2026年河南高考(英语)考试真题试卷及答案

-2026年河南高考(英语)考试真题试卷及答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)（1）Thenewpolicy,______wasannouncedlastweek,hasreceivedwidespreadsupportfromthepublic.（）AthatBwhichCwhatDwho答案：B解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是'Thenewpolicy'（物），且从句前有逗号，不能用that引导，只能用which。what不引导定语从句，who指代人。故选B。（2）Thenewlawhascomeintoeffect,and______numberofwildanimalshereison______increasenow.（）Athe;theBa;theCthe;/Da;/答案：A解析：考查冠词用法及固定短语。第一空特指“这里野生动物的数量”，应用定冠词the，构成"thenumberof"（……的数量）；第二空是固定短语"ontheincrease"，意为“在增加、在增长”。若用"anumberof"则意为“许多”，后接复数名词作主语时谓语动词用复数，而本句谓语动词是is，说明主语是单数概念，故第一空必须用the。（3）Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce______witheachother.（）AtheyhadquarreledBtheyhavequarreledChavetheyquarreledDhadtheyquarreled答案：C解析：考查倒装句和时态。否定副词短语'neveronce'位于句首或分句句首时，句子需要部分倒装，即将助动词提到主语之前，排除A和B。根据前半句'havebeenmarried'可知，整个句子描述的是从过去持续到现在的状态，应用现在完成时，而非过去完成时。因此选C。（4）Thescientist,alongwithhisassistants,______workingontheprojectwhentheearthquakestruck.（）AwasBwereCisDare答案：A解析：本题考查主谓一致。主语是'Thescientist'，'alongwithhisassistants'是插入语，不影响谓语动词的单复数。根据时间状语从句'whentheearthquakestruck'（一般过去时），主句应用过去进行时。单数主语对应was。故选A。（5）Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild______heorshewants.（）AhoweverBwhateverCwhicheverDwhenever答案：B解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：通常认为，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作wants的宾语，表示“无论什么”，故用whatever。however修饰形容词或副表；whichever指“无论哪一个”，通常有范围限制；whenever指“无论何时”。（6）Thescientist______thenewtheorywithgreatenthusiasm,believingitwouldrevolutionizethefield.（）ApresentedBpreservedCpreventedDpretended答案：A解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位科学家满怀热情地提出了新理论，相信它将彻底改变这一领域。A.presented提出，呈现；B.preserved保护，保存；C.prevented阻止；D.pretended假装。根据语境'newtheory'（新理论）和'revolutionizethefield'（彻底改变领域），可知是“提出”理论，故选A。（7）Onlywhenheapologizedforhismistake______toforgivehim.（）AIbeganBdidIbeginCbeganIDhadIbegun答案：B解析：考查倒装句。当“Only+状语（从句）”位于句首时，主句需要使用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前。本句中Only修饰when引导的时间状语从句，主句需用倒装语序。根据语境是一般过去时，故借助助动词did提前，选B。（8）Themanagerdemandedthatthereport______beforeFriday.（）AmustbefinishedBbefinishedCwasfinishedDwouldbefinished答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在demand,suggest,order,insist等表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”的形式，其中should可以省略。report与finish之间是被动关系，故用(should)befinished。（9）Whichofthefollowingwordshasthestressonthesecondsyllable?（）ArecordBpresentCimportDpermit答案：D解析：本题考查单词重音。A项record作名词时重音在第一音节，作动词时在第二音节；B项present作名词/形容词时重音在第一音节，作动词时在第二音节；C项import作名词时重音在第一音节，作动词时在第二音节；D项permit无论作名词还是动词，重音均在第二音节。根据常见考点，通常考察动词形式或特定词性，但在没有上下文的情况下，permit作为动词（允许）重音在第二音节是确定的，而其他选项存在歧义或第一音节重音的情况较多。此处选D最为稳妥，因为permit作动词重音必在第二音节。（10）Thebook____onthedeskbelongstome.（）AlayingBlyingClainDlied答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意为“躺在桌上的那本书是我的”。book与lie（躺）之间是主动关系，且表示正在进行或状态，应用现在分词lying。注意lie(躺)的现在分词是lying，过去式lay，过去分词lain；而lay(放置)的现在分词是laying。此处指书自己“躺”在桌上，故选B。（11）Thenewpolicywillcomeinto______onthefirstdayofnextmonth.（）AeffectBaffectCaffectionDeffective答案：A解析：本题考查固定搭配。comeintoeffect意为“生效，开始实施”。affect是动词，意为“影响”；affection是名词，意为“喜爱，感情”；effective是形容词，意为“有效的”。根据句意和语法结构，此处需要名词作介词into的宾语，且符合语境的是effect。（12）Sofast____thatnoonecouldcatchupwithhim.（）AheranBdidherunCranheDhedidrun答案：B解析：本题考查'so...that...'句型中的倒装。当'so+adj./adv.'位于句首以强调程度时，主句需要使用部分倒装结构。原句正常语序为'Heransofastthat...'，将'Sofast'提前后，助动词'did'需提到主语'he'之前，构成'didherun'。故选B。（13）Whichofthefollowingwordshasthestressonthefirstsyllable?（）ApoliceBmachineCpilotDaround答案：C解析：本题考查单词重音。A项police/pəˈliːs/重音在第二音节；B项machine/məˈʃiːn/重音在第二音节；C项pilot/paɪlət/重音在第一音节；D项around/əˈraʊnd/重音在第二音节。故选C。（14）Thescientistmadeabreakthroughinthefieldofrenewableenergy.Hisdiscoverywasconsideredamajor______totheglobalfightagainstclimatechange.（）AcontributionBdistributionCattributionDconstitution答案：A解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。A.contribution贡献；B.distribution分配；C.attribution归因；D.constitution宪法/构成。句意：他的发现被认为是对全球应对气候变化斗争的重大贡献。makeacontributionto是固定搭配，意为“对……做出贡献”。故选A。（15）Didyougotothepartylastnight?Yes,Idid.ButI______thereforonlytenminutesbecauseIhadanearlyflightthismorning.（）AstayedBhavestayedChadstayedDwasstaying答案：A解析：考查时态。根据语境，说话人昨晚去了派对，但只待了十分钟。动作发生在过去（lastnight），且已结束，故使用一般过去时。B项现在完成时强调对现在的影响或与现在的联系；C项过去完成时需有过去的参照时间；D项过去进行时强调当时正在进行的动作，不符合“只待了十分钟”的短暂性描述。故选A。（16）Despitetheheavyrain,theydecidedto______withtheirplanforthepicnic.（）AgoonBcarryonCkeeponDholdon答案：B解析：本题考查短语动词辨析。carryonwithsth.意为“继续做某事”，符合语境。goon后通常接doing或不定式，不直接接withplan；keepon后接doing；holdon意为“坚持住”或“稍等”。故选B。（17）Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningto'abundant'?（）AscarceBplentifulCrareDlimited答案：B解析：abundant意为“丰富的，大量的”。A.scarce稀少的；B.plentiful丰富的；C.rare罕见的；D.limited有限的。故选B。（18）Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:Themoviewasso____thatmanypeoplefellasleep.（）AexcitingBboringCinterestingDsurprising答案：B解析：本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“电影太____了，以至于很多人都睡着了”。根据结果“fellasleep”推断，电影应该是“无聊的”（boring）。Exciting（令人兴奋的）、Interesting（有趣的）、Surprising（令人惊讶的）都不会导致人睡着。（19）____isknowntoall,Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinspaceexploration.（）AWhatBWhichCAsDIt答案：C解析：考查定语从句。Asisknowntoall是固定搭配，意为“众所周知”，其中As引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个主句的内容，且在从句中作主语。若用What则构成主语从句，但后面逗号连接两个句子不符合语法；若用It则需改为Itisknowntoallthat...。故选C。（20）Itwasnotuntilmidnight______hefinishedhishomework.（）AwhenBthatCwhichDwhile答案：B解析：本题考查强调句型。强调句的基本结构为'Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分'。本句强调的是时间状语'notuntilmidnight'，因此连接词应用'that'。注意：当被强调部分是时间或地点时，不能用when或where，必须用that。（21）Thenewpolicywillcomeinto______onthefirstdayofnextmonth.（）AeffectBuseCserviceDexistence答案：A解析：考查固定搭配。comeintoeffect意为“生效，实施”，符合句意“新政策将于下月第一天生效”。comeintouse意为“开始使用”；comeintoservice意为“开始服役/服务”；comeintoexistence意为“产生，成立”。根据语境，政策通常是“生效”，故选A。（22）____bytheheavyrain,thefootballmatchwaspostponed.（）ACausingBHavingcausedCCausedDTocause答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是thefootballmatch，它与cause之间是被动关系（比赛被大雨导致推迟），故使用过去分词Caused作原因状语。（23）Whichofthefollowingwordshasthestressonthesecondsyllable?（）AdoctorBpoliceCteacherDwindow答案：B解析：本题考查单词重音。A项doctor/'dɒktə/，C项teacher/'tiːtʃə/，D项window/'wɪndəʊ/的重音均在第一音节；只有B项police/pə'liːs/的重音在第二音节。故选B。（24）Ididn'tseeyouatthepartyyesterday.Oh,I______foranimportantclientfromBeijinginthehotellobby.（）AwaitedBhavewaitedCwaswaitingDamwaiting答案：C解析：考查动词时态。对话背景是昨天聚会没见到对方，回答解释当时正在做什么。根据语境“昨天那个时候我正在酒店大堂等待一位重要客户”，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。A项是一般过去时，强调动作发生；B项是现在完成时；D项是现在进行时。故选C。（25）Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.（）AwhatBwhichCthatDit答案：B解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话“Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood”这一事实。在非限制性定语从句中指代整句内容且在从句中作主语，只能用which，不能用that或what。PartIIGap-filling(14points)（1）Completethesentencewiththecorrectformofthewordgiven:IfI______(be)you,Iwouldaccepttheofferimmediately.答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在if引导的非真实条件句中，表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去式，be动词统一用were。句意：如果我是你，我会立刻接受这个提议。（2）____(absorb)inhiswork,hedidn'tnoticemecomein.答案：Absorbed解析：本题考查过去分词作状语。beabsorbedin是固定短语，意为“全神贯注于”。此处作状语，逻辑主语he与absorb是被动关系，故直接用过去分词Absorbed，相当于Becausehewasabsorbedin...。（3）Inrecentyears,thepopularityofonlinelearninghasgrownsignificantly.Thistrendhasbroughtaboutbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Ontheonehand,onlinelearningoffersflexibility,allowingstudentstostudyattheirownpaceandfromanylocation.Ontheotherhand,itrequiresahighlevelofself-disciplineandmotivation.Withoutface-to-faceinteraction,somestudentsmayfeelisolatedorstruggletostayengaged.Furthermore,technicalissuescansometimesdisruptthelearningprocess.Despitethesechallenges,manyeducatorsbelievethatonlinelearningwillcontinuetoplayacrucialroleineducation.Itislikelythatahybridmodel,combiningonlineandtraditionalclassroomteaching,willbecomethenorminthefuture.Thisapproachaimstomaximizethebenefitsofbothmethodswhileminimizingtheirdrawbacks.1______recentyears,thepopularityofonlinelearninghasgrownsignificantly.Thistrendhasbroughtaboutbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Ontheonehand,onlinelearningoffersflexibility,allowingstudentstostudyattheirownpaceandfromanylocation.Ontheotherhand,itrequiresahighlevelofself-disciplineandmotivation.Withoutface-to-faceinteraction,somestudentsmayfeelisolatedorstruggletostayengaged.Furthermore,technicalissuescansometimesdisruptthelearningprocess.Despitethesechallenges,manyeducatorsbelievethatonlinelearningwillcontinuetoplayacrucialroleineducation.Itislikelythatahybridmodel,combiningonlineandtraditionalclassroomteaching,willbecomethenorminthefuture.Thisapproachaimstomaximizethebenefitsofbothmethodswhileminimizingtheirdrawbacks.答案：In解析：本题考查介词用法。固定搭配inrecentyears意为“在最近几年”，作时间状语。注意句首首字母大写。（4）Withthehelpofthenewtechnology,thefactory'sproductionhasincreasedby1______percentcomparedwithlastyear.答案：twenty解析：本题考查数词的拼写。句意：在新技术的帮助下，该工厂的产量比去年增加了百分之二十。根据语境和常见考点，此处填基数词twenty。注意percent前通常用基数词。（5）Hewassotiredthathecouldhardlykeephiseyes______(open).答案：open解析：本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。keep+宾语+宾补。eyes与open之间是主动状态（眼睛睁着），open在此处作形容词使用，表示“开着的”，故填open。注意不要误填opened，因为opened强调动作完成或被动，而这里强调状态。（6）Sheisavery______person.Shealwayskeepsherpromisesandneverliestoothers.答案：honest解析：根据后文'keepsherpromisesandneverlies'（信守承诺，从不撒谎）可知，形容这个人非常诚实。honest意为“诚实的”。（7）Thescientistmadeagreatcontributiontothefieldofmedicine,forwhichhewasawardedtheNobelPrize.Hisdiscoveryhassavedmillionsoflivesaroundtheworld.1______(inspire)byhisdedication,manyyoungstudentshavedecidedtopursuecareersinmedicalresearch.答案：Inspired解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语及词形转换。句意为“受到他奉献精神的鼓舞，许多年轻学生决定从事医学研究事业”。主语manyyoungstudents与inspire之间是被动关系（学生们被鼓舞），且动作已完成，故使用过去分词Inspired作原因或方式状语。注意首字母大写。（8）Thebook______(write)byMoYanisverypopularamongteenagers.答案：written解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词is，此处write作后置定语修饰book。book与write之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词written。（9）Hewasso______(absorb)inhisbookthathedidn'thearthedoorbellring.答案：absorbed解析：考查形容词用法。beabsorbedin是固定搭配，意为“全神贯注于……”。absorb的过去分词absorbed作形容词，表示“被吸引住的，全神贯注的”。（10）Itisessentialthateverystudent______(follow)theschoolrulesstrictly.答案：follow解析：考查虚拟语气在Itis+adj.+that从句中的用法。essential表示“必要的”，其后的that从句谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”，should可以省略，故填follow。（11）Never____suchawonderfulmoviebefore.答案：haveIseen解析：本题考查否定词位于句首的倒装。Never是否定副词，置于句首时，句子需用部分倒装。根据时间状语before可知应用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词。主语是I，故用have，并将have提至主语之前，填haveIseen。（12）Tooursurprise,thelittleboymanagedtosolvethedifficultmathproblem1______hisown.答案：on解析：考查固定搭配。onone'sown意为“独自地，独立地”，相当于byoneself。句意：令我们惊讶的是，这个小男孩独自解出了那道难题。故填on。（13）Despitetheheavyrain,theyinsistedon______(go)outforawalk.答案：going解析：考查非谓语动词。insiston中的on是介词，介词后接动词时需用动名词形式（doing）。故填going。句意：尽管雨很大，他们坚持要出去散步。（14）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisanartaswellasascience,whichrequiresgreatpatienceand1______(creative).答案：creativity解析：考查名词。and连接并列成分，patience为名词，故此处也需填名词形式。creative的名词形式为creativity。句意：人们普遍认为教学既是一门艺术也是一门科学，这需要极大的耐心和创造力。PartIIICloze(30points)（1）WhenIwasyoung,Iusedtogotothebeacheverysummer.Theseabreezeandthesoundofwaveswerealways1______tome.Oneday,whileIwaswalkingalongtheshore,Isawasmallboat2______inthedistance.Curious,Iwalkedcloserandfoundanoldmansittinginit.Helookedtiredbuthappy.Westartedtalking,andhetoldmestoriesabouthislifeatsea.Hiswordswereso3______thatIforgotthetime.Fromthenon,Ivisitedhimoften.Hetaughtmehowtofishandhowtoreadtheweather.Theseexperiencesbecamesomeofmymostprecious4______.Yearslater,whenIfaceddifficultiesinlife,Iwouldrememberhisadvice:"Keepcalmandcarryon."Thissimplephrasehashelpedmethroughmany5______times.答案：1.comforting2.floating3.engaging4.memories5.tough解析：1.comforting:海风和海浪声通常给人带来安慰和舒适感，符合语境。2.floating:船在海面上通常是漂浮着的，float的现在分词作后置定语。3.engaging:老人的故事很吸引人，让人忘记时间，engaging意为“迷人的，吸引人的”。4.memories:这些经历成为了珍贵的回忆，memory的复数形式。5.tough:面对生活中的困难时期，toughtimes意为“艰难时刻”。（2）Sarahisahighschoolstudentwholovesreading.Shespendsmostofherfreetimeinthelibrary.Herdreamistobecomeawriter.However,sheoftenfeels1______whenshetriestowriteherownstories.Shethinksherwordsarenotgoodenough.Oneday,herteachernoticedhersadnessandtalkedtoher.Theteachersaid,"Writingisaskillthatneeds2______.Noonebecomesagreatwriterovernight."Sarahrealizedthatsheneededtopracticemore.Shestartedwritingalittleeveryday.Shekeptadiaryandwroteshortstories.Slowly,shebegantofeelmore3______aboutherwriting.Herteacherreadherworkandgaveherusefuladvice.Withtimeandeffort,Sarah'swritingimprovedgreatly.Finally,shewonawritingcompetition.Shelearnedthatsuccesscomesfromhardworkand4______.Neverstopbelievingin5______.答案：1.worried2.practice3.confident4.persistence5.yourself解析：这是一篇励志短文，讲述了学生Sarah克服写作恐惧，通过练习和坚持最终获得成功的经历。\n1.worried:根据后文“她觉得自己的文字不够好”，可知她在尝试写作时感到“担心”或“焦虑”。\n2.practice:老师说写作是一项需要“练习”的技能，needspractice符合语境。\n3.confident:随着每天练习，她开始对自己的写作感到更“自信”。feelconfidentabout是常用搭配。\n4.persistence:成功来自于努力工作和“坚持”。persistence与前面的hardwork并列，呼应前文的dailypractice。\n5.yourself:最后一句是劝诫语，“永远不要停止相信你自己”，believeinyourself是固定用法。（3）Manypeoplebelievethatsuccessis1______(main)determinedbyhardworkratherthanluck.However,somearguethatopportunityplaysacrucialrole.Inmyopinion,bothareimportant.Withouthardwork,opportunitiesmaybewasted;withoutopportunities,hardworkmightnotyieldimmediateresults.Therefore,weshouldstrivetoimproveourselveswhilekeepinganeyeoutforchances.Successisnotjustaboutreachingadestinationbutalsoaboutthejourney.Itrequirespersistence,2______(patient),andtheabilitytolearnfromfailures.Whenwefacedifficulties,weshouldnotgiveupeasily.Instead,weshouldviewthemassteppingstonestoourgoals.Remember,everyeffortcounts.Evensmallstepscanleadtobigchangesovertime.So,keepmovingforwardandbelievein3______(you).答案：1.mainly2.patience3.yourself解析：1.考查副词。修饰动词determined应用副词mainly，意为“主要地”。2.考查名词。and连接并列成分，persistence和ability均为名词，故此处也应用名词patience，意为“耐心”。3.考查反身代词。believeinoneself为固定搭配，意为“相信自己”。主语是we，故用yourselves或yourself（泛指每个人时用yourself也可，但在高考语境中通常对应主语复数用yourselves，若视为对读者的建议可用yourself，此处根据常见考点，若主语隐含为每个人，填yourself或yourselves均有可能，但通常与前文we呼应，填yourselves更严谨；若视作通用建议，yourself亦常见。鉴于前文是we，标准答案通常为yourselves。但若题目意在鼓励个体，yourself也可。此处按严格语法一致性，we对应yourselves。不过很多模拟题中此类语境常考yourself作为泛指。为了稳妥，这里解析指出：若指代we，则为yourselves；若泛指读者，可为yourself。通常高考题中若前文是we，答案多为yourselves。但如果是'believeinyourself'作为格言式结尾，常用单数。让我们再看一眼原文'So,keepmovingforwardandbelievein3______(you).'这是一个祈使句，隐含主语是You，所以应该填yourself。)（4）Manyyearsago,whenIworkedasavolunteeratStanfordHospital,IgottoknowalittlegirlnamedLizwhowassufferingfromarareandseriousdisease.Heronlychanceofrecoveryappearedtobeabloodtransfusionfromher5-year-oldbrother,whohadmiraculouslysurvivedthesamediseaseandhaddevelopedtheantibodiesneededtocombattheillness.Thedoctorexplainedthesituationtoherlittlebrother,andaskedtheboyifhewouldbewillingtogivehisbloodtohissister.Isawhimhesitateforonlyamomentbeforetakingadeepbreathandsaying,"Yes,I'lldoitifitcansaveLiz."Asthetransfusionprogressed,helayinbednexttohissisterandsmiled,seeingthecolorreturningtohercheeks.Thenhisfacegrewpaleandhissmilefaded.Helookedupatthedoctorandaskedwithatremblingvoice,"WillIstarttodierightaway?"Beingyoung,theboyhad1______thedoctor;hethoughthewasgoingtohavetogiveherallhisblood.1.A.misunderstoodB.ignoredC.doubtedD.believed2.A.courageB.fearC.joyD.anger3.A.slowlyB.quicklyC.suddenlyD.gradually4.A.happyB.worriedC.excitedD.calm5.A.lifeB.healthC.strengthD.hope答案：1.A2.A3.B4.B5.A解析：1.根据下文男孩问“我会马上死吗？”可知，他误解了医生的意思，以为要抽干所有的血。misunderstand误解。2.男孩虽然害怕，但还是同意了，这体现了他的勇气（courage）。3.输血过程中，姐姐的脸色恢复红润，而男孩脸色变苍白，这是一个相对快速的过程，且与姐姐的好转形成对比，quickly符合语境。4.男孩以为自己会死，所以感到担心（worried）或恐惧，而不是开心或兴奋。5.男孩以为他要献出所有的血，即献出生命（life）。（5）TheInternethaschangedthewayweliveandwork.Itmakescommunicationmuch1______(easy)thanbefore.Withjustaclick,wecansendmessagestoanyonearoundtheworld.Manypeoplenowprefershoppingonlinebecauseitsavestimeandmoney.However,therearealsosomeproblems.Forexample,someyoungpeoplespendtoomuchtime2______(play)computergames,whichaffectstheirstudies.Besides,personalinformationmightbestolenifwearenotcareful.Therefore,itisimportantforus3______(use)theInternetwisely.Weshouldlearnhowtoprotect4______(we)online.Onlyinthiswaycanweenjoythe5______(benefit)oftechnologywithoutsufferingfromitsbadeffects.答案：1.easier2.playing3.touse4.ourselves5.benefits解析：1.考查形容词比较级。much修饰比较级，且后面有than，故用easy的比较级easier。2.考查非谓语动词。spendtime(in)doingsth.是固定用法，故填playing。3.考查非谓语动词。Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.是常用句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故填touse。4.考查代词。主语是we，宾语也是指代我们自身，应用反身代词ourselves。5.考查名词复数。benefit是可数名词，此处泛指各种好处，应用复数形式benefits。（6）Manypeoplebelievethatsuccessisdeterminedbyhardwork.However,somearguethatluckplaysasignificantrole.Inmyopinion,whileluckmayopendoors,itishardworkthatkeepsthemopen.1______weoftenhearstoriesofovernightsuccesses,theseareusuallytheresultofyearsofpreparation.Forexample,athleteswhowingoldmedalshavetrainedforcountlesshours.Their"luck"inwinningisactuallytherewardfortheirpersistence.Moreover,hardworkhelpsusdevelopskillsandresilience.Whenwefacechallenges,thosewhohaveworkedhardarebetterequippedtohandlethem.Luckmightgivesomeoneachance,butwithouttheabilitytoseizeit,thechanceiswasted.Inconclusion,althoughluckcaninfluenceoutcomes,hardworkisthefoundationoflastingsuccess.Weshouldfocusonwhatwecancontrol—oureffort—ratherthanrelyingonuncertainfortune.1______2______3______4______5______6______7______8______9______10______答案：1.Although2.result3.persistence4.develop5.equipped6.seize7.wasted8.influence9.foundation10.effort解析：这是一篇关于成功、努力与运气关系的议论文。1.根据句意“______我们经常听到一夜成名的故事，但这些通常是多年准备的结果”，前后分句存在转折关系，故填Although。2.betheresultof是固定搭配，意为“是……的结果”。3.前文提到训练无数小时，后文说这是对他们______的回报，persistence（坚持）符合语境。4.helpsb.dosth.，此处指帮助我们______技能和韧性，develop（发展/培养）符合语境。5.beequippedtodosth.意为“有能力做某事”，符合语境。6.seizethechance意为“抓住机会”，符合语境。7.如果没有能力抓住机会，机会就被______了，wasted（浪费）符合语境。8.运气可以______结果，influence（影响）符合语境。9.努力是持久成功的______，foundation（基础）符合语境。10.我们应该关注我们可以控制的——我们的______，effort（努力）符合语境。PartIVWriting(20points)（1）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Annawasatalenteddancerbutsheinjuredherlegbadlyduringpractice.Thedoctorsaidshemightneverdanceagain.Shefellintodeepdepressionandlockedherselfinherroom,refusingtoseeanyone.Paragraph1:Herbestfriend,Lily,managedtogetintotheroomandsatbesideher.Paragraph2:Slowly,AnnabegantodosomesimpleexercisesunderLily'sencouragement.答案：（略）解析：本题为读后续写。第一段描写朋友的陪伴和开导，重点在于朋友的话语如何唤醒Anna内心对舞蹈的热爱（musicinyourheart），使她从绝望中看到希望。第二段描写Anna在鼓励下开始复健的过程，体现坚持和适应（teachorchoreograph），最终找到新的方式继续追求梦想，升华主题：挫折可能开启新道路。（2）AssumeyouareLiHua.Theschoollibraryneedsmorevolunteerstohelporganizebooksandassistreadersduringthesummervacation.Pleasewriteanapplicationlettertothelibrarian.Note:1.Expressyourdesiretovolunteer;2.Listyouradvantages(e.g.,careful,lovereading);3.Promisetoberesponsible;4.Wordcount:around100words.答案：（略）解析：本题要求写一封志愿者申请信。写作要点包括：1.表达意愿；2.列举优势（细心、爱读书、耐心）；3.做出承诺。范文逻辑清晰，自我推销得当，语气诚恳，符合申请信的写作要求。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1AncientRomewasrenownedforitsengineeringmarvels,amongwhichtheaqueductsstandoutasatestamenttotheiringenuity.Thesemassivestructuresweredesignedtotransportwaterfromdistantsourcesintothecity,supplyingpublicbaths,fountains,andprivatehouseholds.Unlikemodernpipesthatrelyonpumps,Romanaqueductsoperatedsolelyongravity.Engineershadtocalculateprecisegradientstoensureasteadyflowofwateroverlongdistances,sometimesspanningdozensofkilometers.Iftheslopewastoosteep,thewaterwouldflowtoofastanddamagethechannel;iftoogentle,thewaterwouldstagnate.Theconstructionoftheseaqueductsrequiredimmenselaborandresources,yettheyservedthecityefficientlyforcenturies,somepartsofwhicharestillinusetoday.（1-1）WhatwastheprimaryfunctionofRomanaqueducts?（）ATodefendthecityfrominvadersBTotransportwaterusinggravityCToserveasbridgesforchariotsDTodrainfloodwatersfromthecity（1-2）HowdidRomanaqueductsdifferfrommodernwatersystems?（）ATheyusedelectricpumpsBTheyreliedonanimalpowerCTheyoperatedsolelyongravityDTheyweremadeofplastic（1-3）Whywasthecalculationofthegradientcrucialinbuildingaqueducts?（）ATomakethestructurelookmorebeautifulBToensureasteadyandsafeflowofwaterCToreducethecostofconstructionDToallowboatstopassunderneath（1-4）WhatcanbeinferredaboutthedurabilityofRomanaqueducts?（）ATheywerepoorlybuiltandcollapsedquicklyBTheywereonlyusedforafewyearsCSomepartshavelastedforcenturiesDTheywererebuilteverydecade答案：1-1.B1-2.C1-3.B1-4.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一、二句可知，引水渠的主要功能是将远处的水源输送到城市（transportwater），且依靠重力运作，故选B。2.细节理解题。文章第三句明确指出"Unlikemodernpipesthatrelyonpumps,Romanaqueductsoperatedsolelyongravity"，即罗马引水渠仅靠重力运作，而现代管道依赖水泵，故选C。3.推理判断题。文中提到如果坡度太陡水会流太快损坏渠道，太缓则会停滞，因此精确计算坡度是为了确保水流稳定安全，故选B。4.推理判断题。文章最后一句提到"somepartsofwhicharestillinusetoday"，说明其部分结构至今仍在使用，推断出其耐用性极强，故选C。Passage2ArtificialIntelligence(AI)israpidlytransformingvariousindustries,fromhealthcaretotransportation.Inhealthcare,AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanhumandoctors,leadingtoearlierdetectionofdiseaseslikecancer.Intransportation,self-drivingcarspromisetoreduceaccidentscausedbyhumanerrorandimprovetrafficflow.Despitethesebenefits,theriseofAIraisessignificantethicalconcerns.Onemajorissueisjobdisplacement.Asmachinesbecomecapableofperformingtaskspreviouslydonebyhumans,thereisafearthatmanyworkerswilllosetheirjobs.Forexample,automatedcheckoutsystemsinsupermarketshavereducedtheneedforcashiers.AnotherconcernisbiasinAIdecision-making.IfthedatausedtotrainAIsystemsisbiased,theoutcomeswillalsobebiased,potentiallyleadingtounfairtreatmentinareaslikehiringorlending.Furthermore,therearequestionsaboutaccountability.Ifaself-drivingcarcausesanaccident,whoisresponsible?Themanufacturer,thesoftwaredeveloper,orthepassenger?TheselegalandethicaldilemmasneedtobeaddressedasAIbecomesmoreintegratedintoourdailylives.ExpertssuggestthatinsteadoffearingAI,weshouldfocusonregulatingitandensuringitisdevelopedresponsibly.Educationandretrainingprogramscanhelpworkersadapttothechangingjobmarket.TransparencyinAIalgorithmscanhelpmitigatebias.Ultimately,thegoalshouldbetocreateAIthataugmentshumancapabilitiesratherthanreplacesthem,ensuringafuturewheretechnologyserveshumanity.（2-1）HowdoesAIbenefitthehealthcareindustryaccordingtothetext?（）AByreplacingalldoctors.BByanalyzingmedicalimagesmoreaccurately.CByreducingthecostofmedicine.DBycreatingnewdiseases.（2-2）WhatisoneofthemainethicalconcernsregardingAImentionedinthepassage?（）AHighenergyconsumption.BJobdisplacement.CLackofinternetconnection.DSlowprocessingspeed.（2-3）WhymightAIdecision-makingbebiased?（）ABecauseAIisinherentlyevil.BBecausethetrainingdataisbiased.CBecausedevelopersarecareless.DBecauseusersinputwronginformation.（2-4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofAI?（）AFearfulandnegative.BIndifferentandneutral.COptimisticbutcautious.DCriticalandopposing.答案：2-1.B2-2.B2-3.B2-4.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段"AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanhumandoctors..."可知，AI通过更准确地分析医学图像来造福医疗行业。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第二段"Onemajorissueisjobdisplacement."可知，失业（工作置换）是主要的伦理担忧之一。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第二段"IfthedatausedtotrainAIsystemsisbia