2025~2026学年北京市海淀区度第二学期期中练习高二英语试卷

2025~2026学年北京市海淀区度第二学期期中练习高二英语试卷一、完形填空Mygrandfatherwasawriterofmanybooks.Asachildandateenager,Iwrote1,tryingtobeanauthorlikehim.WhenI2myfirstbook,IwasnotsureifIshouldthrowitouttotheworldorshelteritforever.That’swhyIwenttograndpathatnight,myfaithfulreader,whoonceagaingavemetremendous3.“Didyoubringthebook?IheardyoutalkaboutitandIcan’twaittoseeyour4.”“Ohyeah,thebook.Icompletedityesterday,”Ihandedhimthedraft,“butIdon’tthinkit’sthatgood...”Heturnedtoarandompageand5moreofthepages.“Whydoyouthinkthisisn’tgood?Itlooksfinetome.Veryheart-warming.”“Well,I’mnotsure.Itcouldbebetterthanitisnow.”“Youcan’texpectforthebooktobe6.Writingisaskillthattakestime.Youalreadyfinishedthestory,andnowyouhaveto7otherswhatyou’vegot.”hepassedthebookbacktome.“Ifpeopledon’tlikeit,thenwriteagain.Criticismisimportant,butyouaregoingtohavetokeeponwritingtillyouare8withyourwork.”“Isthathowyoubecameawriter?”“Yes,andeveryotherwriterbeforeme.Youhavetostartfromthe9andthenreachthetop.”Ifinallybrokeoutintoasmileandhedidtoo.Ilookedcarefullyatthebookonemoretime.Thepagesboundtogethergavemehopeforthefuture.Thatsettledit.Iwasgoingtohaveto10myselfandletothersseemywork.Formeandformygrandpa.1.A．fastB．wellC．nonstopD．little2.A．polishedB．finishedC．deletedD．published3.A．tasksB．pressureC．rewardsD．inspiration4.A．progressB．styleC．commentD．reaction5.A．copiedB．wroteC．scannedD．edited6.A．perfectB．uniqueC．complexD．practical7.A．submitB．showC．fetchD．sell8.A．contentB．strictC．patientD．exhausted9.A．endB．failureC．bottomD．criticism10.A．giveupB．countonC．lookafterD．getover二、语法填空阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。InJanuary2018,Chinesescientistsannouncedthatthey11(clone)ZhongZhongandHuaHua,theworld’sfirstclonedlong-tailedmonkeys.Asprimatesarecloselyrelatedtohumans,cloningthemhadbeenconsideredextremelydifficult.12makestheachievementmoreinspiringisthattheresearchershadbeenwhollydevotedtotheresearchandtakingcareofover1000monkeys24hoursaday,7daysaweekformorethan5years.Therehadbeenanumberoffailures13theyfinallymadeabreakthroughwhichbroughthopetomedicalresearchandhumanhealth.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Overthelast50years,theU.S.andCanadahaveslowlybutsurelylost29%oftheirbirdpopulations.Evencommonbirdssuchassparrowsandblackbirds14(face)declinesinNorthAmericasince1970.Onemajorcauseisthathumanshaveexpandedtheirfootprintgreatly,15(result)inhabitatlossforbirds.Lesshabitatmeanslessspace16(find)food,mates,nest,andraiseyoung.Sincebirdsplayan17(essence)roleinthefunctioningoftheworld’secosystems,weneedtosparenoefforttoprotectthemandtakethesebeautifulcreaturesunderourwing.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The2021InternationalConfuciusCulturalFestival18(launch)inSeptember,featuringaninternationalforumtodiscussculturalcivilizationsandtheConfuciusCultureWeekforChineseandforeignstudents.Thisannualfestivalincludesbothonlineandofflineevents,whichareaimedatconnectingConfucianculturefansworldwide.19(found)in1989,itisoneofthelargestfestivalsnationallyandinternationallysupportedbytourismfestivalsintegratingculture,tourism,andscientificresearch20theaimofpromotingancientChineseculture.三、阅读理解DearMr.Smith,IamseekinganopportunitytoworkwithWorldDestinyasaComputerSystemsManage.MyprofessionalexperienceandmyawarenessofyourhighreputationandgreatachievementshaveledmetowanttoworkforWorldDestiny.Since1998Ihavefocusedoncomputer-systemdesignandtraining.AsSystemsAdministratorforNewportMuseumforthepasttwoyears,Ihavedirectedaccounting,capitalcampaignandpublicationproduction.Wedesignedthesystemfromscratch,developingallapplications,policies,procedures,andtrainingprograms.IwaswellpreparedforsuchachallengebymypreviouspositionsasaSystemsSupportSpecialistandMicroComputerAssistantfortheImperialCorporationofAmerica.Overtheyears,IhaveworkedwithNovell,usingprogramsincludingdBase,WordstarandMicrosoftWord.Thisfamiliaritywithavarietyofhardwareandsoftwarehashelpedmetogetuptospeedonnearlyanycomputerwithaminimumtrainingperiod.AdditionalexperienceinotherfieldsalsoaddsmyvaluetoWorldDestiny.AsaMarketResearchCoordinatorforCushman&WakefieldofCalifornia,Inotonlyresearchedandmaintained(维护)acomprehensivedatabaseofSiliconValley,butalsoproducedstatisticalandwrittenreportsthatsupportCushman&Wakefield’reputation.Previously,IorganizedcompanywideannualsalesmeetingsforQualogy,Inc.Mr.Smith,whilethisexperiencemorethanqualifiesmetojoinanynumberofsuccessfulcompanies,itismypersonalgoalsthatleadtomyinterestinbeingpartoftheWorldDestinyteam.Ibelievemycomputer,promotional,andorganizationalskills,fueledbymybeliefs,makeWorldDestinyandmerightforeachother.Canwearrangeaninterviewatyourearliestconvenience?Iwillcallwithinthenextweektoarrangeameeting.Sincerely,BethHenning21.BethHenning’sworkexperienceinclude______.

A．ComputerSystemsManagerforCorporationofAmericaB．SystemsSupportSpecialistforWorldDestinyC．SystemsAdministratorforNewportMuseumD．MicroComputerAssistantforNovell22.WhileworkingwithCushman&WakefieldofCalifornia,Beth’sworkinvolved______.

A．trainingnewworkersB．maintainingadatabaseC．organizingsalesmeetingsD．developingcompanypolicies23.BethHenningprovesherselfqualifiedforthepositionmainlyby______.

A．stressingherpersonalitystrengthsB．promisinghervaluetothecompanyC．listingrelevantexperiencesandskillsD．expressingastronginterestinthecompanyMyneighborMr.TaylorkeptalargeandwhitehorsenamedJasper.Hehadneverpanicked,neverbitten,neverkicked.Therewasasteadycalmnessinhimthatnaturallyinspiredtrust.Thefirsttimemydaughter,Lila,sawJasper,shestoppedmid-step,pointedhertinyfinger,andwhispered,“Horsey.”Mr.Taylorwavedusover.JasperloweredhisgreatheadandLilapressedhercheekagainsthisnoseandgiggled(咯咯地笑).Fromthatdayforward,LilawantedtoseeJaspereverychanceshegot.Theirbondgrewdeeper.That’swhytheknockonmydooroneeveningsurprisedmesomuch.ItwasMr.Taylor.HisfacecarriedatightnessI’dneverseenbefore.“Ithink,”hebegancarefully,“thatyoushouldtakeLilatoseeadoctor.Iknowthiswillsoundstrange,butJasper’sbeenbehavingdifferentlyaroundher.Hesniffs(嗅)atherconstantly.Jasperisatherapy-trainedhorse.He’sbeentrainedtosensethings...changesinpeople’shealth,emotions,sometimesevenillnesses.”Hepaused.“I’veseenhimdothisbefore,withpeoplewhowerelaterdiagnosed(诊断)withseriousconditions.”Istaredathim.Partofmewantedtolaughitoff.Horsesdidn’tdiagnoseillnesses—doctorsdid.MaybeMr.Taylorwasoverreacting.Ithankedhimandclosedthedoor.Forthenexttwodays,apersistentvoiceremindedmeofJasper’sstrangebehavior.Finally,ItookLilatothedoctor.Theappointmentbeganroutinely,butthencameextratests.Whenthedoctorcameback,hisexpressiontoldeverythingbeforehespoke.“I’msorry,”hesaidgently.“Thetestsshowsignsofcancer.”Themonthsthatfollowedwerethehardestofourlives.Andthroughitall,therewasJasper.Heseemedtoknowjusthowtobehave.He’dlowerhisgreatheadsoshecouldstrokehimwithoutmucheffort.HestoodguardwhileLilarestedinthestraw.Itwasasifhecarriedsomeofherburdenforher.ThereweremomentswhenItrulybelievedshefoughtharderbecauseJasperwaswaitingforher.Hegavehercomfortthatnodoctor,noparent,couldprovide.Aftermonthsoftreatment,thedoctorsfinallygaveusthenewswehadbeendesperatetohear:Shewasgettingbetter.Lilawasweak,butshewaswinning.AndIknewthatwithoutJasper—andwithoutMr.Taylor’swarning—wemightneverhavecaughtitearlyenough.24.WhydidMr.Taylorvisittheauthoronenight?

A．TocheckonLila’shealthcondition.B．TovoicehisconcernsaboutLila’shealth.C．TodiscusswhethertokeepLilaoffJasper.D．ToaskforhelpwithJasper’sstrangebehavior.25.HowdidtheauthorinitiallyreacttoMr.Taylor’swarning?

A．Shedidnotcare.B．Shearguedwithhim.C．Sheaskedhimforproof.D．Shereliedonhisjudgment.26.HowdidJaspersupportLiladuringhertreatment?

A．Heactedfunnytoeaseherpain.B．Hestoodguardtokeepvisitorsaway.C．Hesignaledherchangetohermother.D．Heofferedunusualemotionalcomfort.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．Wisdombeginswhereprejudiceends.B．Loyaltyoftengrowsinthesoiloftrust.C．Wonderscanarriveinunexpectedforms.D．Couragegrowswhenfacedwithhardships.Fordecades,theterm“MondayBlues”hasbeenshorthandforthecollectivegroan(呻吟)thatgreetsthestartofeachworkweek.Mondayscomewithhigherratesofanxiety,stressandevensuicidecomparedwithotherdays.ToexplorethebiologicalbasisofthispersistentMondayeffect,Chandola,achairprofessorofmedicalsociologyattheUniversityofHongKong,focusedonthestresshormonecortisol(皮质醇).Whenweexperienceastressor—whetherit’ssomethingpsychological,suchasanapproachingdeadline,orphysical,suchasabitingcoldmorning-ourbraintriggersthereleaseofcortisolwhichhelpsmanageshort-termstress.Butchronicallyhighlevelsofcortisolandbodilysystems,weakeningimmunefunctionandincreasingtheriskofdepression,diabetesandobesity.Previousresearchhadshownthatcortisollevelscanbehigheronweekdaysthanweekends,butfewstudieshaddirectlyexaminedwhetherMondaysareuniquelystressfulatabiologicallevel.Toinvestigatefurther,ChandolaturnedtotheEnglishLongitudinalStudyofAging,whichfollowsover10,000adultsaged50andolderinEngland.Heaskedparticipantsquestionslike,“Howanxiousdidyoufeelyesterday?”Peoplealsoreportedwhichdayoftheweek“yesterday”was.Toassesslong-termbiologicaltoll(伤害),thestudyanalyzedcortisollevelsinhairsamplestomeasurecumulativeproductionovertwotothreemonths.Ofthe3,511participants,281reportedfeelinganxiousonaMondayand1.080onanotherday.Crucially,thestudyalsoconsideredwhethertheywereworkingorretired.Theresultswerestriking.OlderadultswhofeltanxiousonMondayshad23percenthighercortisolinhairsamplescollecteduptotwomonthslater,comparedwiththosefeelinganxiousonotherdays.Incontrast,anxietyreportedonotherdaysdidnotpredicthighercortisol.Andtheeffectwasnotlimitedtoworkers;retireeswhofeltanxiousonMondaysalsoshowedelevatedcortisol.Inotherwords,thebiologicalimpactofMondayanxietypersistsevenaftertheworkweekfadesfromdailylife.OnereasonpeopleshowelevatedcortisolonMondaysisthattheyfeelmoreanxiousthatday.ThedatashowtheeffectofanxietyoncortisolismagnifiedonMondays.WhymightMondaysexertsuchapowerfuleffectonthebody?Mondayspresenthigheruncertainty,akeydriverofstress.Forthosewhodon’tadapttotheweeklycycle,therepeatedstressofMondaysmayaccumulateoverthecourseofalifetime,eventuallyleadingtolong-termproblemsinthebody’sregulationofthestresssystem.ItisalsopossiblethatsomegetanxiousonMondayssoroutinelyitbecomesanautomaticbodilyresponse,onethatpersistsevenwhentheoriginaltriggerisgone.Interventionsaimedathelpingpeopleadapttothestartoftheweekmighthavelong-termhealthbenefits.Thebrain’sstressresponseisplastic,meaningitcanchange.Practicesthatsupportemotionregulation,includingmeditation,mindfulness,regularphysicalactivity,andgoodsleephygiene,mayhelpreconditionthebrain’sweeklycycleandattenuatestress-relatedhealthrisks.28.WhatcanwelearnfromChandola’sstudy?

A．Weekdaysaremorestressfulthanweekends.B．Stresshormonesdisruptourimmunefunction.C．Consequencesof“Mondayeffect”canstretchintoretirement.D．Olderadultshad23%highercortisollevelthanaverageonMondays.29.Theunderlinedword“magnified”inParagraph5probablymeans.

A．clarifiedB．explainedC．multipliedD．ignored30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．MondaysAreReallyMoreStressfulB．UncertaintydrivesMondayAnxietyC．CortisolPeaksonMondaysforAnxiousIndividualsD．TheWeeklyCycleLeavesaBiologicalMarkontheBodyIwasattheGatheringforScienceinBoston,on22April2017,aswere70.000otherscientists.Weweretheretostandupforfactsandtruth.Wherearethecrowdsofscientistsnow?Sincethen,harmsfromsciencedenialhaveonlyincreased:globalsufferinghasgrownowingtoinactiononclimatechange,andsomeepidemicshaverisenalongwithvaccineskepticism.I'vebeenouttheretalkingtothesciencedeniers,andI'veaskedmyscientistfriendstocomewithme.“Thosepeoplejustaren'tworthtalkingto.”they'llsay.“Iwouldn'tmakeadifferenceanyway.”What'swrong.Thosepeoplecananddochangetheirminds,althoughitrequiressomeonetoputinthetimetoovercomedistrust.Tobesure,manyexpertshavelaunchedthemselvesagainstmisinformation,enduringabuseonsocialmediaandeventhreatstotheirsafety.Butwhenscientiststurndownmyinvitations,it'snotbecauseoffear.Mostoften,theirexcusesaregroundedinthe“backfireeffect”,aquestionable2010findingthatpeoplesometimesembracemisconceptionsmorestronglywhenfaredwithcorrectiveinformation,implyingthatpushingbackagainstfalsehoodsiscounter-productive.Eventheresearcherswhoseresultswereexaggeratedtopopularizethisideadonotembraceitanymore,andarguethatthetruechallengeislearninghowbesttotargetcorrectiveinformation.Infact,evidenceisgrowingthatrebuttalscanbeeffective.Sciencedeniersalldrawonthesameflawedreasoningtechniques:cherry-pickingevidence,relyingonfakeexperts,andengaginginillogicalreasoning.Alandmark2019studyshowedthatcritiquingtheflawedtechniquescancontainthespreadofmisinformation.Sohowdoes“techniquerebuttal”workinpractice?ArnaudGagneurandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofSherbrookeconductedmorethan1.00020-minuteinterviewsinwhichtheylistenedtonewparents'concernsaboutvaccinationsandansweredtheirquestions.Thoseparents'childrenwere9%morelikelytoreceiveallthevaccinesontheschedulethanwerethoseofuninterviewedparentswhosebabiesweredeliveredinthesamematernityward.Onemothertoldhim:“It'sthefirsttimethatI'vehadadiscussionlikethis,andIfeelrespected,andItrustyou.”Itisself-evidentinsciencecommunicationthatyoucannotconvinceasciencedenierwithfactsalone;mostsciencedeniersdon'thavealackofinformation,butalackoftrust.Sowhatshouldscientistsdo?Evennon-expertscanusetechniquerebuttal.Ageologistcanengageaneighborwhoisvaccinehesitant.Aproteinbiologistcancoachanauntorunclewhowants“moreevidence”thatclimatechangeisreal.Insteadofshillingtomorecomfortableconversations,engageinrespectfulexchange.Ifyouspendmoretimeaskingquestionsthanofferingexplanations,peoplewillbemorelikelytopayattentiontotheexplanationsthatyoudooffer.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．TheGatheringforScienceaddressedonlineabuse.B．Thesilenceofscientistsworsensharmfromsciencedenial.C．Ineffectivevaccinesspeedupthespreadofsomeepidemics.D．Theauthor'sfriendsfinditvaluabletotalkwithsciencedeniers.32.Accordingtothepassage,the“backfireeffect”______.

A．suggestscautionbeforecorrectingothersB．emphasizestheeffectivenessofrebuttalsC．resultsfromflawedreasoningtechniquesD．enjoyswidesupportintheacademicfield33.Thelasttwoparagraphssuggestthat______.

A．theinterviewedparentsagreedtovaccinationduetothesufficiencyoftheinformationB．geologistsandproteinbiologistsneedtomakesuretheconversationsarecomfortableC．scientistsareencouragedtolistencarefullyandaskquestionsduringinteractionD．scientistsshouldteachnon-expertshowtoconductrespectfulexchanges34.Inwritingthispassage,theauthoraimsto______.

A．expressconcernsformisinformationB．analyzethemaincauseofsciencedenialC．advocateemployingtechniquerebuttalD．presenttheproblemsscientistsencounterIfyouhadtosavethelifeofapersonorananimal,whichwouldyouchoose?Mostadultssaytheywouldpicktheperson,butalmosthalfofyoungchildrenwouldprefertosavetheanimal,accordingtoastudyinPoland.“Thefindingreallysurprisedus,”saysMattiWilksattheUniversityofEdinburgh,UK.35Forexample,asurveyofmillionsofpeoplein233countries,mostofthemintheir20sand30s,foundtheylargelyagreedthatself-drivingcarsshouldcrashintodogsorcatsinsteadofpeopleiftheyhadtochoose.36UsingatoyrailwayandLegofigures,Wilksandhercolleaguespresented170childrenaged6to9inanurbanpartofPolandwithscenariosbasedonathoughtexperimentcalledthetrolleyproblem.ThechildrenhadtodecidewhethertodirectarunawayrailcardownoneoftwotrackssothatitcrashedintoaLegopersonoraLegoanimal—eitheradogorchimpanzee.37About42percentofthechildrenwantedtosavethedogandmaketherailcarcollidewiththeperson,comparedwithjust17percentofadults.About28percentofchildrenalsoprioritisedthechimpanzeeovertheperson,comparedwith11percentofadults.“Childrenlearnfromtheirparents,teachersandothersthatit’sreallyimportanttocareforothers,butitmaybeeasierforthemtolearnthisasablanketrulethatappliestobothhumansandanimals,”saysKarriNeldnerattheMaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropologyinGermany.38“However,astheygetolder,theymightpickuponculturalnarrativesthattellusit’sreallyimportanttocareforotherpeople,”saysNeldner.39WhensheaskedAustralianchildrenaged4to10toorderpicturesofpeople,animals,plantsandobjectsaccordingtohowmuchtheycaredaboutthem,the4-year-oldstendedtocaremoreaboutdogs,catsanddolphinsthanaboutclassmates,policeofficersandsickpeople,butthiswasreversedinthe10-year-olds.Thereasonchildrenvaluedogssohighlyisprobablyduetofamiliarity,saysWilks.Herstudieshavefoundthatchildrenwhospentmoretimewithdogsweremorelikelytosaytheywouldsaveadogoveraperson.

A．Mostadultsviewhumanlifeasespeciallyprecious.B．Herresearchsuggeststhisshiftstartsbytheageof10.C．Surprisingly,childrenweremorelikelytosaveadogoveraperson.D．Forcomparison,theresearchersrepeatedthiswith178Polishadultsaged18to50.E．Asaresult,theydon’tshowastrongpreferenceforsavingoneovertheother,shesays.F．About28percentofchildrenaged5to9saidtheywouldsaveadogoveraperson,comparedwith8percentofadults.G．However,