成人高考英语教学大纲及模拟试题

前言成人高等教育作为我国高等教育体系的重要组成部分，为广大在职从业人员及其他社会成员提供了宝贵的学历提升机会。英语作为成人高考中的一门重要公共基础课程，其成绩对于考生能否顺利入学及后续学习均具有深远影响。本大纲旨在明确成人高考英语的考查目标、内容范围与要求，并辅以精心设计的模拟试题，以期为广大考生提供系统、科学的备考指导，帮助其高效复习，提升英语应用能力与应试水平。第一部分：成人高考英语教学大纲一、大纲总览本大纲以培养成人学习者的英语综合应用能力为核心，特别是针对其在未来学习、工作和生活中可能涉及的英语交际需求。考试主要考查考生对英语基础知识的掌握程度，以及运用这些知识进行初步的阅读、理解、表达和交流的能力。其设计充分考虑了成人学习者的特点，如学习时间相对有限，基础亦可能存在差异，因此更侧重于实用性和基础性。二、考查目标与要求(一)词汇考生应能掌握约三千个左右常用英语单词（含基本词汇）和一定数量的习惯用语及固定搭配。这些词汇应能满足日常交际和阅读一般题材英文材料的基本需求。考生应能根据上下文或词根、词缀等构词法知识推断生词的含义。(二)语法考生应能掌握基本的英语语法知识，并能正确运用。主要包括：名词、代词的数和格；动词的时态、语态、语气及非谓语动词；形容词、副词的比较级和最高级；常用介词和连词；基本句型（陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句）；以及简单句的基本结构和并列句、复合句（定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句）的初步运用。(三)阅读理解考生应能读懂不同题材（如日常生活、人物故事、科普常识、社会文化等）和体裁（如记叙文、说明文、应用文等）的简单英文材料。阅读速度应达到每分钟约五十个词。具体要求包括：1.理解主旨要义；2.理解文中具体信息；3.根据上下文推断生词的词义；4.作出简单的判断和推理；5.理解文章的基本结构和作者的基本态度或意图。(四)完形填空考生应能在理解一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文（约两百词）的基础上，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳答案，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。主要考查考生在语篇层面上综合运用词汇、语法知识以及对上下文的理解能力。(五)补全对话考生应能在日常交际情境中，根据对话的上下文，从所给的选项中选择恰当的句子补全对话。考查考生对日常交际用语的掌握和运用能力，如问候、介绍、询问、感谢、道歉、建议、道别等。(六)书面表达考生应能根据所给提示（中译英、情景、图画等），用英语写一篇约八十至一百词的简短应用文或记叙文。要求内容切题，意思连贯，语法正确，用词得当，书写规范。常见的写作形式包括：书信、便条、通知、简单的人物或事件描述等。三、考试内容与范围考试内容严格依据上述考查目标与要求设定，注重基础知识的运用和实际语言能力的考核。1.词汇与语法结构：主要考查大纲要求范围内的词汇辨析、固定搭配以及基本语法规则的运用。2.阅读理解：选材广泛，贴近生活，避免过于专业或生僻的内容。文章难度控制在大纲规定的词汇量和语法范围内。3.完形填空：短文题材多样，如小故事、科普小品、生活感悟等，重点考查词汇在语境中的运用、上下文逻辑关系及篇章理解能力。4.补全对话：模拟真实生活场景，如购物、问路、电话交流、就医等，考查常用交际用语。5.书面表达：提供明确的写作任务和提示，要求考生能清晰、准确地表达思想。四、教学建议1.夯实基础，循序渐进：针对成人学习者可能存在的基础薄弱问题，教学中应重视词汇、语法等基础知识的讲解与巩固，由易到难，逐步提升。2.突出应用，注重实效：教学应紧密联系实际，将语言知识的学习与语言技能的运用相结合，鼓励学生在模拟情境中练习。3.方法指导，培养能力：不仅要传授知识，更要教授学习方法，如词汇记忆技巧、阅读理解解题策略、写作构思方法等，培养学生的自主学习能力和应试能力。4.因材施教，关注差异：注意到成人学习者基础差异较大，应尽可能提供个性化辅导和分层练习，确保不同水平的学生都能有所收获。5.强化训练，模拟实战：通过适量的练习题和模拟试题，帮助学生熟悉考试题型和节奏，检验学习效果，查漏补缺。第二部分：成人高考英语模拟试题（示例）注意事项：1.本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚。3.所有答案请书写在答题卡指定区域内，在本试卷上作答无效。I.Phonetics(略)*（注：部分地区或年份可能包含语音题，考查字母及字母组合的发音。此处从略，考生可根据当地考纲要求进行复习。）*II.VocabularyandStructure(词汇与语法结构)1.Mybrotherusually_____upearlyinthemorning,butyesterdayhe_____uplate.A.get...getB.gets...gotC.got...getsD.gets...getted2.Thisisthebook_____Iborrowedfromthelibrarylastweek.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.what3.Weshouldtryourbestto_____theenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.A.protectB.preventC.prepareD.present4.—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?—No,thanks.I_____acupalready.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.havehad5.ShespeaksEnglishso_____thatmanypeoplethinksheisanativespeaker.A.goodB.betterC.wellD.bestIII.Cloze(完形填空)*Directions:Therearesomeblanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.*Oneday,amanwaswalkingthroughaforestwhenhesawabutterflycocoon(茧).Henoticedasmallholeinthecocoon.Hesatdownandwatchedthebutterflyforseveralhoursasittriedto6_____itsbodythroughthatlittlehole.Suddenly,itstoppedmakinganyprogress.Itseemed7_____ithadgottenasfarasitcould.Themandidnotunderstandthattherestricting(限制的)cocoonandthestruggle10_____togetthroughthetinyholewerenature'swayofforcingfluid(液体)fromthebodyofthebutterflyintoitswingssothatitwouldbereadyforflightonceitachievedfreedomfromthecocoon.6.A.pushB.pullC.moveD.carry7.A.asifB.evenifC.sothatD.nowthat8.A.cutopenB.openedupC.turnedoffD.tookoff9.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Moreover10.A.neededB.needingC.toneedD.need*Directions:Therearetwopassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.*Passage1Inmanycountries,peoplecelebratethestartofanewyearonJanuary1st.However,thecelebrationoftheNewYearisnotthesameeverywhere.InScotland,forexample,NewYear'sEveiscalledHogmanay,anditisaveryimportantholiday.PeopleusuallycleantheirhousesbeforeHogmanay.Theybelievethatcleaningwillbringgoodluckforthenewyear.Theyalsovisitfriendsandneighborsaftermidnight,bringinggiftsoffoodanddrink.InJapan,theNewYeariscalledOshogatsu.Itisatimeforfamiliestogettogether.Peopleeatspecialfoodslikemochi(akindofricecake)whichisthoughttobringlonglife.Manypeoplevisittemplestoprayforgoodfortuneinthenewyear.Childrenoftenreceivemoneyinsmallenvelopescalled"otoshidama"fromtheirparentsandrelatives.InBrazil,peoplewearwhiteclothesonNewYear'sEvebecausetheybelievewhiterepresentspeaceandgoodluck.Theyalsogotothebeachtowatchfireworksandmakeofferingstotheseagoddess,Lemanja.Peoplethrowflowersandsmallgiftsintotheocean,askingforblessings.11.WhatisHogmanay?A.AkindoffoodinScotland.B.NewYear'sEveinScotland.C.AtraditionaldanceinScotland.D.AScottishtemple.12.WhydopeopleinScotlandcleantheirhousesbeforeHogmanay?B.Toprepareforabigmeal.C.Tobringgoodluck.D.Toselloldthings.13.WhatdoJapanesechildrenoftenreceiveduringOshogatsu?A.Mochi.B.Flowers.C.Money.D.Fireworks.14.WhatcolordopeopleinBrazilwearonNewYear'sEve?A.Red.B.White.C.Black.D.Green.Passage2A.Howtochooseagoodbook.B.Thebenefitsofreadingandhowtomaketimeforit.C.Differenttypesofbookspeoplecanread.D.Whypeopledon'treadenoughtoday.16.Accordingtothepassage,readingcanhelpyou_____.A.makealotofmoneyC.improvelanguageskillsD.travelaroundtheworldforfreeShopAssistant:Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?Customer:Yes,17._____ShopAssistant:Whatkindofshirtareyoulookingfor?Customer:18._____Maybeacottonone.Customer:19._____ShopAssistant:Let'ssee...Here'saniceblueoneinmedium.Wouldyouliketotryiton?Customer:20._____Whereisthefittingroom?ShopAssistant:It'soverthere,nexttothemirror.Customer:(Aftertrying)Itfitswell.21._____ShopAssistant:It'sfiftyyuan.Customer:OK,I'lltakeit.17.A.I'mlookingforashirt.B.Iboughtashirtyesterday.C.Theshirtistooexpensive.D.Doyoulikethisshirt?18.A.Idon'tlikecotton.C.It'sverycheap.19.A.Blue.B.Medium,Ithink.C.Fiftyyuan.D.I'lltryiton.20.A.No,Idon't.B.Idon'tknow.C.Yes,please.D.It'stoosmall.21.A.Howmuchisit?B.Whereisitmade?C.Whatcolorisit?D.CanIreturnit?VI.Writing(书面表达)*Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortlettertoyourfriend,Tom.Youshouldwriteatleast60wordsaccordingtothefollowingsituation:*情景：你的朋友Tom最近生病了，请你写一封信问候他，询问他的病情，并告诉他你周末会去看他。*（注意：信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。）*DearTom,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes,LiMing---参考答案及解析（简要）II.VocabularyandStructure1.B(考查一般现在时和一般过去时的用法)2.A(考查定语从句关系代词which)3.A(考查固定搭配protect...from...)4.D(考查现在完成时，表示过去动作对现在的影响)5.C(考查副词well修饰动词speak)III.Cloze6.C(moveitsbodythrough...使身体穿过...)7.A(asif似乎，好像)8.A(cutopen剪开)9.B(However然而，表示转折)10.A(needed过去分词作后置定语，修饰thestruggle)11.B(细节题，第一段第二句)12.C(细节题，