湖北省黄冈市部分高中2026届高三英语上学期12月月考试题含解析

注意事项：

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定位置。

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非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。

1.Whatcuisinedoesthewomanprefer?

A.Thai.B.Indian.C.Chinese.

2.Whenwillthewoman’strainleave?

A.At3:00.B.At10:00.C.At10:30.

3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesafetyequipment?

A.Useful.B.Modern.C.Comfortable.

4.Whycan’tthewoman’sstudentcardbeused?

A.Itisoutofdate.

B.Herpictureisn’tattachedtoit.

C.Theticketofficedoesn’tacceptstudentcards.

5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Shewon’tbuythecomputerfortheboy.

B.Shedoesn’thaveenoughmoneywithher.

C.Shewillspend2,000dollarsforacomputer.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Aplay.B.Aconcert.C.Afilm.

7.Howdidthewomanfeelprobably?

A.Fine.B.Surprised.C.Disappointed.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Brotherandsister.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Fatheranddaughter.

9.Whatadvicedoesthemangivethewoman?

A.Askthedoctoraboutherillness.

B.Faceherdifficultybravely.

C.Takeexercisestepbystep.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atacinema.B.Atahotel.C.Atarestaurant.

11.Whatisthemancomplainingabout?

A.Thebadservice.B.Theovercharge.C.Thebrokencomputer.

12.Whatdidthemandointhemorning?

A.Hemetafriend.B.Hewatchedamovie.C.Hestayedinhisroom.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatdidthemandoattheageof9?

A.Heperformedontheschoolstage.

B.Hejoinedadancegroup.

C.Hewroteaplay.

14.Whomadethemandecidetoworkasateacher?

A.Histeacher.B.Hisparents.C.Hiswife.

15.Whatdoestheman’sformerstudentdo?

A.Anactress.B.Adirector.C.Aplaywriter.

16.Whatistheman’sgoal?

A.Togoonactinginplays.

B.Tostartteachingagain.

C.Toenterthefilmindustry.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Wholosttheirlivesinthecrash?

A.Thechildren’smotherandthepilots.

B.Thechildren’sparents.

C.Achildandthepilot.

18.Whatcausedtheplanetocrashpossibly?

A.Piloterror.B.Enginebreakdown.C.Poorvisibility.

19.WhatdidColombia’sPresidentsayaboutthechildren’sdiscovery?

A.Itwasatragedyforthewholecountry.

B.Itbroughthappinesstotheentirenation.

C.Itwasanexampleofamassivesearch.

20.Whathelpedthechildrensurvive?

A.Theshelterinthejungle.

B.TheHuiotogroup’sinformation.

C.Theirknowledgeandexperienceofthejungle.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

WildlifePhotographyCompetition

BBCWildlifemagazineislaunchingawildlifephotographycompetitioninassociationwith

BelizeTourismBoardtolookforexceptionalphotosworldwide.

Thecategories

BBCWildlifechampionsthewell-beingofanimalsandtheenvironment,andthisshouldbe

reflectedinthecompetitionentries.Therearefivecategoriesyoucanenter:

·Portraits—strikingposesthatrevealthecharacterofananimal(individualorgroup)

·Behavior—imagesthatshowinterestingorexcitingbehavior(individualorgroup)

·Plantsandfungi—photoscelebratingplantsand/orfungi(individualorgroup)

·Cameraphone—creativeshotsofthenaturalworldtakenusingasmartphone

·Environment—picturesthatcapturetheatmosphereofawildorchanginglandscape

Howtoenter

Thecompetitionopensat12pmonThursday18thDecember2025.Entriesmustbesubmittedbefore

11:59pmon22ndDecember2025towildlifephoto-competition@.

Whathappensnext?

AninitialjudgingroundfromtheBBCWildlifemagazineeditorialteamandphotographerTony

Rathwillcreateashortlistforeachcategory.Theshortlistedimageswillthengotoapublic

vote,from12pmonThursday25thDecember2025to11:59pmSaturday27thDecember2025,onour

websitetofindthewinnerineachcategory.Subsequently,anoverallwinner

willbeselectedfromthefivecategorywinners.

Theprizes

TheoverallwinnerwinsatriptoBelizefortwopeople,worth£3,000.Thisincludesa7-night

stayfortwopeopleatChanChicLodge()onabedandbreakfastbasis;economyreturn

flightstoBelizefromaUKairport;transferstoandfromtheinternationalairportinBelize;

plus,abirdingwalk,nightwalkandboattouratChanChich.TheprizecanbeusedfromDecember

31st-2025toDecember31st2026,withsomedatesexcluded.Pleaserefertothefulltermsand

conditionsfordetails.

ThefivecategorywinnerswilleachreceiveaVoltegiftset,worth£412.Eachsetincludes

aVoltewaterproofwarmjacket,aflashlightanda35-literbackpack.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsthe“Behavior”category?

A.Aclose-upportraitofapandachewingbamboo.

B.Afieldofsunflowersinfullbloomundersunlight.

C.Amist-coveredmountainlandscapetakenwithasmartphone.

D.Agroupofmonkeysplayfullychasingoneanotheramongtrees.

2.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthecompetitionprocess?

a.Openforentriesb.Publicvotec.Firstroundjudging

d.Selectoverallwinnere.Submitentries

A.eacbdB.eabcdC.aecbdD.aebcd

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecompetition’sprizes?

A.Theoverallprizeisvaluedat£412fortwopeople.

B.CategorywinnerswillreceiveatravelpackagetoBelize.

C.Therearenorestrictionsontheusetimeoftheoverallprize.

D.Theoverallwinner’sprizeexcludesmealcostsexceptbreakfast.

【答案】1.D2.C3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了BBC野生动物杂志与伯利兹旅游委员会联合举办的世界摄影大赛。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Thecategories”部分中对“Behavior”类别的描述“imagesthatshowinteresting

orexcitingbehavior(individualorgroup)(展示有趣或令人兴奋的行为(个人或团体)的图片)”可知，

该类别要求展示动物有趣或令人兴奋的行为。选项D“Agroupofmonkeysplayfullychasingoneanother

amongtrees.(一群猴子在树间嬉戏追逐)”展示了猴子有趣的行为，符合“Behavior”类别的要求。故选D

项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Howtoenter”部分“Thecompetitionopensat12pmonThursday18thDecember

2025.(比赛于2025年12月18日星期四中午12点开始。)”可知，a“Openforentries(开放报名)”排

在第一位；根据“Entriesmustbesubmittedbefore11:59pmon22ndDecember2025(参赛作品必须

在2025年12月22日晚上11:59前提交)”可知，e“Submitentries(提交参赛作品)”排在第二位；根据

“AninitialjudgingroundfromtheBBCWildlifemagazineeditorialteamandphotographerTony

Rathwillcreateashortlistforeachcategory.(BBC野生动物杂志编辑团队和摄影师托尼·拉思将进

行第一轮评审，为每个类别创建一个入围名单。)”可知，c“Firstroundjudging(第一轮评审)”排在第

三位；根据“Theshortlistedimageswillthengotoapublicvote(入围的图片将进行公众投票)”

可知，b“Publicvote(公众投票)”排在第四位；根据“Subsequently,anoverallwinnerwillbeselected

fromthefivecategorywinners.(随后，将从五个类别的获胜者中选出总冠军。)”可知，d“Selectoverall

winner(选出总冠军)”排在第五位。所以正确的顺序是aecbd。故选C项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Theprizes”部分“Thisincludesa7-nightstayfortwopeopleatChanChicLodge

()onabedandbreakfastbasis(这包括在ChanChicLodge()两人住宿7

晚，含早餐)”可知，总冠军的奖品包括在ChanChicLodge住宿7晚，含早餐，由此可推断出总冠军的奖

品不包括早餐以外的餐费。故选D项。

B

TheexcitementwasundeniableasmyfriendsandIbeganourseven-daytriptoKashmir.For

fourdays,everythingwasperfect.Onthefifthday,wewereplayinginthesnowwhenthewind

suddenlypickedup.Ihadwanderedawayfromthegroup,andbeforeIknewit,thesoundoflaughter

faded.Iwasalone,surroundedbyafrighteningsilenceandablindingwhiteblur.Myphonehad

nosignal.Trappedinafrozenmaze,fearclosedin.

Then,throughtheswirlingsnow,Isawafigurewalkingsteadilytowardme.Iwantedtocall

out,buthesitated,unsureofwhethertotrustastranger.Butashedrewcloser,hiscalmgaze

andquietpresencesparkedaflickerofhope.“Areyoualright?”heaskedsoftly,hisvoice

warmdespitethecold.

“I’mlost,”Iadmitted,myvoicetrembling.“Ican’tfindmyfriends,andthere’sno

signalonmyphone.”

Henoddedknowingly.“Thestormmakesithardtosee.You’reluckyIfoundyou.”

“HowdoIgetback?”Iasked,myvoiceshaky.

“Followme,”hesaidsimply.“Iknowthisareawell.”

Wewalkedforwhatfeltlikehours.Suddenly,Isawthefaintoutlineofpeopleinthedistance.

ReliefwashedovermelikeatidalwaveasIrealiseditwasmygroup.Ihuggedthemtightlyand

toldthemaboutmyhelperbutwhenIlookedbacktothankhimoncemore,hewasnowheretobe

found.ForamomentIwonderedifIhadimaginedthewholething.Ineversawthemanagainbut

thatbriefencountertaughtmesomethingprecious:inourdarkestmomentsofbeinglostandscared,

it’snotjustwhoyouknow,buttheunexpectedkindnessofastrangerwhoshowsupthatmatters

most.

4.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenlost?

AInatemper.B.overthemoon.C.Inapanic.D.Inhighspirits.

.

5.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestranger?

A.Hewasaprofessionallocalguide.

B.Hewassentbytheauthor’sfriends.

C.Hespottedtheauthorbycoincidence.

D.Hewasfamiliarwiththeplaceandcomposed.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“ForamomentIwonderedifIhadimaginedthewholething”

inPara7imply?

A.Theauthorbelievedthehelperwasamagicalfigure.

B.Theauthorremainedfrightenedevenafterreunitingwithhisfriends.

C.Theauthorfoundthestranger’shelpsomiraculousthatitseemedunreal.

D.Theauthorunwillinglybelievedthatthestrangerhadactuallyhelpedhim.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.FollowMeB.BravetheStorm

C.NeverWanderAloneD.AlwaysTrustStrangers

【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与朋友在克什米尔旅行时，不慎走失，在恐慌无助之际，得

到一位陌生人的热心帮助，最终与朋友团聚的感人故事。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ihadwanderedawayfromthegroup,andbeforeIknewit,thesound

oflaughterfaded.Iwasalone,surroundedbyafrighteningsilenceandablindingwhiteblur.

Myphonehadnosignal.Trappedinafrozenmaze,fearclosedin.(我不知不觉远离了队伍，人群

的欢笑声渐渐消失。四下只剩我一个人，被骇人的寂静和刺眼的白茫所包围。手机没有信号。困在这冰封

的迷宫里，恐惧步步逼近)”可知，当作者迷路时，感到恐慌害怕。故选C项。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“Henoddedknowingly.“Thestormmakesithardtosee.You’relucky

Ifoundyou.”(他心领神会地点点头。“暴风雪让人视线受阻。你运气好，我找到了你。”)”和第六段

中““Followme,”hesaidsimply.“Iknowthisareawell.”(“跟我来，”他简单地说。“我对

这一带很熟悉。”)”可知，陌生人主动提出帮助作者，并表示他对这一带很熟悉，由此可推断出，他对这

个地方很熟悉，并且很镇定。故选D项。

【6题详解】

词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“IhuggedthemtightlyandtoldthemaboutmyhelperbutwhenIlooked

backtothankhimoncemore,hewasnowheretobefound.(我紧紧地拥抱了他们，并告诉了他们我的

救命恩人，但当我回头想再次感谢他时，却找不到他了)”和划线句后文“Ineversawthemanagain(我

再也没见过那个人)”可知，作者回头想再次感谢陌生人时，却找不到他了，再也没见过那个人，所以作者

甚至怀疑自己是否想象了整个事情。由此可推知，划线句表明作者觉得陌生人的帮助很神奇，以至于感觉

不真实。故选C项。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第六段中““Followme,”hesaidsimply.“Iknowthisareawell.”(“跟

我来，”他简单地说。“我对这一带很熟悉。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者在旅行中迷路，得到陌生人

帮助的故事，陌生人简单的话语“Followme”给作者带来了希望和温暖，象征了困境中得到的指引和帮助，

适合作为标题。故选A项。

C

AstudypublishedinNatureonJuly16thoffersthestrongestevidencethattheurgetosleep

iscausedbyabuild-upofelectronsinthemitochondria(线粒体)ofcertainbraincells.Iftrue,

sleepmayhaveoriginallyemergedasawayofrepairingmitochondria,withitsotherbenefits

evolvinglater.

Mitochondria,whichexistinalmostallhumanandanimalcells,supplyenergybytaking

electronsfromfuelmolecules(供能分子)obtainedfromfood.However,someelectronsleakout

duringthisprocess.Theseleakedelectronsreactwithoxygentocreateharmfulby-products—

ifthesesubstancesbuildup,theywilldamagecells.Thenewstudypointsoutthatwhen

sleep-controlneuronsdetecttoomuchmitochondrialdamage,theycausesleep.Theseneuronswork

likecircuit-breakers:theymakethebrainfallintosleepbeforetoomanyelectronsaccumulate,

preventingfurtherharm.Sleepthenrestoresthebalanceofelectronsandfixesdamaged

mitochondria.

Totestthisidea,scientistsdidexperimentsonfruitflies.First,theylabelledtheflies’

sleep-controlneurons(calleddorsalfan-shapedbodyneurons,dFBNs)withaglowingprotein.Then,

theydisruptedtheflies’sleepbykeepingtheminconstantmotionfor12hours.

Aftertheexperiment,thescientistsobservedthedFBNsunderamicroscope.Theyfoundthat

themitochondriaintheseneuronshadbrokenapart—asignthatelectronshadcauseddamage.

Butoncethefliesgotsomesleep,themitochondriajoinedbacktogether,justlikefixingabroken

object.

IvanaRosenzweig,aspecialistinsleepneuroscience,describesthefindingsasa

“significantconceptualshift”.Sinceenergysupplyislinkedtosleepinmanyspecies,electron

build-upmayalsocausesleeppressureinhumans.Thestudy’sauthorsnotethatpeoplewith

mitochondrialdisordersoftenfeelunusuallysleepy,andtheyhopetheresearchwillhelpsolve

sleepdisordersandtiredness-relatedproblems.

8.Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Sleepmayinitiallyfixmitochondria.

B.Mitochondriatakeelectronsfromfood.

C.Electronsleakagedamagescellsdirectly.

D.Neuronscausesleepwhenelectronsleak.

9.Whydoestheauthormention“fruitflies”inparagraph3?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Tomakeaprediction.D.Toconfirmanassumption.

10.WhatcanweinferfromIvanaRosenzweig’scomment?

A.Electronbuild-uponlyaffectssleepinfruitflies.

B.Previousstudiesonsleeppressurewerecompletelywrong.

C.Thestudychangesthewaypeopleunderstandsleepcauses.

D.Mitochondrialdisordersarethemaincauseofsleepproblems.

11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toexplainhowtoimprovesleepquality.

B.Tointroduceastudyonthecauseofsleepurge.

C.Todiscussthelinkbetweendietandsleephealth.

D.Tocomparedifferenttheoriesofmitochondrialrepair.

【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究，该研究提供了强有力的证据，

表明睡眠欲望是由某些脑细胞线粒体中电子的积累引起的。睡眠最初可能是作为修复线粒体的一种方式出

现。文章还介绍了相关实验过程及该研究对解决睡眠障碍的潜在意义。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Iftrue,sleepmayhaveoriginallyemergedasawayofrepairing

mitochondria,withitsotherbenefitsevolvinglater.(如果这是真的，睡眠最初可能是作为一种修

复线粒体的方式出现的，而它的其他好处是后来才进化的。)”以及第二段中的“Thenewstudypointsout

thatwhensleep-controlneuronsdetecttoomuchmitochondrialdamage,theycausesleep.These

neuronsworklikecircuit-breakers:theymakethebrainfallintosleepbeforetoomanyelectrons

accumulate,preventingfurtherharm.Sleepthenrestoresthebalanceofelectronsandfixesdamaged

mitochondria.(这项新研究指出，当睡眠控制神经元检测到线粒体损伤过多时，它们会导致睡眠。这些神

经元就像断路器一样:在过多的电子积累之前，它们让大脑进入睡眠状态，防止进一步的伤害。然后睡眠恢

复了电子的平衡，修复了受损的线粒体。)”可知，睡眠最初可能是作为一种修复线粒体的方式出现的，即

睡眠最初可能修复线粒体。故选A项。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Totestthisidea,scientistsdidexperimentsonfruitflies.(为

了验证这个想法，科学家们在果蝇身上做了实验。)”以及后文描述的实验过程和结果，可知作者提到“果

蝇”是为了验证前文提到的“当睡眠控制神经元检测到线粒体损伤过多时，它们会导致睡眠”这一假设。

故选D项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“IvanaRosenzweig,aspecialistinsleepneuroscience,describes

thefindingsasa“significantconceptualshift”.Sinceenergysupplyislinkedtosleepin

manyspecies,electronbuild-upmayalsocausesleeppressureinhumans.(睡眠神经科学专家Ivana

Rosenzweig将这一发现描述为“重大的概念转变”。由于能量供应与许多物种的睡眠有关，电子的积累也

可能导致人类的睡眠压力。)”可知，IvanaRosenzweig认为这项研究改变了人们对睡眠原因的理解方式，

即电子的积累可能导致睡眠压力，这是一个重大的概念转变。故选C项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AstudypublishedinNatureonJuly16thoffersthestrongestevidence

thattheurgetosleepiscausedbyabuild-upofelectronsinthemitochondria(线粒体)ofcertain

braincells.(7月16日发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究提供了最有力的证据，证明睡眠的冲动是由某些

脑细胞线粒体中电子的积累引起的。)”以及后文对该研究的详细描述和实验验证，可知文章的主要目的是

介绍一项关于睡眠冲动原因的研究。故选B项。

D

Whywouldameteorologistconcernherselfwiththerocksbeneathherfeet?Forgoodreason,

ifshelivesinIceland.Thenationstraddles(横跨)theMid-AtlanticRidge,aboundarybetween

twoofEarth’scrustal(地壳的)plateswhicharedriftingapart.Thatallowshot,liquidrock

calledmagmatowellupfromthedepths.IcelandalsositsjustbelowtheArcticcircleandenjoys

glacier-promotingtemperatures.Asaconsequenceofthesefacts,itishometo34activevolcanoes,

halfofwhichareburiedundericeupto1kmthick.

Astheclimatewarmsandthisicemelts,thevolcanoesbelowmaybecomemoreunstable.Michelle

ParksoftheIcelandicMeteorologicalOfficeisleadingathree-yearprojectthatwilltryto

determinewhether,infuture,lessicecouldmeanmorefire.GlaciersbeardownuponEarth’s

crust.Thepressuretheycreatesqueezingtheunderlyingrock,raisingitsmeltingpoint.Remove

theiceandtherockrebounds(thelandaroundsomeice-boundvolcanoesisrisingbyasmuchas

3cmayear),easingthepressure.Thatmeansthemeltingpointdrops,enhancingtheformation

ofmagma,whichtheneruptsfromvolcanoesaslava.

EarlygeologicaldatacollectedbyDrParkssuggesttwoorthreetimesmoremagmaisbeing

producedbeneathIcelandthanwasthecaseacenturyago.Howthatplaysoutwilldependonhow

themagmareservoirsbeneathindividualvolcanoesarereshapedbythereboundingland.Some

volcanoesmayeruptmorefrequently;others,lessbutmoreviolently.Thismayalreadybehappening,

withvolcanoeslikeGrimsvotnandBardarbungashowingincreasedactivities.

Historicalevidencesupportsthislink;volcaniceruptionssurgedafterthelasticeage’s

glaciersretreated.Thisphenomenonisn’tuniquetoIceland;itaffectsAntarctica,Alaska,and

theAndes.Whilesomeareasareremote,theAndesarenearpopulouscoastalregions.Millions

couldfacerisksfromdisruptedwatersuppliesormudslides.Asingleeruption,like

Eyjafjallajokullin2010,cancauseglobaldisruption,provingthattheconsequencesofmelting

iceextendfarbeyondthefireitself.

12WhatcanbeinferredaboutIcelandfromthefirstparagraph?

.

A.Itistheonlyplacewithactivevolcanoes.

B.Ithastheworld’sfastest-meltingglaciers.

C.Itsvolcaniceruptionsarethemostdocumented.

D.Itsuniquegeologycreatesvolcanoesunderthickice.

13.Howdoesmeltingiceaffectvolcanoes?

A.Itcoolsthemagmadirectly.

B.Itcausesthelandtosinkrapidly.

C.Itinstantlygivesrisetoviolenteruptions.

D.Itreducespressure,promotingmagmaformation.

14.Whatmightbeafuturevolcanictrend?

A.Allvolcanoeswilleruptmoreviolently.

B.Magmaproductionwillstopinmostareas.

C.Activitypatternswillvaryamongvolcanoes.

D.Eruptionswillbecomelessfrequentglobally.

15.WhatdoestheexampleofEyjafjallajokullin2010show?

A.Icelandhasmanydangerousvolcanoes.

B.VolcaniceruptionsarecommoninIceland.

C.Theconsequencesofmeltingicearefar-reaching.

D.TheAndesarealsoatriskfromvolcaniceruptions.

【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述冰岛独特地质气候造就冰下火山，气候变暖致冰融，或加剧火山活动，

此现象非冰岛独有，影响深远。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Thenationstraddles(横跨)theMid-AtlanticRidge,aboundarybetween

twoofEarth’scrustal(地壳的)plateswhicharedriftingapart.Thatallowshot,liquidrock

calledmagmatowellupfromthedepths.IcelandalsositsjustbelowtheArcticcircleandenjoys

glacier-promotingtemperatures.Asaconsequenceofthesefacts,itishometo34activevolcanoes,

halfofwhichareburiedundericeupto1kmthick.(该国横跨大西洋中脊——这是两个正在彼此漂

离的地壳板块之间的边界。这使得被称为岩浆的炽热液态岩石得以从地底深处上涌。冰岛又恰好位于北极

圈下方，拥有适宜冰川形成的低温环境。正因如此，这片土地上分布着34座活火山，其中半数被厚达1公

里的冰层所覆盖。)”可知，冰岛独特的地质和气候条件造就了被厚冰覆盖的火山。故选D项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Removetheiceandtherockrebounds(thelandaroundsomeice-bound

volcanoesisrisingbyasmuchas3cmayear),easingthepressure.Thatmeansthemeltingpoint

drops,enhancingtheformationofmagma,whichtheneruptsfromvolcanoesaslava.(一旦冰层消

融，地表便会回弹（一些被冰覆盖的火山周围地区正以每年高达3厘米的速度上升），从而减轻了地底压力。

这意味着岩石熔点降低，促进了岩浆的形成，随后这些岩浆会以熔岩形式从火山喷发而出。)”可知，冰层

融化会降低地壳压力，进而促进岩浆形成。故选D项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Somevolcanoesmayeruptmorefrequently;others,lessbutmoreviolently.

(一些火山的喷发频率可能会提高；另一些火山的喷发频率或许会降低，但喷发会更剧烈。)”可知，未来

不同火山的活动模式会产生差异。故选C项。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asingleeruption,likeEyjafjallajokullin2010,cancauseglobal

disruption,provingthattheconsequencesofmeltingiceextendfarbeyondthefireitself.(一

次火山喷发，比如2010年的埃亚菲亚德拉火山喷发，就可能造成全球性的混乱，这证明冰层融化的后果远

不止火山喷发本身。)”可知，该例子是为了说明冰层融化引发的后果影响深远。故选C项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

WebeganourbustripswhenIwasaroundsevenyearsold.Backthen,welivedwithmy

grandparentsinOceanside,California.____16____Myfatherhadn’tfoundsteadyemploymentyet,

andwewerestrugglingtosecureanaffordableplacetocallourown.

____17____Butmymommadethebestofthesituation.Shecreatedfondmemoriesformybrother

Jessandme.Thesewouldshapeourperspectivesforever.YetIdidn’tfullyappreciatethewisdom

behindheractionsuntilmanyyearslater.

Asitwas,onceortwiceaweek,mymomwouldtakeustothenearestbusstop.____18____

Thepublictransportationsystemintheareawasremarkablyextensive.Mymomlearnedthesystem

wellandwouldguideustovariousdestinations.We’dwindow-shopatmallsandwanderedaround

nearbyneighborhoods—nottobuyanything,buttoenjoythesightsanddosomepeople-watching.

Onotheradventures,we’dtakethebusallthewaytostrandBeach.____19____We’dwatch

shipssailbyinthedistanceandoftenhearhelicoptersorotheraircraftroaroverhead,heading

tothenavalbaseatCampPendleton.

Everytripwassomuchfun.Iwasgratefultoherforturningthattoughperiodintoagrand

expedition.MymomdidmorethanjustdistractJessandmefromourtroubles.Sheplantedinus

aloveforkeepingoureyesopenandappreciatingaworldthatwasourstoenjoywithoutcosting

much.____20____

A.Shenevercomplainedaboutthehardlife.

B.Financesweretightforourfamilybackthen.

C.Thatwasourstartingpointto“seetheworld.”

D.Itwouldhavebeeneasytogiveintofrustration.

E.There,wecollectedsanddollarsandshellsassouvenirs.

F.Wewouldspendhourstalkingtostrangerswemetonthebus.

G.Sheshoweduswhateverweexperienced,therewasalwaysjoytofind.

【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.E20.G

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了童年时期家境贫寒时，母亲用每周乘坐公交车带他和弟弟出游的

方式，培养他们发现生活乐趣和欣赏世界的品质，表达了感激之情。

【16题详解】

上文“Backthen,welivedwithmygrandparentsinOceanside,California.(那时，我们和我的祖父

母一起住在加利福尼亚州的奥申赛德。)”说明了当时“我们”和祖父母住在一起，下文“Myfather

hadn’tfoundsteadyemploymentyet,andwewerestrugglingtosecureanaffordableplacetocall

ourown.(我父亲还没有找到稳定的工作，而我们也在努力寻找一处经济实惠的住所，以安顿下来。)”表

明父亲还没有找到稳定的工作，“我们”在努力寻找一个负担得起的住所，由此可知，当时“我们”家的

经济状况不好。B选项“Financesweretightforourfamilybackthen.(那时我们家的经济很紧张。)”

符合上下文语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选B。

【17题详解】

上文“Myfatherhadn’tfoundsteadyemploymentyet,andwewerestrugglingtosecureanaffordable

placetocallourown.(我父亲还没有找到稳定的工作，而我们也在努力寻找一处经济实惠的住所，以

安顿下来。)”描述了当时家庭经济困难的情况，下文“Butmymommadethebestofthesituation.(但

是我妈妈充分利用了这种情况。)”中的But表示转折，说明此处与上文形成对比，描述了面对困难时可能

出现的另一种态度或情况。D选项“Itwouldhavebeeneasytogiveintofrustration.(很容易屈服

于挫折。)”符合语境，说明了在面对困难时，人们很容易屈服于挫折，与下文妈妈积极面对困难的态度形

成对比。故选D。

【18题详解】

上文“Asitwas,onceortwiceaweek,mymomwouldtakeustothenearestbusstop.(事实上，

妈妈每周会带我们一两次去最近的公交车站。)”描述了妈妈带“我们”去公交车站的情景，下文“The

publictransportationsystemintheareawasremarkablyextensive.Mymomearnedthesystemwell

andwouldguideustovariousdestinations.(该地区的公共交通系统非常发达。我妈妈很了解这个系

统，会带我们去各种地方。)”进一步说明了公共交通系统的发达以及妈妈对它的熟悉程度，并提到妈妈会

带“我们”去各种地方。C选项“Thatwasourstartingpointto‘seetheworld.’(那是我们‘看世

界’的起点。)”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用，说明公交车站是“我们”探索世界的起点。故选C。

【19题详解】

上文“Onotheradventures,we’dtakethebusallthewaytostrandBeach.(在其他冒险中，我们

会乘公交车一路去斯特兰德海滩。)”描述了“我们”乘公交车去海滩的情景，下文“We’dwatchships

sailbyinthedistanceandoftenhearhelicoptersorotheraircraftroaroverhead,headingto

thenavalbaseatCampPendleton.(我们会看着远处的船只驶过，经常能听到直升机或其他飞机在头顶

轰鸣，飞往彭德尔顿军营的海军基地。)”进一步描述了“我们”在海滩上的所见所闻。E选项“There,we

collectedsanddollarsandshellsassouvenirs.(在那里，我们收集沙钱和贝壳作为纪念品。)”符合

语境，描述了“我们”在海滩上的另一项活动，即收集纪念品。故选E。

【20题详解】

上文“MymomdidmorethanjustdistractJessandmefromourtroubles.Sheplantedinusalove

forkeepingoureyesopenandappreciatingaworldthatwasourstoenjoywithoutcostingmuch.(我

妈妈不仅仅是分散我和杰斯的注意力，让我们忘记烦恼。她让我们爱上了睁大眼睛欣赏这个世界，这个世

界是我们不用花太多钱就能享受的。)”描述了妈妈对“我们”的深远影响，她不仅让“我们”忘记了烦恼，

还培养了“我们”欣赏世界的能力。G选项“Sheshoweduswhateverweexperienced,therewasalways

joytofind.(她告诉我们，无论我们经历什么，总能找到快乐。)”符合语境，进一步强调了妈妈对“我

们”的积极影响，即无论遇到什么困难，都能找到快乐。故选G。

第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题

卡上将该项涂黑。

In1993,highschoolseniorJedwasastar____21____athisArizonahighschool,playing

football,soccer,andtrack.Outwardlycheerful,he____22____hisdifficulthomelifefrom

classmates.Jed’smom,Jerryhadbeen____23____himandhisbrother,Joshbyherself.Although

sheworkedmultiplejobs,moneywasalways____24____.

Despitetheirstruggles,Jerrydidn’twantheryoungersonto____25____alettermanjacket: