2025~2026学年上海市杨浦区中原中学高一年级(下)英语学科期中测试试卷

2025~2026学年上海市杨浦区中原中学高一年级(下)英语学科期中测试试卷一、语法填空Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.UnderstandingtheCloseness-CommunicationBias(亲近沟通偏差)Mostofusassumethatwecommunicatebetterwithourfriendsandfamilymembers1wedowithstrangers.However,itisoftenthecasethatthecloserwearetosomebody,thelesslikelywearetolistencarefullytothem.Thisphenomenoniscalledcloseness-communicationbias,andithasbeenknown2(cause)seriousdamagetopersonalrelationships.Thereason3manypeopleunconsciously“tuneout”theirfamilymembersorclosefriendsisthattheythinktheyalreadyknowwhattheotherpersonisgoingtosay.It’ssimilartothewayinwhichyoumightnotnoticesigns,landmarks,orsceneryonapathyou4(travel)downnumeroustimes.Researchershave,repeatedlydemonstratedcloseness-communicationbiasinexperiments.Inonesuchstudy,participants5(group)withfriendsorspouses,followedbybeing,groupedwithcompletestrangers.Researchersthenaskedtheparticipantstointerpret6theirfriendsandspousesweresayingtothem.Inthemajorityofcases,althoughmostparticipantsassumedtheywouldbetterunderstandthosetheywerecloseto,theyactuallyunderstoodthemnobetterthanstrangers.Insomecases,theyunderstoodtheirclosefriendsandspouseseven7(little).Anotherstudyshowedthatpeoplearemorelikelytosharetheirmostworrisometroubleswithpeopletheywerelessclosetoratherthanwiththeirspousesorclosefriends.When8(open)uptostrangers,peopleareabletoavoidjudgmentandpreventcreatingunnecessaryconflictwithintheircloserelationships.Unfortunatelythecloseness-communicationbiasisarealitythatmostpeoplelivewith9theyknowitornot.Notonlydoesthispreventpeoplefromlisteningtothosetheylove,butitalsomeanstheirloved10aren’tlisteningtothem,either.二、选词填空Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.recycledB.advancedC.challengingD.protectionE.productive

F.establishingG.separationH.resupplyI.controlledJ.progress

K.transportingGrowingFoodin3D-printedGreenhousestoFeedAstronautsSpaceisdangerous,almostunimaginablyso.Buttechnological11hasallowedpeopletoexplorethisextremelydeadlyenvironmentfordecades.Withinthe12ofaspacestation,astronautshaveenoughair,foodandwatertocompletemissionsofayearorlonger,safely.TheInternationalSpaceStationcangoformonthswithouta(n)13.Butmissionstofurtherreachesofspaceareadifferentmatteraltogether.Itnowseemsthat14abaseonthemoonorsendinghumanstoMarsisjustonthehorizon.Thatcanonlyhappenifnewandcompletelyreliablewaysaredevelopedtoprovidehumanswithenoughair,waterandfood.Onecompany,InterstellarLabs,believestheyhavecreatedasystemthatcansolvethefoodproblem.Theyhavedevelopeda(n)15,self-sustainingsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient.Infact,InterstellarLabsclaimsthatBioPodsreducetheamountoflandandwaterneededtoproducefoodby99percent.Thatisnotanimpossibleclaim.BioPodsdon’tuseanysoiltogrowplants,andthevastmajorityofwateriscontinuously16.AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPod-grownplantsareupto300timesmore17thantraditionallygrownplants,usingmuchlesswater.TheconditionsinsideofaBioPodare18byAI,whichcanchangeanythingfromthelightingtothetemperaturetomaximizegrowth.Thiscreatesidealgrowingconditionsnomatterwhattheenvironmentisoutside,includingtheemptinessofspace.TheBioPodsthemselvescanbebuiltinalmostanyenvironment,too.Thepod’sstructureismadewitha3Dprinterusingrawmaterialsinliquidform.ThismeansthataBioPodcouldbebuiltrightonthesurfaceofthemoonorMars,making19alargestructureunnecessary.Likemosttechnologydevelopedforspaceexploration,BioPodscanalsobeusedonEarthtoprovidehighlyefficientfoodproductionsystemseveninthemost20environments.Directions:Chooseaproperwordfromtheboxtocompleteeachsentence.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.flexibleB.generousC.signalD.measureE.impressionF.achievement21.Anartist’strue21oftenliesnotjustinmasteringatechnique,butindevelopingauniquestylethatisrecognizedandremembered.22.Theteacherwas22withherhelpandstayedafterschooltoexplainthemathproblemsagain.23.To23forimmediatequiet,theteacheroftenchoosestoraiseahand—amorerespectfulandattention-gettingstrategythanshoutingoverthenoise.24.Onewayto24thedepthofacommunity’scustomsistoseehowtheyadapttomodernlifewhilepreservingtheircorevalues.25.A(n)25studyscheduleallowshighschoolstudentstobalancetheiracademicworkloadwithpersonalinterests.Directions:Chooseaproperwordfromtheboxtocompleteeachsentence.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.limitB.negativeC.indicateD.applicationE.professionalF.survive26.Thebirds’suddenchangeindirectionmay26anapproachingstorm,remindingthehikerstoseekshelter.27.Asweknow,27languagelearningrequiresunderstandingboththelanguageitselfandtheculturethatshapesitsuse.28.Thedaily28ofthesesimplebreathingtechniquescansignificantlyreducestressandimproveoverallmentalwell-being.29.Eatingtoomuchprocessedfoodcanhavea(n)29effectonyourlong-termhealth.30.Theonlyreal30toyoursuccessisoftenthestoryyoutellyourselfaboutwhatyoucannotachieve.三、完形填空Whensomeonesuffersaheartattack,everymomentisessential.HavingsomeonenearbywhoknowsCPR(心肺复苏)orhowtouseanAED(自动体外除颤器)can31thatperson’schancesofpullingthrough.Whyshouldn’tthatsomeonebeyou?Life-savingskillslikeCPRandtheknowledgeofhowtouseanAEDaren’thardto32.Infact,CPR/AEDclassestakejustafewhours.Being33withtheseskillscanenableyoutoactquicklyandeffectively.WhatexactlyisCPR?It’satechniquethat34pushinghardonthechestandgivingrescuebreaths.Thishelpsapersonwhohasstoppedbreathingorwhosehearthasstoppedbeating—oftenduringaheartattack,whenbloodflowtotheheartis35.CPRkeepsbloodflowingtovitalorgansuntilmedicalhelparrives.KnowinghowtouseanAEDisanothercriticalskill.Thesesmalldevicesdeliveranelectricshocktothehearttohelpitbeat36againduringasuddenheartstop.Themachinesaredesignedtobeuser-friendlywithclearinstructionssoeven37individualscanoperatethem.CPRandAEDtraining38notonlytheindividualbutalsothecommunityatlarge.Imaginebeinginapublicplacewhensomeonesuddenlycollapses.Insituationslikethese,bystanderswhoaretrainedinCPRandAEDcanimmediatelystepinandprovidehelpuntilprofessionalmedicalhelp39.Eachminutethatsomeone’sheartisn’tbeatingminimizestheirchancesofsurvivalby10percent.Ifmorepeopleweretrainedintheseskills,communitieswouldbesafer.40,CPRandAEDtraininggivesconfidencetoindividualstoactdecisivelyinemergencies.Knowingwhattodoinacrisiscanprevent41andpanic,allowingforquickandeffectiveaction.Thisconfidenceisbeneficialnotonlyinemergencysituationsbutalsoineverydaylife,bycreatingasenseof42andreadiness.AccordingtotheAmericanRedCross,propertrainingand43toAEDscouldsaveupto50,000liveseachyear.Schools,workplacesandcommunityorganizationsthatofferCPRandAEDtrainingdemonstratetheir44forthewell-beingoftheirmembers.Inthose45momentswhensomeoneisinurgentneedofhelp,emergencytrainingcanindeedmakethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.31.A．reduceB．doubleC．illustrateD．reflect32.A．identifyB．imagineC．acquireD．ignore33.A．equippedB．mixedC．filledD．connected34.A．considersB．practicesC．avoidsD．involves35.A．lackedB．blockedC．damagedD．exchanged36.A．normallyB．enthusiasticallyC．graduallyD．impressively37.A．unqualifiedB．untrainedC．uninvitedD．unexpected38.A．selectB．harmC．confuseD．benefit39.A．runsoverB．turnsoverC．takesoverD．getsover40.A．EventuallyB．AdditionallyC．OccasionallyD．Fortunately41.A．hesitationB．explorationC．explanationD．recognition42.A．anxietyB．authorityC．capabilityD．identity43.A．attemptB．approachC．admissionD．access44.A．resourceB．satisfactionC．concernD．contribution45.A．peacefulB．scaryC．ordinaryD．familiar四、阅读理解Haveyoueverbeenstuckintrafficwherethesoundofcarhorns(喇叭)issoloudthatitgivesyouaheadache?Inmanybusycitiesaroundtheworld,unnecessaryhonkingisabigproblem.Butonecountrycameupwithacleverideatofightthenoise.Itiscalled“HonkMore,WaitMore.”WhatIs“HonkMore,WaitMore”?Afewyearsago,somecitiesinIndiastartedanewtrafficcampaign.Theyplacedspecialsoundsensorsatbusytrafficlights.Thesesensorscanmeasurehowloudthehonkingis.Ifdriversmaketoomuchnoisebyhonkingunnecessarily,somethingunexpectedhappens:theredlighttimerresets,makingeveryonewaitlongerbeforetheycango.Themoreyouhonk,thelongeryouwait!WhyWasThisNeeded?Inmanyplaces,driversusetheirhornsallthetime—notjustforsafety,butoutofhabitorimpatience.Thiscreatesterriblenoisepollution,whichcancausestress,troublesleeping,andevenhearingproblems.Honkingdoesn’tmakethetrafficmovefaster,butitdoesmakethecitynoisierandmorestressfulforeveryone.____________________Imagineyou’reataredlight.Thelightisabouttoturngreen,butthedrivernexttoyoustartshonkingimpatiently.Anearbysensorpicksuptheextranoise.Suddenly,thecountdowntimerontheredlightjumpsbackfrom5secondsto10oreven20seconds.Now,everyoneatthecrossroadshastowaitlonger—allbecauseofthatoneimpatienthonk.TheBigIdeaBehindtheRuleThe“HonkMore,WaitMore”ruleisn’tjustaboutpunishment.It’saboutteachingsharedresponsibility.Ifonepersonhonks,thewholegrouppaysbywaitinglonger.Thisencouragesdriverstoremindeachothertostayquiet.Itturnsimpatienthonkingfromapersonalhabitintoagroupconcern.WhatHappenedAfter?Whenthesystemwasfirstintroduced,itmadeheadlineseverywhere.Manypeoplelovedtheidea.Driversstartedthinkingtwicebeforepressingthehorn.Insomeplaces,honkingdecreasednoticeably.Thecampaignbecameasymbolofhowcreativethinkingcanhelpsolveeverydayproblems.ALessonforAllofUsYoudon’thavetobeadrivertolearnfrom“HonkMore,WaitMore.”Itremindsusthatouractionsaffectothers.Sometimes,alittlepatienceandconsiderationcanmakelifebetterforeveryone.Nexttimeyou’retemptedtohonk—ordoanythingnoisyinapublicspace—remember:sometimes,waitingquietlyisthefastestwayforward.46.Indiastartedthe“HonkMore,WaitMore”campaignto______.

A．helpcarsgofasterthroughbusycrossroadsB．giveaprizetothedriverswhohonktheleastC．punishdriverswhohonktoomuchbyusingtechnologyD．cutdownnoisepollutionbyreducingpointlesshonking47.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsubtitleforparagraph4?

A．HowDoesItWork?B．AStoryaboutaPatientDriverC．WhyTrafficLightsAreImportantD．TheTechnologyBehindtheSensor48.Whatwouldmostlikelyhappenifmostdriversfollowedthe“HonkMore,WaitMore”ruleovertime?

A．Thetrafficlightsensorswouldberemovedbecausethey’renolongerneeded.B．Thecrossroadswouldbecomemuchnoisierasdriversgetusedtothesystem.C．Theaveragewaitingtimeatredlightswouldbecomeshorterandpredictable.D．Thedriverswouldhonkevenmorebecausenoindividualdriverispunished.49.Whatisthemainlessonofthestory?

A．Honkingisthemosteffectivewaytosignaldangerinanemergency.B．Technologycansolveproblemswithoutpeoplechangingtheirbehavior.C．Patienceandconsiderationcanmakesharedspacesbetterforeveryone.D．Clearcommunicationofarule’spurposehelpspeoplewillinglyfollowit.

AskTheExpertTHETRUTHABOUTCOCHLEARIMPLANTS

Strugglingtoheareachday,evenwhenusingpowerfulhearingaids?DR.ALEJANDRORIVASacochlearimplantsurgeonandmedicaladvisortoCochlear,answersquestionsaboutcochlearimplantsandhowtheyaredifferentfromhearingaids.Nowmorethanever,communicationandconnectionareimportantformaintainingrelationshipswithfamily,friendsandcommunity.Whetherithappenssuddenlyorgraduallyovertime,hearinglosscanaffectyouphysicallyandemotionally.Beingunabletohearimpactsyourabilitytocommunicatewithyourfriends,talkonthephone,orheartheTV.Beingabletohearindifferentenvironmentswillhelpyoustayconnectedwithwhatmattersmost.Dealingwithyourhearinglosscouldchangeyourlife.Cochlearimplantsworkdifferentlythanhearingaids.Insteadofmakingsoundslouder,theyusehi-techelectronicpartsandsoftwaretohelpyouhearthesoundsyou’vebeenmissing.Q:Howarecochlearimplantsdifferentfromhearingaids?

Hearingaidshelpmanypeoplebymakingthesoundstheyhearlouder.Unfortunately,ashearinglossprogresses,soundsmaynotonlyneedtobelouder,theymayneedtobeclearer.Cochlearimplantscanhelpgiveyouthatclarity,especiallyinnoisyenvironments.Q:Isitmajorsurgery?

No,notatall.Theprocedureisoftendoneonanoutpatientbasisandtypicallytakesjustacoupleofhours.Aftersurgery,you’llneedashorthealingperiod,andyourdevicewillbeactivatedandfine-tunedinfollow-upvisitstoensurethebestsoundclarity.Q:Arecochlearimplantsaprovensolution?

Cochlearhearingimplanttechnologyisveryreliable.Infact,ithasbeenaroundfor40yearsandCochlearhasprovidedmorethan600,000implantablehearingdevices.Q:ArecochlearimplantscoveredbyMedicare?

Yes,Medicareandmostprivateinsuranceplansroutinelycovercochlearimplants.Call8006104901orvisitwww.Cochlear.us/Rdigest

tofindaHearingImplantSpecialistnearyou

andgetafreeguideaboutcochlearimplants50.Whoistheprimarytargetreadersofthisarticle?

A．Medicalstudentsstudyinghearingdisorders.B．CompaniesthatmakeorsellhearingproductsC．Seniorpeoplewhoareexperiencinghearingloss.D．Governmentofficialsmanaginghealthcarepolicies.51.Thesurgeryforcochlearimplants______.

A．requiresmonthsoffullrecoveryB．canimprovesoundclarityimmediatelyC．isarisky,hospital-stay-requiredoperationD．takesonlyafewhoursonanoutpatientbasis52.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutcochlearimplants?

A．Theycanmakesoundsmuchlouderthanhearingaids.B．Theyusetechnologytoimproveclarity,notjustvolume.C．TheyarecoveredbyMedicareandalltheprivateinsurance.D．Theyareanewtechnologydevelopedinthelast10years.AsGraceandAllisonsettledintoAllison’sroomtostudy,Allisonasked,“Doyouwantanythingtoeatordrink?”“No,thanks,”Gracerepliedpolitely,expectingAllisontoextendtheofferasecondtimeaswascustomaryinherexperience.Momentslater,AllisonreturnedwithadrinkforherselfbutnothingforGrace.Allisonneitherrepeatedheroffernorsuggestedsharingherowndrink.GraceleftAllison’shousefeelingthirsty,upsetandneglected.ThisincidentillustratesaclassicconflictbetweenAskCultureandGuessCulture.Askers,likeAllison,communicatedirectly,statingneedsclearlyandtrustingotherstodothesame.Incontrast,Guessers,likeGrace,areunwillingtomakedirectrequeststoavoidbotheringothers,oftensaying“no”initiallyandexpectingotherstoperceiveunspokenneeds.FromGrace’sperspective,Allisonshouldhaveofferedheradrinkagainorsimplybroughtherone,guessingGracewasthirsty.CommunicationstylesoftheAskandGuessCulturesarecommonacrosstheworld.MostAsians,MiddleEasterners,andAfricanscomefromGuessCultures,whileEuropeansandNorthAmericansaremorelikelytobelongtoAskCultures.Note,though,thatallsocietieshaveelementsofbothculturesandthatculturalbackgroundalonedoesnotdetermineaperson’scommunicationstyle.Havingawarenessofthesecommunicationdifferencesisanassetwithintoday’sglobalizedworld.ByunderstandingAskCultureandGuessCulture,respectingthedifferencesandbeingopen-minded,youcaninteractsmoothlyacrosscultures,settingyourselfupforsuccess.First,figureoutwhetheryou’reanAskeroraGuesser.Thenpointoutthatyouhavedifferentcommunicationstylesandmakelightofit,sonooneisoffended.Next,adaptyourapproachaccordingly.GuesserscanlearntoacceptAskers’directstyleassincereratherthanpushy,whileAskerscanavoidputtingpressureonGuessersbyframingrequestsinwaysthatallowagracefulrefusal.Guesserscanalsopracticebeingmoredirect,whileAskerscanpayattentiontohintsandbodylanguage.Ifmisunderstandingsarise,bothsidesneedtogiveeachotherthebenefitofthedoubtandberespectful.Intheend,it’snotaboutwhetherAskCultureorGuessCultureisrightorwrong,it’saboutrespectingeachother’sdifferences.53.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?

A．Toshowthatculturealonedetermineshowwecommunicate.B．ToexplainAskCultureandGuessCultureandhowtobridgethegap.C．Totellaninterestingstoryaboutamisunderstandingbetweentwofriends.D．ToarguethatAskCultureismoreeffectiveandshouldbeadoptedworldwide.54.Howisa“Guesser”mostlikelytobehave?

A．Theystatetheirneedsinaclearanddirectmanner.B．Theyneversay“no”toanoffer,toavoidseemingrude.C．Theyrefuseanofferatfirst,expectingtheotherpersontoinsist.D．Theyfeelcomfortablewhenotherpeopletaketheir“no”seriously.55.Theunderlinedwords“anasset”inparagraph6isclosestinmeaningto______.

A．adifficultchallengeB．apersonalopinionC．anoptionalskillD．avaluableadvantage56.Accordingtothepassage,whencommunicatingwitha“Guesser”,an“Asker”should______.

A．insistongettingaclearanddirectanswerfromtheGuesserB．askthesamequestionrepeatedlyuntiltheGuessersaysyesC．alwaysassumetheGuesser’sfirst“no”istheirfinalanswerD．expressrequestsinwaysthatmakeiteasyfortheGuessertosaynoFunFactsaboutPigeons,theMostMisunderstoodofAllCreaturesUponseeingaflockofpigeons,manypeoplewantnothingmorethantorunamileintheotherdirection.57Peoplemaybesurprisedtolearnthatthesecreatureshaveanumberoffascinatingcharacteristicsthatshouldnotbeoverlooked.First,pigeonsarehighlyskillednavigators(领航员).58Becauseofthisability,humanshaveusedpigeonstotheiradvantageforcenturies.Anotherinterestingyetnotsoadmirablequalityofpigeonsisthattheyappeartobemasterprocrastinators(拖延大师).Scientificstudieshaveshownthatpigeonsoftendelaythecompletionofaboringortroublesometaskwhenanimmediatelymoreconvenientalternativeisavailable.59Next,wecometotheunpleasantto