2026年江西军队转业干部考试（英语）冲刺试题及答案

2026年江西军队转业干部考试（英语）冲刺试题及答案PartIVocabularyandGrammarStructureDirections:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Themilitarytrainingprogramwassophysicallydemandingthatmanyrecruitsfeltcompletely________afterthefirstweek.A)exhaustedB)exhaustingC)toexhaustD)beingexhausted2.________theheavyrain,thecommanderdecidedtopostponethescheduledlive-fireexerciseuntiltheweatherclearedup.A)InviewofB)InfavorofC)IncaseofD)Inchargeof3.ThenewpolicyissuedbytheMinistryofVeteransAffairsaimstoprovidecomprehensivesupportforretiredmilitarypersonnel________intocivilianlife.A)transitionB)transitioningC)havingtransitionedD)tohavetransitioned4.Itisimperativethateverysoldier________thestrictsecurityprotocolswhenhandlingclassifiedinformation.A)followsB)followedC)mustfollowD)wouldfollow5.Thegeneralemphasizedthatvictoryinmodernwarfareheavilydepends________advancedtechnologyandhighlytrainedpersonnel.A)ofB)toC)onD)for6.Bythetimethereserveforcesaremobilizednextmonth,thenewlogisticalsupplychain________fullyestablished.A)willbeB)wouldbeC)willhavebeenD)wouldhavebeen7.________hisremarkablebraveryduringthepeacekeepingmission,SergeantMajorLiuwasawardedtheprestigiousMedalofHonor.A)InrecognitionofB)WithregardtoC)OnbehalfofD)Bymeansof8.Theintelligencereportsuggestedthattheinsurgentgroup________amajorattackontheborderoutpostthefollowingweek.A)plannedB)hadplannedC)wouldplanD)wasplanning9.Thetacticaldeploymentofdroneshassignificantlyreducedtherisk________toourgroundtroopsduringreconnaissancemissions.A)exposingB)toexposeC)exposedD)beingexposed10.Thenavalexercisewastemporarilysuspendedduetoanunexpectedmechanicalfailure________occurredintheflagship'sradarsystem.A)thatB)whatC)whichD)it11.Thedefenseministerdeliveredaspeech,________theimportanceofmaintainingahighstateofcombatreadinessatalltimes.A)stressingB)stressedC)tostressD)havingstressed12.________theharshdesertenvironment,theengineeringcorpsmanagedtocompletetheconstructionoftheforwardoperatingbaseaheadofschedule.A)DespiteB)AlthoughC)InspiteD)Though13.Themilitaryacademyrequiresallcadetstomaintainahighstandardofphysicalfitness,________thestrictcodeofconduct.A)alongwithB)aswellC)besidestoD)addedto14.Adetailedinvestigationwaslaunchedtodeterminetheexactcauseofthehelicoptercrash,butnoconclusiveevidence________yet.A)hasfoundB)hasbeenfoundC)hadfoundD)hadbeenfound15.________hewasawareofthepotentialdangersofthemission,theyounglieutenantvolunteeredtoleadthereconnaissanceteam.A)SinceB)EventhoughC)UnlessD)Aslongas16.Thesuccessfulextractionofthetrappedminerswasatestamenttothe________skillsanddedicationoftherescueteam.A)exceptB)exceptionC)exceptionalD)exceptionally17.________isknowntoall,nationaldefenseisthefoundationofacountry'sstabilityandeconomicdevelopment.A)ThatB)WhatC)AsD)Which18.Cybersecurityhasbecomeacriticalcomponentofnationaldefense,ascyberattackscan________anation'sinfrastructurewithoutasingleshotbeingfired.A)paralyzeB)paralyzingC)paralyzedD)beparalyzed19.Thegovernmenthasallocatedasubstantialbudgetto________thelivingconditionsofmilitarypersonnelstationedinremoteareas.A)riseB)raiseC)ariseD)arouse20.________thetacticalchangesproposedbythejointchiefsofstaff,thePresidentapprovedthenewdefensestrategyimmediately.A)HavingreviewedB)ReviewingC)ToreviewD)Reviewed21.Themilitarytribunalsentencedthetraitortolifeimprisonmentfor________classifiedmilitarysecretstoaforeignintelligenceagency.A)leakingB)havingleakedC)toleakD)leaked22.Thejointmilitarydrillisdesignedtoenhancetheinteroperabilityofthealliedforces,________iscrucialforcoordinatedcombatoperations.A)thatB)whatC)whichD)it23.Onlywhenthelastcheckpointissecured________themainconvoytoproceedtothedesignatedsafezone.A)canB)willbeableC)isableD)enables24.Thecommander-in-chieforderedthatallunnecessarycommunication________duringthecriticalphaseoftheoperation.A)ceasingB)ceaseC)ceasedD)mustcease25.Thenewstealthfighterjetpossessesadvancedavionicsandradarsystems,________itvirtuallyinvisibletoenemyairdefenses.A)madeB)makingC)tomakeD)havingmade26.Militarydisciplineisstrictlyenforced;________,anyviolationoftheruleswillresultinseveredisciplinaryaction.A)thereforeB)howeverC)moreoverD)consequently27.Theabilitytoadapttorapidlychangingbattlefieldconditionsis________importantforafieldcommanderastacticalacumen.A)asB)soC)tooD)much28.Thesoldierswereinstructedtofiretheirweaponsonlywhen________uponbyhostileforces.A)firingB)firedC)havingfiredD)tofire29.________thecomplexityofmodernwarfare,continuoustrainingandeducationareindispensableformilitaryofficers.A)GivenB)GivingC)TogiveD)Havinggiven30.Thebilateraldefenseagreementincludesprovisionsformutualmilitaryassistanceintheeventofanarmedattack________eithersignatory.A)againstB)toC)towardsD)forPartIIClozeTestDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThehistoricalevolutionofthePeople'sLiberationArmy(PLA)reflectsacontinuousprocessofmodernization,adaptation,andstrategicreorientation.Sinceitsinception,thePLAhastransformedfromaprimarilyinfantry-basedguerrillaforceintoahighlysophisticated,multi-domainmilitaryorganization.Thistransformationhasnotbeen31;ithasrequiredimmensestrategicforesight,massiveresourceallocation,andacommitmenttoorganizationalreform.Intheearlydays,themilitarydoctrinewaslargelyshapedbytheprinciplesofmobilewarfareandprotractedconflict.Theemphasiswason32thevastcountryside,utilizingflexibletacticstoengageanddefeatatechnologicallysuperiorenemy.However,withtheestablishmentofthenation,thestrategic33shiftedfromsurvivaltonationaldefenseandstate-building.Themilitarybeganto34conventionalwarfarecapabilities,establishingspecializedbranchessuchastheNavyandtheAirForce.TheendoftheColdWarandtherapidadvancementoftechnologypresentednewchallengesand35.ThePLArecognizedthatfutureconflictswouldbe36byinformationsuperiority,precisionstrikes,andrapidmobility.Thisrealizationledtoa37shiftinmilitarydoctrine,prioritizingthedevelopmentof"informatized"warfarecapabilities.Themilitaryinvestedheavilyinelectronicwarfare,cybercapabilities,andadvancedcommandandcontrolsystems.AlandmarkinthePLA'smodernizationwasthe38structuralreforminitiatedinrecentyears.Thiscomprehensiveoverhaulaimedto39themilitary'sjointoperationscapabilitiesbybreakingdownthetraditionalsilosbetweendifferentservicebranches.Theoldregionalmilitarycommandswere40bynewtheatercommands,designedtofosterintegratedjointoperationsacrossland,sea,air,rocket,andstrategicsupportforces.Thisreformwasnotmerelyastructuralreshufflingbuta41redefinitionofhowthemilitarypreparesforandconductsoperations.Furthermore,thehumanresourcescomponentofthemilitaryunderwentsignificant42.Theconscriptionsystemwasadjusted,andagreateremphasiswasplacedonrecruitingandretaininghighlyeducatedpersonnel.Themilitaryacademiesupdatedtheircurriculatofocuson43thinking,technology,andjointoperations.Thegoalwastocultivateacorpsofofficerscapableofcommandingcomplex,multi-dimensional44.AsthePLAcontinuestomodernize,italsotakesongreaterinternationalresponsibilities.ParticipationinUnitedNationspeacekeepingmissions,anti-piracypatrolsintheGulfofAden,andinternationaldisasterreliefoperationshavebecome45ofthemilitary'sexpandingglobalrole.Theseengagementsnotonlyprotectnationalinterestsabroadbutalsocontributetoglobal46andstability.ThejourneyofthePLAisa47totheimportanceofcontinuousadaptation.Inaneraofrapidtechnologicalchangeandcomplexgeopoliticaldynamics,themilitaryremains48toenhancingitscombatreadinessandstrategiccapabilities.Theultimateobjectiveistoensurethatthearmedforcesarefully49todefendnationalsovereignty,security,anddevelopmentalinterestsunderany50.ThemodernizationofthePLAisanongoingprocess,drivenbyaclearvisionoffuturewarfareandanunwaveringcommitmenttonationaldefense.31.A)naturalB)accidentalC)seamlessD)inevitable32.A)conqueringB)exploitingC)defendingD)abandoning33.A)focusB)threatC)retreatD)plan34.A)developB)deployC)dictateD)decline35.A)opportunitiesB)adversariesC)alliancesD)casualties36.A)characterizedB)composedC)compensatedD)condemned37.A)fundamentalB)frequentC)futileD)flexible38.A)historicB)secretiveC)controversialD)defensive39.A)decreaseB)enhanceC)evaluateD)isolate40.A)supportedB)protectedC)replacedD)expanded41.A)superficialB)profoundC)temporaryD)reluctant42.A)reformsB)setbacksC)inspectionsD)withdrawals43.A)criticalB)obedientC)traditionalD)passive44.A)battlesB)exercisesC)administrationD)logistics45.A)evidenceB)illusionsC)exceptionsD)burdens46.A)securityB)economyC)cultureD)trade47.A)reminderB)solutionC)testimonyD)challenge48.A)opposedB)dedicatedC)indifferentD)resistant49.A)preparedB)forcedC)allowedD)persuaded50.A)circumstancesB)regulationsC)negotiationsD)simulationsPartIIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Therearefourpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneTherapidintegrationofartificialintelligence(AI)intonationaldefensesystemshassparkedaglobaldebateontheethicalimplicationsofautonomousweapons.LethalAutonomousWeaponsSystems(LAWS)aremilitarysystemsthatcanselectandengagetargetswithouthumanintervention.ProponentsarguethatLAWScanreducemilitarycasualties,increaseprecision,andprocessbattlefieldinformationfasterthanhumancombatants.Theyassertthatmachinesdonotexperiencefatigue,fear,oranger,potentiallyreducingtheincidenceofwarcrimes.However,criticsraiseprofoundethicalandlegalconcerns.Theprimaryobjectionisthe"accountabilitygap"—ifanautonomousweaponcommitsawarcrime,determiningwhoisresponsibleislegallycomplex.Isitthecommanderwhodeployedthesystem,theprogrammerwhowrotethecode,orthemanufacturerwhobuiltthehardware?Furthermore,theproliferationofAIinwarfarecouldlowerthethresholdforarmedconflict.Ifnationsbelievetheycanwagewarwithoutriskingtheirsoldiers'lives,theymaybemoreinclinedtoinitiatehostilities.ThereisalsotheriskofanAIarmsrace,wherenationscompetetodevelopincreasinglysophisticatedautonomoussystems,potentiallyleadingtoalossofhumancontroloverthepaceandscaleofwarfare.TheunpredictabilityofAIsystems,particularlyincomplexanddynamicbattlefieldenvironments,addsanotherlayerofrisk.Machinelearningalgorithms,trainedonhistoricaldata,maynotperformreliablyinnovelsituations,potentiallyleadingtodisastrousmiscalculations.Toaddressthesechallenges,internationalorganizationsanddefenseministriesaredevelopingethicalguidelinesformilitaryAI.Acommonproposalisthe"human-in-the-loop"principle,requiringhumanoperatorstomakethefinaldecisiontouselethalforce.Whilethisseemslikeapragmaticsolution,thespeedofmodernwarfare,particularlyincyberandspacedomains,maymakehumaninterventionimpractical.AsAItechnologycontinuestoevolve,theinternationalcommunitymustgrapplewiththetensionbetweenmaintainingastrategicadvantageandupholdingthemoralprinciplesthatgoverntheuseofforce.51.WhatistheprimaryadvantageofLAWSmentionedbyitssupporters?A)Theycancompletelyeliminatewarcrimes.B)Theycanprocessinformationfasterandreducemilitarycasualties.C)Theyarecheapertomaintainthantraditionalweapons.D)Theycanoperatewithoutanylegalrestrictions.52.Whatdoesthe"accountabilitygap"refertointhesecondparagraph?A)TheinabilityofAItoexplainitsdecisions.B)Thedifficultyinassigningresponsibilityforawarcrimecommittedbyanautonomousweapon.C)Thetechnologicalgapbetweendifferentcountries'AIsystems.D)Thelegalloopholethatallowssoldierstouseexcessiveforce.53.Accordingtothepassage,whymightAIincreasethelikelihoodofarmedconflict?A)BecauseAIweaponsarehighlydestructive.B)Becausenationsmightwagewarwithouttheriskofhumancasualties.C)BecauseAIsystemsareunpredictableandeasilyhacked.D)BecauseinternationallawsdonotapplytoAIwarfare.54.Whatisapotentialproblemwithmachinelearningalgorithmsinbattlefieldenvironments?A)Theyaretooslowtoprocessreal-timedata.B)Theyrelyonhistoricaldataandmayfailinnew,unencounteredsituations.C)Theyrequiretoomuchhumaninterventiontooperateeffectively.D)Theyarevulnerabletotraditionalphysicalattacks.55.Whatisthe"human-in-the-loop"principle?A)TheideathatAIshouldbeprogrammedwithhumanethics.B)Therequirementthathumanoperatorsmustauthorizetheuseoflethalforce.C)ThedeploymentofhumansoldiersalongsideAIsystems.D)ThepracticeofusingAIonlyfornon-combatoperations.PassageTwoInrecentyears,theconceptofcivil-militaryintegration(CMI)hasbecomeacentralpillarofChina'snationaldefensestrategy.Thecoreideaistobreakdownthebarriersbetweenthecivilianeconomyandthedefenseindustrialbase,creatingasymbioticrelationshipwheretechnologicaladvancementsandresourcescanflowseamlesslybetweenthetwosectors.Thisstrategyisnotmerelyaboutmilitaryprocurementfromprivatecompanies;itrepresentsafundamentalshiftinhownationaldefensecapabilitiesarebuiltandsustained.AkeyaspectofCMIisthesharingofadvancedtechnologies.Manyofthemostcutting-edgeinnovationstoday,suchasartificialintelligence,quantumcomputing,bigdata,andadvancedmaterials,arebeingdevelopedintheciviliantechsector.Byfosteringcollaborationbetweencivilianresearchinstitutions,techgiants,andmilitarydefenselaboratories,thedefensesectorcanleveragetherapidpaceofcommercialinnovation.Forexample,civilianAIalgorithmscanbeadaptedformilitaryreconnaissanceandcommandsystems,significantlyenhancingoperationalefficiency.Conversely,militarytechnologiescanalsohavesignificantspillovereffectsonthecivilianeconomy.Historically,technologieslikeGPSandtheinternet,whichwereinitiallydevelopedformilitarypurposes,haverevolutionizedcivilianlife.UndertheCMIframework,technologiesdevelopedformilitaryaviation,shipbuilding,andaerospacearebeingcommercialized,drivingindustrialupgradingandeconomicgrowth.Thisdual-useapproachmaximizesthereturnoninvestmentfornationaldefenseexpenditures.Despiteitspotentialbenefits,implementingCMIfacesseveralchallenges.Onemajorobstacleistheculturalandinstitutionaldifferencesbetweenthemilitaryandciviliansectors.Themilitaryprioritizessecurity,confidentiality,andstrictcompliance,whiletheciviliantechsectorthrivesonopenness,rapiditeration,andrisk-taking.Bridgingthisgaprequiresnewmechanismsforsecureinformationsharingandintellectualpropertyprotection.Anotherchallengeistheneedforarobustlegalandregulatoryframeworktogoverntheinteractionsbetweenthetwosectors,ensuringthatnationalsecurityisnotcompromisedinthepursuitofeconomicefficiency.Ultimately,civil-militaryintegrationisalong-termstrategicinitiative.Inanerawheretechnologicalsuperioritydeterminestheoutcomeofconflicts,theabilitytoharnesstheinnovativepoweroftheentirenationaleconomyiscrucial.Bysuccessfullyintegratingcivilianandmilitaryresources,anationcanbuildamoreresilient,advanced,andsustainabledefenseindustrialbase.56.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Thehistoryoftechnologicaldevelopmentinthemilitary.B)Theimplementationandchallengesofcivil-militaryintegration.C)Thedominanceofciviliantechcompaniesinnationaldefense.D)Thedifferencesbetweenmilitaryandciviliancultures.57.Accordingtothepassage,howcantheciviliansectorbenefitthemilitaryunderCMI?A)Byprovidingmilitarypersonnelforcivilianjobs.B)ByofferingadvancedcommercialtechnologieslikeAIandbigdata.C)Byreducingthemilitary'sbudgetforresearchanddevelopment.D)Bytakingoverthemanagementofdefenselaboratories.58.Whatisanexampleofmilitarytechnologyspillingoverintothecivilianeconomy?A)Artificialintelligenceusedincommercialbanking.B)Quantumcomputingappliedtoweatherforecasting.C)GPSandtheinternetinitiallydevelopedformilitarypurposes.D)Advancedmaterialsusedinconsumerelectronics.59.WhatisidentifiedasamajorchallengeinimplementingCMI?A)Thelackofinvestmentfromprivatecompanies.B)Theculturalandinstitutionaldifferencesbetweenthemilitaryandciviliansectors.C)Thereluctanceofthemilitarytoadoptnewtechnologies.D)Theabsenceofalegalframeworkforinternationaltrade.60.WhatisrequiredtoovercomethechallengesofCMI?A)Completetransparencyofmilitarysecretstothepublic.B)Abandoningmilitarysecurityprotocolsinfavorofcivilianpractices.C)Newmechanismsforsecureinformationsharingandarobustlegalframework.D)Restrictingcollaborationtonon-technologicalfields.PassageThreeTheSouthChinaSea(SCS)isoneofthemoststrategicallysignificantandcontestedmaritimeregionsintheworld.Itisavitalarteryforglobaltrade,withtrillionsofdollarsworthofgoodspassingthroughitsshippinglanesannually.Furthermore,itisbelievedtoberichinnaturalresources,particularlyoilandnaturalgas,makingitanareaofimmenseeconomicinterestforthesurroundingnations.Thedisputesoverthesovereigntyofislands,reefs,andwatersintheSCSinvolvemultiplecountries,leadingtoacomplexwebofhistorical,legal,andgeopoliticaltensions.Thecoreofthedisputeliesinoverlappingterritorialclaims.Severalnationshaveestablishedmilitaryoutpostsonsmallislandsandreefs,conductinglandreclamationandbuildinginfrastructuresuchasrunwaysandradarfacilities.Themilitarizationofthesefeatureshasraisedregionaltensions,drawingtheattentionofglobalpowers.ThepresenceofexternalnaviesconductingFreedomofNavigationOperations(FONOPs)furthercomplicatesthesecuritydynamics.WhiletheseoperationsareintendedtochallengeexcessivemaritimeclaimsandupholdinternationalnavigationrightsundertheUNConventionontheLawoftheSea(UNCLOS),theyareoftenperceivedbyclaimantstatesasprovocative.Despitethepotentialforconflict,thereisastrongregionalconsensusontheimportanceofmaintainingpeaceandstability.Diplomaticeffortshavebeenongoingfordecades,mostnotablythroughtheframeworkoftheAssociationofSoutheastAsianNations(ASEAN).ChinaandASEANmembershavebeennegotiatingaCodeofConduct(COC)intheSouthChinaSea.TheobjectiveoftheCOCistoestablishasetofnormsandrulestomanagedifferences,preventaccidentalconflicts,andpromotemutualtrust.However,negotiationshavebeenslow,hinderedbydifferencesinpower,strategicinterests,andexternalinterference.Theeconomicinterdependenceamongtheclaimantnationsactsasastrongdeterrentagainstarmedconflict.AmilitaryconfrontationintheSCSwoulddisruptglobalsupplychains,inflictseveredamageontheeconomiesoftheinvolvedcountries,andpotentiallyescalateintoabroaderregionalwar.Therefore,whilemaritimedisputespersist,theprevailingregionalstrategyiscrisismanagementratherthanconflictresolution.Nationsarefocusingonestablishingcommunicationmechanisms,suchashotlinesbetweencoastguardsanddefenseministries,toavoidunintendedclashesatsea.61.WhyistheSouthChinaSeaofgreatglobalimportance?A)Ithasthelargestnavalbasesintheworld.B)Itisacrucialrouteforglobaltradeandisrichinnaturalresources.C)Itistheexclusiveeconomiczoneofseveralglobalpowers.D)ItiswheretheUNConventionontheLawoftheSeawassigned.62.WhatisthemaincauseofthedisputesintheSouthChinaSea?A)Overlappingterritorialclaimsbymultiplenations.B)Piracyandmaritimeterrorism.C)Thepresenceofunregulatedfishingfleets.D)Disputesoveroffshoreoildrillingcontracts.63.WhatisthepurposeofFreedomofNavigationOperations(FONOPs)?A)Tosupporttheterritorialclaimsofalliednations.B)Toconductmilitaryexerciseswithregionalpartners.C)Tochallengeexcessivemaritimeclaimsandupholdinternationalnavigationrights.D)Toprotectcommercialshippingfrompirateattacks.64.WhatistheobjectiveoftheCodeofConduct(COC)beingnegotiated?A)Topermanentlyresolveallterritorialdisputesintheregion.B)Toestablishnormstomanagedifferencesandpreventaccidentalconflicts.C)Toformamilitaryallianceagainstexternalpowers.D)Todividethenaturalresourcesequallyamongtheclaimantstates.65.Whyisarmedconflictconsideredunlikelydespitethetensions?A)Becausetheregionalmilitaryforcesaretooweaktofight.B)Becauseexternalpowershaveprohibitedtheuseofforce.C)Becauseeconomicinterdependencemakesconflicttoocostly.D)Becausealldisputeshavebeenresolvedthroughinternationalcourts.PassageFourTheconceptof"hybridwarfare"hasemergedasacriticalframeworkforunderstandingmodernconflicts.Unliketraditionalwarfare,whichischaracterizedbydirect,state-on-statemilitaryengagement,hybridwarfareblursthelinesbetweenwarandpeace,andbetweenmilitaryandciviliandomains.Itinvolvesacoordinatedandsynchronizeduseofmilitaryandnon-militarymeans,includingconventionalforces,irregulartactics,cyberattacks,economiccoercion,andinformationoperations.Theobjectiveisnotnecessarilytodefeattheenemyonthebattlefield,buttodestabilizethetargetstate,undermineitsinstitutions,andachievestrategicobjectiveswithoutcrossingthethresholdofovertarmedconflict.Akeycomponentofhybridwarfareisinformationandpsychologicalmanipulation.Adversariesusedisinformationcampaigns,propaganda,andtheweaponizationofsocialmediatopolarizesocieties,erodetrustingovernmentinstitutions,andmanipulatepublicperception.Byexploitingexistingsocietalfaultlines,suchasethnic,religious,orpoliticaldivisions,anaggressorcancreateinternalchaosandparalyzethetargetstate'sdecision-makingprocess.This"weaponizationofeverything"approachmakesitdifficultforthetargetstatetoidentifytheaggressorandformulateacoherentresponse.Economiccoercionisanothervitaltoolinthehybridwarfarearsenal.Statesmayusetraderestrictions,sanctions,andcontrolovercriticalsupplychainstoexertpressureonatargetnation.Bythreateningacountry'seconomiclifelines,anaggressorcanforceconcessionswithoutdeployingasinglesoldier.Furthermore,cyberoperationsareusedtodisruptcriticalinfrastructure,suchaspowergrids,financialsystems,andcommunicationnetworks.Theseattacksareoftenconductedbyproxygroups,allowingtheaggressortomaintainplausibledeniability.Defendingagainsthybridwarfarepresentsunprecedentedchallenges.Traditionalmilitarydoctrineanddeterrencestrategiesareofteninadequate,astheattackoccursinagrayzonebelowthelevelofarmedconflict.Acomprehensivedefenserequiresawhole-of-societyapproach,integratingnotonlythemilitarybutalsointelligenceagencies,lawenforcement,privatesectorcompanies,andcivilsociety.Resilienceisthekeytocounteringhybridthreats;anationmuststrengthenitscriticalinfrastructure,enhancemedialiteracytoresistdisinformation,andmaintainrobustemergencyresponsemechanismstowithstandandrecoverfromdisruptiveshocks.66.Accordingtothepassage,whatdistinguisheshybridwarfarefromtraditionalwarfare?A)Itonlyusescyberattacksandeconomiccoercion.B)Itblursthelinesbetweenmilitaryandciviliandomainsandavoidsdirectmilitaryengagement.C)Itisfoughtexclusivelybyirregularproxygroups.D)Itisdeclaredonlyaftereconomicsanctionshavefailed.67.Whatistheprimarygoalofinformationoperationsinhybridwarfare?A)Todestroytheenemy'scommunicationinfrastructure.B)Topolarizesocietiesanderodetrustingovernmentinstitutions.C)Tospreaddemocraticvaluesandhumanrights.D)Tointerceptclassifiedmilitaryintelligence.68.Howdoadversariesuseeconomiccoercioninhybridwarfare?A)Byofferingfinancialaidtobuyloyalty.B)Byimposingtraderestrictionsandthreateningcriticalsupplychains.C)Byinvestingheavilyinthetargetcountry'sinfrastructure.D)Bymanipulatingthetargetcountry'scurrencyexchangerate.69.Whyisitdifficulttoattributecyberattacksinhybridwarfaretoaspecificaggressor?A)Becausetheattacksaretoosmalltobedetected.B)Becauseinternationallawprohibitsretaliatingagainstcyberattacks.C)Becausetheseattacksareoftencarriedoutbyproxygroups,allowingforplausibledeniability.D)Becausethetechnologyusedisoutdatedanduntraceable.70.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisessentialfordefendingagainsthybridwarfare?A)Increasingthemilitarybudgettodevelopnewweapons.B)Awhole-of-societyapproachfocusingonnationalresilience.C)Relyingsolelyonintelligenceagenciestoidentifythreats.D)Expandingtheconventionalmilitarypresenceingrayzones.PartIVTranslationDirections:Inthispart,therearetwotranslationtasks.Task1isfromEnglishtoChinese,andTask2isfromChinesetoEnglish.Task1:EnglishtoChineseThemodernizationofnationaldefenseandthearmedforcesisanessentialrequirementforbuildingamodernsocialistcountry.Wemustimplementthe