专升本单词试题及答案

专升本单词试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共40分）1.Thenewlawwill______therightsofallcitizens.A.enhanceB.endangerC.encloseD.endure2.Shehasa______forlearninglanguagesquickly.A.talentB.temperC.tendencyD.tension3.Thecompanyhasmadeasignificant______inthelastquarter.A.progressB.processC.problemD.project4.He______hispromisetohelpmewithmystudies.A.brokeB.keptC.madeD.took5.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______themeaningofthenewwords.A.lookupB.lookforC.lookafterD.lookat6.Sheisvery______aboutherappearance.A.particularB.partialC.passiveD.patient7.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______thespreadofthedisease.A.preventB.provideC.promoteD.protect8.Hisspeechwasso______thateveryonewasmovedtotears.A.touchingB.toughC.tiredD.rough9.Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewithgood______skills.A.communicateB.communicationC.communicativeD.communicated10.He______hischildhoodinthecountryside.A.recalledB.receivedC.recognizedD.recommended11.Theprofessor'sexplanationwasvery______andeasytounderstand.A.complexB.complicatedC.comprehensiveD.compressed12.Sheisavery______personandnevergivesupeasily.A.determinedB.decisiveC.deliberateD.delicate13.The______ofthebuildingisveryimpressive.A.appearanceB.absentC.absorbD.abuse14.Hehasaverygood______ofEnglish.A.commandB.commentC.commerceD.committee15.Theweatherisso______todaythatwecan'tgoout.A.favorableB.unfavorableC.favoriteD.familiar16.She______herstudiesabroadnextyear.A.intendsB.intendstoC.intendstodoD.intendsdoing17.Thenewpolicywillhaveaprofound______ontheeconomy.A.effectB.affectC.effortD.effective18.Heisvery______inhisworkandalwaysdoeshisbest.A.conscientiousB.consciousC.consequenceD.considerate19.Thecompanyhasdecidedto______itsoperationstoothercountries.A.expandB.expectC.expenseD.expert20.She______herbrotherinappearancebutnotincharacter.A.takesafterB.takesupC.takesoffD.takeson答案：1.A.enhance解释：enhance意为"提高，增强"，符合句意。endanger意为"危及"，enclose意为"包围"，endure意为"忍受"，均不符合句意。2.A.talent解释：talent意为"天赋，才能"，表示某人具有的某种特殊能力。temper意为"脾气"，tendency意为"倾向"，tension意为"紧张"，均不符合句意。3.A.progress解释：progress意为"进步，进展"，符合句意。process意为"过程"，problem意为"问题"，project意为"项目"，均不符合句意。4.B.kept解释：keepapromise是固定搭配，意为"遵守承诺"。breakapromise意为"违背承诺"，makeapromise意为"做出承诺"，takeapromise没有固定搭配。5.A.lookup解释：lookup意为"查找（信息）"，符合句意。lookfor意为"寻找"，lookafter意为"照顾"，lookat意为"看"，均不符合句意。6.A.particular解释：particular意为"挑剔的，讲究的"，符合句意。partial意为"部分的"，passive意为"被动的"，patient意为"耐心的"，均不符合句意。7.A.prevent解释：prevent意为"预防，阻止"，符合句意。provide意为"提供"，promote意为"促进"，protect意为"保护"，均不符合句意。8.A.touching解释：touching意为"感人的，触动人的"，符合句意。tough意为"坚韧的，困难的"，tired意为"疲劳的"，rough意为"粗糙的"，均不符合句意。9.B.communication解释：communicationskills是固定搭配，意为"沟通技巧"。communicate是动词，communicative是形容词，communicated是过去分词，均不符合句意。10.A.recalled解释：recalled意为"回忆起"，符合句意。received意为"收到"，recognized意为"认出"，recommended意为"推荐"，均不符合句意。11.C.comprehensive解释：comprehensive意为"全面的，广泛的"，符合句意。complex意为"复杂的"，complicated意为"复杂的"，compressed意为"压缩的"，均不符合句意。12.A.determined解释：determined意为"坚定的，有决心的"，符合句意。decisive意为"果断的"，deliberate意为"故意的，深思熟虑的"，delicate意为"精致的，脆弱的"，均不符合句意。13.A.appearance解释：appearance意为"外观，外貌"，符合句意。absent是形容词，意为"缺席的"，absorb是动词，意为"吸收"，abuse是动词，意为"滥用"，均不符合句意。14.A.command解释：commandof是固定搭配，意为"掌握（语言等）"。comment意为"评论"，commerce意为"商业"，committee意为"委员会"，均不符合句意。15.B.unfavorable解释：unfavorable意为"不利的，不好的"，符合句意。favorable意为"有利的"，favorite意为"最喜欢的"，familiar意为"熟悉的"，均不符合句意。16.B.intendsto解释：intendtodo是固定搭配，意为"打算做某事"。intends是动词原形，intendstodo正确，intendsdoing不正确，intendstodo重复。17.A.effect解释：effect作名词时意为"影响，效果"，符合句意。affect是动词，意为"影响"，effort意为"努力"，effective是形容词，意为"有效的"，均不符合句意。18.A.conscientious解释：conscientious意为"勤勉的，认真的"，符合句意。conscious意为"有意识的"，consequence意为"结果"，considerate意为"体贴的"，均不符合句意。19.A.expand解释：expand意为"扩展，扩大"，符合句意。expect意为"期待"，expense意为"花费"，expert意为"专家"，均不符合句意。20.A.takesafter解释：takeafter是固定搭配，意为"（在外貌、性格等方面）与（长辈）相似"。takeup意为"开始从事"，takeoff意为"起飞，脱下"，takeon意为"承担"，均不符合句意。二、填空题（每题2分，共30分）1.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestoreduceair______.2.Shehasanatural______formusic.3.Hisspeechwasso______thateveryonewasimpressed.4.Thecompanyhasmadegreat______inthelastyear.5.Sheisvery______aboutwhatsheeats.6.Thenewlawwill______therightsofallcitizens.7.Hehasagood______ofEnglish.8.Theweatherisso______todaythatwecan'tgoout.9.She______herchildhoodinthecountryside.10.Theprofessor'sexplanationwasvery______andeasytounderstand.11.Heisavery______personandnevergivesupeasily.12.The______ofthebuildingisveryimpressive.13.She______herstudiesabroadnextyear.14.Thenewpolicywillhaveaprofound______ontheeconomy.15.Heisvery______inhisworkandalwaysdoeshisbest.答案：1.pollution解释：airpollution是固定搭配，意为"空气污染"。2.talent解释：haveatalentfor是固定搭配，意为"有...的天赋"。3.impressive解释：impressive意为"令人印象深刻的"，修饰speech表示演讲给人留下深刻印象。4.progress解释：makeprogress是固定搭配，意为"取得进步"。5.particular解释：beparticularabout是固定搭配，意为"对...很讲究，很挑剔"。6.enhance解释：enhance意为"提高，增强"，符合句意。7.command解释：haveagoodcommandof是固定搭配，意为"熟练掌握"。8.unfavorable解释：unfavorable意为"不利的，不好的"，符合句意。9.recalled解释：recall意为"回忆起"，符合句意。10.comprehensive解释：comprehensive意为"全面的，广泛的"，符合句意。11.determined解释：determined意为"坚定的，有决心的"，符合句意。12.appearance解释：appearance意为"外观，外貌"，符合句意。13.intendstopursue解释：intendtodo是固定搭配，意为"打算做某事"，pursueone'sstudies意为"继续学业"。14.effect解释：effect作名词时意为"影响，效果"，符合句意。15.conscientious解释：conscientious意为"勤勉的，认真的"，符合句意。三、判断题（每题1分，共20分）1."Enhance"meanstomakesomethingbetterormoreattractive.2."Talent"isanegativequalitythatpeoplehave.3."Progress"referstomovingbackwardordeclining.4."Keepapromise"meanstobreakapromise.5."Lookup"meanstosearchforinformationinabookorontheinternet.6."Particular"meanscarelessornotpayingattentiontodetails.7."Prevent"meanstomakesomethinghappen.8."Touching"meanssomethingthatisdifficulttotouchorhandle.9."Communication"istheprocessofsharinginformationorideas.10."Recall"meanstoforgetsomething.11."Comprehensive"meansbriefandtothepoint.12."Determined"meansuncertainorundecided.13."Appearance"referstothewaysomeoneorsomethinglooks.14."Command"meanstorequestorordersomeonetodosomething.15."Favorable"meansshowingdislikeordisapproval.16."Intendto"meanstoplanormeantodosomething.17."Effect"asaverbmeanstoinfluenceorcauseachange.18."Conscientious"meanscarelessornotpayingattentiontodetails.19."Expand"meanstomakesomethingsmallerorreduceitssize.20."Takeafter"meanstoresemblesomeoneinappearanceorcharacter.答案：1.正确解释：enhance确实意为"提高，增强"。2.错误解释：talent是中性词，指某人具有的某种特殊能力，可以是积极的也可以是消极的，但通常指积极的能力。3.错误解释：progress意为"进步，前进"，与"后退或下降"相反。4.错误解释：keepapromise意为"遵守承诺"，与"违背承诺"相反。5.正确解释：lookup确实有"查找（信息）"的意思。6.错误解释：particular意为"挑剔的，讲究的"，与"粗心的"相反。7.错误解释：prevent意为"预防，阻止"，与"使某事发生"相反。8.错误解释：touching意为"感人的，触动人的"，与"难以触摸的"相反。9.正确解释：communication确实指"分享信息或思想的过程"。10.错误解释：recall意为"回忆起"，与"忘记"相反。11.错误解释：comprehensive意为"全面的，广泛的"，与"简短的"相反。12.错误解释：determined意为"坚定的，有决心的"，与"不确定的"相反。13.正确解释：appearance确实指"某人或某物看起来的样子"。14.正确解释：command确实可以表示"命令或要求某人做某事"。15.错误解释：favorable意为"有利的，良好的"，与"表示不喜欢或不赞成"相反。16.正确解释：intendto确实表示"计划或打算做某事"。17.错误解释：effect作动词时并不常用，常用的是affect作动词表示"影响"。18.错误解释：conscientious意为"勤勉的，认真的"，与"粗心的"相反。19.错误解释：expand意为"扩展，扩大"，与"使某物变小或减少"相反。20.正确解释：takeafter确实表示"在外貌或性格上与某人相似"。四、简答题（每题5分，共30分）1.Whatisthemeaningof"enhance"andprovideanexamplesentence.2.Explainthedifferencebetween"talent"and"temper".3.Whatdoes"progress"meanandgiveitssynonyms.4.Whatarethedifferentmeaningsof"lookup"?5.Explainthemeaningof"particular"anditscommoncollocations.6.Whatisthedifferencebetween"prevent"and"protect"?答案：1."Enhance"meanstoimproveorincreasethequality,value,orextentofsomething.Itisoftenusedtodescribemakingsomethingbetterormoreattractive.Examplesentence:Thenewsoftwarewillenhancetheperformanceofyourcomputer.Synonyms:improve,boost,elevate,heighten,enrich.2."Talent"referstoanaturalabilityoraptitudeforsomething,oftenanartisticorcreativeskill.Itisaninnatequalitythatsomeonepossesses."Temper",ontheotherhand,referstoaperson'sstateofmindortheirtendencytobecomeangry.Itcanalsorefertotheangeritself.Insummary,talentisaboutabilityandskill,whiletemperisaboutemotionaldisposition,particularlyanger.3."Progress"referstoforwardoronwardmovementtowardadestination.Italsomeansdevelopmenttowardanimprovedormoreadvancedcondition.Synonymsofprogressinclude:-advancement-development-improvement-growth-evolution-progression-headway-advancementThesewordsallconveytheideaofmovingforward,developing,orimprovingovertime.4."Lookup"hasseveralmeaningsdependingonthecontext:1.Tosearchforinformationinabook,dictionary,orontheinternet:"Ineedtolookupthemeaningofthisword."2.Tofindorlocatesomeoneorsomething:"I'mtryingtolookupmyoldfriendfromcollege."3.Toimproveorgetbetter:"Thingsarelookingupforthecompany."4.Tovisitsomeone:"Weshouldlookupourgrandparentswhenwe'reintown."5.Toraiseone'seyes:"Helookedupfromhisbookwhensheenteredtheroom."Themeaningisdeterminedbythecontextinwhichthephraseisused.5."Particular"meansbeingspecificordetailedratherthangeneral.Itcanalsomeanbeinghardtopleaseorselective.Commoncollocationswith"particular"include:-particularabout:"She'sveryparticularaboutherappearance."-particularto:"Thisstyleisparticulartothisregion."-inparticular:"Ilikeallthefruits,butapplesinparticular."-aparticularperson/thing:"Isthereaparticularpersonyouwanttospeakto?"-beparticularthat:"Shewasparticularthateverythingwasarrangedproperly."Thesecollocationshelptoconveythedifferentnuancesoftheword"particular"invariouscontexts.6."Prevent"meanstostopsomethingfromhappeningorkeepsomeonefromdoingsomething.Itisaboutstoppinganundesirableeventbeforeitoccurs.Example:"Thevaccinecanpreventyoufromgettingtheflu.""Protect",ontheotherhand,meanstokeepsomeoneorsomethingsafefromharmordamage.Itisaboutsafeguardingagainstpotentialthreats.Example:"Theumbrellawillprotectyoufromtherain."Thekeydifferenceisthatpreventionisaboutstoppingsomethingbadfromhappening,whileprotectionisaboutkeepingsomethingsafefromharmthatmayormaynothavebeenprevented.五、论述题（每题10分，共20分）1.Discusstheimportanceofhavingagoodvocabularyforacademicsuccess.Provideexamplesofhowvocabularycanaffectcomprehensionandcommunication.2.Describeastrategyforlearningnewvocabularyeffectively.Includetechniquesformemorization,retention,andapplicationofnewwords.答案：1.Havingagoodvocabularyiscrucialforacademicsuccessforseveralreasons.First,anextensivevocabularyallowsstudentstounderstandcomplextextsandconceptsmoreeffectively.Whenstudentsencounterunfamiliarwords,theymaystruggletocomprehendthematerial,leadingtomisunderstandingsandpoorperformance.Conversely,astrongvocabularyenablesstudentstograspthenuancesofacademiclanguage,whichisoftenmorepreciseandtechnicalthaneverydaylanguage.Forexample,inabiologyclass,understandingthedifferencebetween"mitosis"and"meiosis"isessentialforcomprehendingcellularreproduction.Withoutknowledgeofthesespecificterms,studentswouldstruggletounderstandfundamentalbiologicalprocesses.Secondly,vocabularydirectlyaffectscommunicationskills.Studentswithrichvocabulariescanexpresstheirideasmoreclearlyandprecisely,whichisvitalforacademicwritingandclassparticipation.Forinstance,insteadofsaying"Thisexperimentworkedokay,"astudentwithastrongvocabularymightsay"Theexperimentyieldedconsistentresultswithminimalvariance,"whichdemonstratesadeeperunderstandingofthesubjectmatter.Additionally,vocabularysizecorrelateswithreadingcomprehension.Researchhasconsistentlyshownthatstudentswithlargervocabulariesarebetterreadersbecausetheycandecodetextmoreefficientlyandunderstandmeaningmoreaccurately.Thiscreatesapositivecycle:betterreadingleadstomorevocabularyacquisition,whichinturnleadstobetterreadingcomprehension.Finally,vocabularyknowledgeisakeycomponentofcriticalthinking.Whenstudentsunderstandtheprecisemeaningofwords,theycananalyzearguments,identifylogicalfallacies,andevaluateevidencemoreeffectively.Forexample,understandingthedifferencebetween"correlation"and"causation"isessentialforevaluatingresearchfindingsandavoidingfaultyconclusions.Inconclusion,astrongvocabularyisnotmerelyaboutknowingwords;itisaboutunlockingdeeperunderstanding,enhancingcommunication,improvingreadingcomprehension,anddevelopingcriticalthinkingskills—allofwhichareessentialforacademicsuccess.2.Aneffectivestrategyforlearningnewvocabularyinvolvesamulti-facetedapproachthatincludesexposure,memorization,retention,andapplication.Belowisacomprehensivestrategyincorporatingtheseelements:First,exposuretonewvocabularyshouldbevariedandcontextual.Insteadofmemorizingisolatedwordlists,learnersshouldencounternewwordsinmeaningfulcontextssuchasreadingbooks,articles,orwatchingvideosinthetargetlanguage.Contextuallearninghelpslearnersunderstandhowwordsareusednaturallyandrememberthemmoreeffectively.Forexample,whenencounteringtheword"ubiquitous"inapassageabouttechnology,learnerscanseehowitdescribessomethingthatseemstobeeverywhereatonce,makingthemeaningmorememorablethansimplymemorizingitsdefinition.Second,activememorizationtechniquescanenhancevocabularyacquisition.Spacedrepetitionsystems(SRS)likeAnkiorQuizletareparticularlyeffectivebecausetheypresentwordsatincreasingintervals,optimizingmemoryretention.Additionally,creatingwordassociationscanhelp.Forinstance,toremember"ephemeral"(meaninglastingforaveryshorttime),onemightassociateitwit