2025年北京英语高考真题带答案带解析

（网络收集）2025年北京英语高考真题带答案带解析带分值文字版第一部分知识运用（共两节,30分）第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）一、阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.The(1)tostandoutconsumedme,pushingmetowardsaregrettabledecision.Oneday,duringaclassintheITlabwithmyclassmates,ourteachermentionedmissingcomputerparts.(2)looksexchanged,everyonewonderedhowitcouldhappenina（n）(3)lab."It'spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey,"Isaid.Instantly,eyesturnedtomewithnewfoundinterestandcuriosity.ItwasarushIhadneverexperiencedbefore.Enjoyingalltheeyesonme,I(4)howtoopenthelock.LittledidIrealizethatsinglemomentwouldruineverything.Thefollowingday,calledtotheheadmaster'soffice,Ifoundmyselfaccusedofstealingthemissingparts."Ididn'tdoit,sir,"Iargued,butsuspicion(5)hiseyes.Hisrepeated(6)intensified,pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears.Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I(7)confessed（承认）.Theheadmasteraskedmyfathertocometoschool,whoseshakyfaithinmebroughtamixofreliefand(8).MyfathergentlyaskedmeifIunderstoodthegravityofmyactions.(9),Iconfessedmymisguidedlongingforrecognition.Intheheadmaster'soffice,myfatherlistenedattentively,andthenspokewithquietauthority:"Itrustmyson.Heisnotathief."Withmyfather`ssupport,Ilearnedavaluablelesson:(10)cannotbeforced;truerecognitioncomesfromhonourableacts.(1)A.promiseB.competitionC.desireD.hesitation(2)A.CuriousB.HopefulC.DistantD.Envious(3)A.expensiveB.lockedC.modernD.abandoned(4)A.discoveredB.recommendedC.demonstratedD.imagined(5)A.caughtB.cloudedC.hurtD.brightened(6)A.questioningB.remindingC.complainingD.requesting(7)A.warmlyB.readilyC.randomlyD.falsely(8)A.prideB.patienceC.shameD.surprise(9)A.GenerouslyB.TearfullyC.CarelesslyD.Strangely(10)A.toleranceB.gratitudeC.sympathyD.attention【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)B(4)C(5)B(6)A(7)D(8)C(9)B(10)D【解析】文章大意本文讲述了15岁的“我”因渴望被关注，在IT实验室向同学展示如何打开锁，却因此被指控偷窃电脑零件，最终在父亲的信任下明白“真正的认可源于正直行为”的故事。(1)考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“feltovershadowedandunnoticed”（感觉被忽视），可知“我”有强烈的“渴望”脱颖而出。“thedesiretodosth.”表示“做某事的渴望”，符合语境。A选项“promise”（承诺）；B选项“competition”（竞争）；C选项“desire”（渴望）；D选项“hesitation”（犹豫）。故选C(2)考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“ourteachermentionedmissingcomputerparts”（老师提到电脑零件丢失了）可知，老师提到电脑零件丢失后，同学们交换的是“好奇的”眼神，因为大家想知道在实验室怎么会发生这种事。A选项“Curious”（好奇的）；B选项“Hopeful”（充满希望的）；C选项“Distant”（遥远的；冷漠的）；D选项“Envious”（羡慕的；嫉妒的）。故选A(3)考查形容词词义辨析。从后文校长怀疑“我”是小偷可推测，物品应该是“锁着的”，“我”打开了它才被怀疑。A选项“expensive”（昂贵的）；B选项“locked”（锁着的）；C选项“modern”（现代的）；D选项“abandoned”（被遗弃的）。故选B(4)考查动词词义辨析。“我”享受被关注，所以“演示”了如何开锁。A选项“discovered”（发现）；B选项“recommended”（推荐）；C选项“demonstrated”（展示；证明）；D选项“imagined”（想象）。故选C(5)考查动词词义辨析。校长的眼中“充满”怀疑。“clouded”在此处表示“被……笼罩”，体现怀疑的情绪；A选项“caught”（抓住）；B选项“clouded”（被……笼罩）；C选项“hurt”（伤害）；D选项“brightened”（使变亮；使愉快）。“caught”、“hurt”、“brightened”均与“suspicion”搭配不当。故选B(6)考查动词词义辨析。校长反复的“询问”让“我”濒临恐惧。A选项“questioning”（质问；询问）；B选项“reminding”（提醒）；C选项“complaining”（抱怨）；D选项“requesting”（请求）。“questioning”指“质问、询问”，符合被指控时的场景。故选A(7)考查副词词义辨析。“我”在压力下“虚假地”承认了指控，因为后文提到“我”并非小偷。“falsely”表示“错误地、虚假地”，与“confessed”搭配正确。A选项“warmly”（热情地）；B选项“readily”（乐意地；容易地）；C选项“randomly”（随机地）；D选项“falsely”（错误地；虚假地）。故选D(8)考查名词词义辨析。父亲对“我”的信任动摇，让“我”感到一丝解脱，但更多的是“羞愧”。“shame”（羞愧）符合因误解而失望的心理A选项“pride”（骄傲）；B选项“patience”（耐心）；C选项“shame”（羞愧）；D选项“surprise”（惊讶）。故选C(9)考查副词词义辨析。“我”“含泪地”坦白了自己对认可的错误渴望。前文提到“fearandtears”，此处呼应情绪，用“Tearfully”（含泪地）最合适。A选项“Generously”（慷慨地）；B选项“Tearfully”（泪流满面地）；C选项“Carelessly”（粗心地）；D选项“Strangely”（奇怪地）。故选B(10)考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“mymisguidedlongingforrecognition”可知，这里说“关注”不能被强迫，真正的认可来自可敬的行为。A选项“tolerance”（宽容；容忍）；B选项“gratitude”（感激）；C选项“sympathy”（同情）；D选项“attention”（关注；注意力）。故选D【分值】15第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）二、阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AMostdaysafterschool,IlovewalkingintheforestwithmydogNick.It`s(1)（peace）,especiallyaroundsunset.Nickhasafuntimesmellingtheleavesandrunningafterrabbits.WhenNickrunsahead,Ihearhimbarkingexcitedly.Isometimescallhimback,worriedthathemighthavesomeone(2)（scare）.Thetruth,though,is(3)couldbeguessed—there'sneveranyoneelsehere.Justme,Nick,andthequietforest.BWhenwasthelasttimeyoutookonatoughchoice?Maybethismorningyoudebatedwhethertogetuporstayinbedslightly(4)（long）.Makingchoicesispartoflife.Bythetimeyoubrushedyourteeth,you(5)（make）severaldecisionsevenwithoutnoticing.Somechoicesarequick,whileotherstakemorethought.Usually,betteroutcomes(6)（achieve）throughathoroughunderstandingofstrategieslikerisktolerance.CWhen(7)（travel）,weengagewithculturesandexperiences.However,accordingtoareportbytheWorldWildlifeFund,tourists(8)（leave）over1.3billiontonsoffoodwastelastyear,(9)accountedforabout8%ofthetotalglobalgasreleasein2024.Toreduceourimpact,wecantakesimplesteps:emptythefridgebeforeheadingout,andchoosesustainablediningoptions.Theseeffortshelpustravelmoreresponsibly.Afterall,exploringtheworldshouldn'tcome(10)theplanet'sexpense.【答案】(1)peaceful(2)scared(3)what(4)longer(5)hadmade(6)areachieved(7)traveling(8)left(9)which(10)at【解析】(1)考查形容词。系动词“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式为“peaceful”，表示“宁静的”。故填peaceful(2)考查非谓语动词。“havesb.+过去分词”表示“使某人被……”，此处指“担心他可能吓到别人”，“scare”的过去分词为“scared”。故填scared(3)考查表语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，此空引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，用“what”引导，指代“可以被猜到的事情”。故填what(4)考查形容词比较级。“stayinbedslightly______”表示“在床上多待一会儿”，根据语境可知用比较级“longer”（更长时间）。故填longer(5)考查过去完成时。“bythetime+一般过去时”主句用过去完成时，表示“到刷牙时，已经做出了几个决定”，过去完成时结构为“had+过去分词”。故填hadmade(6)areachieved解析：考查动词的时态和语态。achieve在句中作谓语，“outcomes”（结果）与“achieve”（实现）为被动关系，且描述一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为：am/is/are+动词的过去分词，主语是复数。故填areachieved(7)考查状语从句的省略。when引导的时间状语从句中，主语与主句一致（we）且从句中含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，用现在分词“traveling”表主动。故填traveling(8)考查动词的时态。“lastyear”为过去的时间，句子用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式为“left”。故填left(9)考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此空是非限制性定语从句引导词，非限制性定语从句修饰“1.3billiontonsoffoodwaste”，用“which”引导，在从句中作主语。故填which(10)考查固定搭配。“attheexpenseof”表示“以……为代价”，是固定搭配。此处指“探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价”。故填at【分值】15第二部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分,共28分）三、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJoinusforTransForm,theinteractivesummercampthathelpsyouteensfindyourpassionbyparticipatinginvariousactivitiesandconnectingwithothers.ExperienceTransFormTransFormallowsyoutogettofocusonyourchosentrackthroughsubjectmattertalks,hands-onworkshops,andoff-siteexperiences.However,ifyouareunsurewhattrackyouwant,youstillgettoexploreanyworkshopyouwantaspartofourExploreWorkshops.Besides,yourparentswillalsobeabletoparticipateinworkshopsselectedjustforthemtolearnaboutcutting-edgescience.ScheduleofProgrammingProgrammingTracks·AgriculturalScience:Introducingyoutoareassuchasbiology,urbanfarming,andenvironmentalsciencesothatyoucanexplorethefieldofagriculture·CommunityBooster:Guidingyoutodevelopinnovativesolutionsforreal-worldchallengesandcreatetransformativeprogresstobenefitallcommunities·HealthyLiving:Empoweringyoutomakehealthydecisionsinsuchareasasnutritionandemotionalwell-being,andleadhealthylifestyles·ScienceLab:Leadingyoutoexploretheskillsyouneedtosucceedinlifeinkeyareaslikecomputerscience,robotics,andphysics(1)TransFormallowstheteensto____________.A.selectworkshopsfortheirparentsB.preparetracktopicsforthecampC.designprogrammeactivitiesD.attendhands-onsessions(2)Accordingtotheschedule,whichactivitycantheteensparticipatein?A.KeynoteSpeechon17July.B.YouthPanelon18July.C.Celebrationon19July.D.ProgrammeShowcaseon20July.(3)Whatcantheteensdointheprogrammingtracks?A.Buildurbancommunities.B.Serveasguidesonafarm.C.Learnabouthealthyliving.D.Volunteerinasciencelab.BThroughoutourJunioryear,myclassmatesandIhavebeenworriedaboutwhatcollegeswillseewhentheylookatourwholelifestoryreducedtoasingle200-wordessay.Willthegoldenword"success”formintheirmindswhentheyreviewourachievements?Orwilltheyseethebigword“fail”inred?Theshadowofthismysterious（神秘的）institutionstealsawaywhatsuccessmeanstous.Myfirststepofredefiningsuccessbeganwithcourseregistrations.Itisawell-knownfact,especiallyinmyschool,thatJunioryearisthetimeofpackingmanyAPclassesintotheschedule.WhenaskedwhytheychosesomanyAPclasses,myfriendsresponded:"Idon'tknow."Theythemselvesdon'tknowwhytheyarefollowingthecrowdandlongingforthepressuresofacademicdifficulty.Therefore,theydonotfeelthesatisfactionofbeingacademicallychallenged.CompletingmanycoursesnolongerbringsoutthefeelingofsuccessbecausemorethanfourAPclassesperyearisanormsetbytopuniversities.Determinedtofollowmyinstincts（本能）onwhatIfeltsuccessmeans,IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.ThefeelingofsuccesswasnolongerattachedtowhatgradeIreceivedbuttothepurejoyoflearning.Evenmyfailuresareattachedtoafeelingofsuccess;afterItakeastepbackandlookatthebigpicture,Iseethemasalaunchingpad（平台）formynextbigachievement.Intheninthgrade,Iwentinformyfirstgroupinterviewforaleadershippositionasashygirl.Notstandingachanceagainstcompetitiveapplicants,Icameoutoftheinterviewwithanupsetlook.Nevertheless,thisinterviewwasn'tawastedopportunity.Italkedtooneoftheseniorapplicantswhoansweredquestionsinawaythatreflectedthefaithshehadinherself.Thisyear,withanopenmindandnewknowledgeinmind,IwalkedintoanothergroupinterviewwhiletellingmyselfIwasthatcoolsenior.Imanagedtosecurealeadershipposition.Ultimately,successcamelittlebylittle.(4)ThroughouttheJunioryear,whatwastheauthor'smajorconcern?A.PressurefromchoosingAPclasses.B.Performanceingroupinterviews.C.Competitionwithseniors.D.Recognitionbycolleges.(5)TheauthorchosefewerAPclassesbecauseof________.A.herownunderstandingofsuccessB.herdesireforacademicchallengesC.herstrongurgetofollowthecrowdD.herdreamofenteringatopuniversity(6)Whichwouldbestdescribetheauthor'sfirstgroupinterview?A.Dignifying.B.Rewarding.C.Engaging.D.Relaxing.(7)Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Everyoneisthemakeroftheirownsuccess.B.Successfavoursthosewithagoldenheart.C.Successknocksatyourdooronlyonce.D.Acollegeholdsthekeytosuccess.CNottoolongago,onacoldwinternight,therewasateenagerwhowantedmorescreentimeandaparentwhosaidno.Theteenagerwasadvocatingforherrighttoscroll（翻屏）foranextra30minutes.Theparentarguedthatnoneofherfriends'parentsletthemhavescreensafter9o'clock."Ithought,inthisfamily,wedon'tcompareourselveswithotherpeople,Dad?"theteenagerreplied.Theparent—whowasme,bytheway—justgotserved.Sincetheywereyoung,Ihavetoldmykidsnottocomparethemselveswithotherpeople.Ihavearguedcountlesstimesthatcomparisonsarethe"thiefofjoy”.Althoughmydaughterdidn'twin,shedidhelpexposeoneoftheworstpiecesofadviceIhaveevergiven.Inmydefence,Ididwhatwe'vealldonebefore,whichisrepeatreceivedwisdomwithoutexploringthenuances.Butnowisthetimetosettherecordstraight,whichstartswithquestioningtheideathatallsocialcomparisonisunhealthy.Socialcomparisonsdo,ofcourse,oftengetusintoemotionaltrouble.Buttheycanbeharnessed（利用）forourbettermentifweunderstandhowtheywork.Thesocialcomparisonswemake—onesthatleadustofeelgoodorbadaboutourselves—arevitaltoourabilitytothrive（成长）.Scienceprovidesaguidewecanusetoharnessthewayweperformthesecomparisonstoreducetheirnegativeemotionalimpacts.Comparingyourselfwithsomeonewhoisoutperformingyoucouldresultinfeelingsofenvyifyoufocusonthethingstheyhaveandyoudon't,oritcanbeenergizingandinspiringifyouusethesecomparisonsasasourceofmotivation,forexample,"Iftheycanachievethat,socanI."Comparingyourselfwithsomeonewhoisdoingworsethanyoucouldresultinfearandworryifyouthinkabouthowyoucouldfallintosimilarcircumstances,oritcandrawoutfeelingsofgratitudeandappreciationifyouusethatcomparisontobroadenyourviews—forexample,"Wow,thingscouldbemuchworse;I'mdoinggreat."WhatIwishItaughtmydaughterearlierarethesenuances.Howwefeelaboutourselvesrestsnotjustonwhomwecompareourselveswithbutalsoonhowwethinkaboutthatcomparison.That'ssomethingweallhavecontrolover.(8)Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisdaughter'sargument?A.Excited.B.Inspired.C.Energized.D.Relieved.(9)Whatdoestheword"nuances”underlinedinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Majorachievements.B.Complexfeelings.C.Significantimpacts.D.Finedifferences.(10)Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ComparingOurselveswithOthersCanBecomeaHealthyHabitB.ComparingOurselveswithOthersCanStrengthenFamilyTiesC.SocialComparisonsCanGetUsintoEmotionalTroubleD.SocialComparisonsCanBeControlledbyScienceDThecallto“knowyourself”hasbeentheresinceancienttimes,butoursenseofselfdoesn'talwaysmatchwhatothersperceive.Consideringthestorieswetellaboutourselvescanhelpustochangeourmindsforbetter.Formanyyears,psychologistssawidentityasacombinationofsomeone'svalues,beliefs,goalsandsocialroles.Then,inthe1980s,BobJohnsoncreatedthelifestorymodelofidentity,inwhichheproposesthat,aswegothroughlife,thesecorefeaturesarebuiltinwithourmemoriestocreateapersonalstorythroughwhichweunderstandourlives.Ourlifestoryissomethingthatstartscomingtogetherinourteenageyears,whenwebegintoorganiseourlivesintochaptersaroundkeyeventsorlifechanges,andbegintoseeourselvesasboththecentralcharacterand,toavaryingextent,thestory'sauthor.Peoplewithmoreconsistentstoriestendtohaveastrongersenseofidentity,andtheyfeeltheirlifehasmoremeaning,directionandsenseofpurpose.Suchpeopleshowgreateroveralllifesatisfaction,too.Johnsonhasalsoinvestigatedthelinkbetweenwell-beingandcertainstorythemes.Hediscoveredthatwhethersomeonedescribeshavinghadsomecontrolovereventsintheirpastisanimportantpredictorofaperson'smentalhealth.Anotherkeythemeinvolvesfindingsomekindofpositivemeaningafterstressfulevents."Peoplecouldtalkaboutgainingknowledgeorpersonalgrowth,"saysJohnson.Hisresearchshowsthatthisisoftenmissingforpeoplewithmentalhealthconditions.Thegoodnewsisthatthereisevidencewecanlearntochangeourownstory.LisaGreen,anotherresearcher,soundsafewnotesofcaution（谨慎）.Forinstance,hearingaboutthepowerofredemptive（拯救性的）stories,manypeoplemayfeelforcedtofindapositiveangleonhorribleevents.ShesaysthatWesternculturealreadypushespeopletolookforthesilverliningbehindeverycloud.Ifyouwanttoturnoveranewleaf,though,onetoptipisthatithelpstochooseasignificantdatethatsignalsthestartofanew"chapter".Contrarytopopulardoubt,resolutionsmadeonIJanuaryaremoreeffectiveforthisreason.So,whetheryourgoalissavingmoneyorgettingfit,thereisnobettertimetobecometheauthorofourowndestiny（命运）.(11)Whatcanbeinferredaboutpersonalstories?A.Theyareunrelatedtohealth.B.Consistentonesleadtostress.C.Theyarerelevanttohappiness.D.Thematiconesholdbackchange.(12)Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Talkingaboutgainsfromfailureisnegative.B.NewYearresolutionsarewellreceived.C.TheWesttendstoovervalueoptimism.D.Socialrolesfailtobehighlighted.(13)Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhispassage?A.Clarifyagoal.B.Analyseanevent.C.Makeacomparison.D.Illustrateanapproach.(14)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howself-identityworks.B.Howstory-tellersaremade.C.Howpersonalstoriesraisedoubts.D.Howtimingaffectspersonalidentity.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)C(4)D(5)A(6)B(7)A(8)B(9)D(10)A(11)C(12)C(13)D(14)A【解析】A文章大意：本文是关于TransForm这个夏令营的信息。(1)考查细节理解。题干句意：TransForm这个夏令营允许青少年做什么？根据文中“TransFormallowsyoutogettofocusonyourchosentrackthroughsubjectmattertalks,hands-onworkshops,andoff-siteexperiences.”可知，青少年可以参加“动手实践的工作坊（hands-onworkshops）”。选项D“attendhands-onsessions”与原文表述一致。其他选项中，A（为父母选择工作坊）、B（准备营地的轨道主题）、C（设计项目活动）均未在文中提及。故选D(2)考查细节理解。题干句意：根据时间表，青少年能参加哪个活动？查看日程安排：17日（17July）的活动包括“LeadtoChangeKick-off”“ProgrammeShowcase”和“TrackWorkshops”，无“KeynoteSpeech”，故A错误。18日（18July）的活动中有“YouthPanel”（13:00-14:15），故B正确。19日（19July）的活动包括“Off-siteExperiences”“GalleryViewing”和“AdultWorkshops”，“Celebration”在20日（20July），故C错误。20日（20July）的“ProgrammeShowcase”未在日程中出现，该活动在17日，故D错误。故选B(3)考查细节理解。题干句意：青少年在课程轨道（programmingtracks）中能做什么？A选项：建设城市社区。根据“CommunityBooster”可知，这个轨道是引导青少年为现实世界挑战开发创新解决方案，造福社区，不是建立城市社区，A错误。B选项：在农场担任向导。根据“AgriculturalScience”可知，这个轨道介绍农业领域知识，但没说青少年在农场当导游，B错误。C选项：健康生活。在“HealthyLiving”轨道中，青少年可以学习在营养和情感健康等方面做出健康决策，过上健康生活，也就是可以学习健康生活知识，C正确。D选项：在科学实验室做志愿者。根据“ScienceLab”可知，这个轨道引导青少年探索计算机科学、机器人技术和物理等关键领域的技能，不是在科学实验室做志愿者，D错误。故选CB文章大意：文章讲述作者没有像同学一样盲目追求很多AP课程，而是按照自己对成功的理解选择课程，并且从第一次面试失败中学习，最终获得成功，强调了每个人对成功有自己的定义，并且可以通过自己的方式获得成功。(4)考查细节理解与判断。题干句意：在整个高三学年，作者主要关心的是什么？根据文章第一段“ThroughoutourJunioryear,myclassmatesandIhavebeenworriedaboutwhatcollegeswillseewhentheylookatourwholelifestoryreducedtoasingle200-wordessay.Willthegoldenword"success”formintheirmindswhentheyreviewourachievements?Orwilltheyseethebigword“fail”inred?（在整个高三学年，我和我的同学们一直担心，当大学把我们的人生故事浓缩成一篇200字的短文来看时，他们会看到什么。当他们审视我们的成就时，他们脑海中会浮现出“成功”这个金光闪闪的词吗？还是会看到醒目的红色大字“失败”呢？）”可知，作者和同学们担心大学在看他们浓缩成200字短文的人生故事时的看法，担心大学对他们成就的评价。即担心大学通过短文对自己的评价。D选项“Recognitionbycolleges.”（大学的认可），与原文中作者担心大学对自己的看法相符。A选项“PressurefromchoosingAPclasses.”（选择AP课程的压力），文中虽提到AP课程，但这不是作者主要关心的，排除。B选项“Performanceingroupinterviews.”（小组面试中的表现），小组面试是后文举例内容，不是主要关心的，排除。C选项“Competitionwithseniors.”（与高年级学生的竞争），文中未提及此内容，排除。故选D(5)考查细节理解与判断。题干句意：作者选择较少AP课程的原因是什么？根据第三段第二行“Determinedtofollowmyinstincts（本能）onwhatIfeltsuccessmeans,IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.ThefeelingofsuccesswasnolongerattachedtowhatgradeIreceivedbuttothepurejoyoflearning.（我决心遵循自己对成功的本能理解，只选择了两门我知道自己会喜欢的课程。成功的感觉不再与我获得的成绩相关，而是与学习带来的纯粹快乐联系在一起。）”可知，作者按照自己对成功的理解，遵循本能选择了两门自己喜欢的课程，觉得成功不再取决于成绩，而是学习的纯粹乐趣。A选项“herownunderstandingofsuccess”（她自己对成功的理解），符合原文表述。B选项“herdesireforacademicchallenges”（她对学术挑战的渴望），文中说选择很多AP课程的同学没有感受到学术挑战带来的满足，作者也不是因为这个选少的AP课程，排除。C选项“herstrongurgetofollowthecrowd”（她强烈的从众心理），作者没有从众，而是按自己想法选课程，排除。D选项“herdreamofenteringatopuniversity”（她进入顶尖大学的梦想），文中未提及选少AP课程与进顶尖大学梦想的关系，排除。故选A(6)考查细节理解与判断。题干句意：以下哪个词最能描述作者的第一次小组面试？根据第四段倒数第二行“Nevertheless,thisinterviewwasn'tawastedopportunity.Italkedtooneoftheseniorapplicantswhoansweredquestionsinawaythatreflectedthefaithshehadinherself.（然而，这次面试并非是一次浪费时间的机会。我和其中一位高年级的申请者交谈，她回答问题的方式体现出她对自己的信心。）”可知，作者认为第一次面试不是浪费时间的机会，还和一位高年级申请者交流并有所收获。B选项“Rewarding.”（有收获的），与原文中面试不是浪费机会且有收获相符，符合语境。A选项“Dignifying.”（有尊严的），原文未体现这一点，排除。C选项“Engaging.”（引人入胜的），原文未提及面试引人入胜，排除。D选项“Relaxing.”（放松的），文中作者第一次面试是害羞的，没说放松，排除。故选B(7)考查主旨大意。题干句意：我们能从这篇文章中学到什么？分析文章主旨：文章讲述作者没有像同学一样盲目追求很多AP课程，而是按照自己对成功的理解选择课程，并且从第一次面试失败中学习，最终获得成功，强调了每个人对成功有自己的定义，并且可以通过自己的方式获得成功。A选项“Everyoneisthemakeroftheirownsuccess.”（每个人都是自己成功的创造者），符合文章主旨，符合语境。B选项“Successfavoursthosewithagoldenheart.”（成功青睐有一颗金子般心灵的人），文章未提及成功与心灵的关系，排除。C选项“Successknocksatyourdooronlyonce.”（成功只会敲一次门），文章未表达此观点，排除。D选项“Acollegeholdsthekeytosuccess.”（大学是成功的关键），文章强调的是个人对成功的定义和追求，不是大学对成功的关键作用，排除。故选AC文章大意：本文以作者与女儿的一次争论为切入点，探讨了社会比较的复杂性。作者原本告诫孩子“不要和他人比较”，认为比较是“快乐的小偷”，但女儿的反驳让他意识到这一观点的片面性。作者指出，社会比较并非全然有害，若能理解其运作机制，便可将其转化为成长的动力。文章最终强调，我们对比较的认知而非比较对象本身，才是决定其影响的关键，社会比较完全可以成为一种健康的习惯。(8)考查观点态度。题干句意：作者对女儿的论点有何看法？首先，文章中提到作者一直告诉孩子们不要和别人比较，说比较是“快乐小偷”。但女儿用作者自己说过的话反驳了作者（“Ithought,inthisfamily,wedon'tcompareourselveswithotherpeople,Dad?”）。接着，作者说“Althoughmydaughterdidn'twin,shedidhelpexposeoneoftheworstpiecesofadviceIhaveevergiven.”以及“Butnowisthetimetosettherecordstraight,whichstartswithquestioningtheideathatallsocialcomparisonisunhealthy.”这表明女儿的话让作者受到启发，开始反思自己之前的观点。B选项Inspired（受启发的）：与作者开始反思自己观点的描述相符。A选项Excited（兴奋的）：文中未体现作者因女儿的话而兴奋，不符合语境。C选项Energized（精力充沛的）：文章没有提及女儿的话让作者精力充沛，不符合文意。D选项Relieved（宽慰的）：文中没有信息表明作者感到宽慰，不符合。故选B(9)考查词义猜测。题干句意：第二段划线单词“nuances”最可能的意思是什么？作者说自己之前像其他人一样，重复那些大家普遍接受的智慧（receivedwisdom），却没有去探索“nuances”。之后作者开始阐述社会比较并非全是不健康的，不同的比较方式会有不同的结果，比如和表现比自己好的人比较，关注的点不同，感受也不同（可能嫉妒，也可能受激励）；和表现不如自己的人比较也是如此（可能恐惧，也可能感恩）。这说明社会比较存在很多细微的差别（finedifferences），而作者之前没有深入探究这些。D选项Finedifferences（细微差别）：符合文章语境。A选项Majorachievements（重大成就）：与文章讨论的社会比较的细微差别无关，不符合。B选项Complexfeelings（复杂的感情）：虽然比较会带来复杂感情，但这里“nuances”强调的是比较方式等方面的细微差异，而非感情本身复杂，不符合。C选项Significantimpacts（重大影响）：文章重点不是说比较的重大影响，而是其细微差别，不符合。故选D(10)考查文章标题。题干句意：这篇文章最好的标题是哪个？文章开篇通过作者和女儿的故事引出对“社会比较”的讨论，指出之前认为所有社会比较都不健康的观点有误。接着阐述社会比较虽然常带来情感问题，但如果了解其运作方式，是可以为我们所用，促进自我提升的（“Buttheycanbeharnessed（利用）forourbettermentifweunderstandhowtheywork.”）。还举例说明了和不同的人比较在不同思考方式下会有不同的、或积极或消极的结果。最后强调我们对自己的感觉不仅取决于和谁比较，还取决于如何看待这种比较。A选项ComparingOurselveswithOthersCanBecomeaHealthyHabit（与他人比较可以成为一种健康的习惯）：很好地概括了文章主旨，即正确看待社会比较，它可以是有益的，符合语境。B选项ComparingOurselveswithOthersCanStrengthenFamilyTies（与他人比较可以加强家庭关系）：文章重点不是说比较与家庭关系的加强，偏离主旨。C选项SocialComparisonsCanGetUsintoEmotionalTrouble（社会比较会让我们陷入情感困境）：只提及负面影响，与文章强调的两面性不符。选项D“ControlledbyScience”曲解文意，文章仅提到科学提供指导，而非“控制”比较。故选AD文章大意：本文围绕“自我认知”与“个人故事”的关系展开，核心观点是：个人通过构建“人生故事”来理解自我，而这类故事对幸福感和心理健康有重要影响。(11)考查细节判断。题干句意：关于个人故事可以推断出什么？根据第三段最后两句“Peoplewithmoreconsistentstoriestendtohaveastrongersenseofidentity,andtheyfeeltheirlifehasmoremeaning,directionandsenseofpurpose.Suchpeopleshowgreateroveralllife-satisfaction,too.”可知，拥有更连贯个人故事的人往往有更强的身份认同感，觉得生活更有意义、方向和目标感，也表现出更高的整体生活满意度。生活满意度与幸福相关，所以可以推断出个人故事与幸福相关。C选项个人故事与幸福感相关，符合语境。A选项说个人故事与健康无关，与第四段中个人故事和心理健康的关系不符；B选项说连贯的个人故事会导致压力，原文未提及且与文意相悖；D选项说有主题的个人故事会阻碍改变，原文未提及。故选C(12)考查细节判断。题干句意：从本文可以学到什么？根据第五段第三句“ShesaysthatWesternculturealreadypushespeopletolookforthesilverliningbehindeverycloud.”可知，LisaGreen说西方文化已经促使人们在每一片乌云后寻找一线希望，即西方文化过度推崇乐观主义。C选项说西方文化对乐观主义的过度推崇符合语境。A选项说谈论从失败中获得的收获是消极的，与原文不符；B选项说新年决心很受欢迎，原文只是说1月1日制定的决心更有效，没说受欢迎程度；；D选项说社会角色没有被突出，原文未提及相关内容。故选C(13)考查文章核心。题干句意：作者在本文中主要做了什么？作者先介绍“人生故事模型”，分析其对自我认知和幸福的影响，再通过Johnson和Green的研究补充细节，最后给出“选择重要日期开启新章节”的具体方法。全文围绕“通过构建人生故事来理解和改变自我”这一方法展开，对应D选项Illustrateanapproach.（阐述一种方法）。A“澄清目标”、B“分析事件”、C“做比较”均未体现文章核心——阐述通过故事塑造自我的路径。故选D(14)考查主旨大意。题干句意：本文主要讲了什么？文章以Johnson的“人生故事模型”为核心，探讨自我身份（self-identity）如何通过记忆、价值观与叙事结构形成，以及故事对身份认同感和幸福感的作用，本质上是在解释“自我身份的运作机制”，对应A选项Howself-identityworks.。B“如何成为讲故事的人”偏离主题，文章重点是个人叙事对自我的影响，而非讲故事的技巧。C“个人故事如何引发质疑”仅为LisaGreen的部分观点，非全文主旨。D“时机如何影响个人身份”是文末的细节（如新年决心），非核心话题。故选A【分值】28第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,共10分）四、根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatisadulthood?Societiesallovertheworldviewtheconceptofanadultasself-supportingandself-directed,becauseitidentifiesapointinthelifecycle.AsAliceBlackpointsout,today'sparents'fearoflettingkidsdomorehouseworkhasaddedtotheirinabilitytofeelcompetentand,thus,confidentinthemselves.PsychologistRobertTurnerwroteaboutthisinhisbook,TheLifeCycle,mentioningastagewhenkidslearnself-directionandmastery.(1)ButTurner'sothercyclesarejustasimportant.(2)Iftheselifecyclesaredelayed,interrupted,ordenied,youfeelincapableofaccessingyourstatesofself,controllingunpleasantfeelings,andmanipulating（操控）theenergythatputstogetherthefabricofyourinnerworld.Turnerwiselysaidthat"doingwell”psychologicallyisbeingabletorollwiththeflowofemotions,managethem,communicateclearlyandwellwithothers,andmastervariousskills.Thisrequiresaninternallocus（核心）ofcontrol,whichimpliesself-controlofyourthoughts,feelings,andactions.(3)You'reself-directedandnotreliantontheworldtotellyouwhoyouare.Andyouknowwhoyouarewithinallthis.So,beinganadultisn'tjustholdingajob.Beinganadultisabouthavingarootedsenseofselfwhilebeingcapableofidentifyingandmanagingyouremotionsandactions.(4)Weareasocialspecies,sothisisimportant.Whileraisinganadultisaparent'sjob,it'salsoourresponsibilityasasocietytoensurethatwesupportschoolsthatnurture（培养）emotionalandidentitydevelopment.(5)A.It'salsoourjobtosupportadultswhoneedhelprepairingincompletelifecycles.B.Theytalkaboutsomeone'sinabilitytosupportthemselvesthroughwork.C.It'sbeingabletoshowunderstandingwhencommunicatingwithothers.D.Inotherwords,you'replayingthegameoflife—lifeisn`tplayingyou.E.Theyteachemotionalawarenessandmanagementaswellasidentity.F.Youfeellikean18-yearold,especiallywhenplaying80smusic.G.Whenthisstageisdenieditcreatesasenseofinsecurity.【答案】(1)B(2)E(3)D(4)C(5)A【解析】文章大意：本文围绕“成年”的定义展开，指出社会普遍认为成年人需具备自给自足和自我指导的能力。心理学家罗伯特・特纳（Robert