashofcontrol.SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions:SupposeyouarethepresidentoftheuniversityStudentUnion.Writeanemailtoallinternationalstudentsto:1)welcomethemtotheuniversity,2)introducetheupcoming"CulturalExperienceWeek,"and3)invitethemtoparticipateintheactivities.YoushouldwriteclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB48.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourreasons.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)ChartDescription:Thechartisabarchartillustratingthechangesinthereadinghabitsofcollegestudentsfrom2018to2023.ThepercentageofstudentsreadingE-booksincreasedsteadilyfrom30%in2018to65%in2023.ThepercentageofstudentsreadingPrintedbooksdecreasedfrom70%in2018to45%in2023.ThepercentageofstudentslisteningtoAudiobooksshowedaslightincreasefrom10%in2018to25%in2023.***参考答案与解析SectionIUseofEnglish1.[B]integral解析：句意：随着智能手机变得与日常生活日益不可或缺，断网的想法几乎被视为异端。integral意为“不可或缺的、完整的”，符合语境。alien（陌生的）、inferior（低劣的）、hostile（敌对的）均不符合。2.[C]forgoing解析：句意：即使是暂时放弃使用它们，感觉也像是退回到石器时代。forgo意为“放弃、摒弃”，符合语境。utilize（利用）、repair（修理）、upgrade（升级）均不符合。3.[A]taking解析：固定搭配takeatollon，意为“对……造成损失/伤害”。4.[A]engaged解析：句意：科技公司设计的多巴胺循环旨在让我们保持参与。engaged意为“参与的、投入的”，符合语境。isolated（孤立的）、confused（困惑的）、exhausted（精疲力竭的）不符合。5.[B]precedes解析：句意：这种机制强化了先于它的行为。即先有行为，后有奖励。precedes意为“先于”。follows（跟随）、contradicts（矛盾）、justifies（证明……正当）均不符合逻辑。6.[B]break解析：句意：这种生物机制使得很难打破不断查看手机的习惯。breakahabit为固定搭配，意为“改掉习惯”。7.[C]long解析：句意：无法长时间专注于单一任务。forlong意为“长久地”。8.[A]rigid解析：句意：支持者建议设定严格的界限至关重要。虽然flexible（灵活的）在某些语境下可行，但根据后文“turningoff...keepingphonesout”，这需要明确的界限，rigid（严格的、僵硬的）更符合“detox”的彻底性。但考虑到语境是“detox”，通常需要坚定的界限。然而，也有人认为要灵活。此处结合下文“doesn'tnecessarilymeanabandoning...butusingwithintention”，可能rigid指设定明确的底线。选A较为合适。9.[D]intention解析：句意：有意识地使用。withintention意为“有意识地”。reluctance（不情愿）、abandon（抛弃）、impunity（不受惩罚）不符合。10.[A]control解析：句意：目标是对我们的数字工具重新获得控制权。regaincontrolover为常见搭配。11.[B]overlooks解析：句意：批评者指出，数字排毒运动往往忽视了其中存在的系统性问题。overlooks意为“忽视”。addresses（处理）、exaggerates（夸大）、solves（解决）均不符合。12.[A]addictive解析：句意：科技公司花费数十亿让产品令人上瘾。addictive意为“上瘾的”。13.[C]balance解析：句意：找到正确的平衡点。balance符合语境。14.[A]assets解析：句意：断开连接的能力可能是人拥有的最有价值的资产/财富。assets意为“资产、宝贵的人或物”。15.[A]back解析：句意：它不是关于关掉设备，而是关于回归生活。turnbacktolife意为“回归生活”。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText116.[B]解析：细节题。根据第一段“Traditionalwastemanagementsystems...struggletocopewiththedensityandtheorganiccompositionofwasteintheseregions.”可知，传统的垃圾管理系统难以应对垃圾的密度和有机成分，即无法处理垃圾的数量和性质。17.[C]解析：细节题。根据第二段“Studiesestimatethatwastepickersrecycleupto90%oftheplasticinsomedevelopingcities...”可知，他们的回收率非常高。18.[D]解析：词汇题。nuisance意为“讨厌的人或事物、麻烦事”。在文中指政府认为捡垃圾的人是麻烦，而不是环卫系统的一部分。最接近的是annoyance（恼人的事）。19.[B]解析：例证题。第四段提到波哥大的例子，政府与捡垃圾者合作社合作，结果是城市更清洁，工人生活水平提高。这是为了说明第三段提出的观点：将捡垃圾者纳入正式体系是双赢的。20.[A]解析：态度题。作者在文中多次提到捡垃圾者的贡献，认为他们应被纳入正式体系，并认为他们提供了循环经济的蓝图。这表明作者对他们持同情和支持的态度。Text221.[B]解析：细节题。第一段提到工业革命消除了手工艺角色但催生了工厂系统和许多新职业，以此说明AI革命可能遵循类似的模式，即技术会创造新的工作类型。22.[B]解析：细节题。第二段提到“Ratherthanreplacingdoctorsorfinancialanalysts,AIactsasapowerfultoolthatenhancestheirexpertise.”可知，AI是增强人类能力的工具。23.[C]解析：推断题。根据第三段“Theabilitytointeractwithmachines,interpretdata,andunderstandalgorithmiclogicwillbecomeasimportantastraditionalliteracy.”可知，AI素养是指与机器交互、解读数据和理解算法逻辑的能力，即理解并与AI系统共事的能力。24.[C]解析：细节题。第四段提到“Instead,educationshouldfocusonfosteringproblem-solvingabilitiesandadaptability.”可知，教育应侧重于培养解决问题的能力和适应性。25.[C]解析：主旨题。文章最后一句总结道：“Thefutureofworkisnotabouthumansversusmachines,buthumanswithmachines.”（未来的工作不是人与机器的对立，而是人与机器的协作。）Text326.[B]解析：细节题。第一段提到“quietquitting”是对“brokenworkplacesocialcontract”的理性反应，而这一契约是指“l