【甲醇重整制氢反应载体的研究现状的文献综述2100字】

甲醇重整制氢反应载体的研究现状的文献综述反应载体是重整制氢反应器中的核心部件，目前常见的反应载体有微通道载体和多孔材料载体。微通道载体微通道式反应器中，催化剂直接涂覆在微通道表面，具有压降小、流动均匀稳定等优势，但比表面积较小；通道表面光滑，催化剂负载强度低，易产生催化剂脱落等问题ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Garcia</Author><Year>2021</Year><RecNum>16</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[18]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>16</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619161456">16</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Garcia,Gabriel</author><author>Arriola,Emmanuel</author><author>Chen,Wei-Hsin</author><author>DeLuna,MarkDaniel</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Acomprehensivereviewofhydrogenproductionfrommethanolthermochemicalconversionforsustainability</title><secondary-title>Energy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Energy</full-title></periodical><volume>217</volume><section>119384</section><dates><year>2021</year></dates><isbn>03605442</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.energy.2020.119384</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[18]。微通道反应器有直流道、蛇形流道、叉指型流道、分形微流道、微凸台流道、表面多孔微通道等。西班牙巴斯克大学OihaneSanz等研究了多通道微反应器中强化甲醇蒸汽重整以提高产氢量的方法，研究了重整温度、空速和催化层厚度等参数对重整性能的影响ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Sanz</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>17</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[19]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>17</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619162487">17</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sanz,Oihane</author><author>Velasco,Ion</author><author>Pérez-Miqueo,Iñigo</author><author>Poyato,Rosalía</author><author>Odriozola,JoseAntonio</author><author>Montes,Mario</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Intensificationofhydrogenproductionbymethanolsteamreforming</title><secondary-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</full-title></periodical><pages>5250-5259</pages><volume>41</volume><number>10</number><section>5250</section><dates><year>2016</year></dates><isbn>03603199</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.01.084</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[19]。厦门大学YifanYang等设计了一种具有二级结构的微通道。采用线切割电火花加工制作出具有不同截面的微通道基板，并在微通道基板上采用激光束加工出深度为30μm、宽为50μm的网状结构，并且测试了该微通道结构的催化剂负载性能与制氢性能ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Su</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>18</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[20]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>18</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619162924">18</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Su,Liang</author><author>Yang,Yifan</author><author>Chu,Xuyang</author><author>Zheng,Tianqing</author><author>Zhang,Jinlei</author><author>Fu,Ting</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Multi-scalemicrochannelprocessingandhydrogenproductionperformanceofmicroreactorsformethanolreforming</title><secondary-title>JournalofRenewableandSustainableEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>JournalofRenewableandSustainableEnergy</full-title></periodical><volume>12</volume><number>4</number><section>046302</section><dates><year>2020</year></dates><isbn>1941-7012</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1063/1.5142312</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[20]。图1-1通过铣削和刻蚀制造的微流道及其反应器[19]图1-2具有二次网状结构的微通道板[20]2006年，日本工学院大学YoshihiroKawamura等设计并制备了一种适合小型微型甲醇重整装置。微反应器由玻璃和硅衬底形成长度333mm，截面0.6×0.4mm2的蛇形催化剂涂层微通道ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Kawamura</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>21</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[21]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>21</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619164739">21</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kawamura,Yoshihiro</author><author>Ogura,Naotsugu</author><author>Yamamoto,Tadao</author><author>Igarashi,Akira</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>AminiaturizedmethanolreformerwithSi-basedmicroreactorforasmallPEMFC</title><secondary-title>ChemicalEngineeringScience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ChemicalEngineeringScience</full-title></periodical><pages>1092-1101</pages><volume>61</volume><number>4</number><section>1092</section><dates><year>2006</year></dates><isbn>00092509</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ces.2005.08.014</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[21]。台湾阳明交通大学Ching-YiHsueh等采用仿真建模方法研究了具有蛇形流场的板式甲醇蒸汽微重整器随壁面温度、燃料水醇比和雷诺数变化的传质性能ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[22,23]。图1-3蛇形流场压力分布云图[21]2014年，台湾成功大学Yu-XianHuang等研究了分形通道图案设计和梯度催化剂层对微型甲醇蒸汽重整器性能的影响。建立了三维仿真模型来预测速度分布和气体浓度分布，并对甲醇转化率进行了评价。结果表明，分形通道设计提高了转换比，降低了CO，减小了通道内的压降。相对于平行通道设计，在0.3cc/min的流速下，催化剂层均匀的分形通道设计可使CO转化率降低17%，甲醇转化率提高8%。平行流道设计和分形流道设计的压降分别为254Pa和51Pa。从能量消耗的角度来看，低的压降也意味着低的输入泵送功率。与均匀催化剂层的分形设计相比，当入口液流量为1.0cc/min时，梯度催化剂层能有效提高8.5%的转化率，CO降低了11%ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Huang</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>22</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[24]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>22</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619165695">22</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Huang,Yu-Xian</author><author>Jang,Jiin-Yuh</author><author>Cheng,Chin-Hsiang</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Fractalchanneldesigninamicromethanolsteamreformer</title><secondary-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</full-title></periodical><pages>1998-2007</pages><volume>39</volume><number>5</number><section>1998</section><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>03603199</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.11.088</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[24]。图1-4具有分形特性的微流道结构[24]2012年，浙江大学梅德庆课题组提出了一种微凸台式制氢反应器，采用三维模型对微反应器的传热传质进行了数值分析。结果表明反应器的甲醇转化率高于微通道反应器，催化剂载体温度分布均匀，制氢实验结果也验证了仿真模型的准确性ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Mei</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>24</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[25]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>24</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619175899">24</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mei,Deqing</author><author>Qian,Miao</author><author>Liu,Binhong</author><author>Jin,Biao</author><author>Yao,Zhehe</author><author>Chen,Zichen</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Amicro-reactorwithmicro-pin-finarraysforhydrogenproductionviamethanolsteamreforming</title><secondary-title>JournalofPowerSources</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>JournalofPowerSources</full-title></periodical><pages>367-376</pages><volume>205</volume><section>367</section><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>03787753</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.12.062</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[25]。该课题组在2016年采用分层粉末烧结溶解法制备了一种具有微孔表面的微通道催化剂载体。与无孔表面催化剂载体相比，微孔表面催化剂载体具有更好的催化剂附着力，在产氢速率和甲醇转化率方面具有明显优势ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Mei</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>25</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[26]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>25</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619180251">25</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mei,Deqing</author><author>Feng,Yanbing</author><author>Qian,Miao</author><author>Chen,Zichen</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Aninnovativemicro-channelcatalystsupportwithamicro-poroussurfaceforhydrogenproductionviamethanolsteamreforming</title><secondary-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</full-title></periodical><pages>2268-2277</pages><volume>41</volume><number>4</number><section>2268</section><dates><year>2016</year></dates><isbn>03603199</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.044</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[26]。之后，该课题组采用分形理论对这种多孔表面进行仿真建模，并进行相关的实验验证ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[27,28]。图1-5微凸台载体[25]图1-6表面多孔微通道载体[26]多孔材料载体厦门大学周伟等以切割法制备的铜纤维为原料，采用固相烧结的方法制备多孔金属烧结毡，并研究了多孔金属烧结毡的孔隙率和制造参数对传热传质以及甲醇蒸汽重整微反应器性能的影响ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[31-33]。该团队随后又针对自热反应器中燃烧催化剂载体进行了研究，提出了一种新型多微通道泡沫镍燃烧反应载体。对泡沫镍催化剂载体和颗粒催化剂载体的甲醇燃烧微反应器在燃烧反应过程中的壁温进行了比较。根据泡沫镍燃烧反应的数值模拟结果，确定了泡沫镍多微通道的形状和尺寸。然后利用激光加工技术制备了多微通道泡沫镍ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Zheng</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>32</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[34]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>32</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619249710">32</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zheng,Tianqing</author><author>Zhou,Wei</author><author>Yang,Yifan</author><author>Zhong,Yuchen</author><author>You,Huihui</author><author>Li,Xinying</author><author>Chu,Xuyang</author><author>Hui,KwanSan</author><author>Ding,Weihua</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>NovelNickelFoamwithMultipleMicrochannelsasCombustionReactionSupportfortheSelf-HeatingMethanolSteamReformingMicroreactor</title><secondary-title>Energy&Fuels</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Energy&Fuels</full-title></periodical><pages>2815-2825</pages><volume>35</volume><number>3</number><section>2815</section><dates><year>2020</year></dates><isbn>0887-0624 1520-5029</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02712</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[34]。图1-7多孔铜纤维烧结毡SEM图[31]华南理工大学HongqingChen等采用CuZn泡沫金属负载CuZnAlZr催化剂来构建甲醇重整微反应器，并与传统的填充床反应器进行了比较。通过温度、催化剂厚度和表观速度的变化，研究了微重整器内、外传质过程。与填充床相比，改进内、外传质后的微重整器的甲醇转化率提高了约10%ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Chen</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>33</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[29]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>33</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619251489">33</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Chen,Hongqing</author><author>Yu,Hao</author><author>Tang,Yong</author><author>Pan,Minqiang</author><author>Peng,Feng</author><author>Wang,Hongjuan</author><author>Yang,Jian</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Assessmentandoptimizationofthemass-transferlimitationinametalfoammethanolmicroreformer</title><secondary-title>AppliedCatalysisA:General</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AppliedCatalysisA:General</full-title></periodical><pages>155-162</pages><volume>337</volume><number>2</number><section>155</section><dates><year>2008</year></dates><isbn>0926860X</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.apcata.2007.12.009</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[29]。图1-8CuZn泡沫金属负载催化剂的SEM图[29]2019年，华南理工大学的Hong-YuanLei等提出了一种添加剂制备的多孔不锈钢毡(AM-PSSF)作为甲醇蒸汽重整制氢的新型催化剂载体。采用选择性激光熔化增材制造技术(SLM)加工直径为15~63μm的316L不锈钢粉末。采用AM-PSSF作为催化剂载体能够很好地调控不锈钢毡的孔隙率、孔密度等参数，为满足对催化剂载体的不同要求提供了更好的途径ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Lei</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>30</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[30]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>30</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619189337">30</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Lei,Hong-Yuan</author><author>Li,Jing-Rong</author><author>Wang,Qing-Hui</author><author>Xu,Zhi-Jia</author><author>Zhou,Wei</author><author>Yu,Chang-Lin</author><author>Zheng,Tian-Qing</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Feasibilityofpreparingadditivemanufacturedporousstainlesssteelfeltswithmathematicalmicroporestructureasnovelcatalystsupportforhydrogenproductionviamethanolsteamreforming</title><secondary-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</full-title></periodical><pages>24782-24791</pages><volume>44</volume><number>45</number><section>24782</section><dates><year>2019</year></dates><isbn>03603199</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.07.187</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[30]。图1-9多孔不锈钢毡[30]湖南大学MoyuLiao等以多孔CuO/ZnO/CeO2/ZrO2为催化剂，采用溶液燃烧法制备多孔SiC陶瓷作为催化剂载体，并将其应用于微反应器中。以乙二醇为燃料，在载体上形成孔中孔分层结构。结果表明，催化剂的装填量约为载体质量的20%，装填强度较强。此外，该微反应器在280℃下甲醇转化率为100%，反应30h后转化率保持在95%左右，在甲醇蒸汽重整过程中表现出了优异的优势ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Liao</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>34</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[35]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>34</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="avw5a9dpgr5a0fefx58x5v965r2dsrad0as5"timestamp="1619251883">34</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Liao,Moyu</author><author>Guo,Chenxu</author><author>Guo,Wenming</author><author>Hu,Tianci</author><author>Qin,Hang</author><author>Gao,Pengzhao</author><author>Xiao,Hanning</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>HydrogenproductioninmicroreactorusingporousSiCceramicwithapore-in-porehierarchicalstructureascatalystsupport</title><secondary-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy</full-title></periodical><pages>20922-20932</pages><volume>45</volume><number>41</number><section>20922</section><dates><year>2020</year></dates><isbn>03603199</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.05.244</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[35]。图1-10多孔SiC陶瓷外观[35]参考文献BP.StatisticalReviewofWorldEnergy[R].UK:BP,2020.WangX-C,KlemešJJ,DongX,etal.Airpollutionterrainnexus:Areviewconsideringenergygenerationandconsumption[J].RenewableandSustainableEnergyReviews,2019,105:71-85.YuanX,LiH,ZhaoJ.ImpactofEnvironmentalPollutiononHealth-EvidencefromCitiesinChina[J].SocWorkPublicHealth,2020,35(6):413-430.SuM,ZhangM,LuW,etal.ENA-basedevaluationofenergysupplysecurity:ComparisonbetweentheChinesecrudeoilandnaturalgassupplysystems[J].RenewableandSustainableEnergyReviews,2017,72:888-899.ZhaoC,ChenB.China’soilsecurityfromthesupplychainperspective:Areview[J].AppliedEnergy,2014,136:269-279.RenX,DongL,XuD,etal.ChallengestowardshydrogeneconomyinChina[J].InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy,2020,45(59):34326-34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