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RockMassClassificationUNIT10RockMassClassificationUrbanUndergroundSpaceEngineeringHebeiUniversityofEngineeringClass12-02Group1NewWordsandExpressions先看单词或短语RefertoP92AdditionsrockboltsteelsetscivilengineeringRQDheading/faceNATMwiremeshshotcreteparameterstressfieldspanspallslabrockbrustRMRblastbenchWhatWhyHowWho怎么阅读ForExample①[Duringthefeasibilityandpreliminarydesignstagesofaproject,whenverylittledetailedinformationontherockmassanditsstressandhydrologiccharacteristicsisavailable],

theuseofarockmassclassificationschemecanbeofconsiderablebenefit.②

Atitssimplest,thismayinvolveusingtheclassificationschemeasacheck-listtoensurethatallrelevantinformationhasbeenconsidered.

③

Attheotherendofthespectrum,oneormorerockmassclassificationschemecanbeusedtobuildupapictureofthecompositionandcharacteristicsofarockmasstoprovideinitialestimatesofsupportrequirements,andtoprovideestimatesofstrengthanddeformationpropertiesoftherockmass.①Itisimportanttounderstandthattheuseofarockmassclassificationschemedoesnot(andcannot)replacesomeofthemoreelaboratedesignprocedures.However，②theuseofthesedesignproceduresrequiresaccesstorelativelydetailedinformationoninsitustress，

rockmasspropertiesandplannedexcavationsequence，

noneofwhichmaybeavailableatanearlystageintheproject.③

Asthisinformationbecomesavailable，theuseoftherockmassclassificationschemes

shouldbeupdatedandusedinconjunctionwithsitespecificanalyses.LET’SGOPartOneEngineeringRockMassClassification工程岩体分类P88-89EngineeringRockMassClassification工程岩体分类Introductions读前介绍PartTwoTerzaghi’sRockMassClassification太沙基岩体分类P89-90Terzaghi我是太沙基太沙基

KarlTerzaghi1883～1963现代土力学奠基人•集教、研究、实践于一体

重视工程实践对土力学的发展•麻省理工维也纳高等工业学院伦敦帝国学院哈佛大学•名誉博士学位9个

获ASCE最高奖诺曼奖4次(唯一)•专设太沙基奖与太沙基讲座(最顶尖)IntactRock完整岩StratifiedRock层状岩ModeratelyJointedRock中度节理岩BlockyandSeamyRock块状、有裂缝岩CrushedbutChemicallyIntactRock碎片岩（未受化学扰动）SqueezingRock挤压岩SwellingRock膨胀岩Descriptions相关描述PartThreeClassificationsInvolvingStand-upTime隧洞自稳时间分类P90SeveralConcepts几个概念Unsupportedspan无支护跨度

1max(spanoftunnel,distancebetweenthefaceandthenearestsupport)NATM新奥法2NewAustrianTunnelingMethodSeveralArguments几个观点aThestand–uptimeforanunsupportedspanisrelatedtothequalityoftherockmassinwiththespanisexcavated.bAnincreaseinthespanofthetunnelleadstoasignificantreductioninthetimeavailablefortheinstallationofsupport.cNATMincludesanumberoftechniquesforsafetunnelinginrockconditionsinwhichthestand-uptimeislimitedbeforefailureoccurs.dIndesigningsupportforhardrockexcavationsitisprudenttoassumethatthestabilityoftherockmasssurroundingtheexcavationisnottime–dependent.PartFourRockQualityDesignationIndex(RQD)岩石质量指标（RQD值）P90-91RQD什么是RQDPurpose目的

AQuantitativeestimate提供一种数值评价方法Definition定义BPercentofpieceslongerthan100mm大于100mm岩心长度百分比Measure方法CAtleastNWsizedouble-tubecorebarrel标准尺寸(直径54.7mm)双层岩心管Calculation计算方法Lengthofcorerun:200cmRQD=(38+17+20+35)/200×100%=55%Forexample38.017.03.020.035.01.0

Lengthofcorerun:200cmRQD==(60+36+17+1)/200×100%=(64)%Tryatry60.05.010.036.017.015.060+36+17+1564Calculation计算方法Palmstrom’srelationshipforclay-freerockmasses（不含粘性土的岩体）RQD=115−3.3JvJv——forthesumofthenumberofjointsperunitlengthforalljointChangedbytheboreholeorientationUsevolumetricjointcounttoreducethisdependence.！Attention注意事项Deere’sRQD——Whenusingdiamonddrillcore,caremustbetakentoensurethatfracturescausedbyhandingorthedrillingprocess,areidentifiedandignored.12Palmstrom’sRQD——Forexposuremapping,blastinducedfracturesshouldnotbeincludedwhenestimatingJv.ConclusionRQD总结NorthAmerica（北美）Deere’sRQDhasbeenwidelyused,particularlyinNorthAmerica,forthepast25years.SomeattemptedtorelateRQDtoTerzaghi’srockloadfactors